CN113896605A - Composition for inhibiting nitration reaction and fertilizer - Google Patents
Composition for inhibiting nitration reaction and fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113896605A CN113896605A CN202111304865.3A CN202111304865A CN113896605A CN 113896605 A CN113896605 A CN 113896605A CN 202111304865 A CN202111304865 A CN 202111304865A CN 113896605 A CN113896605 A CN 113896605A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly provides a composition for inhibiting nitration reaction and a fertilizer, wherein the composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 500 portions of dicyandiamide 250-; 10-30 parts of stem and leaf extract of a plant in the Thymelaeaceae family; the stem and leaf extract of the Thymelaeaceae plant contains a large amount of terpenoids, coumarins and volatile oil compounds, and is used together with dicyandiamide in a specific proportion, so that a synergistic effect can be exerted, the growth of nitrosobacteria can be inhibited to a great extent, ammonium salt or ammonia is inhibited from being converted into nitrous acid under the action of the nitrosobacteria, the nitrosation inhibition rate is improved, the dosage of dicyandiamide is reduced, and a better nitrification inhibition effect is exerted; and the growth of the lettuce seedlings has no toxic or side effect, the biomass of the lettuce can be improved, the content of nitrate in the lettuce can be reduced, and the quality of the lettuce can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a composition for inhibiting nitration reaction and a fertilizer.
Background
The vegetables are plant food essential for human life, and the nitrate content in the vegetables is higher than that in other plants. Nitrate is harmless to human body, but can be reduced into nitrite under the action of bacteria, and the nitrite can cause methemoglobinemia and can be combined with amide in human stomach and intestine to form ammonium nitrite to induce canceration of digestive system, so that it can seriously harm human health. Fertilization, especially chemical nitrogen fertilizers, is a significant cause of nitrate accumulation in vegetables. In recent years, chemical nitrification inhibitors mainly comprising pyrazole, pyrimidine, pyridine, thiazole, amide compounds and the like are developed and applied, and the chemical nitrification inhibitors can inhibit the propagation and activity of nitrifying bacteria or nitrosobacteria so as to inhibit the soil nitrification reaction process, keep nitrogen fertilizers in the soil in the form of ammonium ions for a long time, avoid the occurrence of high-concentration nitrite ions and nitrate ions, and have important significance for green production of vegetables.
For example, chinese patent document CN100391909A discloses a special pollution-reducing fertilizer for leaf vegetables production, which comprises nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and dicyandiamide or imidazole is used as nitrification inhibitor, and the nitrification inhibitor accounts for 6-12% of the available nutrient content of the nitrogen fertilizer, and the special pollution-reducing fertilizer can reduce the nitrate content of lettuce. However, the use of a large amount of chemical nitrification inhibitor can cause toxicity to plant seedlings and affect the growth of the seedlings, and if the amount of the chemical nitrification inhibitor is reduced, the capacity of the chemical nitrification inhibitor for inhibiting nitrification reaction is greatly reduced, so that the content of nitrate nitrogen in soil is increased, and the reduction of the content of nitrate in plants is not facilitated. Therefore, how to maintain a high nitrification inhibition effect while reducing the dosage of the chemical nitrification inhibitor is one of the important problems that developers need to solve urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to reduce the dosage of the nitrification inhibitor as much as possible and increase the yield of vegetables on the premise of reducing the nitrate content of the vegetables to a greater extent, thereby providing a fertilizer for inhibiting the nitrification reaction and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a composition for inhibiting nitration reaction, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
dicyandiamide: 250-500 parts;
extract of stems and leaves of plants of the family of Thymelaeaceae: 10-30 parts.
Further, the extract of stems and leaves of the reshorbiaceae plant is an extract obtained by extracting stems and leaves of the reshorbiaceae plant with an extraction solvent to obtain an extract and drying the extract.
Further, the Thymelaeaceae plant is Stellera chamaejasme Linn (scientific name) or Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Merr (scientific name) Spreng) of Thymelaeaceae.
Further, the extraction is ultrasonic extraction.
Further, in the ultrasonic extraction process, the material-liquid ratio is controlled to be 1 g: 20-80ml, and repeatedly extracting for 2-5 times.
Further, filtering the extract after ultrasonic extraction, combining the supernatants, and concentrating and drying the supernatant to obtain the stem and leaf extract of the Thymelaeaceae plant.
Further, the extraction solvent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, dichloromethane, acetone and ethyl acetate or a mixed solution of at least one and water.
Further, the extraction solvent is dichloromethane, water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1: 1.
Further, the mass ratio of the dicyandiamide to the stem and leaf extract of the reshorbiaceae plant is 250: 10, 250: 30, 500: 10 and 500: 30, preferably 500: 10.
the invention also provides a fertilizer for inhibiting nitration reaction, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass,
0.2-0.5 wt% of the composition for inhibiting nitration reaction;
99.5 to 99.8 weight percent of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
Further, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer comprises calcium superphosphate, urea and potassium sulfate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the fertilizer for inhibiting the nitration reaction, which is characterized in that dicyandiamide and stem leaf extracts of the Thymelaeaceae plants are uniformly mixed, and then nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are added and uniformly mixed to obtain the fertilizer.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the composition for inhibiting nitration reaction provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: dicyandiamide: 250-500 parts; 10-30 parts of stem and leaf extract of a plant in the Thymelaeaceae family; the stem and leaf extract of the Thymelaeaceae plant contains a large amount of terpenoids, coumarins and volatile oil compounds, can be used together with dicyandiamide, and has a synergistic effect in a specific proportion, so that the growth of nitrosobacteria can be greatly inhibited, ammonium salt or ammonia is inhibited from being converted into nitrous acid under the action of the nitrosobacteria, the nitrosation inhibition rate is improved, a better nitrification inhibition effect is exerted, and the synergistic purpose is achieved. The dosage of dicyandiamide is reduced, a higher nitrification inhibition effect can be kept, the nitrate nitrogen content in soil is reduced, the nitrate content of lettuce is further reduced, the toxic and side effects of nitrification inhibitors on plant growth are reduced, and the quality and the yield of lettuce are improved.
2. According to the composition for inhibiting nitration reaction, the extraction solvent can adopt at least one of methanol, ethanol, dichloromethane, acetone and ethyl acetate or a mixed solution of at least one of methanol, ethanol, dichloromethane, acetone and ethyl acetate and water, and the extract obtained by extracting and drying stellera chamaejasme of the Thymelaeaceae is selected as an extraction reagent according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1, so that the extract has a better inhibiting effect on nitrosobacteria.
Detailed Description
Example 1
This example provides a composition for inhibiting nitration, which is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
(1) drying and crushing stems and leaves of stellera chamaejasme, and mixing the dried and crushed stems and leaves according to a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: adding 65% ethanol water solution into 30ml, ultrasonic extracting for 30min, and filtering to obtain supernatant and residue. Extracting the residue for 2 times, filtering, collecting supernatant, and mixing to obtain extractive solution. Concentrating the extractive solution at 37 deg.C with rotary evaporator, and lyophilizing to remove organic solvent to obtain extract of stem and leaf of Thymelaeaceae plant.
(2) Weighing 1g of the stem and leaf extract of the Thymelaeaceae plant and 25g of dicyandiamide, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant.
The embodiment also provides a fertilizer for inhibiting the nitration reaction, which comprises 0.02kg of the composition for inhibiting the nitration reaction, 5.53kg of calcium superphosphate, 2.41kg of urea and 2.04kg of potassium sulfate; the preparation method comprises weighing the above raw materials by weight, and mixing well.
Example 2
This example provides a composition for inhibiting nitration, which is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
(1) drying and crushing stems and leaves of stellera chamaejasme, and mixing the materials according to a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: adding 30ml of mixed solvent of ethanol and dichloromethane with volume ratio of 1:1, ultrasonic extracting for 30min, filtering to obtain supernatant and residue, extracting the residue for 2 times, filtering, collecting supernatant, and mixing to obtain extractive solution. Concentrating the extractive solution at 37 deg.C with rotary evaporator, and lyophilizing to remove organic solvent to obtain extract of stem and leaf of Thymelaeaceae plant.
(2) Weighing 1g of the stem and leaf extract of the Thymelaeaceae plant and 25g of dicyandiamide, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant.
The embodiment also provides a fertilizer for inhibiting the nitration reaction, which comprises 0.02kg of the composition for inhibiting the nitration reaction, 5.53kg of calcium superphosphate, 2.41kg of urea and 2.04kg of potassium sulfate; the preparation method comprises weighing the above raw materials by weight, and mixing well.
Example 3
This example provides a composition for inhibiting nitration, which is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
(1) drying and crushing stems and leaves of stellera chamaejasme, and mixing the dried and crushed stems and leaves according to a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: adding 30ml of mixed solution (the mixed solution is dichloromethane, water and ethanol with volume ratio of 1:1: 1), ultrasonic extracting for 30min, filtering to obtain supernatant and residue, extracting the residue for 2 times, collecting supernatant, filtering, and mixing to obtain extractive solution. Concentrating the extractive solution at 37 deg.C with rotary evaporator, and lyophilizing to remove organic solvent to obtain extract of stem and leaf of Thymelaeaceae plant.
(2) Weighing 1g of the stem and leaf extract of the Thymelaeaceae plant and 25g of dicyandiamide, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant.
The embodiment also provides a fertilizer for inhibiting the nitration reaction, which comprises 0.02kg of the composition for inhibiting the nitration reaction, 5.53kg of calcium superphosphate, 2.41kg of urea and 2.04kg of potassium sulfate; the preparation method comprises weighing the above raw materials by weight, and mixing well.
Example 4
This example provides a composition for inhibiting nitration, which is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
(1) drying and crushing stems and leaves of stellera chamaejasme, and mixing the materials according to a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: adding ethyl acetate into 30ml, ultrasonic extracting for 30min, filtering to obtain supernatant and residue, extracting the residue for 2 times, filtering, collecting supernatant, and mixing to obtain extractive solution. Concentrating the extractive solution at 37 deg.C with rotary evaporator, and lyophilizing to remove organic solvent to obtain extract of stem and leaf of Thymelaeaceae plant.
(2) Weighing 1g of the stem and leaf extract of the Thymelaeaceae plant and 25g of dicyandiamide, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant.
The embodiment also provides a fertilizer for inhibiting the nitration reaction, which comprises 0.02kg of the composition for inhibiting the nitration reaction, 5.53kg of calcium superphosphate, 2.41kg of urea and 2.04kg of potassium sulfate; the preparation method comprises weighing the above raw materials by weight, and mixing well.
Example 5
This example provides a composition for inhibiting nitration, which is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
(1) drying and crushing stems and leaves of aquilaria sinensis of the Thymelaeaceae, and mixing the dried stems and leaves according to a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: adding 65% ethanol water solution into 30ml, ultrasonic extracting for 30min, and filtering to obtain supernatant and residue. Extracting the residue for 2 times, filtering, collecting supernatant, and mixing to obtain extractive solution. Concentrating the extractive solution at 37 deg.C with rotary evaporator, and lyophilizing to remove organic solvent to obtain extract of stem and leaf of Thymelaeaceae plant.
(2) Weighing 1g of the stem and leaf extract of the Thymelaeaceae plant and 25g of dicyandiamide, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plant.
The embodiment also provides a fertilizer for inhibiting the nitration reaction, which comprises 0.02kg of the composition for inhibiting the nitration reaction, 5.53kg of calcium superphosphate, 2.41kg of urea and 2.04kg of potassium sulfate; the preparation method comprises weighing the above raw materials by weight, and mixing well.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment also provides a fertilizer for inhibiting nitration reaction, which comprises 0.02kg of dicyandiamide, 5.53kg of calcium superphosphate, 2.41kg of urea and 2.04kg of potassium sulfate; the preparation method comprises weighing the above raw materials by weight, and mixing well.
Comparative example 2
The embodiment also provides a fertilizer for inhibiting nitration reaction, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) drying and crushing stems and leaves of stellera chamaejasme, and mixing the dried and crushed stems and leaves according to a material-liquid ratio of 1 g: adding 65% ethanol water solution into 30ml, ultrasonic extracting for 30min, and filtering to obtain supernatant and residue. Extracting the residue for 2 times, collecting supernatant, and mixing to obtain extractive solution. Concentrating the extractive solution at 37 deg.C with rotary evaporator, and lyophilizing to remove organic solvent to obtain extract.
(2) Weighing the above extract 0.02kg, calcium superphosphate 5.53kg, urea 2.41kg and potassium sulfate 2.04kg, and mixing well to obtain the final product.
Experimental example 1
1. Preparation of sample solution to be tested
A sample to be tested: the stem and leaf extract of the reshorea plant was prepared according to the step (1) of example 1, and the stem and leaf extract of the reshorea plant was dissolved in DMSO to obtain a mother liquor containing the stem and leaf extract at a concentration of 2mg/ml, and 0.1M Tris/HCl buffer was added to dilute the mother liquor to obtain a stem and leaf extract solution at a concentration of 10 μ g/ml and a stem and leaf extract solution at a concentration of 30 μ g/ml, respectively;
dissolving dicyandiamide in sterile water to obtain mother liquor with dicyandiamide concentration of 1mg/ml, and adding 0.1M Tris/HCl buffer solution for dilution to respectively obtain dicyandiamide solution with concentration of 250 mug/ml and dicyandiamide solution with concentration of 500 mug/ml.
Preparing a stem and leaf extract of a reshorea plant according to the step (1) of the example 1, dissolving the stem and leaf extract of the reshorea plant in DMSO to prepare a mother liquor containing the stem and leaf extract at a concentration of 2 mg/ml; dicyandiamide was dissolved in sterile water to prepare a mother liquor containing dicyandiamide at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Respectively taking the two mother solutions, adding 0.1M Tris/HCl buffer solution for dilution to respectively obtain combined sample solutions of 250 mu g/ml dicyandiamide and 10 mu g/ml stem leaf extract, 250 mu g/ml dicyandiamide and 30 mu g/ml stem leaf extract, 500 mu g/ml dicyandiamide and 10 mu g/ml stem leaf extract, and 500 mu g/ml dicyandiamide and 30 mu g/ml stem leaf extract;
the preparation method of the 0.1M Tris/HCl buffer solution comprises the following steps: dissolving 12.1g of Tris reagent in 800ml of sterile water, adjusting the pH to 8.0 by adopting concentrated HCl, and then fixing the volume to 1L by using the sterile water.
2. Cultivation and treatment of microorganisms
(1) Adding nitrosomonas Europe (NBRC 14298) into culture medium, culturing (aerobic) at 30 deg.C under 200rpm in dark condition, transferring for 7-9 days, and allowing to enter stationary phase. Centrifuging 7 days-cultured bacteria solution at 5000g for 20min, resuspending in Tris/HCl buffer solution until OD600 is about 1.0, concentrating by 55 times, and inoculating the above resuspended bacteria solution at 0.2 ml/bottlePutting into a triangular flask. The test is divided into 9 groups, namely 4 stem leaf extract and dicyandiamide combined groups, 2 dicyandiamide single groups, 2 stem leaf extract single groups and a blank group, wherein each group is provided with 3 parallel tests, the combined groups respectively add 2ml of the prepared combined sample solution into a centrifugal tube connected with heavy suspension bacteria liquid, 2ml of dicyandiamide solutions with different concentrations are respectively added into a centrifugal tube connected with heavy suspension bacteria liquid, 2ml of stem leaf extract solutions with different concentrations are respectively added into a centrifugal tube connected with heavy suspension bacteria liquid, 2ml of Tris/HCl buffer solution is added into a blank group into a centrifugal tube connected with heavy suspension bacteria liquid, and 0.5M [ NH ] is respectively added into each component4]2SO4Mu.l of the solution, 2.8ml of Tris/HCl buffer, was incubated in a water bath at 25 ℃ in the dark for 2 hours, followed by addition of 200. mu.l of allylthiourea (0.1mol/l) to terminate the nitrosation reaction.
The preparation method of the culture medium comprises the following steps: 3.3g of [ NH ]4]2SO4,2.94g KH2PO4,0.18gMgSO4·7H2O,0.027g CaCl2·2H2O,0.467g NaH2PO4,0.4g Na2CO3,1.5mg FeSO4And 0.133mg of CuSO4·5H2Dissolving O in 900ml of distilled water, adjusting the pH value to 8.0 by using 1M NaOH, and then adding sterile water to the constant volume of 1L.
(2) Diluting 200 μ l of the reacted mixture with deionized water to 5ml, adding 1ml of sulfanilic acid solution, shaking, standing for 5min, adding 1ml of N- (1-naphthyl) -ethylenediamine hydrochloride solution, shaking, and diluting with deionized water to 10 ml. Measuring absorbance at 540nm with deionized water as reference, and making NO by the same method2 -Thereby quantifying NO produced by the sample system2 -And calculating the nitrosation inhibition rate of the sample to be detected by the following formula. Nitrosation inhibition ratio (%) (1-sample to be tested NO)2 -Production/blank NO2 -Production amount) × 100%.
(3) And calculating the Q value. According to King's law Q ═ E (a + b)/(Ea + Eb-Ea × Eb), wherein E (a + b) is the inhibition rate when combined, i.e. the measured combined effect, Ea and Eb are the inhibition rates when used alone, the denominator (Ea + Eb-Ea × Eb) is the desired combined effect, and Q is the ratio of the two. When the Q value is 0.85-1.15, the combination effect of the two components is additive (+), the Q value is synergistic (++) when the Q value is 1.15-20, the Q value is more than 20 and is obvious synergistic (+++), the Q value is antagonistic when the Q value is 0.05-0.85, and the Q value is less than 0.05 and is obvious antagonism.
3. Results of the experiment
Table 1 shows that compared with the single use of dicyandiamide or the stem and leaf extract of the reshorea plant, the nitrosation inhibition rate of the combined group is significantly improved, wherein the nitrosation inhibition rate of the combined group (500: 10) is 66.8%, and Q values of the combined group (250: 10), the combined group (250: 30) and the combined group (500: 10) are all greater than 1.15, which indicates that the stem and leaf extract of the reshorea plant and the dicyandiamide are combined to produce a synergistic effect, and the mass ratio of the two is 500: the Q value is maximum at 10, and the synergistic effect is best.
TABLE 1 nitrosation inhibition ratio and Q value of nitrification inhibiting composition prepared in Experimental example
| Nitrosation inhibition ratio (%) | Q value | |
| Combined set (250: 10) | 49.1 | 1.21 |
| Combined set (250: 30) | 52.2 | 1.15 |
| Combined set (500: 10) | 66.8 | 1.33 |
| Combined set (500: 30) | 60.5 | 1.12 |
| Stem and leaf extract of Ruixianaceae plant (10 μ g/ml) | 15.2 | - |
| Stem and leaf extract of Ruixianaceae plant (30 μ g/ml) | 22.0 | - |
| Dicyandiamide (250 mug/ml) | 30.1 | - |
| Dicyandiamide (500. mu.g/ml) | 41.2 | - |
Experimental example 2
1. Preparation of sample solution to be tested
A sample to be tested: the compositions for inhibiting nitration prepared according to examples 1 to 5 were each dissolved in DMSO to give a stock solution having a concentration of 1mg/ml, and diluted with Tris/HCl buffer to give test sample solutions having concentrations of 6. mu.g/ml, 30. mu.g/ml, 150. mu.g/ml and 750. mu.g/ml, respectively.
The preparation method of the Tris/HCl buffer solution comprises the following steps: dissolving 12.1g of Tris reagent in 800ml of sterile water, adjusting the pH to 8.0 by adopting concentrated HCl, and then fixing the volume to 1L by using the sterile water.
2. Cultivation and treatment of microorganisms
(1) Adding nitrosomonas Europe (NBRC 14298) into culture medium, culturing (aerobic) at 30 deg.C under 200rpm in dark condition, transferring for 7-9 days, and allowing to enter stationary phase. Taking the bacterial liquid cultured for 7 days, centrifuging for 20min at the rotating speed of 5000g, resuspending in Tris/HCl buffer solution until OD600 is about 1.0, wherein the concentration multiple is 55 times, and inoculating the resuspended bacterial liquid into a triangular flask according to the amount of 0.2 ml/bottle. The test components are 20 groups, 2ml of the solutions of the extracts of the plants of the Thymelaeaceae and dicyandiamide obtained in examples 1-5 and the solutions of the samples to be tested with different concentrations are added, 2ml of Tris/HCl buffer solution is added to the blank group, and 0.5M [ NH ] is added to each group4]2SO4Mu.l of the solution, 2.8ml of Tris/HCl buffer, was incubated in a water bath at 25 ℃ in the dark for 2 hours, followed by addition of 200. mu.l of allylthiourea (0.1mol/l) to terminate the nitrosation reaction.
(2) Diluting 200 μ l of the reacted mixture with deionized water to 5ml, adding 1ml of sulfanilic acid solution, shaking, standing for 5min, adding 1ml of N- (1-naphthyl) -ethylenediamine hydrochloride solution, shaking, and diluting with deionized water to 10 ml. Measuring absorbance at 540nm with deionized water as reference, and making NO by the same method2 -Thereby quantifying NO produced by the sample system2 -And calculating the nitrosation inhibition rate of the sample to be detected by the following formula. Nitrosation inhibition ratio (%) (1-sample to be tested NO)2 -Production/blank NO2 -Production amount) × 100%. Computing IC50，IC50The concentration of the sample solution to be tested when the nitrosation inhibition rate is 50%.
3. Results of the experiment
IC's of examples 1-5, shown in Table 250205-50Is obviously lower than examples 1, 2 and 4, which shows that the extraction solvent has great influence on the nitrification inhibition capability of the Rutaceae plant stem and leaf extract, the example 3 adopts dichloromethane, water and ethanol with the volume ratio of 1:1:1 as the extraction reagent, the nitrification inhibition effect is best, and in addition, the IC of the example 150Is obviously lower than example 5, which shows that for the Thymelaeaceae plants, the combination of the stellera chamaejasme plant extract and dicyandiamide has better nitrification inhibition effect than the aquilaria sinensis.
TABLE 2 IC's of compositions prepared in examples 1-550
Experimental example 3
1. The experimental site: the test is carried out in a greenhouse of soil fertilizer and resource environment research institute of agricultural science institute of Jiangxi province.
2. Experimental materials: fertilizers prepared in examples 1-5 of the present invention and comparative examples 1-2.
3. Grouping experiments: the experiment was divided into 7 groups, i.e., lettuce test groups 1 to 5 and control groups 1 to 2, each group was repeated 10 times, with 5g of the fertilizer prepared in examples 1 to 5 being used for test groups 1 to 5, and 5g of the fertilizer prepared in comparative examples 1 to 2 being used for control groups 1 to 2. All the fertilizers in each group are uniformly mixed with soil to be used as base fertilizers, and then the fertilizers are not applied. 5kg of air-dried soil sieved by a 5mm sieve is filled in each flowerpot. The lettuce seeds adopt cauliflower seeds, the seeds are subjected to germination acceleration and seedling raising, after 1 true leaf of the lettuce seedling grows out, seedlings with good growth vigor are selected and transplanted into flowerpots respectively, 10 pots are formed in each group, and 3 seedlings are reserved in each pot. Harvesting the lettuce after 40 days after transplanting.
4. Measurement indexes are as follows: when in harvest, the lettuce is pulled up with roots, the integrity of plants and roots is kept, soil is cleaned, and the lettuce is weighed and produced. And (3) taking the 3 rd leaf below the heart leaf to obtain a lettuce sample, measuring the nitrate content of each group of lettuce samples by adopting an oscillation leaching ion chromatography, and measuring the nitrite content of each group of lettuce samples by adopting a sulfanilamide colorimetric method.
5. Results of the experiment
As can be seen from Table 3, the fresh weight of lettuce in each test group is obviously higher than that in the control group, which shows that the fertilizer prepared by the invention can improve the yield of lettuce, wherein the yield increasing effect of the test group 3 is most obvious. In addition, the nitrate content and the nitrite content of the lettuce in the test groups 1 to 5 are obviously lower than those of the control group, which shows that the fertilizer prepared by the invention can reduce the nitrate content and the nitrite content in the lettuce, improve the quality of the lettuce, and still has the best effect as the test group 3.
TABLE 3 fresh weight, nitrate and nitrite content of lettuce samples of each group
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composition for inhibiting nitration reaction is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
dicyandiamide: 250-500 parts;
extract of stems and leaves of plants of the family of Thymelaeaceae: 10-30 parts.
2. The composition for inhibiting nitration reaction according to claim 1, wherein the extract from stems and leaves of a plant of the family reshorbiaceae is an extract obtained by extracting stems and leaves of a plant of the family reshorbiaceae with an extraction solvent and drying the extract; the Thymelaeaceae plant is stellera chamaejasme of Thymelaeaceae or Aquilaria sinensis of Thymelaeaceae.
3. The nitrification reaction-inhibiting composition of claim 2, wherein the extraction is ultrasonic extraction.
4. The composition for inhibiting nitration reaction according to claim 3, wherein during the ultrasonic extraction process, the feed-liquid ratio is controlled to be 1 g: 20-80ml, repeatedly extracting for 2-5 times, filtering the extractive solution after ultrasonic extraction, mixing the supernatants, concentrating and drying to obtain stem and leaf extract of Rutaceae plant.
5. The composition for inhibiting nitration reaction according to claim 4, wherein said extraction solvent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, dichloromethane, acetone and ethyl acetate or a mixed solution of at least one and water.
6. The composition for inhibiting nitration reaction according to claim 4, wherein said extraction solvent is dichloromethane, water and ethanol at a volume ratio of 1:1: 1.
7. The composition for inhibiting nitration reaction according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the mass ratio of dicyandiamide to the extract of stems and leaves of a plant of the family Rutaceae is 250: 10, 250: 30, 500: 10 and 500: 30, preferably 500: 10.
8. a fertilizer for inhibiting nitration reaction is characterized by comprising, based on the total mass of the fertilizer,
0.2-0.5 wt% of the nitrification reaction inhibiting composition of any one of claims 1-7;
99.5 to 99.8 weight percent of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
9. The nitrification reaction inhibiting fertilizer of claim 8, wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer comprises calcium superphosphate, urea, and potassium sulfate.
10. A preparation method of a fertilizer for inhibiting nitration reaction is characterized in that dicyandiamide and stem and leaf extracts of plants in the Rutaceae are uniformly mixed, and then nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are added and uniformly mixed to obtain the fertilizer.
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| CN114560745A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-05-31 | 北京师范大学 | Application of suaeda salsa leaf extract as nitrification inhibitor |
| CN114573398A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-03 | 南昌工程学院 | Organic fertilizer for reducing nitrate content of lettuce leaves and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114560745A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-05-31 | 北京师范大学 | Application of suaeda salsa leaf extract as nitrification inhibitor |
| CN114573398A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-03 | 南昌工程学院 | Organic fertilizer for reducing nitrate content of lettuce leaves and preparation method thereof |
| CN114573398B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-07-25 | 南昌工程学院 | Organic fertilizer for reducing nitrate content of lettuce leaves and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113896605B (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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