CN114752947A - Preparation method of high-activity and high-stability supported oxygen evolution catalyst - Google Patents

Preparation method of high-activity and high-stability supported oxygen evolution catalyst Download PDF

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CN114752947A
CN114752947A CN202210376421.9A CN202210376421A CN114752947A CN 114752947 A CN114752947 A CN 114752947A CN 202210376421 A CN202210376421 A CN 202210376421A CN 114752947 A CN114752947 A CN 114752947A
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CN114752947B (en
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王新磊
张显
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Shanghai Shengshui New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
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    • C25B1/04Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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    • C25B11/051Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/073Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
    • C25B11/091Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
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    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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    • C25B11/051Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/073Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
    • C25B11/091Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
    • C25B11/097Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds comprising two or more noble metals or noble metal alloys

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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a supported oxygen evolution catalyst with high activity and stability, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a Pt NPs @ MXene carrier, namely uniformly dispersing monolayer MXene powder in an aqueous solution, adding the monolayer MXene powder into a precursor solution containing Pt precious metal, wherein the mass fraction of the precious metal Pt is 10 wt%, and adding a reducing agent to uniformly reduce the Pt on an MXene nanosheet to obtain the Pt NPs @ MXene carrier; 2) compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the monatomic catalyst has the following beneficial effects: the problem of agglomeration in the loading process of the noble metal is solved, and the loading capacity and the stability are improved. The preparation method of the catalyst provided by the invention is mainly characterized in that a layer of 2-3nm Pt NPs is loaded on a carrier MXene to obtain the catalyst Pt NPs @ MXene, and the main function of the catalyst Pt NPs @ MXene is to isolate Ir single atoms and avoid the Ir single atoms from agglomerating. In addition, an Ir atom is anchored on porphyrin or phenanthroline to solve the agglomeration of the Ir atom, and then the Ir atom is loaded with Pt NPs @ MXene and annealed at high temperature to form an Ir single atom.

Description

Preparation method of high-activity and high-stability supported oxygen evolution catalyst
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of catalysts, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a supported Ir SAC @ Pt NPs @ MXene oxygen evolution catalyst with high activity and stability.
Background
The electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen (2H2O → O2+2H2) is a method for effectively obtaining clean energy and is receiving much attention in the scientific community. Wherein, the oxygen evolution reaction (2H2O → 4H + O2+4e-) is a 4-electron electrochemical reaction process formed by O-H bond breakage and O-O bond, the chemical kinetics of the process is slow, the efficiency is low (higher overpotential is shown), and therefore, the introduction of the catalyst effectively reduces the overpotential and accelerates the reaction process.
The supported noble metal catalyst is an important catalytic material, and plays an important role in industrial production because the supported noble metal catalyst can effectively reduce the production cost and retain excellent catalytic activity. Research shows that the distribution and size of the noble metal catalyst supported on the carrier directly affect the catalytic activity of the noble metal catalyst. For the traditional supported noble metal catalyst, the noble metal nano particles are not uniform in size, and the exposed crystal faces are different, so that the catalyst has different selectivity on reactants or products, and in the monatomic catalyst, the active sites are noble metal monatomics, so that the catalyst has a single structure and can show excellent catalytic activity. On the other hand, the single-atom catalyst has the maximum atom utilization rate because the noble metal achieves atomic dispersion, and has higher economic value compared with the traditional supported nano catalyst. The currently reported monatomic catalyst is relatively difficult to prepare, the mass fraction of the noble metal is more than 0.5%, if the loading amount of the noble metal is increased, noble metal nano-particles are difficult to avoid in the catalyst, and the monatomic or atomic cluster which is weakly combined with the carrier has high surface energy, is easy to migrate, agglomerate and sinter at high temperature, and needs to form effective interaction with the carrier to ensure the stability of the catalyst. Therefore, how to prepare a noble metal monatomic catalyst with high content and high stability and apply the noble metal monatomic catalyst to industrial production is a great challenge.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a supported oxygen evolution catalyst with high activity and stability, and solves the problems in the background technology.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a supported oxygen evolution catalyst with high activity and stability comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of Pt NPs @ MXene vector:
taking single-layer MXene powder, uniformly dispersing the single-layer MXene powder in an aqueous solution, adding the single-layer MXene powder into a precursor solution containing Pt noble metal, wherein the mass fraction of the noble metal Pt is 10 wt%, adding a reducing agent to uniformly reduce the Pt on MXene nano-sheets to obtain Pt NPs @ MXene carriers;
2) preparation of the monatomic catalyst
Firstly anchoring Ir atoms on an organic ligand, then loading the Ir atoms on a first carrier, obtaining solid powder through freeze drying, and calcining the solid powder for 2 hours at 700 ℃ under inert atmosphere to obtain the monatomic catalyst with the mass percentage content of the noble metal Ir of 0.5-2 wt%.
As a preferred embodiment, the Pt precursor in the step (1) is chloroplatinic acid, platinum tetrachloride, platinum acetylacetonate, or a combination thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the Ir atom in step (2) is complexed with an organic ligand, which is immobilized on the organic ligand to prevent the Ir atom from agglomerating to form Ir NPs.
In a preferred embodiment, the organic ligand in step (2) is porphyrin or phthalocyanine.
In a preferred embodiment, the monatomic catalyst is a conductive two-dimensional nanosheet as a support, and the Ir noble metal is supported on the support in an atomically dispersed form.
The monatomic catalyst is a supported catalyst, the carrier is a two-dimensional nanosheet material MXene, the carrier is excellent in electric conduction and large in specific surface area, and MXene Ti is preferable3C2TxThe noble metal components are Ir and Pt, the main active part of the noble metal components is Ir, the Pt plays the roles of electric conduction and anchoring, the mass fraction of the noble metal Pt loaded on the carrier is preferably 10 wt%, and the mass fraction of the Ir is 0.5-2 wt%.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the problem of agglomeration in the noble metal loading process is solved, and the loading capacity and the stability are improved. The preparation method of the catalyst provided by the invention is mainly characterized in that a layer of 2-3nm PtNPs is loaded on a carrier MXene to obtain the catalyst Pt NPs @ MXene, and the main function is to isolate Ir single atoms and avoid the agglomeration of the Ir single atoms. In addition, an Ir atom is anchored on porphyrin or phenanthroline to solve the agglomeration of the Ir atom, and then the Ir atom is loaded with Pt NPs @ MXene and annealed at high temperature to form an Ir single atom.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a preparation method of a supported Ir SAC @ Pt NPs @ MXene oxygen evolution catalyst with high activity and stability is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dipping a single-layer MXene powder carrier in a precursor solution of an active component Pt with a certain content, wherein the precursor is a chloride of a noble metal, the weight percentage of the noble metal is 10-20 wt%, and stirring for 2 hours after ultrasonic dispersion;
adding a reducing agent into the solution, stirring, filtering, washing, and freeze-drying;
dispersing organic ligands (porphyrin, phthalocyanine and the like) in a solvent, then adding a precursor of Ir, stirring, adding the obtained product, controlling the mass percent of Ir to be 0.5-2 wt%, and performing freeze drying after uniform ultrasonic dispersion to obtain an intermediate product containing Ir;
And carrying out high-temperature annealing treatment on the obtained intermediate product containing Ir to obtain a catalyst Ir SAC @ Pt NPs @ MXene containing Ir single atom.
As an embodiment of the present invention: example 1
(1) Soaking 50mg of single-layer MXene Ti3C2 powder carrier in 50mL of aqueous solution containing 13.2mg of chloroplatinic acid, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and stirring for 2 hours;
(2) adding 6.6mg of sodium citrate and 10mL of formic acid reducing agent into the system, stirring for 48h in a water bath kettle at 30 ℃, filtering, washing for 2-3 times by using deionized water, and then freeze-drying;
(3) dispersing 2.0mg of organic ligand porphyrin in a proper amount of water, then adding 0.46mg of iridium chloride precursor, stirring for 12 hours at 80 ℃, cooling to room temperature, adding the product obtained in the step (2), controlling the mass percent of Ir to be 0.5 wt%, performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly, and performing freeze drying to obtain an intermediate product containing Ir;
(4) and carrying out high-temperature annealing treatment on the obtained intermediate product containing Ir. Under the protection of Ar gas atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 2h from the temperature rise rate of 2 ℃/min to 700 ℃ to obtain the catalyst Ir SAC @ Pt NPs @ MXene-0.5 containing Ir single atom.
Example 2
Step (1) and step (2) in example 1 were repeated;
dispersing 4.0mg of organic ligand porphyrin in a proper amount of water, then adding 0.92mg of iridium chloride precursor, stirring for 12 hours at 80 ℃, cooling to room temperature, adding the product obtained in the step (2), controlling the mass percent of Ir to be 1.0 wt%, performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly, and performing freeze drying to obtain an intermediate product containing Ir;
And carrying out high-temperature annealing treatment on the obtained intermediate product containing Ir. Under the protection of Ar gas atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 1h from the temperature rise rate of 2 ℃/min to 600 ℃ to obtain the Ir SAC @ Pt NPs @ MXene-1.0 catalyst containing Ir monoatomic atoms.
Example 3
The steps (1) and (2) in example 1 were repeated;
dispersing 8.0mg of organic ligand porphyrin in a proper amount of water, then adding 1.84mg of iridium chloride precursor, stirring at 80 ℃ for 12 hours, cooling to room temperature, adding the product obtained in the step (2), controlling the mass percent of Ir to be 2.0 wt%, performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly, and then performing freeze drying to obtain an intermediate product containing Ir;
and carrying out high-temperature annealing treatment on the obtained intermediate product containing Ir. And (3) under the protection of Ar gas atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 1h from the temperature rise rate of 2 ℃/min to 600 ℃ to obtain the Ir SAC @ Pt NPs @ MXene-2.0 catalyst containing Ir monoatomic atoms.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the organic ligand porphyrin is replaced by phthalocyanine in equal amount.
Example 5
Different from example 2, the organic ligand porphyrin was replaced by phthalocyanine in equal amount.
Example 6
The difference from example 3 is that the organic ligand porphyrin is replaced by phthalocyanine in equal amount.
The test procedure was as follows:
A Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) is assembled for testing, the catalyst prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example is dripped on a working Electrode, CV testing conditions are that the electrolyte is 0.5M H2SO4 aqueous solution saturated by N2, the potential range of the reversible hydrogen Electrode is 0V-1.4V, and the scanning speed is 100 mV/s; the oxygen evolution test conditions were O2 saturated 0.5M H2SO4 in water with an electrolyte, a potential range of 1.2V to 1.8V relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode, and a scanning speed of 5 mV/s.
The RDE test results are shown in table 1:
Figure BDA0003579055720000061
as can be seen from Table 1, compared with the catalysts of comparative examples 1-2, the catalysts of examples 1-6 have higher electrochemical activity area, quality activity and stability, which shows that the nanoparticles in the catalysts of examples 1-6 are more stable and arranged more regularly, so that the catalytic activity and stability are both good.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A preparation method of a supported oxygen evolution catalyst with high activity and stability is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Preparation of Pt NPs @ MXene vector:
uniformly dispersing monolayer MXene powder in an aqueous solution, adding the aqueous solution into a precursor solution containing Pt noble metal, wherein the mass fraction of the noble metal Pt is 10 wt%, and adding a reducing agent to uniformly reduce the Pt on MXene nano-sheets to obtain Pt NPs @ MXene carriers;
2) preparation of the monatomic catalyst
Firstly anchoring Ir atoms on an organic ligand, then loading the Ir atoms on a first carrier, and calcining solid powder obtained by freeze drying at 700 ℃ for 2 hours under inert atmosphere to obtain the monatomic catalyst with the mass percentage content of the noble metal Ir of 0.5-2 wt%.
2. The method of claim 1 for preparing a supported oxygen evolution catalyst with high activity and stability, wherein: in the step (1), the Pt precursor is chloroplatinic acid, platinum tetrachloride, platinum acetylacetonate and a combination thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 for preparing a supported oxygen evolution catalyst with high activity and stability, wherein: and (3) complexing the Ir atom and the organic ligand in the step (2), and fixing the Ir atom and the organic ligand to prevent the Ir atom from agglomerating to form Ir NPs.
4. A process for the preparation of a highly active and stable supported oxygen evolution catalyst as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the organic ligand in the step (2) is porphyrin or phthalocyanine.
5. The method of claim 1 for preparing a supported oxygen evolution catalyst with high activity and stability, wherein: the monatomic catalyst takes a conductive two-dimensional nanosheet as a carrier, and the Ir noble metal is loaded on the carrier in an atomically dispersed manner.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN115569147A (en) * 2022-09-29 2023-01-06 浙江瑞邦药业股份有限公司 Preparation method and application of platinum monatomic supported MXene nanosheet

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CN110404532A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-11-05 北京邮电大学 A kind of method that wet-chemical polishing prepares noble metal cluster or monatomic catalyst
CN110665546A (en) * 2019-09-03 2020-01-10 北京氦舶科技有限责任公司 Noble metal/amino MOFs selective hydrogenation catalyst, preparation method and application thereof
CN111545229A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-08-18 北京邮电大学 Method for preparing MXene supported noble metal catalyst by ultrasonic-assisted method
CN112264062A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-01-26 兰州交通大学 Preparation and application of monatomic platinum catalyst based on MXene quantum dots
US10967363B1 (en) * 2017-10-16 2021-04-06 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Two-dimensional metal carbide catalyst

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10967363B1 (en) * 2017-10-16 2021-04-06 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Two-dimensional metal carbide catalyst
CN110404532A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-11-05 北京邮电大学 A kind of method that wet-chemical polishing prepares noble metal cluster or monatomic catalyst
CN110665546A (en) * 2019-09-03 2020-01-10 北京氦舶科技有限责任公司 Noble metal/amino MOFs selective hydrogenation catalyst, preparation method and application thereof
CN111545229A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-08-18 北京邮电大学 Method for preparing MXene supported noble metal catalyst by ultrasonic-assisted method
CN112264062A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-01-26 兰州交通大学 Preparation and application of monatomic platinum catalyst based on MXene quantum dots

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115569147A (en) * 2022-09-29 2023-01-06 浙江瑞邦药业股份有限公司 Preparation method and application of platinum monatomic supported MXene nanosheet

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