CN114439186B - 一种表面不燃复合材料板材及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种表面不燃复合材料板材及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114439186B CN114439186B CN202210189945.7A CN202210189945A CN114439186B CN 114439186 B CN114439186 B CN 114439186B CN 202210189945 A CN202210189945 A CN 202210189945A CN 114439186 B CN114439186 B CN 114439186B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- glass fiber
- fiber cloth
- composite material
- expanded perlite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 331
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 236
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 221
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 157
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 157
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 94
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 73
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 61
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 52
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decabromodiphenyl ether Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1OC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000001038 titanium pigment Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum dipotassium disodium dioxosilane iron(3+) oxocalcium oxomagnesium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].O=[Mg].O=[Ca].O=[Si]=O SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F17/00—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
- E04F17/04—Air-ducts or air channels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
- B28B19/0015—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon on multilayered articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
- B28B19/0092—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to webs, sheets or the like, e.g. of paper, cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/02—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B13/06—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/14—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/02—Layer formed of wires, e.g. mesh
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
- B32B3/04—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
- C04B28/32—Magnesium oxychloride cements, e.g. Sorel cement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/34—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
- C04B28/344—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders the phosphate binder being present in the starting composition solely as one or more phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种复合材料,特别是涉及一种表面不燃复合材料板材及其制作方法,属于复合材料和新型化学建材技术领域。一种表面不燃复合材料板材,从中心到表层依次由轻质保温不燃中心层、钢丝网、阻燃复合材料内衬层、不燃复合材料结构层、保温不燃复合材料增强层和不燃复合材料表层构成。本发明采用多层复合方式制备,结构独特,表层不燃烧,防火性能好,轻质,保温;强度高,可设计性强。可用于制作饭店餐厅、实验室等场所使用的通风管道等产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种复合材料,特别是涉及一种表面不燃复合材料板材及其制作方法,属于复合材料和新型化学建材技术领域。
背景技术
在饭店餐厅、实验室等场所常需使用通风管道等一些特殊产品,传统上一般使用金属材料制作,但金属材料成本高,比较重,安装过程较为困难,且导热系数大,一旦管道内油污或化学品等介质发生燃烧时,高温会透过金属材料从而引燃周边其它材料发生燃烧,发生火灾;作为金属材料的替代品,阻燃型塑料也被较为广泛地用于制作通风管道,此类阻燃型材料虽然在一定程度上可以防止燃烧的发生,但在极高温度下仍然可能发生燃烧。当管道内部积累了较多的油污,一不小心被引燃后,高温下会引起阻燃型塑料管道先熔融后发生燃烧,进一步扩大后,导致整个建筑物可能发生燃烧,给人们的生命安全和财产安全带来极大的隐患;另外,塑料管道燃烧时还将产生有毒有害气体和浓烟,将严重影响周围百姓的身体健康,对环境也将产生严重污染。所以,发明一种表面不燃复合材料板材及其制作方法,克服现有材料的不足,用于制作这些特殊场合的产品,十分必要。
发明内容
本发明就是针对上述目的,提供一种表面不燃复合材料板材及其制作方法。
一种表面不燃复合材料板材,从中心到表层依次由轻质保温不燃中心层、钢丝网、阻燃复合材料内衬层、不燃复合材料结构层、保温不燃复合材料增强层和不燃复合材料表层构成;所述的轻质保温不燃中心层由改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布复合而成;所述的钢丝网之钢丝直径为0.8-1.4mm,孔密度为2000-8000个正方形孔/m2;所述的阻燃复合材料内衬层由阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布复合而成;所述的不燃复合材料结构层由结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布复合而成;所述的保温不燃复合材料增强层由钢丝笼里浇注改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆复合而成;所述的不燃复合材料表层由表层浆料和玻璃纤维布复合而成。
所述的改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆由水玻璃、氟硅酸钠、膨胀珍珠岩、氯化镁、氧化镁、短切玻璃纤维、磷酸三钠、脲醛树脂、氯化铵和水制作而成,所述短切玻璃纤维平均长度为0.6-1.2mm。
所述的阻燃树脂胶料由阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴制作而成。
所述的结构层浆料由氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂和水制作而成。
所述的钢丝笼由X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向的钢丝编织而成,X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向的钢丝彼此垂直,钢丝直径为0.8-1.4mm,相邻平行钢丝之间的距离为3-5mm。
所述的表层浆料由氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠和水制作而成。
所述的玻璃纤维布,单重为200-300g/m2。
一种表面不燃复合材料板材,其制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按照体积比1∶3-5∶0.1-0.3分别量取水玻璃、水和氟硅酸钠,将水玻璃加入到水中搅拌水解30-60min,得到水玻璃液,按照质量比1∶2-4分别称取水玻璃液和膨胀珍珠岩,将水玻璃液、氟硅酸钠和膨胀珍珠岩混合均匀,并在10-20MPa压力下保持2-4h,得到掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩,然后用摩尔比为1∶1-3的乙醇和正己烷的混合液对掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩进行溶剂置换,充分干燥后,冷却至室温,粉碎,制备粒径为0.6-1mm改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒;按质量比100∶90-100∶180-220∶20-30∶10-20∶0.6-1.2∶5-9∶0.1-0.5称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒、短切玻璃纤维、磷酸三钠、脲醛树脂和氯化铵,混合均匀得到改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,所述短切玻璃纤维平均长度为0.6-1.2mm;
(2)按质量比100∶20-30分别称取改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布,取上、下两块平板模具,在下平板模具表面均匀铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,然后在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆上面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,接下来再在玻璃纤维布表面铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,再在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆表面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,最后盖上上平板模具,在5-15MPa下进行模压直至改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆固化,去除上、下平板模具,得到的板材用作轻质保温不燃中心层;
(3)在轻质保温不燃中心层外表面缠绕一层钢丝网;
(4)按质量比100∶50-70∶8-16∶20-30∶0.8-1.2∶0.8-1.2分别称取阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维布、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴,将阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴混合均匀得到阻燃树脂胶料,在包裹着钢丝网的轻质保温不燃中心层外表面均匀涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,然后在阻燃树脂胶料上包裹一层玻璃纤维布,待玻璃纤维布被阻燃树脂胶料完全浸润后,在玻璃纤维布表面再涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,接下来再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到阻燃复合材料内衬层;
(5)按质量比100∶56-62∶106-118∶12-16∶10-12∶10-12∶3-7∶2-4∶10-12∶5-7∶5-7∶75-95分别称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂和玻璃纤维布,将水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂混合均匀后,得到结构层浆料;在阻燃复合材料内衬层外表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料结构层;
(6)取钢丝,按照相互垂直的X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向进行编织,得到钢丝笼(钢丝直径为0.8-1.4mm,相邻平行钢丝之间的距离为3-5mm);将钢丝笼包裹在不燃复合材料结构层外表面,然后将钢丝笼里浇注满改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,固化后得到保温不燃复合材料增强层;
(7)按质量比100∶40-60∶6-10∶0.3-0.7∶0.2-0.6∶20-30分别称取水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠和玻璃纤维布,将水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠搅拌均匀得到表层浆料;在保温不燃复合材料增强层外表面涂刷一层表层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层表层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有表层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料表层;完成一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作。
本发明:
(1)采用多层复合方式制备了一种表面不燃复合材料板材,结构独特;
(2)采用表层浆料与玻璃纤维布复合制作表层,不同于传统的阻燃材料,本发明表层不燃烧,防火性能好;
(3)结构中使用改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,轻质,不燃,保温效果好;
(4)采用钢丝笼和钢丝网增强,同时在轻质保温不燃中心层、阻燃复合材料内衬层、不燃复合材料结构层和不燃复合材料表层中均使用玻璃纤维布增强,所得板材强度高;
(5)根据需要,可以灵活调整各个结构层之间的相对用量,可设计性强。
附图说明
以下将结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
图1是一种表面不燃复合材料板材的结构示意图。
1-轻质保温不燃中心层,2-钢丝网,3-阻燃复合材料内衬层,4-不燃复合材料结构层,5-保温不燃复合材料增强层,6-不燃复合材料表层。
具体实施方式
参照附图1,一种表面不燃复合材料板材,从中心到表层依次由轻质保温不燃中心层1、钢丝网2、阻燃复合材料内衬层3、不燃复合材料结构层4、保温不燃复合材料增强层5和不燃复合材料表层6构成;所述的轻质保温不燃中心层1由改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布复合而成;所述的阻燃复合材料内衬层3由阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布复合而成;所述的不燃复合材料结构层4由结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布复合而成;所述的保温不燃复合材料增强层5由钢丝笼里浇注改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆复合而成;所述的不燃复合材料表层6由表层浆料和玻璃纤维布复合而成。
实施例1:一种表面不燃复合材料板材,其制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按照体积比1∶4∶0.2分别量取水玻璃、水和氟硅酸钠,将水玻璃加入到水中搅拌水解45min,得到水玻璃液,按照质量比1∶3分别称取水玻璃液和膨胀珍珠岩,将水玻璃液、氟硅酸钠和膨胀珍珠岩混合均匀,并在15MPa压力下保持3h,得到掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩,然后用摩尔比为1∶2的乙醇和正己烷的混合液对掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩进行溶剂置换,充分干燥后,冷却至室温,粉碎,制备粒径为0.8mm改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒;按质量比100∶95∶200∶25∶15∶0.9∶7∶0.3称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒、短切玻璃纤维(平均长度为0.9mm)、磷酸三钠、脲醛树脂和氯化铵,混合均匀得到改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆;
(2)按质量比100∶25分别称取改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布(单重为250g/m2),取上、下两块平板模具,在下平板模具表面均匀铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,然后在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆上面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,接下来再在玻璃纤维布表面铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,再在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆表面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,最后盖上上平板模具,在10MPa下进行模压直至改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆固化,去除上、下平板模具,得到的板材用作轻质保温不燃中心层1;
(3)在轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面缠绕一层钢丝网2(钢丝直径为1.1mm,孔密度为5000个正方形孔/m2);
(4)按质量比100∶60∶12∶25∶1∶1分别称取阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维布(单重为250g/m2)、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴,将阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴混合均匀得到阻燃树脂胶料,在包裹着钢丝网2的轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面均匀涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,然后在阻燃树脂胶料上包裹一层玻璃纤维布,待玻璃纤维布被阻燃树脂胶料完全浸润后,在玻璃纤维布表面再涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,接下来再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到阻燃复合材料内衬层3;
(5)按质量比100∶59∶112∶14∶11∶11∶5∶3∶11∶6∶6∶85分别称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂和玻璃纤维布(单重为250g/m2),将水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂混合均匀后,得到结构层浆料;在阻燃复合材料内衬层3外表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料结构层4;
(6)取钢丝,按照相互垂直的X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向进行编织,得到钢丝笼(钢丝直径为1.1mm,相邻平行钢丝之间的距离为4mm);将钢丝笼包裹在不燃复合材料结构层4外表面,然后将钢丝笼里浇注满改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,固化后得到保温不燃复合材料增强层5;
(7)按质量比100∶50∶8∶0.5∶0.4∶25分别称取水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠和玻璃纤维布(单重为250g/m2),将水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠搅拌均匀得到表层浆料;在保温不燃复合材料增强层5外表面涂刷一层表层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层表层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有表层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料表层6;完成一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作。
实施例2:一种表面不燃复合材料板材,其制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按照体积比1∶3∶0.1分别量取水玻璃、水和氟硅酸钠,将水玻璃加入到水中搅拌水解30min,得到水玻璃液,按照质量比1∶2分别称取水玻璃液和膨胀珍珠岩,将水玻璃液、氟硅酸钠和膨胀珍珠岩混合均匀,并在10MPa压力下保持2h,得到掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩,然后用摩尔比为1∶1的乙醇和正己烷的混合液对掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩进行溶剂置换,充分干燥后,冷却至室温,粉碎,制备粒径为0.6mm改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒;按质量比100∶90∶180∶20∶10∶0.6∶5∶0.1称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒、短切玻璃纤维(平均长度为0.6mm)、磷酸三钠、脲醛树脂和氯化铵,混合均匀得到改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆;
(2)按质量比100∶20分别称取改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布(单重为200g/m2),取上、下两块平板模具,在下平板模具表面均匀铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,然后在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆上面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,接下来再在玻璃纤维布表面铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,再在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆表面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,最后盖上上平板模具,在5MPa下进行模压直至改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆固化,去除上、下平板模具,得到的板材用作轻质保温不燃中心层1;
(3)在轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面缠绕一层钢丝网2(钢丝直径为0.8mm,孔密度为2000个正方形孔/m2);
(4)按质量比100∶50∶8∶20∶0.8∶0.8分别称取阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维布(单重为200g/m2)、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴,将阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴混合均匀得到阻燃树脂胶料,在包裹着钢丝网2的轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面均匀涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,然后在阻燃树脂胶料上包裹一层玻璃纤维布,待玻璃纤维布被阻燃树脂胶料完全浸润后,在玻璃纤维布表面再涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,接下来再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到阻燃复合材料内衬层3;
(5)按质量比100∶56∶106∶12∶10∶10∶3∶2∶10∶5∶5∶75分别称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂和玻璃纤维布(单重为200g/m2),将水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂混合均匀后,得到结构层浆料;在阻燃复合材料内衬层3外表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料结构层4;
(6)取钢丝,按照相互垂直的X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向进行编织,得到钢丝笼(钢丝直径为0.8mm,相邻平行钢丝之间的距离为3mm);将钢丝笼包裹在不燃复合材料结构层4外表面,然后将钢丝笼里浇注满改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,固化后得到保温不燃复合材料增强层5;
(7)按质量比100∶40∶6∶0.3∶0.2∶20分别称取水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠和玻璃纤维布(单重为200g/m2),将水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠搅拌均匀得到表层浆料;在保温不燃复合材料增强层5外表面涂刷一层表层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层表层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有表层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料表层6;完成一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作。
实施例3:一种表面不燃复合材料板材,其制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按照体积比1∶5∶0.3分别量取水玻璃、水和氟硅酸钠,将水玻璃加入到水中搅拌水解60min,得到水玻璃液,按照质量比1∶4分别称取水玻璃液和膨胀珍珠岩,将水玻璃液、氟硅酸钠和膨胀珍珠岩混合均匀,并在20MPa压力下保持4h,得到掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩,然后用摩尔比为1∶3的乙醇和正己烷的混合液对掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩进行溶剂置换,充分干燥后,冷却至室温,粉碎,制备粒径为1mm改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒;按质量比100∶100∶220∶30∶20∶1.2∶9∶0.5称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒、短切玻璃纤维(平均长度为1.2mm)、磷酸三钠、脲醛树脂和氯化铵,混合均匀得到改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆;
(2)按质量比100∶30分别称取改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布(单重为300g/m2),取上、下两块平板模具,在下平板模具表面均匀铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,然后在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆上面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,接下来再在玻璃纤维布表面铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,再在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆表面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,最后盖上上平板模具,在15MPa下进行模压直至改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆固化,去除上、下平板模具,得到的板材用作轻质保温不燃中心层1;
(3)在轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面缠绕一层钢丝网2(钢丝直径为1.4mm,孔密度为8000个正方形孔/m2);
(4)按质量比100∶70∶16∶30∶1.2∶1.2分别称取阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维布(单重为300g/m2)、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴,将阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴混合均匀得到阻燃树脂胶料,在包裹着钢丝网2的轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面均匀涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,然后在阻燃树脂胶料上包裹一层玻璃纤维布,待玻璃纤维布被阻燃树脂胶料完全浸润后,在玻璃纤维布表面再涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,接下来再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到阻燃复合材料内衬层3;
(5)按质量比100∶62∶118∶16∶12∶12∶7∶4∶12∶7∶7∶95分别称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂和玻璃纤维布(单重为300g/m2),将水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂混合均匀后,得到结构层浆料;在阻燃复合材料内衬层3外表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料结构层4;
(6)取钢丝,按照相互垂直的X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向进行编织,得到钢丝笼(钢丝直径为1.4mm,相邻平行钢丝之间的距离为5mm);将钢丝笼包裹在不燃复合材料结构层4外表面,然后将钢丝笼里浇注满改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,固化后得到保温不燃复合材料增强层5;
(7)按质量比100∶60∶10∶0.7∶0.6∶30分别称取水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠和玻璃纤维布(单重为300g/m2),将水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠搅拌均匀得到表层浆料;在保温不燃复合材料增强层5外表面涂刷一层表层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层表层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有表层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料表层6;完成一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作。
实施例4:一种表面不燃复合材料板材,其制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按照体积比1∶3∶0.2分别量取水玻璃、水和氟硅酸钠,将水玻璃加入到水中搅拌水解60min,得到水玻璃液,按照质量比1∶2分别称取水玻璃液和膨胀珍珠岩,将水玻璃液、氟硅酸钠和膨胀珍珠岩混合均匀,并在15MPa压力下保持4h,得到掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩,然后用摩尔比为1∶1的乙醇和正己烷的混合液对掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩进行溶剂置换,充分干燥后,冷却至室温,粉碎,制备粒径为0.8mm改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒;按质量比100∶100∶180∶25∶20∶0.6∶7∶0.5称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒、短切玻璃纤维(平均长度为0.6mm)、磷酸三钠、脲醛树脂和氯化铵,混合均匀得到改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆;
(2)按质量比100∶25分别称取改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布(单重为300g/m2),取上、下两块平板模具,在下平板模具表面均匀铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,然后在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆上面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,接下来再在玻璃纤维布表面铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,再在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆表面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,最后盖上上平板模具,在5MPa下进行模压直至改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆固化,去除上、下平板模具,得到的板材用作轻质保温不燃中心层1;
(3)在轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面缠绕一层钢丝网2(钢丝直径为1.1mm,孔密度为8000个正方形孔/m2);
(4)按质量比100∶50∶12∶30∶0.8∶1分别称取阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维布(单重为300g/m2)、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴,将阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴混合均匀得到阻燃树脂胶料,在包裹着钢丝网2的轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面均匀涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,然后在阻燃树脂胶料上包裹一层玻璃纤维布,待玻璃纤维布被阻燃树脂胶料完全浸润后,在玻璃纤维布表面再涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,接下来再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到阻燃复合材料内衬层3;
(5)按质量比100∶56∶112∶16∶10∶11∶7∶2∶11∶7∶5∶85分别称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂和玻璃纤维布(单重为300g/m2),将水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂混合均匀后,得到结构层浆料;在阻燃复合材料内衬层3外表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料结构层4;
(6)取钢丝,按照相互垂直的X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向进行编织,得到钢丝笼(钢丝直径为0.8mm,相邻平行钢丝之间的距离为4mm);将钢丝笼包裹在不燃复合材料结构层4外表面,然后将钢丝笼里浇注满改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,固化后得到保温不燃复合材料增强层5;
(7)按质量比100∶60∶6∶0.5∶0.6∶20分别称取水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠和玻璃纤维布(单重为250g/m2),将水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠搅拌均匀得到表层浆料;在保温不燃复合材料增强层5外表面涂刷一层表层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层表层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有表层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料表层6;完成一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作。
实施例5:一种表面不燃复合材料板材,其制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按照体积比1∶4∶0.3分别量取水玻璃、水和氟硅酸钠,将水玻璃加入到水中搅拌水解30min,得到水玻璃液,按照质量比1∶3分别称取水玻璃液和膨胀珍珠岩,将水玻璃液、氟硅酸钠和膨胀珍珠岩混合均匀,并在20MPa压力下保持2h,得到掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩,然后用摩尔比为1∶2的乙醇和正己烷的混合液对掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩进行溶剂置换,充分干燥后,冷却至室温,粉碎,制备粒径为1mm改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒;按质量比100∶90∶200∶30∶10∶0.9∶9∶0.1称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒、短切玻璃纤维(平均长度为0.9mm)、磷酸三钠、脲醛树脂和氯化铵,混合均匀得到改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆;
(2)按质量比100∶30分别称取改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布(单重为200g/m2),取上、下两块平板模具,在下平板模具表面均匀铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,然后在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆上面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,接下来再在玻璃纤维布表面铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,再在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆表面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,最后盖上上平板模具,在10MPa下进行模压直至改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆固化,去除上、下平板模具,得到的板材用作轻质保温不燃中心层1;
(3)在轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面缠绕一层钢丝网2(钢丝直径为1.4mm,孔密度为2000个正方形孔/m2);
(4)按质量比100∶60∶16∶20∶1∶1.2分别称取阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维布(单重为200g/m2)、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴,将阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴混合均匀得到阻燃树脂胶料,在包裹着钢丝网2的轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面均匀涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,然后在阻燃树脂胶料上包裹一层玻璃纤维布,待玻璃纤维布被阻燃树脂胶料完全浸润后,在玻璃纤维布表面再涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,接下来再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到阻燃复合材料内衬层3;
(5)按质量比100∶59∶118∶12∶11∶12∶3∶3∶12∶5∶6∶95分别称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂和玻璃纤维布(单重为200g/m2),将水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂混合均匀后,得到结构层浆料;在阻燃复合材料内衬层3外表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料结构层4;
(6)取钢丝,按照相互垂直的X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向进行编织,得到钢丝笼(钢丝直径为1.1mm,相邻平行钢丝之间的距离为5mm);将钢丝笼包裹在不燃复合材料结构层4外表面,然后将钢丝笼里浇注满改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,固化后得到保温不燃复合材料增强层5;
(7)按质量比100∶40∶8∶0.7∶0.2∶25分别称取水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠和玻璃纤维布(单重为300g/m2),将水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠搅拌均匀得到表层浆料;在保温不燃复合材料增强层5外表面涂刷一层表层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层表层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有表层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料表层6;完成一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作。
实施例6:一种表面不燃复合材料板材,其制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按照体积比1∶5∶0.1分别量取水玻璃、水和氟硅酸钠,将水玻璃加入到水中搅拌水解45min,得到水玻璃液,按照质量比1∶4分别称取水玻璃液和膨胀珍珠岩,将水玻璃液、氟硅酸钠和膨胀珍珠岩混合均匀,并在10MPa压力下保持3h,得到掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩,然后用摩尔比为1∶3的乙醇和正己烷的混合液对掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩进行溶剂置换,充分干燥后,冷却至室温,粉碎,制备粒径为0.6mm改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒;按质量比100∶95∶220∶20∶15∶1.2∶5∶0.3称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒、短切玻璃纤维(平均长度为1.2mm)、磷酸三钠、脲醛树脂和氯化铵,混合均匀得到改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆;
(2)按质量比100∶20分别称取改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布(单重为250g/m2),取上、下两块平板模具,在下平板模具表面均匀铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,然后在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆上面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,接下来再在玻璃纤维布表面铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,再在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆表面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,最后盖上上平板模具,在15MPa下进行模压直至改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆固化,去除上、下平板模具,得到的板材用作轻质保温不燃中心层1;
(3)在轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面缠绕一层钢丝网2(钢丝直径为0.8mm,孔密度为5000个正方形孔/m2);
(4)按质量比100∶70∶8∶25∶1.2∶0.8分别称取阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维布(单重为250g/m2)、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴,将阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴混合均匀得到阻燃树脂胶料,在包裹着钢丝网2的轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面均匀涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,然后在阻燃树脂胶料上包裹一层玻璃纤维布,待玻璃纤维布被阻燃树脂胶料完全浸润后,在玻璃纤维布表面再涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,接下来再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到阻燃复合材料内衬层3;
(5)按质量比100∶62∶106∶14∶12∶10∶5∶4∶10∶6∶7∶75分别称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂和玻璃纤维布(单重为250g/m2),将水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂混合均匀后,得到结构层浆料;在阻燃复合材料内衬层3外表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料结构层4;
(6)取钢丝,按照相互垂直的X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向进行编织,得到钢丝笼(钢丝直径为1.4mm,相邻平行钢丝之间的距离为3mm);将钢丝笼包裹在不燃复合材料结构层4外表面,然后将钢丝笼里浇注满改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,固化后得到保温不燃复合材料增强层5;
(7)按质量比100∶50∶10∶0.3∶0.4∶30分别称取水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠和玻璃纤维布(单重为200g/m2),将水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠搅拌均匀得到表层浆料;在保温不燃复合材料增强层5外表面涂刷一层表层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层表层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有表层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料表层6;完成一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作。
实施例7:一种表面不燃复合材料板材,其制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按照体积比1∶3∶0.1分别量取水玻璃、水和氟硅酸钠,将水玻璃加入到水中搅拌水解30min,得到水玻璃液,按照质量比1∶2分别称取水玻璃液和膨胀珍珠岩,将水玻璃液、氟硅酸钠和膨胀珍珠岩混合均匀,并在10MPa压力下保持2h,得到掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩,然后用摩尔比为1∶1的乙醇和正己烷的混合液对掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩进行溶剂置换,充分干燥后,冷却至室温,粉碎,制备粒径为0.6mm改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒;按质量比100∶90∶180∶20∶10∶0.6∶5∶0.1称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒、短切玻璃纤维(平均长度为0.6mm)、磷酸三钠、脲醛树脂和氯化铵,混合均匀得到改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆;
(2)按质量比100∶25分别称取改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布(单重为250g/m2),取上、下两块平板模具,在下平板模具表面均匀铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,然后在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆上面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,接下来再在玻璃纤维布表面铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,再在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆表面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,最后盖上上平板模具,在10MPa下进行模压直至改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆固化,去除上、下平板模具,得到的板材用作轻质保温不燃中心层1;
(3)在轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面缠绕一层钢丝网2(钢丝直径为1.4mm,孔密度为8000个正方形孔/m2);
(4)按质量比100∶50∶8∶20∶0.8∶0.8分别称取阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维布(单重为200g/m2)、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴,将阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴混合均匀得到阻燃树脂胶料,在包裹着钢丝网2的轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面均匀涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,然后在阻燃树脂胶料上包裹一层玻璃纤维布,待玻璃纤维布被阻燃树脂胶料完全浸润后,在玻璃纤维布表面再涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,接下来再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到阻燃复合材料内衬层3;
(5)按质量比100∶59∶112∶14∶11∶11∶5∶3∶11∶6∶6∶85分别称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂和玻璃纤维布(单重为250g/m2),将水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂混合均匀后,得到结构层浆料;在阻燃复合材料内衬层3外表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料结构层4;
(6)取钢丝,按照相互垂直的X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向进行编织,得到钢丝笼(钢丝直径为1.4mm,相邻平行钢丝之间的距离为5mm);将钢丝笼包裹在不燃复合材料结构层4外表面,然后将钢丝笼里浇注满改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,固化后得到保温不燃复合材料增强层5;
(7)按质量比100∶60∶10∶0.7∶0.6∶30分别称取水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠和玻璃纤维布(单重为300g/m2),将水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠搅拌均匀得到表层浆料;在保温不燃复合材料增强层5外表面涂刷一层表层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层表层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有表层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料表层6;完成一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作。
实施例8:一种表面不燃复合材料板材,其制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按照体积比1∶3.5∶0.16分别量取水玻璃、水和氟硅酸钠,将水玻璃加入到水中搅拌水解36min,得到水玻璃液,按照质量比1∶2.5分别称取水玻璃液和膨胀珍珠岩,将水玻璃液、氟硅酸钠和膨胀珍珠岩混合均匀,并在12MPa压力下保持2.2h,得到掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩,然后用摩尔比为1∶1.6的乙醇和正己烷的混合液对掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩进行溶剂置换,充分干燥后,冷却至室温,粉碎,制备粒径为0.7mm改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒;按质量比100∶96∶186∶26∶18∶0.8∶8∶0.2称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒、短切玻璃纤维(平均长度为1.1mm)、磷酸三钠、脲醛树脂和氯化铵,混合均匀得到改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆;
(2)按质量比100∶23分别称取改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布(单重为230g/m2),取上、下两块平板模具,在下平板模具表面均匀铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,然后在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆上面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,接下来再在玻璃纤维布表面铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,再在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆表面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,最后盖上上平板模具,在12MPa下进行模压直至改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆固化,去除上、下平板模具,得到的板材用作轻质保温不燃中心层1;
(3)在轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面缠绕一层钢丝网2(钢丝直径为0.9mm,孔密度为4000个正方形孔/m2);
(4)按质量比100∶54∶11∶26∶0.9∶0.9分别称取阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维布(单重为240g/m2)、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴,将阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴混合均匀得到阻燃树脂胶料,在包裹着钢丝网2的轻质保温不燃中心层1外表面均匀涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,然后在阻燃树脂胶料上包裹一层玻璃纤维布,待玻璃纤维布被阻燃树脂胶料完全浸润后,在玻璃纤维布表面再涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,接下来再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到阻燃复合材料内衬层3;
(5)按质量比100∶58∶108∶13∶11.5∶10.6∶6∶2.3∶10.2∶5.5∶5.5∶78分别称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂和玻璃纤维布(单重为280g/m2),将水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂混合均匀后,得到结构层浆料;在阻燃复合材料内衬层3外表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料结构层4;
(6)取钢丝,按照相互垂直的X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向进行编织,得到钢丝笼(钢丝直径为0.9mm,相邻平行钢丝之间的距离为3.5mm);将钢丝笼包裹在不燃复合材料结构层4外表面,然后将钢丝笼里浇注满改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,固化后得到保温不燃复合材料增强层5;
(7)按质量比100∶46∶7∶0.6∶0.3∶23分别称取水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠和玻璃纤维布(单重为240g/m2),将水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠搅拌均匀得到表层浆料;在保温不燃复合材料增强层5外表面涂刷一层表层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层表层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有表层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料表层6;完成一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作。
下面通过实验证明实施例1的效果。
按照实施例1的方法制作测试用板材,其中轻质保温不燃中心层、阻燃复合材料内衬层、不燃复合材料结构层、保温不燃复合材料增强层和不燃复合材料表层的厚度分别为2mm、1mm、2mm、4mm和2mm,利用此板材制作1m×1m×1m密封箱体,并置于阳光下曝晒2h。经检测,一种表面不燃复合材料板材持续燃烧时间:0s,抗弯强度:68.56MPa,吸湿变形率:0.05%,箱体外环境温度46℃,箱体内温度20℃。测试结果均达到或超过《GB25970-2010不燃无机复合板》和《GB8624-2012建筑材料及制品燃烧性能分级》的机械性能和阻燃性能要求,同时该材料具有良好的尺寸稳定性和隔热保温性能。
Claims (5)
1.一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)按照体积比1∶3-5∶0.1-0.3分别量取水玻璃、水和氟硅酸钠,将水玻璃加入到水中搅拌水解30-60min,得到水玻璃液,按照质量比1∶2-4分别称取水玻璃液和膨胀珍珠岩,将水玻璃液、氟硅酸钠和膨胀珍珠岩混合均匀,并在10-20MPa压力下保持2-4h,得到掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩,然后用摩尔比为1∶1-3的乙醇和正己烷的混合液对掺入水玻璃的膨胀珍珠岩进行溶剂置换,充分干燥后,冷却至室温,粉碎,制备粒径为0.6-1mm改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒;按质量比100∶90-100∶180-220∶20-30∶10-20∶0.6-1.2∶5-9∶0.1-0.5称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、改性膨胀珍珠岩颗粒、短切玻璃纤维、磷酸三钠、脲醛树脂和氯化铵,混合均匀得到改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆;
(2)按质量比100∶20-30分别称取改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布,取上、下两块平板模具,在下平板模具表面均匀铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,然后在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆上面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,接下来再在玻璃纤维布表面铺放一层改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,再在改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆表面铺放一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,最后盖上上平板模具,在5-15MPa下进行模压直至改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆固化,去除上、下平板模具,得到的板材用作轻质保温不燃中心层;
(3)在轻质保温不燃中心层外表面缠绕一层钢丝网;
(4)按质量比100∶50-70∶8-16∶20-30∶0.8-1.2∶0.8-1.2分别称取阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、玻璃纤维布、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴,将阻燃型不饱和聚酯树脂、十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、过氧化甲乙酮和环烷酸钴混合均匀得到阻燃树脂胶料,在包裹着钢丝网的轻质保温不燃中心层外表面均匀涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,然后在阻燃树脂胶料上包裹一层玻璃纤维布,待玻璃纤维布被阻燃树脂胶料完全浸润后,在玻璃纤维布表面再涂刷一层阻燃树脂胶料,接下来再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有阻燃树脂胶料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到阻燃复合材料内衬层;
(5)按质量比100∶56-62∶106-118∶12-16∶10-12∶10-12∶3-7∶2-4∶10-12∶5-7∶5-7∶75-95分别称取水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂和玻璃纤维布,将水、氯化镁、氧化镁、滑石粉、石膏粉、钛白粉、磷酸三钠、硫酸亚铁、纤维素、乙二醇、脲醛树脂混合均匀后,得到结构层浆料;在阻燃复合材料内衬层外表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层结构层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有结构层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料结构层;
(6)取钢丝,按照相互垂直的X轴、Y轴和Z轴方向进行编织,得到钢丝笼;将钢丝笼包裹在不燃复合材料结构层外表面,然后将钢丝笼里浇注满改性膨胀珍珠岩砂浆,固化后得到保温不燃复合材料增强层;
(7)按质量比100∶40-60∶6-10∶0.3-0.7∶0.2-0.6∶20-30分别称取水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠和玻璃纤维布,将水、氯化镁、滑石粉、氟硅酸钠、磷酸钠搅拌均匀得到表层浆料;在保温不燃复合材料增强层外表面涂刷一层表层浆料,然后包裹一层玻璃纤维布,再在玻璃纤维布表面涂刷一层表层浆料,再包裹一层玻璃纤维布,如此反复,直至所有表层浆料和玻璃纤维布使用完毕,固化后得到不燃复合材料表层;完成一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作方法,其特征在于所述短切玻璃纤维平均长度为0.6-1.2mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作方法,其特征在于所述的钢丝网之钢丝直径为0.8-1.4mm,孔密度为2000-8000个正方形孔/m2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作方法,其特征在所述的钢丝笼的钢丝直径为0.8-1.4mm,相邻平行钢丝之间的距离为3-5mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种表面不燃复合材料板材的制作方法,其特征在于所述的玻璃纤维布,单重为200-300g/m2。
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