CN114404835A - Fire safety control method of energy storage system - Google Patents

Fire safety control method of energy storage system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114404835A
CN114404835A CN202210089966.1A CN202210089966A CN114404835A CN 114404835 A CN114404835 A CN 114404835A CN 202210089966 A CN202210089966 A CN 202210089966A CN 114404835 A CN114404835 A CN 114404835A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fire
fighting
battery
pipeline
battery box
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Withdrawn
Application number
CN202210089966.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
尚德华
杨泽乾
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Aopu Shanghai New Energy Co Ltd
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Aopu Shanghai New Energy Co Ltd
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Application filed by Aopu Shanghai New Energy Co Ltd filed Critical Aopu Shanghai New Energy Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210089966.1A priority Critical patent/CN114404835A/en
Publication of CN114404835A publication Critical patent/CN114404835A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/04Removing or cutting-off the supply of inflammable material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/28Accessories for delivery devices, e.g. supports
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613Cooling or keeping cold
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/627Stationary installations, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63Control systems
    • H01M10/635Control systems based on ambient temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567Liquids
    • H01M10/6568Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire safety control method of an energy storage system, when a battery pack catches fire, a first fire pipeline in the battery pack and the battery pack adjacent to the battery pack are opened, and cooling and fire extinguishing are carried out in a cooling and oxygen isolation mode; if the fire cannot be effectively controlled or M battery Pack bags in the battery cluster are in the fire, a second fire-fighting pipeline in the battery box is opened to extinguish the fire, and meanwhile, a first electromagnetic valve in a pressure relief pipeline of the battery box is opened to lead out high-temperature gas so as to prevent the battery box from being over-pressurized; if the fire condition is not effectively controlled or after-combustion occurs and the fire-fighting agent of the second fire-fighting pipeline is used up or serious fire condition of the N battery clusters occurs, the third fire-fighting pipeline in the battery box is opened to extinguish fire, fire-fighting water enters the battery box, and after the fire condition is completely controlled, the second electromagnetic valve in the drainage pipeline of the battery box is opened to discharge the fire-fighting water out of the box body. The fire-fighting safety control system has various fire-fighting safety control and multi-system linkage, and can well avoid the phenomenon of excessive fire fighting.

Description

Fire safety control method of energy storage system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of battery safety, in particular to a fire safety control method for an energy storage system.
Background
In the field of chemical energy storage, lithium ion batteries have become a main energy storage device for energy storage due to the advantages of high energy density, long service life, environmental protection and the like.
The medium-large energy storage system is usually formed by assembling batteries into modules, then the modules are assembled into packs, then the packs form high-voltage or (and) high-energy battery clusters in a series-parallel connection mode for use, and then the plurality of battery clusters form the large energy storage system in a series-parallel connection mode. And with the increase of lithium ion battery energy density, the safety problem is also more outstanding, and lithium ion battery often causes the thermal runaway and leads to catching fire even explosion because of product defect or misuse, consequently often needs to adopt fire control facility in order to ensure safe energy storage system.
The existing fire extinguishing system generally has various fire sensors to detect the fire alarm information of an energy storage system in real time, when the fire alarm is acquired, a protection system sends corresponding instructions to a controller according to the information to process, and the existing fire extinguishing system comprises a heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system, a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing system, high-pressure water mist, water spray and the like.
According to the technical scheme, on one hand, fire safety signals are transmitted in a multi-stage mode or a single-path mode, transmission is slow, unreliable factors exist in the transmission process, and the optimal fire fighting time or fire fighting errors are missed when the response is slow; on the other hand, the method for processing the fire-fighting problem is single, and a large amount of fire-fighting agent is needed to have excessive fire-fighting or destructive fire-fighting, so that equipment is unnecessarily damaged, and the cost of a fire-fighting safety system is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a fire safety control method of an energy storage system aiming at the defects involved in the background technology.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
a fire safety control method of an energy storage system comprises the following steps:
step 1), arranging a temperature sensor in each battery pack, and arranging a smoke detector, a combustible gas and a VOC (volatile organic compound) detector in a battery box;
step 2), arranging a pressure relief pipeline for discharging high-temperature gas on the battery box, arranging a drainage pipeline for discharging fire-extinguishing liquid at the bottom of the battery box, arranging a first battery valve for controlling the on-off of the pressure relief pipeline in the pressure relief pipeline, and arranging a second battery valve for controlling the on-off of the drainage pipeline in the drainage pipeline;
step 3), arranging heat insulation spacers between the battery packs in the battery box for blocking heat conduction;
step 4), arranging a first fire-fighting pipeline with fire-fighting agent being aerosol in each battery pack, arranging a second fire-fighting pipeline with fire-fighting agent being heptafluoropropane or perfluorohexanone in the battery box, and arranging a third fire-fighting pipeline for spraying water in the battery box;
step 5), when one or more of the smoke detector, the combustible gas and VOC detector, the temperature sensor, the battery management system BMS and the energy management system EMS send out fire alarm, positioning a fire-fighting point, sending an instruction to the PCS, the BMS and the EMS to disconnect the operation of each device, and sending out alarm;
step 6), when the battery pack is on fire, opening a first fire-fighting pipeline in the battery pack on fire and the adjacent battery pack, and performing cooling and fire extinguishing in a cooling and oxygen isolation mode to protect the adjacent battery pack;
step 7), if the fire cannot be effectively controlled or M battery Pack bags in the battery cluster are subjected to fire, wherein M is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to a preset first quantity threshold, a second fire-fighting pipeline in the battery box is opened to extinguish the fire, and meanwhile, a first electromagnetic valve in a pressure relief pipeline of the battery box is opened to lead out high-temperature gas and prevent the battery box from being over-pressurized;
and 8) if the fire condition cannot be effectively controlled or after-combustion occurs and the fire-fighting agent of the second fire-fighting pipeline is used up or a serious fire condition of N battery clusters occurs, N is a natural number which is more than or equal to a preset first quantity threshold value, a third fire-fighting pipeline in the battery box is opened to extinguish the fire, fire-fighting water enters the battery box, and after the fire condition is completely controlled, a second electromagnetic valve in a drainage pipeline of the battery box is opened to drain the fire-fighting water out of the box body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
the invention establishes a connection with the battery management system and the energy management system, can acquire early-stage information of fire alarm and thermal runaway in time, takes measures in time and forms at least two paths of information channels, thereby greatly reducing the influence of unreliable information. The fire safety control method can form linkage of a plurality of systems and control places, forms three-level fire safety from the container to the battery box level, has various fire safety control and multi-system linkage, and can well avoid the phenomenon of excessive fire protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:
the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a fire safety control method of an energy storage system, comprising the following steps:
step 1), arranging a temperature sensor in each battery pack, and arranging a smoke detector, a combustible gas and a VOC (volatile organic compound) detector in a battery box;
step 2), arranging a pressure relief pipeline for discharging high-temperature gas on the battery box, arranging a drainage pipeline for discharging fire-extinguishing liquid at the bottom of the battery box, arranging a first battery valve for controlling the on-off of the pressure relief pipeline in the pressure relief pipeline, and arranging a second battery valve for controlling the on-off of the drainage pipeline in the drainage pipeline;
step 3), arranging heat insulation spacers between the battery packs in the battery box for blocking heat conduction;
step 4), arranging a first fire-fighting pipeline with fire-fighting agent being aerosol in each battery pack, arranging a second fire-fighting pipeline with fire-fighting agent being heptafluoropropane or perfluorohexanone in the battery box, and arranging a third fire-fighting pipeline for spraying water in the battery box;
step 5), when one or more of the smoke detector, the combustible gas and VOC detector, the temperature sensor, the battery management system BMS and the energy management system EMS send out fire alarm, positioning a fire-fighting point, sending an instruction to the PCS, the BMS and the EMS to disconnect the operation of each device, and sending out alarm;
step 6), when the battery pack is on fire, opening a first fire-fighting pipeline in the battery pack on fire and the adjacent battery pack, and performing cooling and fire extinguishing in a cooling and oxygen isolation mode to protect the adjacent battery pack;
step 7), if the fire cannot be effectively controlled or M battery Pack bags in the battery cluster are subjected to fire, wherein M is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to a preset first quantity threshold, a second fire-fighting pipeline in the battery box is opened to extinguish the fire, and meanwhile, a first electromagnetic valve in a pressure relief pipeline of the battery box is opened to lead out high-temperature gas and prevent the battery box from being over-pressurized;
and 8) if the fire condition cannot be effectively controlled or after-combustion occurs and the fire-fighting agent of the second fire-fighting pipeline is used up or a serious fire condition of N battery clusters occurs, N is a natural number which is more than or equal to a preset first quantity threshold value, a third fire-fighting pipeline in the battery box is opened to extinguish the fire, fire-fighting water enters the battery box, and after the fire condition is completely controlled, a second electromagnetic valve in a drainage pipeline of the battery box is opened to drain the fire-fighting water out of the box body.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A fire safety control method of an energy storage system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1), arranging a temperature sensor in each battery pack, and arranging a smoke detector, a combustible gas and a VOC (volatile organic compound) detector in a battery box;
step 2), arranging a pressure relief pipeline for discharging high-temperature gas on the battery box, arranging a drainage pipeline for discharging fire-extinguishing liquid at the bottom of the battery box, arranging a first battery valve for controlling the on-off of the pressure relief pipeline in the pressure relief pipeline, and arranging a second battery valve for controlling the on-off of the drainage pipeline in the drainage pipeline;
step 3), arranging heat insulation spacers between the battery packs in the battery box for blocking heat conduction;
step 4), arranging a first fire-fighting pipeline with fire-fighting agent being aerosol in each battery pack, arranging a second fire-fighting pipeline with fire-fighting agent being heptafluoropropane or perfluorohexanone in the battery box, and arranging a third fire-fighting pipeline for spraying water in the battery box;
step 5), when one or more of the smoke detector, the combustible gas and VOC detector, the temperature sensor, the battery management system BMS and the energy management system EMS send out fire alarm, positioning a fire-fighting point, sending an instruction to the PCS, the BMS and the EMS to disconnect the operation of each device, and sending out alarm;
step 6), when the battery pack is on fire, opening a first fire-fighting pipeline in the battery pack on fire and the adjacent battery pack, and performing cooling and fire extinguishing in a cooling and oxygen isolation mode to protect the adjacent battery pack;
step 7), if the fire cannot be effectively controlled or M battery Pack bags in the battery cluster are subjected to fire, wherein M is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to a preset first quantity threshold, a second fire-fighting pipeline in the battery box is opened to extinguish the fire, and meanwhile, a first electromagnetic valve in a pressure relief pipeline of the battery box is opened to lead out high-temperature gas and prevent the battery box from being over-pressurized;
and 8) if the fire condition cannot be effectively controlled or after-combustion occurs and the fire-fighting agent of the second fire-fighting pipeline is used up or a serious fire condition of N battery clusters occurs, N is a natural number which is more than or equal to a preset first quantity threshold value, a third fire-fighting pipeline in the battery box is opened to extinguish the fire, fire-fighting water enters the battery box, and after the fire condition is completely controlled, a second electromagnetic valve in a drainage pipeline of the battery box is opened to drain the fire-fighting water out of the box body.
CN202210089966.1A 2022-01-25 2022-01-25 Fire safety control method of energy storage system Withdrawn CN114404835A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115837132A (en) * 2022-10-27 2023-03-24 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 Energy storage power supply fire fighting system, control method and readable storage medium
CN115920275A (en) * 2022-10-09 2023-04-07 浙江南都能源科技有限公司 Gas-liquid combined fire-fighting system with multiple fire-extinguishing capacity and expandable energy storage system
CN116350973A (en) * 2023-06-02 2023-06-30 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Battery cabin fire control system, battery cabin and battery cabin fire management method

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115920275A (en) * 2022-10-09 2023-04-07 浙江南都能源科技有限公司 Gas-liquid combined fire-fighting system with multiple fire-extinguishing capacity and expandable energy storage system
CN115920275B (en) * 2022-10-09 2024-03-01 浙江南都能源科技有限公司 Gas-liquid combined fire-fighting system with multiple fire-extinguishing capability and expandable energy storage system
CN115837132A (en) * 2022-10-27 2023-03-24 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 Energy storage power supply fire fighting system, control method and readable storage medium
CN115837132B (en) * 2022-10-27 2023-09-08 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 Energy storage power supply fire-fighting system, control method and readable storage medium
CN116350973A (en) * 2023-06-02 2023-06-30 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Battery cabin fire control system, battery cabin and battery cabin fire management method
CN116350973B (en) * 2023-06-02 2023-08-29 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Battery cabin fire control system, battery cabin and battery cabin fire management method

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Application publication date: 20220429