CN113872363A - Rotor winding of three-phase cage type asynchronous motor convenient to start - Google Patents

Rotor winding of three-phase cage type asynchronous motor convenient to start Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113872363A
CN113872363A CN202111292119.7A CN202111292119A CN113872363A CN 113872363 A CN113872363 A CN 113872363A CN 202111292119 A CN202111292119 A CN 202111292119A CN 113872363 A CN113872363 A CN 113872363A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
end ring
blocks
rotor
elastic
parts
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Pending
Application number
CN202111292119.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谢俊铭
洪军
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Shanghai Kaijie New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Kaijie New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111292119.7A priority Critical patent/CN113872363A/en
Publication of CN113872363A publication Critical patent/CN113872363A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K17/00Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
    • H02K17/02Asynchronous induction motors
    • H02K17/16Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors
    • H02K17/165Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors characterised by the squirrel-cage or other short-circuited windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/30Windings characterised by the insulating material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2203/00Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the windings
    • H02K2203/09Machines characterised by wiring elements other than wires, e.g. bus rings, for connecting the winding terminations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotor winding of a three-phase cage-type asynchronous motor convenient to start, which comprises a plurality of conducting bars, end ring blocks and two end ring sleeves, wherein the conducting bars are arranged on the end ring blocks; the end ring sleeve is composed of a plurality of elastic blocks, end ring blocks and epoxy resin fillers, the guide bars comprise straight line parts located in the rotor core slot and two guide bar end parts located outside the rotor core slot, the straight line parts and the two guide bar end parts form a whole, the elastic blocks and the end ring blocks are arranged between the two guide bar end parts, the elastic blocks are located on the radial outer side, the end ring blocks are located on the radial inner side, and the epoxy resin fillers are located on the radial outer side of the guide bar end parts. The invention has the advantages of low manufacturing material cost, independent and parallel processing of the end ring sleeve and the accessory parts thereof, no influence on the production progress, simple processing and manufacturing and low production cost.

Description

Rotor winding of three-phase cage type asynchronous motor convenient to start
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-phase cage type asynchronous motor, in particular to a rotor winding of a three-phase cage type asynchronous motor convenient to start, which is applied to the three-phase cage type asynchronous motor with large torque/current ratio, heavy load starting and speed regulation and energy-saving operation of loads such as a fan and a pump.
Background
The three-phase cage type asynchronous motor has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in maintenance, low manufacturing cost and firmness and durability, and is a motor with the largest output, the most mature process and the most wide application in various industries.
However, the three-phase cage asynchronous motor has the inherent defects of low efficiency and low power factor, and particularly, the torque generated is small on the contrary due to large slip ratio, large loss of a stator and a rotor and large current in the starting stage of the motor; in the production, for loads with large load changes such as fans, pumps, compressors and the like, because the loss is large and the heat dissipation is poor, the speed regulation and energy conservation under the power frequency condition can not be adopted, and only the baffle and the like can be arranged in a pipeline to limit the flow to meet the production requirement.
As shown in fig. 1, in the conventional cage-type rotor winding, after a rotor core is manufactured, a conducting bar and two end rings are processed into a whole by adopting a copper casting or aluminum casting process. Aiming at the loaded starting and the speed-regulating and energy-saving operation of a three-phase cage type asynchronous motor, the traditional cage type asynchronous motor adopts the design technology of a deep groove, a double-cage rotor winding and a solid rotor, and the essence is that the rotor resistance is increased by utilizing the skin effect in the starting stage of the motor, so that the torque/current ratio in the starting stage is increased, and the loss in the speed-regulating and energy-saving operation stage is reduced; patent CN89212940.9 proposes a composite rotor scheme in which a main rotor and an auxiliary rotor are adopted as the rotors, and the coupling between the composite rotor and the stator is adjusted by a mechanical mechanism to realize energy-saving speed-regulating operation; patent CN95119410.0 proposes to add stator magnetic flux short-circuit ring at the rotor excircle, through the axial position of peripheral hardware adjustment stator magnetic flux short-circuit ring, realize energy-conserving speed governing operation, but traditional deep trouth, two squirrel-cage and solid rotor three-phase cage type asynchronous machine rotor magnetic leakage is big, bulky, the material quantity is big, the processing technology is complicated, high in manufacturing cost, patent CN89212940.9, CN95119410.0 all realize motor speed governing through the coupling degree of complicated peripheral hardware adjustment stator and rotor, also have bulky, the complicated problem of processing, though propose earlier still not obtain popularization and application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of simplifying the manufacturing process, improving the torque/current ratio of the three-phase cage asynchronous motor in the starting stage, improving the on-load starting capability, reducing the loss, improving the operation efficiency and realizing the speed-regulating and energy-saving operation of fans, pumps, compressors and the like with large load changes on the premise of not changing the overall structure of the motor.
The rotor winding of the three-phase cage type asynchronous motor convenient to start is realized by the following technical scheme: comprises a plurality of conducting bars, end ring blocks and two end ring sleeves;
the end ring sleeve is composed of a plurality of elastic blocks, end ring blocks and epoxy resin fillers, the guide bars comprise straight line parts located in the rotor core slot and two guide bar end parts located outside the rotor core slot, the straight line parts and the two guide bar end parts form a whole, the elastic blocks and the end ring blocks are arranged between the two guide bar end parts, the elastic blocks are located on the radial outer side, the end ring blocks are located on the radial inner side, and the epoxy resin fillers are located on the radial outer side of the guide bar end parts.
As a preferred technical scheme, the end ring block is in close contact with the end parts of the conducting bars on two sides, the end ring block compresses the elastic block under the action of centrifugal force when the rotor rotates, meanwhile, the contact area with the end parts of the conducting bars is changed, the contact area determines the resistance of the rotor, and the end ring block and the conducting bars form a conducting system of a rotor winding.
As a preferred technical scheme, the thickness of the epoxy resin filler is the same as that of the elastic block when the elastic block is compressed to the maximum extent, and the epoxy resin filler positions the end ring sleeve; the thickness of the elastic block in a complete release state, and the rotor resistance during starting to ensure that the critical slip ratio is 1 so as to generate the maximum starting torque; the radial height in the end collar sleeve is the sum of the thickness of the elastic block in the fully released state and the thickness of the end collar block.
As the preferred technical scheme, the elastic block adopts a polyurethane elastic block with softening temperature and thermal decomposition temperature higher than the insulation temperature rise limit of the motor, and the polyurethane elastic block is a non-magnetic and non-conductive material; the end ring sleeve is made of an insulating support material with high mechanical strength, high temperature resistance and good heat conducting property.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention improves the end ring design of the rotor winding on the premise of not changing the rotor structure and increasing the magnetic leakage and the motor volume, improves the torque/current ratio when the motor is started, meets the requirement of full load or heavy load starting of the motor, reduces the starting time and the impact of a power grid, keeps high-efficiency operation at rated rotating speed, has excellent performance, is self-adaptively applied to the speed-regulating and energy-saving operation of loads such as fans and pumps, promotes the application of the three-phase cage asynchronous motor, and has potential application and popularization values.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a rotor winding of a prior art cage-type asynchronous machine;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a rotor winding and its end ring sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a radial cross-sectional view of an end collar of the present invention at an axially central location;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a rotor winding of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an exploded view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outside", "upper", "inside", "horizontal", "coaxial", "central", "end", "length", "outer end", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Further, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
The use of terms such as "upper," "above," "lower," "below," and the like in describing relative spatial positions herein is for the purpose of facilitating description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. The spatially relative positional terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "sleeved," "connected," "penetrating," "plugged," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The rotor winding of the three-phase cage-type asynchronous motor convenient to start utilizes the centrifugal force generated when the rotor rotates to ensure that the resistance of the rotor can be linearly reduced along with the rising of the rotating speed, as shown in figures 2-5, the rotor winding comprises a plurality of conducting bars 1, end ring blocks 2 and two end ring sleeves 3;
the end ring sleeve 3 is composed of a plurality of elastic blocks 4, an end ring block 2 and epoxy resin filler 5, the guide bar 1 comprises a straight part positioned in a rotor core slot and two guide bar end parts positioned outside the rotor core, the straight part and the two guide bar end parts form a whole, one elastic block 4 and one end ring block 2 are arranged between the two guide bar end parts, the elastic block 4 is positioned on the radial outer side, the end ring block 2 is positioned on the radial inner side, and the epoxy resin filler 5 is positioned on the radial outer side of the end part of the guide bar 1.
In this embodiment, the end ring block 2 is in close contact with the end portions of the conducting bars 1 on both sides, the end ring block compresses the elastic block 4 under the action of centrifugal force when the rotor rotates, meanwhile, the contact area with the end portions of the conducting bars 1 is changed, the contact area determines the resistance of the rotor, and the end ring block 2 and the conducting bars 1 form a conducting system of the rotor winding.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the epoxy resin filler 5 is the same as the thickness of the elastic block 4 when compressed to the maximum extent, and the epoxy resin filler 5 positions the end ring sleeve 3; the thickness of the elastic block 4 in a complete release state, and the rotor resistance during starting to ensure that the critical slip ratio is 1 so as to generate the maximum starting torque; the radial height inside the end ring sleeve 3 is the sum of the thickness of the elastic block 4 in the fully released state and the thickness of the end ring block 2.
In the embodiment, the elastic block 4 is a polyurethane elastic block with softening temperature and thermal decomposition temperature higher than the insulation temperature rise limit of the motor, and is made of a non-magnetic and non-conductive material; the end ring sleeve 3 is made of an insulating support material with high mechanical strength, high temperature resistance and good heat conducting property, and is made of carbon fiber, ceramic and other materials.
The motor manufacturing process comprises the following steps:
the rotor winding and the accessory parts in the end ring sleeve can be manufactured in parallel, the conducting bar is manufactured by adopting the traditional copper casting or aluminum casting process after the rotor core is manufactured, the contact surface of the end part of the conducting bar and the end ring block needs to be subjected to the metal surface smoothing process, the accessory parts in the end ring sleeve are assembled firstly and then assembled with the end part of the conducting bar, finally, epoxy resin filling is filled, the end ring sleeve is positioned, and the connection with the conducting bar is reinforced.
The working principle is as follows:
when the motor is started, the elastic block is in a release state, only a small part of area of the end ring block is in contact with the end part of the conducting bar, the rotor resistance is large, enough starting torque is generated, and meanwhile, the current is small; along with the increase of the rotating speed of the rotor, the end ring block compresses the elastic block under the action of centrifugal force, the elastic block is in contact with the end part of the conducting bar to be increased, the resistance of the rotor is reduced, the slip ratio is reduced, and the torque and the current are basically kept unchanged; when the rotating speed reaches the rated rotating speed, the elastic block is compressed to the maximum extent, the contact area of the end ring block and the end part of the conducting bar is the largest, the rotor resistance is the smallest, and the motor keeps high-efficiency operation.
The beneficial effects are as follows:
(1) the motor has the advantages that the overall structural design of the motor is not changed, the rotor winding end ring is improved, the end ring sleeve is arranged to position and protect the accessory part, the torque/current ratio of the motor during starting is improved, and the starting capacity is improved.
(2) The centrifugal force generated by the end ring block is utilized to compress the elastic block, so that the linear change of the rotor resistance along with the change of the rotating speed is realized.
(3) In the starting stage, the centrifugal force generated by the end ring block is insufficient, the elastic block keeps a release state, the rotor resistance is high, and the motor generates high torque/current ratio.
(4) And in the rated rotating speed operation stage, the elastic block is in the maximum compression state, the thickness of the epoxy resin filler compensates the compressed thickness of the elastic block, the contact area of the end ring block and the end part of the guide bar is the largest, the resistance is the smallest, and the motor operates at high efficiency.
(5) When the machine is stopped, the centrifugal force generated by the end ring block is reduced, and the elastic block automatically restores to a release state.
(6) The performance influence of the rotor resistance in the motor starting and rated rotating speed operation stages is fully considered, the centrifugal force generated by the end ring block is utilized to compress the elastic body, the linear change of the rotor resistance along with the change of the rotating speed is realized, the full load/heavy load starting capability of the motor is further improved, and the impact of large starting current on a power grid is reduced.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a rotor winding of three-phase cage type asynchronous machine convenient to start which characterized in that: comprises a plurality of conducting bars, end ring blocks and two end ring sleeves;
the end ring sleeve is composed of a plurality of elastic blocks, end ring blocks and epoxy resin fillers, the guide bars comprise straight line parts located in the rotor core slot and two guide bar end parts located outside the rotor core slot, the straight line parts and the two guide bar end parts form a whole, the elastic blocks and the end ring blocks are arranged between the two guide bar end parts, the elastic blocks are located on the radial outer side, the end ring blocks are located on the radial inner side, and the epoxy resin fillers are located on the radial outer side of the guide bar end parts.
2. The rotor winding of a three-phase cage-type asynchronous motor easy to start according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end ring blocks are in close contact with the end parts of the conducting bars on two sides, the end ring blocks compress the elastic blocks under the action of centrifugal force when the rotor rotates, meanwhile, the contact area with the end parts of the conducting bars is changed, the contact area determines the resistance of the rotor, and the end ring blocks and the conducting bars form a conducting system of a rotor winding.
3. The rotor winding of a three-phase cage-type asynchronous motor easy to start according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the epoxy resin filler is the same as that of the elastic block when the elastic block is compressed to the maximum extent, and the epoxy resin filler positions the end ring sleeve; the thickness of the elastic block in a complete release state, and the rotor resistance during starting to ensure that the critical slip ratio is 1 so as to generate the maximum starting torque; the radial height in the end collar sleeve is the sum of the thickness of the elastic block in the fully released state and the thickness of the end collar block.
4. The rotor winding of a three-phase cage-type asynchronous motor easy to start according to claim 1, characterized in that: the elastic block is a polyurethane elastic block with softening temperature and thermal decomposition temperature higher than the insulation temperature rise limit of the motor, and is a non-magnetic and non-conductive material; the end ring sleeve is made of an insulating support material with high mechanical strength, high temperature resistance and good heat conducting property.
CN202111292119.7A 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 Rotor winding of three-phase cage type asynchronous motor convenient to start Pending CN113872363A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111292119.7A CN113872363A (en) 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 Rotor winding of three-phase cage type asynchronous motor convenient to start

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111292119.7A CN113872363A (en) 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 Rotor winding of three-phase cage type asynchronous motor convenient to start

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN113872363A true CN113872363A (en) 2021-12-31

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117318341A (en) * 2023-11-29 2023-12-29 山西电机制造有限公司 Cage rotor structure of three-phase asynchronous motor for reducing starting current and motor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117318341A (en) * 2023-11-29 2023-12-29 山西电机制造有限公司 Cage rotor structure of three-phase asynchronous motor for reducing starting current and motor
CN117318341B (en) * 2023-11-29 2024-03-22 山西电机制造有限公司 Cage rotor structure of three-phase asynchronous motor for reducing starting current and motor

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