CN114674186A - Tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole undermining method - Google Patents
Tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole undermining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114674186A CN114674186A CN202210236993.7A CN202210236993A CN114674186A CN 114674186 A CN114674186 A CN 114674186A CN 202210236993 A CN202210236993 A CN 202210236993A CN 114674186 A CN114674186 A CN 114674186A
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation eye cutting method, which comprises the following steps: step A: arranging blast hole groups on a driving working surface of a tunnel shaft to be excavated; the blast hole group consists of a central hollow hole, a central secondary cut hole, an alignment hole, a caving hole and a peripheral hole; an included angle alpha between the collimation hole cut hole and the tunneling working face is 75-88 degrees, and the horizontal distance between the central hollow hole and the collimation hole cut hole is gradually increased from bottom to top; on the heading face: a central hollow hole, a central secondary cut hole, a collimation hole cut hole, a collapse hole and a peripheral hole are sequentially arranged from the center of a shaft of the tunnel shaft to be excavated to the outside; and B: and charging the central secondary cut hole, the alignment hole cut hole, the caving hole and the peripheral hole and detonating. By adopting the method, the cleanliness of the groove cavity after blasting is high, the throwing distance is small, the concentration of blasting piles is high, and the explosive consumption is small compared with deep hole blasting undermining methods for other tunnel shafts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep hole blasting. In particular to a method for tunneling a quasi-straight hole and a cut by deep hole blasting of a tunnel shaft.
Background
In the tunnel construction process, in order to shorten the construction period, a vertical shaft is usually required to be excavated to increase the construction working surface; in addition, in the long-distance tunnel, in order to realize segmented ventilation, the most important means is to arrange a ventilation shaft. At present, most of tunnel shaft excavation is carried out by adopting a blasting excavation mode.
The construction efficiency of the tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling is closely related to the cut method, the diameter of blast holes, the depth of the blast holes, the loading amount, the construction environmental conditions and the like. The existing channeling method mostly adopts straight-hole channeling, because the influence of objective factors such as construction conditions, rock properties and the like is large, the selection of channeling parameters has great blindness, in an engineering project, reasonable channeling parameters can be obtained through long-time exploration, so that the blasting effect is not ideal due to unreasonable design of channeling parameters, the problems that broken rocks are thrown too far, construction equipment is easy to collapse, broken rocks cannot be completely thrown and the like often occur in the deep-hole blasting of the tunnel shaft, and the construction effect can be achieved only through sectional multiple blasting for the deep-hole blasting of the tunnel shaft, so that the construction efficiency is low, the explosive consumption is large, the construction cost is high, the multiple blasting has strong disturbance on surrounding rocks, and the construction safety risk is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling quasi-straight hole undermining method which can perform one-time continuous blasting and has small explosive consumption, complete broken rock throwing after blasting and concentrated blasting piles, so as to solve the problems of large deep hole blasting explosive consumption, incomplete broken rock throwing after blasting or overlarge throwing distance and the like during tunnel shaft tunneling.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole undermining method comprises the following steps:
step A: arranging blast hole groups on a driving working surface of a vertical shaft of a tunnel to be excavated; the blast hole group consists of a central hollow hole, a central secondary cut hole, an alignment hole, a caving hole and a peripheral hole; on the heading face: the central hollow hole, the central secondary cut hole, the collimation hole cut hole, the caving hole and the peripheral hole are sequentially arranged from the center of the shaft of the tunnel shaft to be excavated to the outside; and an included angle alpha between the collimation hole cut hole and the tunneling working face is 75-88 degrees, and the horizontal distance between the central hollow hole and the collimation hole cut hole is gradually increased from bottom to top.
And B, step B: and charging the central secondary cut hole, the alignment hole cut holes, the caving holes and the peripheral holes and detonating.
In the deep hole blasting excavation collimation hole undermining method for the tunnel shaft, in the step A, the central hollow hole, the central secondary undermining hole, the caving hole and the peripheral holes are all perpendicular to the excavation working face.
The tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole undermining method comprises the following steps of: the central hollow hole is positioned in the center of the shaft, the central secondary cut holes are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, the alignment hole cut holes are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, the caving holes are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, the peripheral holes are also distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, and the radiuses of the circles where the central secondary cut holes, the alignment hole cut holes, the caving holes and the peripheral holes are positioned are sequentially increased;
the collapse holes consist of first collapse holes, second collapse holes, third collapse holes and fourth collapse holes; on the heading face: the first caving holes are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, the second caving holes are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, the third caving holes are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, the fourth caving holes are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, and the radiuses of the circles where the first caving holes, the second caving holes, the third caving holes and the fourth caving holes are located are sequentially increased.
According to the tunnel shaft deep hole blasting excavation collimation hole cut method, the number of the central hollow holes is 1, the number of the central secondary cut holes is 4, the number of the collimation hole cut holes is 8, the number of the first collapse holes is 12, the number of the second collapse holes is 18, the number of the third collapse holes is 22, the number of the fourth collapse holes is 34, and the number of the peripheral holes is 32;
on the heading face: on a connecting line between the central empty hole and 1 of the peripheral holes, 1 collimating hole, 1 first collapsing hole, 1 second collapsing hole, 1 third collapsing hole and 1 fourth collapsing hole are sequentially distributed along the direction from the central empty hole to the peripheral holes; and the central secondary cut holes are distributed on connecting lines between the central hollow hole and the 1 collimation hole cut holes.
According to the tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole undermining method, in the step B, the charging mode is reverse charging; the medicine loading amount of the central secondary cut hole is 1.2 kg/hole; the loading amount of the collimation hole cut hole and the first collapse hole is 3.6 kg/hole; the drug loading of the second collapse hole is 3.4 kg/hole; the drug loading of the third collapse hole is 3.2 kg/hole; the medicine loading amount of the fourth collapse hole is 3.0 kg/hole; the loading of the peripheral holes was 1.8 kg/hole.
According to the tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole cut method, a non-electric blasting tube is adopted to sequentially blast according to the sequence of the collimation hole cut hole, the center secondary cut hole, the first collapse hole, the second collapse hole, the third collapse hole, the fourth collapse hole and the peripheral holes.
The tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole undermining method comprises the following steps of: all the central secondary undermining holes are connected in series, all the alignment hole holes are connected in series, all the first caving holes are connected in series, all the second caving holes are connected in series, all the third caving holes are connected in series, all the fourth caving holes are connected in series, and all the peripheral holes are connected in series; the central secondary cut hole, the collimation hole cut hole, the first collapse hole, the second collapse hole, the third collapse hole, the fourth collapse hole and the peripheral holes are connected in a parallel mode.
The tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole undermining method comprises the following steps of: the distance between every two adjacent central secondary cut holes is 635mm, the distance between every two adjacent collimation hole cut holes is 690mm, the distance between every two adjacent first collapse holes is 932mm, the distance between every two adjacent second collapse holes is 938mm, the distance between every two adjacent third collapse holes is 1053mm, the distance between every two adjacent fourth collapse holes is 830mm, and the distance between every two adjacent peripheral holes is 980 mm; and the distance between the centers of the peripheral holes and the wall of the vertical shaft to be excavated is 300 mm.
The tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole undermining method comprises the following steps of: the radius of the circle of central inferior cut hole place is 318mm, the radius of the circle of collimation eye cut hole place is 900mm, the radius of the circle of first collapse hole place is 1800mm, the radius of the circle of second collapse hole place is 2700mm, the radius of the circle of third collapse hole place is 3700mm, the radius of the circle of fourth collapse hole place is 4500mm, the radius of the circle of all peripheral holes place is 5000 mm.
According to the tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole cut method, the vertical depth of the central hollow hole, the central secondary cut hole, the collimation hole cut hole, the caving hole and the peripheral hole is 4.5m, and the aperture is 42 mm.
The technical scheme of the invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:
by adopting the tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling quasi-straight hole undermining method of the embodiment, the quasi-straight hole undermining hole, the central hollow hole, the central secondary undermining hole, the caving hole and the peripheral holes are matched with one another, and blasting parameters such as blast hole arrangement mode, explosive loading amount, detonation sequence and the like are reasonably designed, so that the undermining blast hole can effectively utilize the stress concentration effect of the hollow hole in the blasting process, and the advantages of the quasi-straight hole undermining hole and the straight hole undermining hole are fully exerted; after blasting, the cleanliness of the cavity is high, the throwing distance of the crushed stones is small, construction equipment and a supporting structure cannot be damaged, the concentration of blasting piles is high, and the blasting piles are easy to clean; compared with other tunnel shaft deep hole blasting cut methods, the explosive consumption is low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of arrangement of blast hole groups in a tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole undermining method in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a cross section diagram of arrangement of blast hole groups in the method for tunneling the quasi-straight-hole undercutting through the deep hole blasting of the tunnel shaft in the embodiment of the invention.
In fig. 1, 1 to 131 respectively indicate the number of blast holes; reference numerals in fig. 2 denote: 1-a central void; 2-central secondary cut hole; 3-collimating the hole and cutting; 4-a first breakup hole; 5-a second breakup hole; 6-third breakout hole; 7-a fourth breakout hole; 8-peripheral holes; 9-waiting to excavate the shaft wall.
Detailed Description
The tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation eye cutting method comprises the following steps:
step A: arranging blast hole groups on a driving working surface of a vertical shaft of a tunnel to be excavated; the blast hole group consists of a central hollow hole 1, a central secondary cut hole 2, a collimation hole cut hole 3, a collapse hole and a peripheral hole 8; on the heading face: the central hollow hole 1, the central secondary cut hole 2, the collimation hole cut hole 3, the caving hole and the peripheral hole 8 are sequentially arranged from the center of the shaft of the tunnel shaft to be excavated to the outside; in this embodiment, the central hollow hole 1, the central secondary cut hole 2, the caving holes and the peripheral holes 8 are all perpendicular to the driving face; an included angle alpha between the collimation hole cut hole 3 and the tunneling working face is 85 degrees, and the horizontal distance between the central hollow hole 1 and the collimation hole cut hole 2 is gradually increased from bottom to top; in this embodiment, the vertical depth of the central hollow hole 1, the central secondary cut hole 2, the collimation hole cut hole 3, the collapse hole and the peripheral hole 8 is 4.5m, and the aperture is 42mm, as shown in table 1 and fig. 2.
Fig. 1 is a plan view of arrangement of blast hole groups in the method for tunneling a quasi-straight-hole undermining in tunnel shaft deep hole blasting in this embodiment. In fig. 1, on the heading face: the central hollow holes 1 are positioned in the center of the shaft, the central secondary cut holes 2 are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of the circle at equal intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent central secondary cut holes 2 is 635 mm; the collimation hole cut holes 3 are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of the circle at equal intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent collimation hole cut holes 3 is 690mm (the distance refers to the distance between every two adjacent collimation hole cut holes 3 at the top hole of the collimation hole cut holes 3); the collapse holes are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the circle center at equal intervals, the peripheral holes 8 are also distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the circle center at equal intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent peripheral holes 8 is 980 mm; the distance between the center of the peripheral hole 8 and the vertical shaft wall 9 to be excavated is 300 mm; the radiuses of circles where the central secondary cut hole 2, the collimation hole cut holes 3, the caving holes and the peripheral holes 8 are located are sequentially increased;
1 central hollow hole 1, 4 central secondary cut holes 2, 8 collimation hole cut holes 3 and 32 peripheral holes 8; the breakup holes consist of 12 first breakup holes 4, 18 second breakup holes 5, 22 third breakup holes 6 and 34 fourth breakup holes 7; on the heading face: the 12 first collapse holes 4 are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent first collapse holes 4 is 932 mm; the 18 second collapse holes 5 are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of the circle at equal intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent second collapse holes 5 is 938 mm; the 22 third collapse holes 6 are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of the circle at equal intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent third collapse holes 6 is 1053 mm; the 34 fourth caving holes 7 are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent fourth caving holes 7 is 830 mm; the radii of circles where the first, second, third and fourth breakup holes 4, 5, 6 and 7 are located are sequentially increased;
In fig. 2, on the heading face: the radius of the circle where the central secondary cut hole 2 is located is 318mm, the radius of the circle where the collimating-hole cut hole 3 is located is 900mm (here, the radius of the hole at the top of the collimating-hole cut hole 3 is referred to), the radius of the circle where the first breakout hole 4 is located is 1800mm, the radius of the circle where the second breakout hole 5 is located is 2700mm, the radius of the circle where the third breakout hole 6 is located is 3700mm, the radius of the circle where the fourth breakout hole 7 is 4500mm, and the radius of the circle where the peripheral hole 8 is located is 5000 mm.
On the heading face: on a connecting line between the central empty hole 1 and 1 of the peripheral holes 8, 1 of the collimation hole cut holes 3, 1 of the first collapse holes 4, 1 of the second collapse holes 5, 1 of the third collapse holes 6 and 1 of the fourth collapse holes 7 are sequentially distributed along the direction from the central empty hole 1 to the peripheral holes 8; and the central secondary cut holes 2 are distributed on the connecting line between the central hollow hole 1 and the 1 collimation hole cut holes 3.
And B: and charging the central secondary cut hole 2, the alignment hole cut holes 3, the caving holes and the peripheral holes 8, and detonating. As shown in table 1, the charging mode was reverse charging; the medicine loading amount of the central secondary cut hole 2 is 1.2 kg/hole; the loading amount of the collimation hole cut hole 3 and the first collapse hole 4 is 3.6 kg/hole; the drug loading of the second collapse holes 5 is 3.4 kg/hole; the drug loading of the third collapse hole 6 is 3.2 kg/hole; the medicine loading of the fourth collapse hole 7 is 3.0 kg/hole; the loading of the peripheral holes 8 was 1.8 kg/hole.
During detonation: all the central secondary cut holes 2 are connected in series, all the alignment hole cut holes 3 are connected in series, all the first collapse holes 4 are connected in series, all the second collapse holes 5 are connected in series, all the third collapse holes 6 are connected in series, all the fourth collapse holes 7 are connected in series, and all the peripheral holes 8 are connected in series; the central secondary cut hole 2, the collimation hole cut hole 3, the first collapse hole 4, the second collapse hole 5, the third collapse hole 6, the fourth collapse hole 7 and the peripheral holes 8 are connected in parallel.
In this embodiment, non-electrical-conductive blasting is adopted to sequentially blast the collimation hole cut hole 3, the central secondary cut hole 2, the first caving hole 4, the second caving hole 5, the third caving hole 6, the fourth caving hole 7 and the peripheral hole 8 in this order.
Table 1 blasting parameter table
In the embodiment, the vertical depths of all blast holes are the same, a central hollow hole 1 (namely a hole 1# in figure 1) is positioned in the center of a shaft of a vertical shaft of a tunnel to be excavated, and is vertically tunneled, and explosive is not filled; a central secondary cut hole 2 (namely a hole 2# to 5# in the figure 1) is vertically tunneled, only a small amount of explosive is filled at the bottom of a blast hole, and the initiation sequence is II sections of non-electric detonating tubes; the included angle α between the collimating hole cut holes 3 (i.e. holes # 6 to # 13 in fig. 1) and the horizontal direction is 85 ° (in some other embodiments, α may be any value between 75 ° and 88 °), when the collimating hole cut holes at this angle are tunneled, the drilling operation is convenient, the angle is easy to control, the loading length is about 70% of the blast hole length, and the initiation sequence is a section i non-conductive blast pipe.
The advantage of this kind of undercutting method of this embodiment is: (1) because the center hollow hole is not filled with explosive and only a small amount of explosive is filled at the bottom of the center secondary cut hole, the density of the hollow holes in the cavity of the whole cut hole is higher, the stress concentration effect of the hollow holes is more prominent during detonation, and the blasting effect is good;
(2) when the collimating hole cut holes 3 are detonated, the hole effect of the upper portions of the central hole 1 and the central secondary cut holes 2 can be fully utilized, lateral free surfaces are provided due to the holes, rock breaking by reflection tensile waves is facilitated, penetration cracks are formed more easily in the 45-degree angle direction, and the blasting effect is good;
(3) after the collimation hole cut hole 3 is blasted, most of the rock in the cut cavity is crushed and thrown out, and when the central secondary cut hole 2 is detonated, the rock which is not blasted at the bottom of the cut cavity can be crushed and thrown, so that a clean cut cavity is provided for the blasting of subsequent caving holes and peripheral holes.
(4) By adopting the tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling quasi-straight hole undermining method of the embodiment, the quasi-straight hole undermining hole, the central hollow hole, the central secondary undermining hole, the caving hole and the peripheral holes are matched with one another, and blasting parameters such as blast hole arrangement mode, explosive loading amount, detonation sequence and the like are reasonably designed, so that the undermining blast hole can effectively utilize the stress concentration effect of the hollow hole in the blasting process, and the advantages of the quasi-straight hole undermining hole and the straight hole undermining hole are fully exerted; after blasting, the cleanliness of the cavity is high, the throwing distance of the crushed stones is small, construction equipment and a supporting structure cannot be damaged, the concentration of blasting piles is high, and the blasting piles are easy to clean; compared with other tunnel shaft deep hole blasting undermining methods, the explosive consumption is low.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the claims of this patent.
Claims (10)
1. The tunnel shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation hole undermining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A: arranging blast hole groups on a driving working surface of a vertical shaft of a tunnel to be excavated; the blast hole group consists of a central hollow hole (1), a central secondary cut hole (2), a collimation hole cut hole (3), a collapse hole and a peripheral hole (8); on the heading face: the central hollow hole (1), the central secondary cut hole (2), the alignment hole cut hole (3), the caving hole and the peripheral hole (8) are arranged outwards in sequence from the shaft center of the tunnel shaft to be excavated; an included angle alpha between the collimation hole cut hole (3) and the tunneling working face is 75-88 degrees, and the horizontal distance between the central hollow hole (1) and the collimation hole cut hole (2) is gradually increased from bottom to top;
And B, step B: and charging the central secondary cut hole (2), the alignment hole (3), the collapse holes and the peripheral holes (8) and detonating.
2. The tunneling shaft deep hole blasting excavation collimation eye cut method according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the step A, the central hollow hole (1), the central secondary cut hole (2), the caving holes and the peripheral holes (8) are all perpendicular to the excavation working face.
3. The tunneling shaft deep hole blasting tunneling collimation eye undercutting method according to claim 2, wherein on the tunneling working face: the central hollow hole (1) is positioned in the center of the shaft, the central secondary cut holes (2) are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of the circle at equal intervals, the alignment hole cut holes (3) are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of the circle at equal intervals, the caving holes are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of the circle at equal intervals, the peripheral holes (8) are also distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of the circle at equal intervals, and the radiuses of the circles where the central secondary cut holes (2), the alignment hole cut holes (3), the caving holes and the peripheral holes (8) are positioned are sequentially increased;
the collapse holes consist of a first collapse hole (4), a second collapse hole (5), a third collapse hole (6) and a fourth collapse hole (7); on the heading face: the first caving holes (4) are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, the second caving holes (5) are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, the third caving holes (6) are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, the fourth caving holes (7) are distributed on a circle with the center of the shaft as the center of a circle at equal intervals, and the radiuses of the circles where the first caving holes (4), the second caving holes (5), the third caving holes (6) and the fourth caving holes (7) are located are sequentially increased.
4. The tunneling vertical deep hole blasting excavation collimation eye cut method according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of the central empty hole (1) is 1, the number of the central minor cut hole (2) is 4, the number of the collimation eye cut holes (3) is 8, the number of the first collapse holes (4) is 12, the number of the second collapse holes (5) is 18, the number of the third collapse holes (6) is 22, the number of the fourth collapse holes (7) is 34, and the number of the peripheral holes (8) is 32;
on the heading face: on a connecting line between the central empty hole (1) and 1 of the peripheral holes (8), 1 collimating hole cut hole (3), 1 first collapse hole (4), 1 second collapse hole (5), 1 third collapse hole (6) and 1 fourth collapse hole (7) are sequentially distributed along the direction from the central empty hole (1) to the peripheral holes (8); and the central secondary cut holes (2) are distributed on the connecting line between the central hollow hole (1) and the 1 collimation hole cut holes (3).
5. The method for carrying out deep hole blasting tunneling collimation eye cut according to the claim 4, wherein in the step B, the charging mode is reverse charging; the medicine loading amount of the central secondary cut hole (2) is 1.2 kg/hole; the loading amount of the collimation hole cut hole (3) and the first collapse hole (4) is 3.6 kg/hole; the drug loading of the second collapse hole (5) is 3.4 kg/hole; the drug loading of the third collapse hole (6) is 3.2 kg/hole; the medicine loading amount of the fourth collapse hole (7) is 3.0 kg/hole; the loading of the peripheral holes (8) was 1.8 kg/hole.
6. The tunneling deep hole blasting driving quasi-straight-hole undermining method according to claim 5, wherein non-electric blasting tubes are used for blasting sequentially according to the sequence of the quasi-straight-hole undermining hole (3), the central secondary undermining hole (2), the first caving hole (4), the second caving hole (5), the third caving hole (6), the fourth caving hole (7) and the peripheral hole (8).
7. The tunnel shaft deep hole blasting excavation collimation eye undercutting method according to claim 6, characterized in that during initiation: all the central secondary undermining holes (2) are connected in series, all the collimation hole undermining holes (3) are connected in series, all the first caving holes (4) are connected in series, all the second caving holes (5) are connected in series, all the third caving holes (6) are connected in series, all the fourth caving holes (7) are connected in series, and all the peripheral holes (8) are connected in series; the central secondary cut hole (2), the collimation hole cut hole (3), the first collapse hole (4), the second collapse hole (5), the third collapse hole (6), the fourth collapse hole (7) and the peripheral holes (8) are connected in parallel.
8. The tunnel shaft deep hole blasting excavation collimation eye undercutting method according to claim 4, characterized in that on the excavation working face: the distance between every two adjacent central secondary cut holes (2) is 635mm, the distance between every two adjacent collimating hole cut holes (3) is 690mm, the distance between every two adjacent first collapse holes (4) is 932mm, the distance between every two adjacent second collapse holes (5) is 938mm, the distance between every two adjacent third collapse holes (6) is 1053mm, the distance between every two adjacent fourth collapse holes (7) is 830mm, and the distance between every two adjacent peripheral holes (8) is 980 mm; and the distance between the center of the peripheral hole (8) and the wall (9) of the vertical shaft to be excavated is 300 mm.
9. The tunnel shaft deep hole blasting excavation collimation eye undercutting method according to claim 8, characterized in that on the excavation working face: the radius of the circle of central inferior cut hole (2) place is 318mm, the radius of the circle of collimation eye cut hole (3) place is 900mm, the radius of the circle of first collapse hole (4) place is 1800mm, the radius of the circle of second collapse hole (5) place is 2700mm, the radius of the circle of third collapse hole (6) place is 3700mm, the radius of the circle of fourth collapse hole (7) place is 4500mm, the radius of the circle of peripheral hole (8) place is 5000 mm.
10. The tunnel shaft deep hole blasting excavation collimation hole cut method according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical depth of the central hollow hole (1), the central secondary cut hole (2), the collimation hole cut hole (3), the caving hole and the peripheral hole (8) is 4.5m, and the hole diameter is 42 mm.
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