CN114035351B - Multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter - Google Patents

Multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114035351B
CN114035351B CN202111290618.2A CN202111290618A CN114035351B CN 114035351 B CN114035351 B CN 114035351B CN 202111290618 A CN202111290618 A CN 202111290618A CN 114035351 B CN114035351 B CN 114035351B
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acoustic
band
optical
acousto
optical mode
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CN114035351A (en
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李欢
潘炳呈
戴道锌
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/11Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on acousto-optical elements, e.g. using variable diffraction by sound or like mechanical waves
    • G02F1/116Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on acousto-optical elements, e.g. using variable diffraction by sound or like mechanical waves using an optically anisotropic medium, wherein the incident and the diffracted light waves have different polarizations, e.g. acousto-optic tunable filter [AOTF]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/11Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on acousto-optical elements, e.g. using variable diffraction by sound or like mechanical waves
    • G02F1/125Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on acousto-optical elements, e.g. using variable diffraction by sound or like mechanical waves in an optical waveguide structure

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter. The acousto-optic filter is composed of an acousto-optic waveguide and an optical mode beam splitter, wherein a reconfigurable multimode waveguide grating is formed by exciting one or more acoustic modes in the acousto-optic waveguide part, so that the input optical mode is converted into another optical mode in the same direction or in opposite directions in a phase matching wave band, and the two optical modes are separated by the optical mode beam splitter to realize band-pass or band-stop filtering. And the synthesized time-varying waveguide grating can be formed by exciting the co-propagation of a plurality of sound waves with different frequencies, so that the independent switching of a plurality of common-path wave bands and the regulation and control of the filtering spectrum types are realized.

Description

Multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the fields of optical communication, optical interconnection, optical sensing technology and the like, is suitable for tunable filters in wavelength division multiplexing optical communication, optical interconnection, spectrum analysis, adjustable light sources and other systems, and particularly relates to a multi-band acousto-optic tunable filter.
Background
The tunable photon filter is an extremely important reconfigurable photon device and can be widely applied to wavelength division multiplexing optical communication and optical interconnection, spectrum analysis, adjustable light sources and the like. In particular to a high-capacity wavelength division multiplexing optical communication network, which is one of the basic architectures of the internet and the internet of things nowadays. The tunable photon integrated filter is a key for realizing flexible reconstruction of the wavelength division multiplexing optical network, is a physical basis of an elastic optical network for realizing real-time dynamic optimization of network structure and bandwidth allocation, faces important challenges in terms of how to realize a larger tuning range, adjustable filtering spectrum and the like, and has very important research significance.
At present, thermo-optic regulation is a common implementation scheme of a tunable photon integrated filter, and the device structure mainly comprises an array waveguide grating, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, a micro-ring resonator and a waveguide grating. Despite the great progress made in recent years, the mechanism of thermo-optic regulation determines the tuning range of its individual devices, typically only 10-20-nm at reasonable device power consumption and operating temperatures. Whereas practical dense wavelength division multiplexing systems occupy the bands C (1530-1565 nm) and L (1565-1625 nm), sparse wavelength division multiplexing systems can occupy the hundreds of nanometers (1270-1610 nm) of wavelength, which is difficult to reach with thermo-optic tunable filters. In addition, key indexes such as tuning speed (a few microseconds) and power consumption (tens of milliwatts and more) of the conventional typical thermo-optical device are required to be fully broken through.
The guided wave acousto-optic device provides a brand new thought for breaking through the difficult problem. From the classical physical perspective, the essence of guided wave acousto-optic regulation is to form a reconfigurable multimode waveguide grating by exciting one or more acoustic modes, so that flexible regulation of the light wave modes is realized, and the regulation mechanism, mode and freedom degree of the guided wave acousto-optic regulation are quite different from those of electro-optic, thermo-optic, magneto-optic and other regulation modes, so that the guided wave acousto-optic regulation has quite unique advantages in the aspect of realizing various reconfigurable photon integrated devices.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the background technology, the invention aims to provide a multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter which can realize band-pass or band-stop filtering and has the advantages of low power consumption, high tuning speed, ultra-large tuning range and the like. And the synthesized time-varying waveguide grating can be formed by exciting the co-propagation of a plurality of sound waves with different frequencies, so that the independent switching of a plurality of common-path wave bands and the regulation and control of the filtering spectrum types are realized.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter comprises an acousto-optic waveguide and an optical mode beam splitter, wherein an optical mode A is input into the acousto-optic waveguide, an acoustic mode is excited at the same time, a reconfigurable multi-mode waveguide grating is formed by exciting one or more acoustic modes, so that the input optical mode A is subjected to homodromous or reverse conversion in an optical band matched with an acousto-optic phase, and after the optical mode beam splitter splits, a band-stop filtered optical mode A and a band-pass filtered optical mode B are output.
The optical mode A is output to the acoustic optical waveguide through the optical mode beam splitter, an acoustic mode is excited, one or more acoustic modes are excited to form a reconfigurable multimode waveguide grating, the input optical mode A is reversely converted in an optical wave band matched with an acousto-optic phase, the optical mode A with band-stop filtering is output, and the optical mode B with band-pass filtering is output through the optical mode beam splitter.
The acoustic modes are single frequency or a plurality of different frequencies, and when the acoustic modes with the different frequencies are co-propagated in the acoustic optical waveguide, a synthesized time-varying waveguide grating is formed, so that the independent switching of a plurality of common-path wave bands and the regulation and control of the filtering spectrum types are realized.
The acoustic optical waveguide and optical mode beam splitter may be based on piezoelectric materials, or may be based on non-piezoelectric materials.
The optical mode A generates the same-direction or reverse-direction conversion in the acousto-optic phase matching optical wave band, adopts the conversion of different polarization modes or the conversion of different order modes, and the conversion efficiency of the optical mode is related to the kind of the acoustic mode excited in the acousto-optic waveguide.
SV 1 Acoustic mode pair TE 0 /TM 0 High conversion efficiency, SH 0 Acoustic mode pair TE 0 /TE 1 The conversion efficiency is high.
The length of the acoustic optical waveguide decreases with increasing acoustic power and increases with increasing acoustic loss.
When a plurality of acoustic modes of different frequencies co-propagate in the acoustic-optical waveguide, the acoustic modes are equally or unequally spaced to synthesize periodic or aperiodic sound waves.
The filtering spectrum type is regulated, the wavelength interval adjustment of the filtering wave band is realized by adjusting the frequency interval of the acoustic mode, and a flat-top filtering spectrum type can be generated.
The line width of the band-pass filter can be narrowed by cascading the input end of the acoustic-optical waveguide and the output end of the optical mode beam splitter for a plurality of times, wherein the output end of the odd-numbered stage unit is an optical mode B output, and the output end of the even-numbered stage unit is an optical mode A output.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has simple process and low cost. The multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter can realize band-pass or band-stop filtering, and has the advantages of low power consumption, high tuning speed, ultra-large tuning range and the like; and the synthesized time-varying waveguide grating can be formed by exciting the co-propagation of a plurality of sound waves with different frequencies, so that the independent switching of a plurality of common-path wave bands and the regulation and control of the filtering spectrum types are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of the single frequency acoustic mode action of the present invention using a multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter, where an input optical mode A undergoes a co-directional transition to another optical mode B.
FIG. 2 is a schematic transmission diagram of the single frequency acoustic mode action of the present invention employing a multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter, where the input optical mode A is inverted to another optical mode B.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of the multi-frequency acoustic mode action of the present invention using a multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter, where the input optical mode A undergoes a co-directional transition to another optical mode B.
FIG. 4 is an optical mode TE in a lithium niobate suspended waveguide in an embodiment of the invention 0
FIG. 5 is an optical mode TM in a lithium niobate suspended waveguide in an embodiment of the invention 0
FIG. 6 is an optical mode TE in a lithium niobate suspended waveguide in an embodiment of the invention 1
FIG. 7 is an acoustic mode SV in a lithium niobate suspended waveguide in an embodiment of the invention 1
FIG. 8 is an acoustic mode SH in a lithium niobate suspended waveguide in an embodiment of the invention 0
FIG. 9 is a TE of an embodiment of the invention 0 /TM 0 Single band filtered spectrum type of homodromous conversion.
FIG. 10 is a TE view of an embodiment of the invention 0 /TM 0 And the bi-frequency acoustic power waveform converted in the same direction.
FIG. 11 is a TE in an embodiment of the invention 0 /TM 0 The co-transformed dual band filter spectrum.
FIG. 12 is a TE in an embodiment of the invention 0 /TM 0 And the three-frequency acoustic power waveform converted in the same direction.
FIG. 13 is a TE view of an embodiment of the invention 0 /TM 0 And (3) the three-band spectrum type filter spectrum type of the homodromous conversion.
FIG. 14 is a TE view of an embodiment of the invention 0 /TM 0 The power waveform at the midpoint moment in the five-frequency sound wave period converted in the same direction.
FIG. 15 is a TE in an embodiment of the invention 0 /TM 0 Five wave bands converted in the same direction are synthesized into flat-top filtering spectrum type.
FIG. 16 is a TE of an embodiment of the invention 0 /TM 0 The five-frequency sound wave cycle power waveform converted in the same direction at the beginning and the end of the period.
FIG. 17 is a TE of an embodiment of the invention 0 /TM 0 Five-band spectral filtering of the same direction conversion.
FIG. 18 is a TE in an embodiment of the invention 0 /TE 1 The inverted single band is typically of the filtered spectrum type.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter includes an acoustic optical waveguide and an optical mode beam splitter, wherein an optical mode a is input into the acoustic optical waveguide, and an acoustic mode is excited at the same time, and one or more acoustic modes are excited to form a reconfigurable multi-mode waveguide grating, so that the input optical mode a is subjected to homodromous conversion in an optical band matched with an acousto-optic phase, and after being split by the optical mode beam splitter, the optical mode a with band-stop filtering and the optical mode B with band-pass filtering are output. Wherein, fig. 1 shows a single frequency, and fig. 3 shows a multi-frequency acoustic mode.
As shown in fig. 2, another multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter includes an acoustic optical waveguide and an optical mode splitter, where an optical mode a is output to the acoustic optical waveguide through the optical mode splitter, an acoustic mode is excited, and one or more acoustic modes are excited to form a reconfigurable multi-mode waveguide grating, so that the input optical mode a is reversely converted in an optical band matched with an acousto-optic phase, an optical mode a with band-stop filtering is output, and an optical mode B with band-pass filtering is output through the optical mode splitter.
The acoustic optical waveguide and the optical mode beam splitter can be based on a 400 nm thickness x-cut film lithium niobate wafer, the waveguide width is 0.8 mu m, and the side edge of the waveguide has an included angle of 30 degrees with the vertical direction due to the characteristic of the existing lithium niobate etching process. The transmission direction of the waveguide is z, and the acoustic waveguide is suspended for enhancing the acousto-optic interaction and reducing the acoustic loss.
There may be 3 optical modes in the acousto-optic waveguide, respectively TE 0 (FIG. 4), TM 0 (FIG. 5), TE 1 (FIG. 6). In the present embodiment, two examples are given for the mode of effecting the co-directional mode conversion by acousto-optic interaction, and one example is given for the mode of effecting the reverse mode conversion by acousto-optic interaction, but the practical alternative is not limited thereto. As in the case of the same-directional transformation of FIG. 1, the first is TE 0 And TM 0 Is the SV in the acoustic mode corresponding to the mutual conversion of (a) 1 (FIG. 7), an optical mode beam splitter is used to split TE 0 And TM 0 Separating; the second kind is TE 0 And TE (TE) 1 The acoustic mode corresponding to the mutual conversion is SH 0 (FIG. 8), an optical mode beam splitter is used to split TE 0 And TE (TE) 1 And (5) separating. By calculation, TE is calculated when the acoustic wave power is 0.1 mW 0 And TM 0 The length of the complete transition is approximately 389 μm, TE 0 And TE (TE) 1 The length of the complete transition is about 1063 μm. In the reverse transformation as in FIG. 2, TE is given 0 And TE (TE) 1 The acoustic mode corresponding to the mutual conversion is SH 0 (FIG. 8), the conversion efficiency increases with increasing length of the acoustic-optic waveguide, and the optical attenuation constant is about 200 m −1
In the following, TE is used 0 /TM 0 The same direction conversion is used as an example to give specific filter spectrum type calculation results.
For the acoustic mode shown in FIG. 1, the acoustic mode is a single frequency, TE 0 As optical mode a input, SV 1 As acoustic mode excitation, the acoustic wave has a wavelength of 4.55 μm, assuming negligible acoustic loss, an acoustic power of 0.1 mW constant, and a TE at a center wavelength of 1550nm over a common transmission distance of 389 μm 0 Complete conversion to TM 0 Then through the optical mode beam splitter, TE 0 The output end realizes band-stop filtering (TM) 0 The output terminal realizes band-pass filtering, and the spectrum of the band-pass filtering is shown in figure 9. There is no extra loss at the center wavelength, the filter bandwidth is 16 nm, and the sidelobe suppression ratio is about 10 dB.
For the case shown in fig. 3, the acoustic mode is set to be multi-frequency, and then multi-band filtering spectrum type modulation can be achieved. When the acoustic wave is of double frequencies at 76.5 MHz intervals, the change of the acoustic wave power along with the transmission distance is shown as a periodic change in FIG. 10, the filtering spectrum type is shown as a graph in FIG. 11, and the filtering spectrum type is double-band filtering; when the acoustic wave is 76.54 MHz and 76.5>The three frequencies of/4 MHz interval show the non-periodic variation of the sound wave power along with the transmission distance as shown in figure 12, and the filtering spectrum type shows the three-band filtering as shown in figure 13. In particular, when the acoustic wave is at five frequencies spaced at 7 MHz, the acoustic wave transmission period is longer than the transmission length, and the filter spectrum type has time-varying characteristics. For example, at the midpoint of the period, the acoustic wave spectrum is shown in fig. 14, the filter spectrum is shown in fig. 15, and a five-band synthetic flat-top filter spectrum is generated; at the beginning and end of the cycle, the acoustic spectrum pattern is shown in fig. 16, and the filter spectrum pattern is shown in fig. 17, resulting in a five-band general filter spectrum pattern.
In the following, TE is used 0 /TE 1 Reverse conversion to an example gives a specific spectral filter type calculation.
For the acoustic mode shown in FIG. 2, the acoustic mode is a single frequency, TE 0 As optical mode a input, SH 0 As acoustic mode excitation, the acoustic wave has a wavelength of 0.577 μm, the acoustic power is a constant value of 1 mW assuming negligible acoustic loss, and TE at a center wavelength of 1550nm is passed through a common transmission distance of 10 mm 0 About 95% reflection to TE 1 ,TE 0 TE with band-stop filtering and reflection at output end 1 Bandpass filtering is achieved via an optical mode beam splitter output, the bandpass filtering spectral pattern being shown in fig. 18. Loss at the center wavelength is-0.25 dB, the filter bandwidth being 3 nm.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of inputting an optical mode A into an acoustic optical waveguide with the width of 0.8 mu m based on a thickness of 400 nm thin film lithium niobate wafer and an optical mode beam splitter, exciting the acoustic mode simultaneously, forming a reconfigurable multimode waveguide grating by exciting one or more acoustic modes, enabling the input optical mode A to generate homodromous conversion in an optical wave band matched with an acoustic-optical phase, and outputting an optical mode A with band-stop filtering and an optical mode B with band-pass filtering after beam splitting by the optical mode beam splitter.
2. A multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of outputting an optical mode A to an acoustic optical waveguide with the width of 0.8 mu m through an optical mode beam splitter based on an acoustic optical waveguide and an optical mode beam splitter of a thin film lithium niobate wafer with the thickness of 400 and nm, exciting an acoustic mode, forming a reconfigurable multimode waveguide grating by exciting one or more acoustic modes, enabling the input optical mode A to be reversely converted in an optical wave band matched with an acousto-optic phase, outputting an optical mode A with band-stop filtering, and outputting an optical mode B with band-pass filtering through the optical mode beam splitter.
3. A multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter in accordance with claim 1 or 2, wherein: the acoustic modes are single frequency or a plurality of different frequencies, and when the acoustic modes with the different frequencies are co-propagated in the acoustic optical waveguide, a synthesized time-varying waveguide grating is formed, so that the independent switching of a plurality of common-path wave bands and the regulation and control of the filtering spectrum types are realized.
4. A multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter in accordance with claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the acoustic optical waveguide and optical mode beam splitter may be based on piezoelectric materials, or may be based on non-piezoelectric materials.
5. A multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter in accordance with claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the optical mode A generates the same-direction or reverse-direction conversion in the acousto-optic phase matching optical wave band, adopts the conversion of different polarization modes or the conversion of different order modes, and the conversion efficiency of the optical mode is related to the kind of the acoustic mode excited in the acousto-optic waveguide.
6. The multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter of claim 5 wherein:
SV 1 acoustic mode pair TE 0 /TM 0 High conversion efficiency, SH 0 Acoustic mode pair TE 0 /TE 1 The conversion efficiency is high.
7. A multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter in accordance with claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the length of the acoustic optical waveguide decreases with increasing acoustic power and increases with increasing acoustic loss.
8. A multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter in accordance with claim 3, wherein:
when a plurality of acoustic modes of different frequencies co-propagate in the acoustic-optical waveguide, the acoustic modes are equally or unequally spaced to synthesize periodic or aperiodic sound waves.
9. The multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter of claim 8 wherein:
the filtering spectrum type is regulated, the wavelength interval adjustment of the filtering wave band is realized by adjusting the frequency interval of the acoustic mode, and a flat-top filtering spectrum type can be generated.
10. A multi-band acousto-optic tuning filter in accordance with claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the line width of the band-pass filter can be narrowed by cascading the input end of the acoustic-optical waveguide and the output end of the optical mode beam splitter for a plurality of times, wherein the output end of the odd-numbered stage unit is an optical mode B output, and the output end of the even-numbered stage unit is an optical mode A output.
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