CN114285485A - Phase coding method and system based on delay line interferometer - Google Patents
Phase coding method and system based on delay line interferometer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phase coding system and method based on a delay line interferometer, and the method comprises the following steps: s1, two single-wavelength light sources generate continuous light carriers, and the two continuous light carriers are weighted and superposed after passing through the wavelength division multiplexer and output a multiplexing optical signal; s2, the multiplexed optical signal is divided into two identical paths by the optical coupler, one path modulates the time signal x (t) by the phase modulator, the other path passes through the optical delay line, the delay is tau0(ii) a S3, combining the two signals into one path by optical coupler, separating the two processed beams with different wavelengths by wavelength demultiplexer, and passing through digital signal S1(t) and s2(t) one path is on and the other path is off; and S4, the two paths of continuous optical carriers are weighted and superposed after passing through the wavelength division multiplexer and output a path of multiplexing optical signal, and the optical signal is converted into an electric signal through the photoelectric detector. The invention reduces the phaseThe coding requires the use of components, while the system is simple and easy to implement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication signal processing, and particularly relates to a phase encoding method and system based on a delay line interferometer.
Background
In radar systems, phase-coded pulse compression techniques have been extensively studied in order to improve the range resolution of short pulses. In the traditional electrical field, the working frequency of a phase coding microwave signal generated by a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) is low, and the 10GHz is difficult to break through. In the optical domain, the phase coding microwave signal is generated without the problems, and has the unique characteristics of large operation bandwidth, high frequency, low loss, small volume, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like.
On the basis, Leaird et al realizes a phase-coded microwave waveform generation method based on an optical pulse shaper by using space-time mapping (STM). This approach has some flexibility since the spectral response of the STM can be updated in real time, but the main limitations of STM based systems are the lower coupling ratio and the free space resulting in huge insertion loss and system complexity. In recent years, phase-encoded microwave signals generated by electro-optical modulators have been widely studied due to their low loss, flexibility, compactness, and the like. For example, Zhang, Y et al generated phase encoded microwave signals in 2013 using a cascade of two polarization modulators (PolMs) and a band pass filter (OBPF). The method has the obvious advantage of producing a photon microwave phase shifter with high phase adjustment speed, but the OBPF has narrow working bandwidth. Furthermore, Chen, Y et al also implement phase-coded microwave waveforms using optical devices of a dual parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-MZM), a PM, a polarizer, and a plurality of polarization controllers.
However, the existing phase-encoding systems are complex in structure, and one or more phase modulators controlled by digital signals are required to introduce phase jump. Therefore, in recent years, it is a research focus to design a phase encoding system with a simple structure and easy implementation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the current situation, the invention provides a phase coding method and a phase coding system based on a delay line interferometer, wherein the phase of two paths of optical signals is controlled by using the delay line interferometer, so that the phase shift generated by the two paths of signals is pi/2 and 3 pi/2 respectively; the PPG-controlled optical switch is used for controlling the on-off of the two paths of signals, so that the jump of the phase is realized; the phase jump at any moment can be realized by setting the digital signal output by the PPG; by setting the modulation signal x (t), the frequency of the finally generated radio frequency signal can be changed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a delay line interferometer based phase encoding system comprising: the device comprises a first single-wavelength light source, a second single-wavelength light source, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a first optical coupler, a signal generator, a phase modulator, an optical delayer, a second optical coupler, a wavelength division demultiplexer, a first intensity modulator, PPG, a second intensity modulator, a second wavelength division multiplexer and a photoelectric detector, wherein the first single-wavelength light source and the second single-wavelength light source are respectively connected with two ports of the first wavelength division multiplexer through optical fibers; the first wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the first optical coupler through an optical fiber; two ports of the first optical coupler are respectively connected with the phase modulator and the optical delayer through optical fibers; the signal generator is connected with the upper port of the phase modulator; two output ports of the phase modulator and the optical delayer are respectively connected with the second optical coupler through optical fibers; the output port of the second optical coupler is connected with the wavelength division demultiplexer through an optical fiber, and the wavelength division demultiplexer is connected with the first intensity modulator and the second intensity modulator through optical fibers respectively; two ports of the PPG are respectively connected with a first intensity modulator and a second intensity modulator; the output ports of the first intensity modulator and the second intensity modulator are respectively connected with the second wavelength division multiplexer through optical fibers, and the second wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the photoelectric detector through the optical fibers.
The invention also discloses a method based on the system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, two single-wavelength light sources generate continuous light carriers, and the two continuous light carriers are weighted and superposed after passing through the wavelength division multiplexer and output a multiplexing optical signal;
s2, the multiplexed optical signal is divided into two identical paths by the optical coupler, one path modulates the time signal x (t), the other path passes through the optical delay line, the delay is tau0；
S3, combining the two signals into one path by optical coupler, separating the two processed beams with different wavelengths by wavelength division demultiplexer, and passing through digital signal S1(t) and s2(t) one path is on and the other path is off;
and S4, the two paths of continuous optical carriers pass through the wavelength division multiplexer, are weighted and superposed, output a path of multiplexing optical signal, and pass through a photoelectric detector, and output an electric signal.
Further, in step S1, the wavelengths of the two optical carrier signals are λ1And λ2Corresponding to an angular frequency of ω1And ω2。
Further, in step S2, τ is delayed0The conditions to be satisfied are: omega1τ0＝π/2，ω2τ0＝3π/2。
Further, in step S3, the optical switch is an intensity modulator with a half-wave voltage VπModulation function H of two intensity modulators1(t) and H2(t) satisfies
Wherein s is1(t) a first digital signal, s, representing the PPG output2(t) a second digital signal representative of the PPG output;
m＝πVs/Vπ，Vπis a half-wave voltage, V, of an intensity modulatorsThe amplitude of the digital signal is output for the PPG.
Further, in step S3, the amplitude of the PPG output digital signal should satisfy: vs/Vπ＝1/4。
Further, in step S3, when one of the digital signals output by the PPG is 1, the other one is set to-1.
Further, when the PPG input signal is 1, the optical switch is in the on state; when the PPG input signal is-1, the optical switch is in an off state.
The invention has the advantages that:
compared with the traditional phase coding scheme, the technical scheme of the invention does not use a phase modulator controlled by a digital signal to introduce phase jump, but directly uses the digital signal s (t) to switch two paths of optical signals back and forth, thereby realizing the phase shift of pi. The method reduces the devices needed by phase encoding, and meanwhile, the system is simple and easy to realize.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a phase encoding method based on a delay line interferometer;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase encoding system based on a delay line interferometer.
The codes in the figure are respectively: 1. a first single wavelength light source; 2. a second single wavelength light source; 3. a first wavelength division multiplexer; 4. a first optical coupler; 5. a signal generator; 6. a phase modulator; 7. an optical retarder; 8. a second optical coupler; 9. a wavelength division demultiplexer; 10. a first intensity modulator; PPG (pulse pattern generator); 12. a second intensity modulator; 13. a second wavelength division multiplexer; 14. a photodetector.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided by way of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
According to the existing phase code generation technology, the invention utilizes an optical delayer and completes the generation of the phase code signal by switching back and forth by using an optical switch.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, the phase encoding system based on the delay line interferometer of the present embodiment includes: first single wavelength light source (1), second single wavelength light source (2), first wavelength division multiplexer (3), first optical coupler (4), signal generator (5), phase modulator (6), optical delayer (7), second optical coupler (8), wavelength division demultiplexer (9), first intensity modulator (10), PPG (11), second intensity modulator (12), second wavelength division multiplexer (13), photoelectric detector (14), specific connection is as follows:
the first single-wavelength light source (1) and the second single-wavelength light source (2) are respectively connected with two ports of the first wavelength division multiplexer (3) through optical fibers; the first wavelength division multiplexer (3) is connected with the first optical coupler (4) through an optical fiber; two ports of the first optical coupler (4) are respectively connected with the phase modulator (6) and the optical delayer (7) through optical fibers; the signal generator (5) is connected with the upper port of the phase modulator (6); two output ports of the phase modulator (6) and the optical delayer (7) are respectively connected with the second optical coupler (8) through optical fibers; the output port of the second optical coupler (8) is connected with the wavelength division demultiplexer (9) through an optical fiber, and the wavelength division demultiplexer (9) is connected with the first intensity modulator (10) and the second intensity modulator (12) through optical fibers respectively; two ports of the PPG (11) are respectively connected with a first intensity modulator (10) and a second intensity modulator (12); the output ports of the first intensity modulator (10) and the second intensity modulator (12) are respectively connected with the second wavelength division multiplexer (13) through optical fibers, and the second wavelength division multiplexer (13) and the photoelectric detector (14) are connected through the optical fibers.
In the present embodiment, two single-wavelength light sources with different center frequencies are used to generate continuous optical carriers; the wavelength division multiplexer is used for weighting and superposing the two paths of optical signals with different wavelengths and outputting a path of multiplexing optical signal; the coupler is used for combining and splitting optical signals; the signal generator is used for generating a modulation signal; the phase modulator is used for modulating a radio frequency signal onto an optical carrier; the optical delayer realizes the delay of the adjustable delay length to the optical signal; the wavelength division demultiplexer is used for dividing the continuous optical carrier into two paths of parallel optical carriers with different wavelengths; the intensity modulator is used for controlling the on-off of the two paths of signals; the PPG is used for controlling the working states of the two paths of intensity modulators; the photodetector is used to convert the multiplexed optical signal into an electrical signal.
Example two:
the method for generating a phase-coded signal based on the first system of the embodiment includes the following steps:
step S1, the two single-wavelength light sources generate continuous light carriers, and the emitted light waves are: ein1(t)＝E0exp(jω1t)，Ein2(t)＝E0exp(jω2t) in which E0Expressed as the electric field amplitude, ω, of the input optical carrier1Center frequency, ω, of the optical carrier wave output by LD12For the center frequency of the output optical carrier of LD2, the two continuous optical carriers are weighted and superposed after passing through the wavelength division multiplexer and output a multiplexed optical signal;
step S2, the multiplexed optical signal is divided into two identical paths by the optical coupler, the radio frequency signal generated by the radio frequency signal generator is loaded on the phase modulator of the upper branch, the lower branch is an optical delay device, and the delay is tau0；
Step S3, the two signals are combined into one path by the optical coupler, the two processed beams of light with different wavelengths are separated by the wavelength division demultiplexer, and then the two processed beams of light pass through the digital signal S respectively1(t) ands2(t) one path is on and the other path is off;
and step S4, the two paths of continuous optical carriers are weighted and superposed after passing through the wavelength division multiplexer and output a path of multiplexing optical signal, and the multiplexing optical signal passes through a photoelectric detector and outputs an electric signal.
In steps S1 to S4, for the input and output process of the signal, the specific theoretical derivation is as follows:
wherein, ω is1Center frequency, ω, of the optical carrier wave output by LD12For the center frequency of the optical carrier wave output by LD2, x (t) cos ωst, alpha is modulation depth alpha ═ pi V of radio frequency signals/Vπ，τ0The delay introduced for the optical delay.
ωsFor the frequency of the input radio-frequency signal, VsFor the amplitude, V, of the input radio-frequency signalπIs the half wave voltage of the modulator.
The modulated signal can be represented as PD
I(t)∝[1+cos(αx(t)-ω1τ0)]A1(t)+[1+cos(αx(t)-ω2τ0)]A2(t)
And x (t) cos ωsAnd t, expanding the expression by a Bessel function to obtain:
I(t)∝[1+J0(α)cosω1τ0+sinω1τ0[2J1(α)cos(ωst)]]A1(t)
+[1+J0(α)cosω2τ0+sinω2τ0[2J1(α)cos(ωst)]]A2(t)
wherein, JnRepresenting the bessel expansion coefficient, the high order sidebands are negligible due to the small signal modulation.
When s is1(t)＝[1,0,1,0],s2(t)＝[0,1,0,1]The time passes through PD to generate phase coding informationNumber (n). In summary, the invention discloses a phase encoding method and system based on a delay line interferometer. The system comprises two single-wavelength light sources with different central frequencies, a phase modulator, two wavelength division multiplexers, two couplers, a radio-frequency signal generator, an optical delayer, a wavelength division demultiplexer, an intensity modulator, a PPG (pulse pattern generator) and a photoelectric detector, wherein the system utilizes the two single-wavelength light sources to provide two continuous optical carriers with different wavelengths, firstly combines the two optical carriers into one path through the wavelength division multiplexer, and then simultaneously modulates different phase shifts and radio-frequency signals brought by the same time delay onto the optical carriers with different frequencies; separating two paths of signals with different frequencies by a wavelength division demultiplexer, controlling the on-off of the two paths of signals by two intensity modulators controlled by PPG, and when one path is on, the other path is off; the two signals are combined into one path by the wavelength division multiplexer and pass through the photoelectric detector, so that a phase coding signal with phase jump is generated. The technical scheme of the invention realizes the generation of the phase coding signal by utilizing the optical delayer and the optical switch, and simultaneously, the system has simple structure and is easy to operate and integrate.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. Phase coding system based on delay line interferometer, characterized by including: the device comprises a first single-wavelength light source (1), a second single-wavelength light source (2), a first wavelength division multiplexer (3), a first optical coupler (4), a signal generator (5), a phase modulator (6), an optical delayer (7), a second optical coupler (8), a wavelength demultiplexer (9), a first intensity modulator (10), a PPG (11), a second intensity modulator (12), a second wavelength division multiplexer (13) and a photoelectric detector (14), wherein the first single-wavelength light source (1) and the second single-wavelength light source (2) are respectively connected with two ports of the first wavelength division multiplexer (3) through optical fibers; the first wavelength division multiplexer (3) is connected with the first optical coupler (4) through an optical fiber; two ports of the first optical coupler (4) are respectively connected with the phase modulator (6) and the optical delayer (7) through optical fibers; the signal generator (5) is connected with the upper port of the phase modulator (6); two output ports of the phase modulator (6) and the optical delayer (7) are respectively connected with the second optical coupler (8) through optical fibers; the output port of the second optical coupler (8) is connected with the wavelength division demultiplexer (9) through an optical fiber, and the wavelength division demultiplexer (9) is connected with the first intensity modulator (10) and the second intensity modulator (12) through optical fibers respectively; two ports of the PPG (11) are respectively connected with a first intensity modulator (10) and a second intensity modulator (12); the output ports of the first intensity modulator (10) and the second intensity modulator (12) are respectively connected with the second wavelength division multiplexer (13) through optical fibers, and the second wavelength division multiplexer (13) and the photoelectric detector (14) are connected through the optical fibers.
2. A method based on the phase encoding system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, two single-wavelength light sources generate continuous light carriers, and the two continuous light carriers are weighted and superposed after passing through the wavelength division multiplexer and output a multiplexing optical signal;
s2, the multiplexed optical signal is divided into two identical paths by the optical coupler, one path modulates the time signal x (t) by the phase modulator, the other path passes through the optical delay line, the delay is tau0；
S3, combining the two signals into one path by optical coupler, separating the two processed beams with different wavelengths by wavelength demultiplexer, and passing through digital signal S1(t) and s2(t) one path is on and the other path is off;
and S4, the two paths of continuous optical carriers are weighted and superposed after passing through the wavelength division multiplexer and output a path of multiplexing optical signal, and the optical signal is converted into an electric signal through the photoelectric detector.
3. The phase encoding method based on the line-of-delay interferometer of claim 2, wherein in step S1, the wavelengths of the two optical carrier signals are λ1And λ2Corresponding to an angular frequency of ω1And ω2。
4. The phase encoding method based on the delay line interferometer of claim 2 or 3, wherein in step S2, the delay τ is0The conditions are satisfied as follows: omega1τ0＝π/2，ω2τ0＝3π/2。
5. The phase encoding method based on the line-delay interferometer of claim 4, wherein in step S3, the optical switch is an intensity modulator with a half-wave voltage VπModulation function H of two intensity modulators1(t) and H2(t) satisfies
Wherein s is1(t) a first digital signal, s, representing the PPG output2(t) a second digital signal representative of the PPG output;
m＝πVs/Vπ，Vπis a half-wave voltage, V, of an intensity modulatorsThe amplitude of the digital signal is output for the PPG.
6. The phase encoding method based on the delay line interferometer of claim 5, wherein the amplitude of the PPG output digital signal satisfies: vs/Vπ＝1/4。
7. The phase encoding method based on the line delay interferometer of claim 6, wherein when one path of the digital signal output by the PPG is 1, the other path is-1.
8. The phase encoding method based on the line delay interferometer of claim 7, wherein when the PPG input signal is 1, the optical switch is in an on state; when the PPG input signal is-1, the optical switch is in an off state.
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