CN115283787A - Welding process of steel for high-pressure hydrogen storage - Google Patents
Welding process of steel for high-pressure hydrogen storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN115283787A CN115283787A CN202211076547.0A CN202211076547A CN115283787A CN 115283787 A CN115283787 A CN 115283787A CN 202211076547 A CN202211076547 A CN 202211076547A CN 115283787 A CN115283787 A CN 115283787A
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- welding
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- q690dr
- welding process
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007778 shielded metal arc welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a welding process of a Q690DR steel plate, which comprises the steps of selecting a welding material, welding, adding a tempering weld bead, removing a hardening layer after weld back chipping, performing postweld heat treatment and the like, wherein the welding material is a CHE807QR welding rod. The welding process ensures good weldability in the welding process, solves the problem that welding cracks are easy to generate in the steel welding process, ensures good matching performance of the Q690DR weld metal of the high-pressure hydrogen storage steel and the base metal in the aspects of strength, toughness, hardness and the like, and ensures that various performances of a welding joint meet the requirements of high-pressure hydrogen storage equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of hydrogen storage pressure vessels, and relates to a welding and postweld heat treatment process of high-pressure hydrogen storage steel, in particular to a welding process of the high-pressure hydrogen storage steel.
Background
Hydrogen has the characteristics of wide source, no pollution, renewability, high calorific value and the like, so hydrogen energy is also considered as an ultimate solution for human energy. The development of hydrogen energy is accelerated, the large-scale application of the hydrogen energy is realized, the important significance is realized on solving the energy crisis, the environmental problem and the sustainable development, and the position of the hydrogen energy is gradually improved. At present, china basically forms a complete industrial chain of hydrogen energy research and development, manufacture, storage and transportation, application and the like, but at the present stage, many technical problems in hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, hydrogen supply and the like need to be solved, the hydrogen cost is also at a higher level, the development of the hydrogen energy industry is influenced, and particularly, the safe, efficient and economic hydrogen storage and transportation technology is the key for realizing industrialization and commercialization of hydrogen energy. The hydrogen volume density is extremely low, the realization of high-efficiency storage and transportation is difficult, and the improvement of the storage and transportation efficiency is a major bottleneck of the large-scale development of the hydrogen energy industry. Under the background of the times, the research on high-pressure hydrogen storage materials and equipment has very important significance.
The Q690DR steel plate for high-pressure hydrogen storage is a high-strength, high-toughness and high-hydrogen-resistance steel plate developed by combining recently domestic famous steel enterprises and research institutes, and is produced by Nanjing Steel group Limited company at present. The steel plate is particularly suitable for manufacturing high-pressure hydrogen storage equipment. But due to the ultrahigh strength, complex chemical components and the like, the difficulty of welding and postweld heat treatment of the steel grade is high, and the application of the steel grade in production is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem that the welding and postweld heat treatment difficulty of the Q690DR steel grade for high-pressure hydrogen storage is high, the invention provides a welding process of the steel for high-pressure hydrogen storage, which is suitable for welding the Q690DR steel grade, and is particularly suitable for welding and postweld heat treatment of Q690DR large thick steel plates and forgings for equipment such as high-pressure hydrogen storage spherical tanks and the like.
The welding process of the Q690DR steel plate provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) Selection of welding materials: according to the selection principle of welding materials for the pressure container, the welding materials which can be well matched with Q690DR steel grade in various properties such as strength, toughness, hydrogen resistance and the like are selected.
The steel grade Q690DR is a CHE807QR welding rod developed by Atlantic welding material manufacturers in Sichuan, and the specification of the welding material is phi 4.0mm. A large number of tests verify that various properties of the welding material, such as strength, toughness, hydrogen resistance and the like, can be well matched with Q690DR steel grade.
2) Welding: adopting shielded metal arc welding, wherein the welding position is flat welding; the preheating temperature is controlled to be 150-200 ℃, and preferably 160-180 ℃; controlling the interlayer temperature to be 150-180 ℃, preferably 160-170 ℃; controlling the post-heat temperature to be 250-300 ℃, preferably 260-280 ℃; controlling the welding current to be 130-170A, the welding voltage to be 22-26V and the welding speed to be 170-230 mm/min;
by analyzing the chemical components of Q690DR steel grade and simultaneously performing a simulated highest hardness method test, an inclined Y-groove grinding type welding crack test and different weld preheating and layer temperature welding joint performance tests on the steel, the preheating temperature before welding is determined to be more than 150 ℃, and the generation of cold cracks during welding of the steel can be effectively prevented; the interlayer temperature needs to be controlled at 150-180 ℃, so that not only can cracks be prevented from being generated in the welding process, but also the good matching performance of the weld metal and the base metal in the aspects of strength, toughness, hardness and the like can be ensured, and all properties of a welding joint can meet the requirements of high-pressure hydrogen storage equipment; the post-heating can promote the escape of hydrogen in a welded joint and prevent the generation of cold cracks, but the excessive temperature and the excessive time are easy to cause the temper brittleness of the welded joint of the Q690DR steel, so that the impact toughness is reduced, and the post-heating parameters of the steel are determined to be (250-300) DEG C multiplied by 1h (hour) through different post-heating temperature and time tests.
In order to ensure good operability during welding operation and obtain excellent mechanical properties of a welding joint, the welding parameters during flat welding are determined by tests to be 130-170A of welding current, 22-26V of welding voltage and 170-230 mm/min of welding speed.
3) Adding a tempering welding bead: adding a tempering welding bead after the welding joint is completed;
the Q690DR steel grade welding joint has the defects that the cooling speed is high when the welding joint is close to the surface, and simultaneously, the tempering effect of a rear welding bead is avoided, so that the hardness of a heat affected area on the close surface of the welding joint is too high, and the hidden danger that the service life of the welding joint is influenced is caused. Tests show that a tempering weld bead is added after welding of the welding joint is completed, and the tempering weld bead is polished and removed after welding of the hydrogen storage equipment is completed, so that the hardness of the heat affected zone close to the surface of the welding joint can be effectively reduced, and the extra height of the welding joint can be ensured to meet the requirements.
4) Removing a hardening layer after the weld joint is back gouged: the thickness of the hardened layer after carbon arc gouging back chipping of the welded joint of the Q690DR steel grade is 2.2-2.8 mm, under general conditions, the thickness of the hardened layer is about 2.5mm, the thickness removed by grinding with a grinding machine needs to be larger than that of the hardened layer, and the thickness removed by grinding is larger than or equal to 3mm, namely larger than or equal to 3mm;
5) Postweld heat treatment: feeding the mixture into a furnace at the temperature of below 400 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 60-90 ℃/h (h), the heat preservation temperature is 565-595 ℃, and the preferable temperature is 575-585 ℃; the heat preservation time is 0.5-4 h, and the specific heat preservation time is about (plate thickness/25) h; the temperature reduction speed is 80-120 ℃/h, and the product is discharged from the furnace and air-cooled below 400 ℃.
In order to eliminate stress generated in the welding process of the welding joint, the Q690DR steel needs to be subjected to postweld heat treatment, the welding stress cannot be effectively eliminated at too low postweld heat treatment temperature, the strength of the welding joint is reduced at too high postweld heat treatment temperature, the Q690DR steel is finally obtained through tests, the postweld heat treatment parameter is below 400 ℃, and the temperature is increased at 60-90 ℃/h; the heat preservation temperature is 565 to 595 ℃, preferably 575 to 585 ℃; the holding time is determined according to the thickness of the plate, and is usually 0.5-4 h, and the holding time is generally a value obtained by dividing the thickness (in mm) of the plate by 25 as the holding time (in hours), i.e. (plate thickness/25) h, the cooling rate is 80-120 ℃/h, and the plate is discharged from the furnace and cooled by air below 400 ℃.
The method of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) A welding material of the high-pressure hydrogen storage steel Q690DR is selected.
2) The welding process parameters of the Q690DR steel for the high-pressure hydrogen storage are obtained, the good weldability in the welding process is ensured, meanwhile, the problem that welding cracks are easy to generate in the welding process of the steel is solved, the good matching performance of the Q690DR weld metal of the steel for the high-pressure hydrogen storage and a base metal in the aspects of strength, toughness, hardness and the like is also ensured, and various performances of a welding joint are ensured to meet the requirements of high-pressure hydrogen storage equipment.
3) The problem of high hardness of the near-surface heat affected zone of the Q690DR welded joint of the high-pressure hydrogen storage steel is solved, and the thickness of the hardened layer after back chipping after welding is removed by polishing.
4) The postweld heat treatment parameters of the high-pressure hydrogen storage steel Q690DR are obtained, and the problem of postweld stress relief of the steel is solved.
Detailed Description
The present process is further illustrated by the following examples.
Examples
Taking the circumferential seam welding of the Q690DR steel hydrogen storage test tank with the steel plate thickness of 72mm and the inner diameter of phi 1413mm as an example, the method comprises the following steps:
1) The welding method comprises the following steps: and (4) welding with a welding rod for arc welding.
2) Welding materials: CHE807QR
3) Welding material specification: phi 4.0mm.
4) Welding positions: flat welding
5) Welding technological parameters are as follows:
welding process parameters
6) Back side back chipping: and (3) performing back chipping by adopting a carbon arc air gouging machine, and polishing by adopting a grinding machine after the back chipping is finished, wherein the polishing removal thickness is more than or equal to 3mm.
7) And welding a layer of tempering welding bead more, polishing and removing after the whole welding of the equipment is finished by heat treatment, wherein the residual height of the welding bead after polishing is less than or equal to 3mm.
8) Nondestructive testing: MT, UT and RT detection is carried out on the welding seam after welding is finished, and the detection result needs to meet the specification of NB/T47013.
9) Postweld heat treatment: feeding the mixture into a furnace at the temperature of below 400 ℃, heating at the speed of 60-90 ℃/h, keeping the temperature at 580 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3h, cooling at the speed of 80-120 ℃/h, discharging the mixture out of the furnace at the temperature of below 400 ℃ and air cooling.
Claims (4)
1. A welding process of a Q690DR steel plate is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting welding materials: according to the selection principle of welding materials for the pressure container, the welding materials with strength, toughness and hydrogen resistance which can be matched with Q690DR steel grade are selected;
2) Welding: adopting shielded metal arc welding, wherein the welding position is flat welding; controlling the preheating temperature to be 150-200 ℃, the interlayer temperature to be 150-180 ℃, the post-heating temperature to be 250-300 ℃, the welding current to be 130-170A, the welding voltage to be 22-26V and the welding speed to be 170-230 mm/min;
3) Adding a tempering welding bead: adding a tempering welding bead after the welding joint is completed;
4) Removing a hardening layer after weld joint back chipping: the thickness of the hardened layer after carbon arc gouging back chipping of the welded joint of the Q690DR steel grade is 2.2-2.8 mm, and the thickness removed by grinding with a grinding machine needs to be larger than the thickness of the hardened layer;
5) Postweld heat treatment: feeding the mixture into a furnace at the temperature of below 400 ℃, heating at the speed of 60-90 ℃/h, keeping the temperature at 565-595 ℃, keeping the temperature for 0.5-4 h, cooling at the speed of 80-120 ℃/h, discharging the mixture out of the furnace at the temperature of below 400 ℃ and air cooling.
2. The welding process of claim 1, wherein: the welding material in step 1 is CHE807QR welding rod.
3. The welding process of claim 1, wherein: the preheating temperature in the step 2 is 160-180 ℃, the interlayer temperature is 160-170 ℃, and the post-heating temperature is 260-280 ℃.
4. The welding process of claim 1, wherein: the heat preservation temperature in the step 5 is 575-585 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211076547.0A CN115283787A (en) | 2022-09-05 | 2022-09-05 | Welding process of steel for high-pressure hydrogen storage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211076547.0A CN115283787A (en) | 2022-09-05 | 2022-09-05 | Welding process of steel for high-pressure hydrogen storage |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115283787A true CN115283787A (en) | 2022-11-04 |
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| CN202211076547.0A Pending CN115283787A (en) | 2022-09-05 | 2022-09-05 | Welding process of steel for high-pressure hydrogen storage |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN104084749A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-08 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Field welding repair method particularly suitable for bead weld layer defects on low alloy and carbon steel |
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| CN110640270A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-01-03 | 九江海天设备制造有限公司 | Steel plate welding process capable of resisting lateral bending |
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-
2022
- 2022-09-05 CN CN202211076547.0A patent/CN115283787A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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| CN103658928A (en) * | 2012-09-22 | 2014-03-26 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Surface overlaying method for rack roller for wide and thick plates |
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| CN110640270A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-01-03 | 九江海天设备制造有限公司 | Steel plate welding process capable of resisting lateral bending |
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Application publication date: 20221104 |