CN115183476A - Ultra-supercritical solar tower type water working medium heat absorber - Google Patents
Ultra-supercritical solar tower type water working medium heat absorber Download PDFInfo
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- CN115183476A CN115183476A CN202210881479.9A CN202210881479A CN115183476A CN 115183476 A CN115183476 A CN 115183476A CN 202210881479 A CN202210881479 A CN 202210881479A CN 115183476 A CN115183476 A CN 115183476A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
- F24S10/74—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits are not fixed to heat absorbing plates and are not touching each other
- F24S10/742—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits are not fixed to heat absorbing plates and are not touching each other the conduits being parallel to each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
- F22G1/16—Steam superheating characterised by heating method by using a separate heat source independent from heat supply of the steam boiler, e.g. by electricity, by auxiliary combustion of fuel oil
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/30—Solar heat collectors using working fluids with means for exchanging heat between two or more working fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/10—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material
- F24S70/12—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material made of metallic material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
An ultra-supercritical solar tower type water working medium heat absorber comprises a heat absorption screen, a tube bank and a heat absorption medium. The collected sunlight is reflected to the heat absorption screen, the heat absorption plate absorbs heat and heats up to melt the heat absorption medium filled inside, the heat absorption medium uniformly transfers the heat with high heat flow density to the tube bank and is taken away by the heat exchange fluid (water), and the tube bank is arranged in a heat-carrying compensation type mode and has a heat equalizing function. Each group of tube banks is inserted into the corresponding heat absorption screen, and is welded with the lower sealing plate of the heat absorption screen by adopting a low thermal stress technology, and the upper part of the heat absorption screen is not welded, so that the heat exchange tubes can freely expand and contract. The heat absorption screen adopts 'tin bath' indirect heat transfer, and has the function of temperature equalization. The invention adopts the heat-absorbing medium with high heat conductivity coefficient, can quickly transfer heat to the tube bank, realizes high-efficiency heat transfer, homogenizes heat flow density, reduces thermal stress, and avoids the hazards of tube explosion and the like. The heat absorber structure can heat water to an ultra-supercritical state, and greatly improves the power generation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar high-temperature heat utilization, and particularly relates to an ultra-supercritical solar tower type water working medium heat absorber.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the demand of China on energy is continuously increased. Currently, conventional fossil fuels are still the main driving force for global economic growth, but the energy crisis and global warming problem are becoming more serious due to serious environmental pollution caused by carbon dioxide and the like released after combustion thereof. The improvement of energy structure, the great development of renewable clean energy is of great importance, and the inexhaustible solar energy is concerned widely. Compare in photovoltaic power generation, the light and heat power generation technique is comparatively clean in raw and other materials manufacturing process to can carry out twenty four hours electricity generation with energy storage system collocation. However, since the power generation efficiency is low and the power generation cost is high, how to improve the photo-thermal power generation efficiency and reduce the cost becomes a difficult problem. In the photo-thermal power generation system, the tower type solar thermal power generation system can reach higher working temperature due to high concentration ratio, so that the improvement of the overall power generation efficiency is more popular in the future development trend. However, most of the exposed tower-type solar thermal power generation systems directly expose the tube bank to the outside environment, and the reflected and gathered sunlight directly irradiates the tube bank and is easily heated unevenly under the high heat flow density load, so that the danger of tube explosion leakage and the like occurs, and the key technical problem of how to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the tube bank becomes the existing tower-type solar thermal power generation system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the ultra-supercritical solar tower type water working medium heat absorber which can heat water to an ultra-supercritical state and greatly improve the operation parameters and the power generation efficiency.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an ultra supercritical solar tower formula water working medium heat absorber which characterized in that includes: the heat absorption device comprises a heat absorption screen, a tube bank and a heat absorption medium; a plurality of mutually independent heat absorption screens are assembled to form a circle, the heat absorption screens absorb the heat of sunlight, so that a heat absorption medium filled in the heat absorption screens is heated and melted, and the heat absorption medium transfers the heat to the tube bank; the tube bank is immersed in the heat absorbing medium, and the outer wall of the tube bank and the immersion surface of the heat absorbing medium are used as heat transfer surfaces.
In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:
furthermore, the heat absorption screen is formed by splicing a heat absorption plate, an upper sealing plate, a side sealing plate, a cover plate and a lower sealing plate; the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate are arranged oppositely, the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate are provided with holes corresponding to the heat exchange tubes in the tube bank, the heat exchange tubes are fixed in the heat absorption screen, four surfaces between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate are respectively provided with a heat absorption plate, a cover plate and two side sealing plates, and sunlight is reflected to the heat absorption plate.
Further, the lower sealing plate is fixedly connected with the heat exchange tube, and the upper sealing plate is not fixedly connected with the heat exchange tube.
Furthermore, each heat absorption screen corresponds to a group of tube rows, each group of tube rows is composed of a plurality of heat exchange tubes, each heat exchange tube comprises a preheating tube and a superheating tube, and the preheating tubes and the superheating tubes are alternately arranged at intervals.
Furthermore, in each group of tube rows, the preheating tubes and the superheater tubes are arranged in a heat-carrying compensation mode, so that the preheating tubes are compensated beside each superheater tube, wherein the diameter of each superheater tube is larger than that of each preheating tube.
Furthermore, the plurality of groups of pipe rows are divided into two opposite sides along the circumferential direction, the preheating pipes on each side are mutually connected in series through preheating pipe header pipes to form a preheating pipe group, and the overheating pipes on each side are mutually connected in series through overheating pipe header pipes to form an overheating pipe group; the water under the ultra-supercritical pressure respectively passes through the preheating pipe groups on the two sides, saturated steam under the supercritical state is generated after the temperature is raised, the saturated steam is introduced into the overheating pipe group on the other side, and the overheated steam is output.
Furthermore, the material of the tube bank is P91 steel or P92 steel material.
Further, the heat absorbing medium is metallic tin.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
1) An indirect high-efficiency heat transfer mode is adopted, so that direct irradiation of sunlight is avoided, the problems of thermal fatigue, thermal ratchets and the like caused by thermal stress due to direct heat transfer are solved, and the service life of the heat absorber is prolonged;
2) The metal tin is used as an indirect heat transfer medium, and on one hand, the metal tin has high heat conductivity coefficient and can quickly transfer heat to the tube bank; on the other hand, the flowing metal tin can uniformly transfer heat to the tube rows, so that the heat absorption screen has excellent temperature equalization performance and can bear high heat flow density heat load;
3) The heat exchange tubes and the superheat tubes are arranged at intervals, so that after water is changed into steam, the heat transfer capacity is greatly reduced, the volume is expanded, the temperature is increased too fast, and the danger of tube explosion and the like caused by local overheating due to rapid temperature increase of the superheat tubes can be effectively prevented by adopting the heat-carrying compensation arrangement;
4) By adopting a low thermal stress technology, the tube bank is welded with the lower sealing plate of the heat absorption screen and is not welded with the upper sealing plate of the heat absorption screen, so that the heat exchange tube can be heated to freely expand and contract when heated, and the thermal stress is reduced;
5) The heat absorption screen is easy to realize standardization and modularization, each heat absorption screen is used as an independent heat absorption element, the heat absorption screen does not interfere with each other during working, maintenance and replacement can be carried out independently, the safety performance is better, and the maintenance and the assembly are convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic external view of the ultra-supercritical solar tower-type water working medium heat absorber of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of partial decomposition of the heat absorbing screen and filling of metal tin.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating the welding of the heat exchange tube and the upper and lower sealing plates according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a pipeline flow of the ultra-supercritical solar tower type water working medium heat absorber system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a heat carrier compensation type arrangement of preheat tubes and superheat tubes in a tube bank of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the flow direction of the preheating tubes in the tube bundle of the present invention.
The reference numbers are as follows: 1-heat absorption screen; 1.1-a heat absorber plate; 1.2-upper sealing plate; 1.3-side sealing plate; 1.4-cover plate; 1.5-lower sealing plate; 2-tube bank; 2.1-preheating tube; 2.2-preheating pipe header pipe; 2.3-a superheater header pipe; 2.4-superheater tubes; 3-heat absorbing medium.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The ultra-supercritical solar tower type water working medium heat absorber shown in figures 1 and 2 comprises heat absorption screens 1, tube banks 2 and heat absorption media 3, wherein the heat absorption screens 1 are mutually independent, and a plurality of heat absorption screens 1 are assembled to surround a circle. Sunlight is reflected and gathered on a heat absorbing plate 1.1 of the heat absorbing screen 1 through a heliostat field, a heat absorbing medium 3 in the heat absorbing screen 1 absorbs heat and is heated up to be melted, heat is uniformly transferred to a tube bank 2 immersed in the heat absorbing medium 3 through the heat absorbing medium 3, and heat is taken away by heat exchange fluid (water). The heat absorber adopts an indirect heat transfer mode, and can effectively solve the problems of thermal stress, thermal fatigue and the like caused by huge temperature difference caused by direct heat transfer.
As shown in figure 1, each heat absorption screen 1 works independently without influencing each other, can be detached and replaced independently when damaged and maintained, has better safety performance and stability performance in work, and reduces the maintenance cost to a great extent.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the heat absorption screen 1 is composed of a heat absorption plate 1.1, an upper seal plate 1.2, a side seal plate 1.3, a cover plate 1.4 and a lower seal plate 1.5; the heat absorbing panel 1 is filled with a heat absorbing medium 3, and the heat absorbing medium 3 can be metal tin, but is not limited to tin and mixtures of tin and other metals. When the heat absorber works, the metal tin is melted, the heat exchange tubes in the tube bank 2 are immersed in the metal tin, the wetting surfaces of the outer walls of the tubes and the liquid metal tin are used as heat transfer surfaces, a tin bath heat transfer mode is adopted, and the heat absorber has a temperature equalizing function. On one hand, the metal tin has high heat conductivity coefficient, and can stably enhance the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange tube; on the other hand, the flowing liquid metal tin can uniformly transfer heat to the heat exchange tube, so that the damage of local overheating and the like caused by the direct reflection of the gathered sunlight on the tube bank 2 is avoided.
As shown in fig. 3, the upper sealing plate 1.2 and the lower sealing plate 1.5 are provided with holes corresponding to the heat exchange tubes in the tube bank 2, and the heat exchange tubes are welded to the lower sealing plate 1.5 by adopting a low thermal stress technology, and the upper sealing plate 1.2 is not welded to the heat exchange tubes, so that the heat exchange tubes can be heated to freely expand and contract and expand, and the thermal stress is reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, each bank 2 is composed of a plurality of heat exchange tubes, which are divided into preheating tubes 2.1 and superheating tubes 2.4 according to the function, and the diameter of the superheating tubes 2.4 is larger than that of the preheating tubes 2.1. The preheating pipes 2.1 and the superheater pipes 2.4 are arranged in a heat-carrying compensation mode, so that the preheating pipes 2.1 are arranged beside each superheater pipe 2.4 for compensation. Because water becomes behind the steam, moves heat capacity greatly reduced, when the saturated steam that produces gets into superheater tube 2.4 and overheat, volume expansion, temperature rise very fast, adopts heat-carrying compensation type to arrange and can effectively prevent superheater tube 2.4 rapid heating up and arouse local overheat and take place danger such as tube explosion. The pipeline sealing performance of the whole system and the material of the pipeline have strict standards, and the pipe row 2 adopts the existing high-temperature-resistant pressure-bearing materials such as P91, P92 and the like.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the tube row 2 is divided into east and west sides (W1 to Wn, E1 to En), and the preheating tubes 2.1 and the superheating tubes 2.4 of each tube row 2 can be increased or decreased according to actual requirements; the pressure of water is increased to the ultra-supercritical pressure by a high-pressure water pump, the water enters from the first group of tube banks 2 on the east and west sides respectively, and is preheated by the preheating tubes 2.1 on each side, the preheating tube groups on each side are connected in series through the preheating tube header pipes 2.2, and the superheating tube groups on each side are also connected in series through the superheating tube header pipes 2.3; the water passes through the preheating pipes 2.1 in the n groups of pipe rows 2 on one side to generate saturated steam, and is continuously introduced into the overheating pipes 2.4 in the n groups of pipe rows 2 on the other side to be overheated to generate overheated steam for output, one part directly pushes the steam turbine to generate electricity, and the other part is matched with the energy storage system to store energy.
It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. used in the present invention are for clarity of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not limited by the technical contents of the essential changes.
The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions that fall under the spirit of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an ultra supercritical solar tower formula water working medium heat absorber which characterized in that includes: the heat absorption device comprises a heat absorption screen (1), a tube bank (2) and a heat absorption medium (3); a plurality of mutually independent heat absorption screens (1) are assembled to form a circle, the heat absorption screens (1) absorb the heat of sunlight, so that a heat absorption medium (3) filled in the heat absorption screens (1) is heated and melted, and the heat absorption medium (3) transfers the heat to the tube bank (2); the tube bank (2) is immersed in the heat-absorbing medium (3), and the outer wall of the tube bank (2) and the infiltration surface of the heat-absorbing medium (3) are used as heat transfer surfaces.
2. The ultra-supercritical solar tower-type water working medium heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: the heat absorption screen (1) is formed by splicing a heat absorption plate (1.1), an upper sealing plate (1.2), side sealing plates (1.3), a cover plate (1.4) and a lower sealing plate (1.5); the upper sealing plate (1.2) and the lower sealing plate (1.5) are arranged oppositely, holes corresponding to heat exchange tubes in the tube bank (2) are formed in the upper sealing plate (1.2) and the lower sealing plate (1.5), the heat exchange tubes are fixed in the heat absorption screen (1), four surfaces between the upper sealing plate (1.2) and the lower sealing plate (1.5) are respectively provided with the heat absorption plate (1.1), the cover plate (1.4) and the two side sealing plates (1.3), and sunlight is reflected to the heat absorption plate (1.1).
3. The ultra-supercritical solar tower-type water working medium heat absorber of claim 2, wherein: the lower sealing plate (1.5) is fixedly connected with the heat exchange tube, and the upper sealing plate (1.2) is not fixedly connected with the heat exchange tube.
4. The ultra-supercritical solar tower-type water working medium heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: every heat absorption screen (1) is corresponding to a set of bank of tubes (2), and every bank of tubes (2) comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange tube includes preheating tube (2.1) and superheater tube (2.4), preheating tube (2.1) and superheater tube (2.4) are arranged at interval in turn.
5. The ultra-supercritical solar tower-type water working medium heat absorber of claim 4, wherein: in each group of tube rows (2), the preheating tubes (2.1) and the superheater tubes (2.4) are arranged in a heat-carrying compensation mode, so that the preheating tubes (2.1) are arranged beside each superheater tube (2.4) for compensation, wherein the diameter of each superheater tube (2.4) is larger than that of each preheating tube (2.1).
6. The ultra-supercritical solar tower-type water working medium heat absorber of claim 4, wherein: the plurality of groups of pipe rows (2) are divided into two opposite sides along the circumferential direction, the preheating pipes (2.1) on each side are mutually connected in series through preheating pipe header pipes (2.2) to form preheating pipe groups, and the overheating pipes (2.4) on each side are mutually connected in series through overheating pipe header pipes (2.3) to form overheating pipe groups; the water under the ultra-supercritical pressure respectively passes through the preheating pipe groups on the two sides, saturated steam under the supercritical state is generated after the temperature is raised, the saturated steam is introduced into the overheating pipe group on the other side, and the overheated steam is output.
7. The ultra-supercritical solar tower-type water working medium heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: the tube row (2) is made of P91 steel or P92 steel material.
8. The ultra-supercritical solar tower-type water working medium heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: the heat absorbing medium (3) is metallic tin.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210881479.9A CN115183476A (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Ultra-supercritical solar tower type water working medium heat absorber |
PCT/CN2022/122152 WO2024021296A1 (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-09-28 | Ultra-supercritical solar tower-type water working medium heat absorber |
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CN202210881479.9A CN115183476A (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Ultra-supercritical solar tower type water working medium heat absorber |
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CN202210881479.9A Pending CN115183476A (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Ultra-supercritical solar tower type water working medium heat absorber |
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WO (1) | WO2024021296A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115521085A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2022-12-27 | 南京工业大学 | Tower type solar high-temperature air cement raw material decomposition system and method |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102840680B (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2015-03-04 | 杭州锅炉集团股份有限公司 | Solar heat absorber with topside heat absorbing structure |
CN106568213A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-04-19 | 李渊 | Solar energy storing heat collector and solar heat collecting system |
CN111102142A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-05-05 | 西安理工大学 | Tower type solar thermal power generation system based on supercritical fluid |
CN112856832B (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2022-04-08 | 南京工业大学 | Novel flat plate type heat absorber for solar tower type power generation and system using same |
CN114353345B (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-06-02 | 南京工业大学 | Ultra-supercritical tower type solar heat absorber |
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2022
- 2022-07-26 CN CN202210881479.9A patent/CN115183476A/en active Pending
- 2022-09-28 WO PCT/CN2022/122152 patent/WO2024021296A1/en unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115521085A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2022-12-27 | 南京工业大学 | Tower type solar high-temperature air cement raw material decomposition system and method |
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