CN113983759A - Integrated internal purification helium liquefying device - Google Patents

Integrated internal purification helium liquefying device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113983759A
CN113983759A CN202111269002.7A CN202111269002A CN113983759A CN 113983759 A CN113983759 A CN 113983759A CN 202111269002 A CN202111269002 A CN 202111269002A CN 113983759 A CN113983759 A CN 113983759A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
flow channel
helium
unit
gas
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Pending
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CN202111269002.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
向润清
江蓉
赖勇杰
程香
李亮
李自飞
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Sichuan Air Separation Plant Group Co ltd
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Sichuan Air Separation Plant Group Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111269002.7A priority Critical patent/CN113983759A/en
Publication of CN113983759A publication Critical patent/CN113983759A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0005—Light or noble gases
    • F25J1/0007—Helium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B23/00—Noble gases; Compounds thereof
    • C01B23/001—Purification or separation processes of noble gases
    • C01B23/0036—Physical processing only
    • C01B23/0052—Physical processing only by adsorption in solids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F25J1/0224—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
    • F25J1/0237—Heat exchange integration integrating refrigeration provided for liquefaction and purification/treatment of the gas to be liquefied, e.g. heavy hydrocarbon removal from natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0263—Details of the cold heat exchange system using different types of heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/08—Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures or from liquefied gases or liquefied gaseous mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
    • C01B2210/0001—Separation or purification processing
    • C01B2210/0009—Physical processing
    • C01B2210/0014—Physical processing by adsorption in solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
    • C01B2210/0029—Obtaining noble gases
    • C01B2210/0031—Helium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/04—Recovery of liquid products
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/30—Helium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/02—Separating impurities in general from the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/20—Integration in an installation for liquefying or solidifying a fluid stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/04—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
    • F25J2270/06—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with multiple gas expansion loops

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical gas separation and liquefaction, and provides an integrated internally-purified helium liquefying device which comprises a purifying unit for purifying raw material helium, a liquefying unit for liquefying high-purity helium and a precooling unit for providing precooling cold, wherein the liquefying unit is communicated with the purifying unit through a gas supplementing channel, and the purifying unit and the liquefying unit are coupled in a heat exchanger with the same temperature zone; when the gas supplementing channel is completely closed, the whole device operates in a purification mode to prepare high-purity helium; when the gas supplementing channel is fully opened, the whole device is operated in a liquefying mode to prepare liquid helium. The purification unit and the liquefaction unit are coupled in the heat exchanger in the same temperature area, so that the number of the heat exchangers and the loss of cooling capacity are reduced, the size of the vacuum cooling box is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the vacuum cooling box is reduced; in addition, through the adjustment of the gas supplementing channel, the random switching of three operation modes of helium purification, helium liquefaction, helium purification and liquefaction mixing can be realized, and the problem of single product is solved.

Description

Integrated internal purification helium liquefying device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical gas separation and liquefaction, in particular to an integrated internal purification helium liquefying device.
Background
The helium gas required by the helium liquefying device has higher requirement on the purity, and in order to avoid freezing and blocking of impurities in the helium gas during the process of liquefying the helium gas, the helium gas is usually purified before the helium gas is liquefied, and currently, the commonly used purifying method comprises two types of external purification and internal purification.
The external purification is generally to remove impurities in the raw material helium by a low-temperature adsorption method outside a helium liquefaction cold box, and a cold source leads out a strand of low-temperature helium from the liquefaction cold box. The internal purification is to introduce a low-temperature helium gas into a purification heat exchanger in a liquefaction cold box to cool the raw material helium gas, and then remove impurities in the raw material helium gas through low-temperature adsorption or solidification. However, the above external purification and internal purification methods are solutions in which separate heat exchangers are used for purification and liquefaction, which not only increases the cost, but also increases the size of the liquefaction cooling tank, thereby increasing the cooling loss of the liquefaction apparatus; in addition, the final product only contains liquid helium, and the output product is single.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an integrated internally-purified helium liquefying device, which aims to solve the problems of large quantity of heat exchangers and large loss of cold energy of the conventional helium liquefying device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an integrated in-purified helium gas liquefaction plant comprising:
the purification unit is used for purifying helium serving as a raw material to prepare high-purity helium;
the liquefying unit is communicated with the purifying unit through a gas supplementing channel and is used for liquefying high-purity helium gas to prepare liquid helium; and
the precooling unit is used for providing precooling cold energy for liquefying the high-purity helium gas;
wherein the purification unit and the liquefaction unit are coupled in a heat exchanger at the same temperature zone; when the gas supplementing channel is completely closed, the whole device operates in a purification mode to prepare high-purity helium; when the gas supplementing channel is fully opened, the whole device is operated in a liquefying mode to prepare liquid helium.
In one embodiment of the disclosure, the purification unit includes a raw material helium inlet pipe, a first flow channel of a first heat exchanger, a first adsorber, a first flow channel of a second heat exchanger, a first flow channel of a third heat exchanger, a second adsorber, a fourth flow channel of the third heat exchanger, a fourth flow channel of the second heat exchanger, a fourth flow channel of the first heat exchanger, and a high-purity helium outlet pipe, which are sequentially connected through a pipeline.
In one embodiment disclosed in the present application, the air supply passage includes an air supply pipeline and an air supply valve installed on the air supply pipeline;
one end of the gas supplementing pipeline is communicated with the high-purity helium gas outlet pipe, and the other end of the gas supplementing pipeline is communicated with the liquefaction unit.
In one embodiment disclosed herein, the liquefaction unit comprises a recycle compressor process gas flow channel, a first heat exchanger second flow channel, a second heat exchanger second flow channel, a third heat exchanger second flow channel, a fourth heat exchanger second flow channel, a fifth heat exchanger first flow channel, a sixth heat exchanger first flow channel, a throttle valve, a liquid helium storage tank, a sixth heat exchanger second flow channel, a fifth heat exchanger second flow channel, a fourth heat exchanger third flow channel, a third heat exchanger third flow channel, a second heat exchanger third flow channel, a first heat exchanger third flow channel, and a recycle compressor inlet, which are sequentially connected by a pipeline;
and the process gas flow passage outlet of the circulating compressor is converged with the gas supplementing pipeline.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, the pre-cooling unit includes a fifth flow channel of the first heat exchanger, and a medium flowing in the fifth flow channel is liquid nitrogen.
In one embodiment disclosed herein, the system further comprises a refrigeration unit for providing cold energy of low-temperature adsorption to the purification unit;
the refrigeration unit comprises a connecting pipeline branch port of a second heat exchanger second flow channel and a third heat exchanger second flow channel which are connected in sequence through a pipeline, a regulating valve, a first expander process gas flow channel, a fourth heat exchanger first flow channel, a second expander process gas flow channel, and a connecting pipeline junction port of a sixth heat exchanger second flow channel and a fifth heat exchanger second flow channel.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first to sixth heat exchangers, the first adsorber, the second adsorber, the first expander expansion port and the second expander expansion port are all integrated within a vacuum cooling box.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger, the fifth heat exchanger, and the sixth heat exchanger are all plate-fin heat exchangers;
the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger are multi-flow heat exchangers, and the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger are double-flow heat exchangers.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first adsorber and the second adsorber are both low temperature adsorbers.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first expander and the second expander are gas bearing turboexpanders.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the purification unit and the liquefaction unit are coupled in the heat exchanger in the same temperature area, so that the number of the heat exchangers and the loss of cooling capacity are reduced, the size of the vacuum cooling box is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the vacuum cooling box is reduced; in addition, through the adjustment of the gas supplementing channel, the random switching of three operation modes of helium purification, helium liquefaction, helium purification and liquefaction mixing can be realized, and the problem of single product is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.
The reference numerals are explained below:
a01, a first adsorber, A02, a second adsorber;
c01, circulating compressor;
e01, a first heat exchanger, E02, a second heat exchanger, E03, a third heat exchanger, E04, a fourth heat exchanger, E05, a fifth heat exchanger, E06 and a sixth heat exchanger;
ET01, first expander, ET02, second expander;
SV01, liquid helium tank;
v01, an air compensating valve, V02, a throttle valve, V03 and a regulating valve.
Detailed Description
In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an integrated in-line purified helium gas liquefaction plant comprising:
the purification unit is used for purifying helium serving as a raw material to prepare high-purity helium;
the liquefying unit is communicated with the purifying unit through the gas supplementing channel and is used for liquefying high-purity helium gas to prepare liquid helium; and
the precooling unit is used for providing precooling cold energy for liquefying the high-purity helium gas;
wherein the purification unit and the liquefaction unit are coupled in a homothermal zone heat exchanger (i.e., a common heat exchanger); when the gas supplementing channel is completely closed, the whole device operates in a purification mode to prepare high-purity helium; when the gas supplementing channel is fully opened, the whole device is operated in a liquefying mode to prepare liquid helium.
The purification unit comprises a raw material helium inlet pipe, a first flow channel of a first heat exchanger E01, a first adsorber A01, a first flow channel of a second heat exchanger E02, a first flow channel of a third heat exchanger E03, a second adsorber A02, a fourth flow channel of a third heat exchanger E03, a fourth flow channel of a second heat exchanger E02, a fourth flow channel of the first heat exchanger E01 and a high-purity helium outlet pipe which are sequentially connected through pipelines. Specifically, raw material helium from a raw material helium inlet pipe is subjected to heat exchange with a pre-cooling unit through a first flow channel of a first heat exchanger E01, is cooled to about 80K, then enters a first adsorber A01 to remove impurities such as oxygen, nitrogen and argon through low-temperature adsorption, the raw material helium after impurity removal sequentially enters a first flow channel of a second heat exchanger E02 and a first flow channel of a third heat exchanger E03 to be cooled to about 30K, then enters a second adsorber A02, impurities such as neon and hydrogen in the raw material helium are removed through low-temperature adsorption in a second adsorber A02 to obtain low-temperature high-purity helium, then the low-temperature high-purity helium sequentially returns to a fourth flow channel of the third heat exchanger E03, a fourth flow channel of the second heat exchanger E02 and a fourth flow channel of the first heat exchanger E01 to be reheated to normal temperature to obtain high-purity helium, and the high-purity helium is discharged from a high-purity helium outlet pipe. Namely, the raw material helium is subjected to two times of low-temperature adsorption and three times of reheating in a purification unit to obtain high-purity helium.
The air supply channel comprises an air supply pipeline and an air supply valve V01 arranged on the air supply pipeline, one end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the high-purity helium outlet pipe, and the other end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the liquefaction unit. Namely, the helium gas to be liquefied can be supplemented by adjusting the opening of the aeration valve V01, so that the demand proportion of the high-purity helium gas and the liquid helium gas of the product is adjusted, and different production demands are met.
The liquefaction unit comprises a circulating compressor C01 process gas flow channel, a first heat exchanger E01 second flow channel, a second heat exchanger E02 second flow channel, a third heat exchanger E03 second flow channel, a fourth heat exchanger E04 second flow channel, a fifth heat exchanger E05 first flow channel, a sixth heat exchanger E06 first flow channel, a throttle valve V02, a liquid helium storage tank SV01, a sixth heat exchanger E06 second flow channel, a fifth heat exchanger E05 second flow channel, a fourth heat exchanger E04 third flow channel, a third heat exchanger E03 third flow channel, a second heat exchanger E02 third flow channel, a first heat exchanger E01 third flow channel and a circulating compressor C01 inlet which are sequentially connected through pipelines (namely all the devices are connected end to form a circulating channel); the outlet of the process gas flow passage of the circulating compressor C01 is merged with the gas supplementing pipeline.
The pre-cooling unit mainly comprises a fifth flow channel of the first heat exchanger E01, wherein a medium flowing in the flow channel is liquid nitrogen, namely the liquid nitrogen is adopted to provide pre-cooling cold for liquefaction of high-purity helium gas.
The integrated internally purified helium liquefaction plant further comprises a refrigeration unit for providing cryogenically adsorbed refrigeration to the purification unit. Specifically, the refrigeration unit comprises a connecting pipeline branch port of a second flow channel of the second heat exchanger E02 and a second flow channel of the third heat exchanger E03, a regulating valve V03, a process gas flow channel of the first expander ET01, a first flow channel of the fourth heat exchanger E04, a process gas flow channel of the second expander ET02, and a connecting pipeline junction port of a second flow channel of the sixth heat exchanger E06 and a second flow channel of the fifth heat exchanger E05, which are sequentially connected through pipelines. The refrigeration unit is used as a branch channel of the liquefaction unit, and when a throttle valve V02 is closed, the refrigeration unit can form a circulating channel with a second channel of a fifth heat exchanger E05, a third channel of a fourth heat exchanger E04, a third channel of a third heat exchanger E03, a third channel of a second heat exchanger E02, a third channel of a first heat exchanger E01, a process gas channel of a circulating compressor C01, a second channel of a first heat exchanger E01 and a second channel of the second heat exchanger E02, so that cold energy is continuously provided for the purification unit to be adsorbed at low temperature for use.
The refrigeration unit and the liquefaction unit jointly form a refrigeration liquefaction circulation unit, the raw helium is subjected to low-temperature adsorption twice in the purification unit and then reheated to obtain high-purity helium, and the refrigeration liquefaction circulation unit provides refrigeration capacity for the raw helium purification and the high-purity helium liquefaction through cyclic helium compression expansion refrigeration. Specifically, the high-pressure circulating helium gas from the circulating compressor C01 enters the second flow channel of the first heat exchanger E01 and the second flow channel of the second heat exchanger E02 in sequence, is cooled to about 40K, and then is divided into two parts: a strand of high-pressure circulating helium as expansion helium sequentially enters a regulating valve V03 for controlling the flow, a first expansion machine ET01 process gas flow channel, a fourth heat exchanger E04 first flow channel and a second expansion machine ET02 process gas flow channel, then is mixed with low-pressure helium returned by the liquefaction unit, and enters a return flow channel of the liquefaction unit; the other high-pressure circulating helium gas from the second channel of the second heat exchanger E02 sequentially enters the second channel of the third heat exchanger E03, the second channel of the fourth heat exchanger E04, the first channel of the fifth heat exchanger E05 and the first channel of the sixth heat exchanger E06, is cooled to about 7K and then enters a throttle valve V02, the low-temperature high-pressure helium gas is cooled again through the throttle valve V02 to become a gas-liquid two-phase helium gas and then enters a liquid helium storage tank SV01, wherein, liquid-phase low-temperature liquid helium is deposited in a liquid helium storage tank SV01, low-temperature low-pressure helium gas (flash vapor) returns to a second flow passage of a sixth heat exchanger E06 and is mixed with expanded helium gas from a second expander ET02, and then the cold energy enters a second flow channel of a fifth heat exchanger E05, a third flow channel of a fourth heat exchanger E04, a third flow channel of a third heat exchanger E03, a third flow channel of a second heat exchanger E02 and a third flow channel of a first heat exchanger E01 in sequence to recycle and reheat the cold energy to normal temperature, and then the cold energy enters an inlet of a circulating compressor C01 to complete circulation.
According to the above, the purification unit and the liquefaction unit are coupled in three heat exchangers, namely a first heat exchanger E01, a second heat exchanger E02 and a third heat exchanger E03, in the same temperature region, the cold quantity required by the low-temperature adsorption of the raw material helium and the liquefaction of the high-purity helium, the cold quantity recovery, the reflux reheating and the like are completed in the three heat exchangers, and the number of the heat exchangers and the cold quantity loss are effectively reduced.
The first heat exchanger E01 to the sixth heat exchanger E06, the first adsorber A01, the second adsorber A02, the expansion end of the first expander ET01 and the expansion end of the second expander ET02 are all integrated in a vacuum cooling box (not shown in the figure), so that the size of the vacuum cooling box is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
In the present embodiment, the first heat exchanger E01, the second heat exchanger E02, the third heat exchanger E03, the fourth heat exchanger E04, the fifth heat exchanger E05 and the sixth heat exchanger E06 are all plate-fin heat exchangers; the first heat exchanger E01, the second heat exchanger E02, the third heat exchanger E03 and the fourth heat exchanger E04 are multi-flow heat exchangers, and the fifth heat exchanger E05 and the sixth heat exchanger E06 are double-flow heat exchangers. The plate-fin heat exchanger has the characteristics of compact structure, light weight, high heat transfer efficiency, capability of treating more than two media and the like, thereby further reducing the size of the vacuum cold box and reducing the loss of cold energy.
Both the first adsorber a01 and the second adsorber a02 are low temperature adsorbers. Specifically, the first adsorber a01 removes impurities such as oxygen, nitrogen, and argon by low-temperature adsorption in a liquid nitrogen temperature region (-about 196 ℃), and the second adsorber a02 removes impurities such as neon and hydrogen in the raw material helium by low-temperature adsorption at about 30K, thereby completing two-stage purification of the raw material helium.
The first expander ET01 and the second expander ET02 are gas bearing turbine expanders, and the braking ends of the gas bearing turbine expanders adopt fan braking or eddy current braking.
According to different production requirements, the helium liquefying device can realize the arbitrary switching of three operation modes of helium purification, helium liquefaction, helium purification and liquefaction mixing through the mutual opening and closing of the air supplementing valve V01 and the throttle valve V02. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) and (3) purification mode: and closing the air compensating valve V01 and the throttle valve V02, enabling the raw material helium to pass through the purification unit to obtain all high-purity helium products, closing a liquefaction unit of the refrigeration liquefaction circulating unit, and providing cold energy of low-temperature adsorption for the purification unit by the refrigeration unit through two-stage expansion refrigeration.
(2) A liquefaction mode: and the gas supplementing valve V01 is fully opened, the raw material helium enters the refrigeration liquefaction circulating unit through the gas supplementing valve V01 after passing through the purification unit, and finally the raw material helium is completely converted into product liquid helium.
(3) Purification and liquefaction mixing mode: and the gas supplementing valve V01 is partially opened, the raw material helium passes through the purification unit and then is supplemented with helium to be re-liquefied through the gas supplementing valve V01 according to the proportion of the required product, and the rest is used as a gaseous product.
In conclusion, the purification unit and the liquefaction unit are coupled in the heat exchanger in the same temperature area, so that the number of the heat exchangers and the loss of cooling capacity are reduced, the size of the vacuum cooling box is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the vacuum cooling box is reduced; in addition, through the adjustment of the gas supplementing channel, the random switching of three operation modes of helium purification, helium liquefaction, helium purification and liquefaction mixing can be realized, and the problem of single product is solved.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, so long as the technical solutions can be realized on the basis of the above embodiments without creative efforts, which should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An integrated in-line purified helium gas liquefaction plant, comprising:
the purification unit is used for purifying helium serving as a raw material to prepare high-purity helium;
the liquefying unit is communicated with the purifying unit through a gas supplementing channel and is used for liquefying high-purity helium gas to prepare liquid helium; and
the precooling unit is used for providing precooling cold energy for liquefying the high-purity helium gas;
wherein the purification unit and the liquefaction unit are coupled in a heat exchanger at the same temperature zone; when the gas supplementing channel is completely closed, the whole device operates in a purification mode to prepare high-purity helium; when the gas supplementing channel is fully opened, the whole device is operated in a liquefying mode to prepare liquid helium.
2. The integrated in-line purified helium liquefaction plant of claim 1, wherein said purification unit comprises a raw helium inlet tube, a first heat exchanger first flow channel, a first adsorber, a second heat exchanger first flow channel, a third heat exchanger first flow channel, a second adsorber, a third heat exchanger fourth flow channel, a second heat exchanger fourth flow channel, a first heat exchanger fourth flow channel, and a high purity helium outlet tube connected in sequence by piping.
3. The integrated in-purified helium liquefaction plant of claim 2, wherein:
the air supply channel comprises an air supply pipeline and an air supply valve arranged on the air supply pipeline;
one end of the gas supplementing pipeline is communicated with the high-purity helium gas outlet pipe, and the other end of the gas supplementing pipeline is communicated with the liquefaction unit.
4. The integrated in-purified helium liquefaction plant of claim 3, wherein:
the liquefaction unit comprises a circulating compressor process gas flow channel, a first heat exchanger second flow channel, a second heat exchanger second flow channel, a third heat exchanger second flow channel, a fourth heat exchanger second flow channel, a fifth heat exchanger first flow channel, a sixth heat exchanger first flow channel, a throttle valve, a liquid helium storage tank, a sixth heat exchanger second flow channel, a fifth heat exchanger second flow channel, a fourth heat exchanger third flow channel, a third heat exchanger third flow channel, a second heat exchanger third flow channel, a first heat exchanger third flow channel and a circulating compressor inlet which are sequentially connected through pipelines;
and the process gas flow passage outlet of the circulating compressor is converged with the gas supplementing pipeline.
5. The integrated internally purified helium gas liquefaction device as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein said pre-cooling unit comprises a fifth flow channel of the first heat exchanger, and a medium flowing in the fifth flow channel is liquid nitrogen.
6. The integrated in-purified helium liquefaction plant of claim 4, wherein:
the device also comprises a refrigeration unit which is used for providing cold energy of low-temperature adsorption for the purification unit;
the refrigeration unit comprises a connecting pipeline branch port of a second heat exchanger second flow channel and a third heat exchanger second flow channel which are connected in sequence through a pipeline, a regulating valve, a first expander process gas flow channel, a fourth heat exchanger first flow channel, a second expander process gas flow channel, and a connecting pipeline junction port of a sixth heat exchanger second flow channel and a fifth heat exchanger second flow channel.
7. The integrated internally purified helium liquefaction plant of claim 6, wherein said first through sixth heat exchangers, first adsorber, second adsorber, first expander expansion port and second expander expansion port are all integrated within a vacuum cold box.
8. The integrated in-purified helium liquefaction plant of claim 7, wherein:
the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger, the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger are all plate-fin heat exchangers;
the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger are multi-flow heat exchangers, and the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger are double-flow heat exchangers.
9. The integrated in-purified helium liquefaction plant of claim 7, wherein said first and second adsorbers are both cryogenic adsorbers.
10. The integrated in-purified helium liquefaction plant of claim 7 wherein said first and second expanders are gas bearing turboexpanders.
CN202111269002.7A 2021-10-29 2021-10-29 Integrated internal purification helium liquefying device Pending CN113983759A (en)

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Application publication date: 20220128