CN113801946A - Molecular marker influencing sow reproductive performance, detection method and application thereof - Google Patents

Molecular marker influencing sow reproductive performance, detection method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113801946A
CN113801946A CN202111290862.9A CN202111290862A CN113801946A CN 113801946 A CN113801946 A CN 113801946A CN 202111290862 A CN202111290862 A CN 202111290862A CN 113801946 A CN113801946 A CN 113801946A
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张琪
张树敏
李娜
于永生
刘庆雨
张庆
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Abstract

The invention discloses a molecular marker influencing breeding performance of breeding pigs, a detection method and application thereof. The molecular marker is positioned at 62 th site of exon 4 of a METTL23 gene of a boar, has A/G polymorphism, and has the highest total litter size, live litter size and weaned piglet size of GG genotype individuals. A method for early screening of a boar strain is characterized by comprising the steps of detecting polymorphism of 62 th site of exon 4 of a boar METTL23 gene and selecting GG type individual reseeding. The method can improve the litter size of the breeding pigs, and can be used for early breeding selection, thereby accelerating the breeding process of the breeding pigs.

Description

Molecular marker influencing sow reproductive performance, detection method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of molecular biology, and relates to a molecular marker influencing sow reproductive performance, a detection method and application thereof.
Background
Along with the occurrence of the double epidemic situations of 'new combs' and 'non-plague', the live pig transportation faces a great risk, and under the condition that the introduction of the pig farm from the outside is difficult, the improvement of the reproductive performance of sows in the pig farm becomes a key problem which needs to be solved urgently at present. The Songliao black pig is a new lean type female line variety in the north of China bred by taking Duroc pigs, Changbai pigs and Min pigs as parents, provides high-quality provenance for pig breeding since self-breeding, and relieves the problem that high-quality black sows are lacked in high-end markets. Although the Songliao black pig integrates the advantages of each parent, the reproductive performance still has a space for breeding improvement compared with the female parent Min pig. As is known, the reproductive traits belong to low heritability traits, the genetic progress of the conventional breeding means is very slow, and the improvement rate of the reproductive traits of animals can be improved if the conventional breeding means is combined with marker-assisted selection.
The porcine methyltransferase 23(methyltransferase-like 23, METTL23) gene is located on chromosome 12, contains 5 exons, and encodes 190 amino acids. There are 3 types of arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) in mammals, i, ii and iii, and metTL23 belongs to type I PRMTs, can catalyze asymmetric dimethylation of histone H3R47, participate in biological processes such as regulation of RNA metabolism, cell proliferation and signal transduction, and play a very important role in processes such as growth and development of animals.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the conventional breeding means in the breeding process of sows has very slow genetic progress, and provides a METTL23 gene molecular marker selection method related to breeding traits of sows, which is used for molecular breeding of sows, can improve the total litter size, the live litter size and the weaned piglet size of the boars and accelerate the breeding process of new breeds of the boars.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a molecular marker influencing the reproductive performance of a boar, wherein the molecular marker is positioned at the 62 nd site of exon 4 of a METTL23 gene of the boar and has A/G polymorphism, and GG type individuals have the performance of improving the total litter size, the number of live piglets and the number of weaned piglets.
The molecular marker disclosed by the invention is applied to breeding of breeding pigs.
The invention relates to a molecular marker primer pair for detecting a molecular marker, wherein an upstream primer F4 is shown as a sequence SEQ ID NO. 1(CTGGAAATCTGTCAGCGTA), and a downstream primer R4 is shown as a sequence SEQ ID NO:2 (TTTGTTGAGGTCGTGGGTA).
The primer pair disclosed by the invention is applied to breeding of breeding pigs.
A method for detecting the molecular marker of the invention comprises PCR amplification of a sequence containing the molecular marker of claim 1 in a pig genome, sequencing of the amplification product, and interpretation of polymorphism of 62 nd site A/G of exon 4 of METTL23 gene.
A method for early screening of a boar strain comprises the steps of detecting polymorphism of 62 sites of a boar METTL23 gene and selecting GG type individuals for reservation.
The method for screening the breeding pig strain in the early stage comprises the following steps:
1) extracting a boar genome DNA;
2) amplifying a METTL23 gene sequence by utilizing a primer pair for detecting the molecular marker of claim 1 through PCR to obtain 898bp amplification products; in the primer pair, an upstream primer F4 is shown as a sequence SEQ ID NO. 1, and a downstream primer R4 is shown as a sequence SEQ ID NO:2 is shown in the specification;
3) sequencing the amplified METTL23 gene sequence;
4) and selecting GG type individuals for reservation.
Wherein, the PCR reaction system is 20 μ L: DNA 1. mu.L, upper and lower primers 0.5. mu.L each, 2 XTaq MasterMix 10. mu.L, ddH2O 8. mu.L. PCR reaction procedure: pre-denaturation at 95 ℃ for 3 min; denaturation at 95 ℃ for 30s, annealing (annealing temperature 56 ℃) for 30s, and extension at 72 ℃ (extension time 27s), for 34 cycles; extending for 5min at 72 ℃; storing at 4 ℃.
Wherein the sequencing adopts a Sanger method for sequencing.
Advantageous effects
The breeding performance of the breeding pigs is an important index for evaluating the breeding pigs, the breeding performance has extremely high economic value, the traditional phenotype selection has low accuracy, the phenotype selection can be counted after breeding of the breeding pigs, the period is long, the selection cannot be carried out in the early stage, and the genetic progress is slow. The PCR-Sanger method is adopted to detect the polymorphism of the 62 nd site A/G of the METTL23 gene exon 4, the genotype and the breeding performance of the breeding pigs are subjected to correlation analysis, and the total litter size, the live litter size and the weaned piglet size of the GG type breeding pigs at the 62 nd site of the METTL23 gene exon 4 are all improved. The polypeptide locus can be used for auxiliary selection of breeding pigs, so that the selection excellence is improved, and meanwhile, the selection can be carried out by detecting the genotype when the breeding pigs are born, so that the breeding process is accelerated, and the production cost is reduced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the result of electrophoretic detection of exon 4PCR product of METTL23 gene;
m, DL2000 DNA Marker; 1-6, METTL23-4 primer PCR amplification product
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the alignment result of exon 4 of METTL23 gene in Songliao black pig;
FIG. 3 is a sequencing diagram of different genotypes of exon 4 of METTL23 gene of Songliao black pig;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
A/G molecular marker selection method of 62 th site of exon 4 of pig METTL23 gene.
The material and the method are as follows:
1.1 sample Collection
The Songliao black pigs are provided by Feimas animal husbandry Limited in the national agricultural science and technology park of princess mountain, and 178 healthy Songliao black pig sows are randomly selected. Ear tissue was collected with an ear clamp, placed into a 1.5mL centrifuge tube containing 75% ethanol, labeled with ear number and date, brought back to the laboratory, and the ear tissue samples were stored in a freezer at-20 ℃ for future use. Meanwhile, related breeding data (total litter size, number of born alive litter size, number of weaned piglets, birth weight, 3-week-old weight, weaning weight and number of nipples) of the selected sows are collected.
1.2 Main reagents and instruments
The genomic DNA extraction kit is purchased from Axygeno company; 2 × Taq MasterMix was purchased from Beijing Biotechnology Inc., a century; absolute ethanol and double distilled water were purchased from the biotechnology responsibility limited company of vinpocetine country. The forceps holder was purchased from the peaceful group of france; the ultramicro spectrophotometer Quawell (Q5000) is purchased from Beijing Dingsheng biotechnology Limited liability company; a general PCR instrument (T100) was purchased from Shanghai Bole Life medicine products, Inc.; the electrophoresis apparatus DYY-6C and the gel image analyzer WD-9413A were purchased from six instruments of Beijing.
1.3 methods
1.3.1 genome DNA extraction genome DNA of ear tissues of Songliao black pigs is extracted according to the genome DNA extraction kit specification, the concentration and purity of the DNA are detected by a ultramicro spectrophotometer, and qualified samples are selected and stored at-20 ℃ for later use.
1.3.2 Primer design and Synthesis 5 exons of METTL23 gene were Primer designed using Primer Premier 5.0 software according to porcine METTL23 gene DNA sequence (GenBank accession No.: NC-010454.4), with Primer sequences as shown in Table 1. Primers were synthesized by Suzhou Jinzhi Biotechnology, Inc.
Table 1: primer sequence Listing
Figure BDA0003334701380000051
1.3.3PCR amplification and sequencing
From 178 samples, 50 samples were randomly selected and divided into 5 groups, 10 samples per group were pooled, and 5 exons of the METTL23 gene were PCR amplified. PCR reaction 20. mu.L: DNA 1. mu.L, upper and lower primers 0.5. mu.L each, 2 XTaq MasterMix 10. mu.L, ddH2O 8. mu.L. PCR reaction procedure: pre-denaturation at 95 ℃ for 3 min; denaturation at 95 ℃ for 30s, annealing (annealing temperature see table 1) for 30s, and extension at 72 ℃ (extension time see table 1), for 34 cycles; extending for 5min at 72 ℃; storing at 4 ℃. The PCR product was identified by agarose gel electrophoresis and then sent to Sovium Jinzhi Biotech limited for sequencing.
1.3.4 detection of polymorphism of METTL23 Gene in Songliao Black pig
The sequencing results were aligned for nucleotide sequence using DNAMAN and the peak maps were analyzed using Chromas software for the mutation sites. And (3) according to a sequencing result, carrying out PCR amplification on the exons with the mutation sites by sequence alignment, wherein the amplification system and the procedure are the same as 1.5, and sequencing the PCR product.
Genotype frequency and gene frequency genotype frequency at the a62G site of exon 4 of METTL23 gene 4 in songliao black pig, the calculation results of the gene frequency and the results of chi-square fitness test are shown in table 2. The GG genotype at the A62G site is the most of individuals, and is the dominant genotype, and G is the dominant allele. The Ka square suitability test result shows that the A62G locus of the METTL23 gene exon 4 of the Songliao black pig is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state (P > 0.05).
TABLE 2 genotype frequencies and gene frequencies of exon 4 of the METTL23 gene from Songliao black pig
Figure BDA0003334701380000061
1.3.5 correlation analysis of METTL23 Gene polymorphism and reproductive Performance
And (4) counting the reproductive performance corresponding to 178 samples, including total litter size, number of born and alive piglets, number of weaned piglets, birth weight, 3-week-old weight, weaning weight and nipple number, and comparing the difference of the reproductive performance of individuals with different genotypes. The statistical results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 correlation of different genotypes of the METTL23 gene exon in Songliao black pig with reproductive traits
Figure BDA0003334701380000062
As can be seen from the above table, the A62G site of exon 4 of the METTL23 gene, the total litter size, the number born alive litter size and the number of weaned piglets of the GG genotype individual are all obviously or extremely obviously higher than those of the AA genotype individual (P < 0.05; P < 0.01), and the total litter size is also obviously higher than that of the AG genotype individual (P < 0.05); the number of weaned piglets of the AG genotype individual is obviously higher than that of the AA genotype individual (P is less than 0.05). The rest characters have no significant difference (P is more than 0.05) between different genotypes.
1.4 statistical analysis
Genotype frequency, gene frequency, genetic homozygosity (Ho), genetic heterozygosity (He), effective allele factor (Ne), and Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) were calculated using Excel software. Chi-square fitness test analyses whether the genotype is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The SPSS 19.0 software is used for analyzing the relevance of different genotypes of the METTL23 gene and the reproductive traits of Songliao black pigs, the result is expressed by the mean value plus or minus standard deviation, and the difference significance judgment standard is P less than 0.05.
The polymorphism of METTL23 gene exon is detected in Songliao black pig population, wherein A62G mutation is detected in exon 4, the genotype frequency of GG at the site is the highest and is a dominant genotype, and allele G is a dominant allele. The mutation site is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state in the Songliao black pig population, PIC is 0.2877, and belongs to a moderate polymorphic site (0.25 < PIC < 0.5), which indicates that the genetic marker can provide a certain amount of genetic information. The total litter size, the number of born alive piglets and the number of weaned piglets of the GG genotype individual are all the highest and are obviously or extremely higher than those of the AA genotype individual. The piglet with each genotype has no obvious difference in birth weight, 3-week-old weight and weaning weight average.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A molecular marker influencing the reproductive performance of breeding pigs is characterized in that
The molecular marker is located at 62 th site of exon 4 of a boar METTL23 gene, and has A/G polymorphism, and GG type individuals have the performances of total litter size, live litter size and large number of weaned piglets.
2. The use of the molecular marker of claim 1 in breeding pigs.
3. The application of the primer pair for detecting the molecular marker of claim 1 in breeding pigs; in the primer pair, an upstream primer F4 is shown as a sequence SEQ ID NO. 1, and a downstream primer R4 is shown as a sequence SEQ ID NO. 2.
4. A method of detecting the molecular marker of claim 1, wherein the method comprises detecting the molecular marker
Comprises PCR amplification of a section of pig genome containing the molecular marker of claim 1, sequencing the amplified product, and judging the A/G polymorphism at the 62 nd site of the exon 4 of the METTL23 gene.
5. A method for early screening of breeding pig strains is characterized in that
Comprises detecting polymorphism of 62 nd site of exon 4 of a boar METTL23 gene and selecting GG type individual for reservation.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of removing the substrate comprises removing the substrate from the substrate
The method comprises the following steps:
1) extracting a boar genome DNA;
2) amplifying a METTL23 gene sequence by utilizing a primer pair for detecting the molecular marker of claim 1 through PCR to obtain 898bp amplification products; in the primer pair, an upstream primer F4 is shown as a sequence SEQ ID NO. 1, and a downstream primer R4 is shown as a sequence SEQ ID NO:2 is shown in the specification;
3) sequencing the amplified METTL23 gene sequence;
4) and selecting GG type individuals for reservation.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of removing the substrate comprises removing the substrate from the substrate
PCR reaction 20. mu.L: DNA 1. mu.L, upper and lower primers 0.5. mu.L each, 2 XTaq MasterMix 10. mu.L, ddH2O 8. mu.L. PCR reaction procedure: pre-denaturation at 95 ℃ for 3 min; denaturation at 95 ℃ for 30s, annealing (annealing temperature 56 ℃) for 30s, and extension at 72 ℃ (extension time 27s), for 34 cycles; extending for 5min at 72 ℃; storing at 4 ℃.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein:
the sequencing method adopts a Sanger method for sequencing.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111996264A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-11-27 湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 Application of pig SNP molecular marker in pig breeding character screening and pig breeding
AU2020104202A4 (en) * 2019-12-23 2021-03-11 Institute Of Animal Science And Veterinary Medicine, Hubei Academy Of Agricultural Sciences Application of a molecular marker assisted selection in number of piglets born alive
JP2021126107A (en) * 2020-02-17 2021-09-02 国立大学法人金沢大学 Effectiveness prediction marker of chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic carcinoma/biliary cancer, and effectiveness prediction kit corresponding to the same

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AU2020104202A4 (en) * 2019-12-23 2021-03-11 Institute Of Animal Science And Veterinary Medicine, Hubei Academy Of Agricultural Sciences Application of a molecular marker assisted selection in number of piglets born alive
JP2021126107A (en) * 2020-02-17 2021-09-02 国立大学法人金沢大学 Effectiveness prediction marker of chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic carcinoma/biliary cancer, and effectiveness prediction kit corresponding to the same
CN111996264A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-11-27 湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 Application of pig SNP molecular marker in pig breeding character screening and pig breeding

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Title
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