CN113660003A

CN113660003A - Coupling/power division device, RRU and system

Info

Publication number: CN113660003A
Application number: CN202010361106.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 成卫东; 王学琼; 吴兴国
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-29
Filing date: 2020-04-29
Publication date: 2021-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-29
Also published as: CN113660003B

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a coupling/power dividing device, which comprises a coupling/power dividing module and a coupling adjusting module; the RRU is connected with a transmitting/receiving channel of the RRU through an input port; the RRU is connected with a built-in antenna of the RRU through a straight-through output port; the RRU is connected with an external antenna of the RRU through a coupling port; during downlink, a downlink signal of wireless communication is directly output to the internal antenna, and the downlink signal is coupled to the external antenna; during uplink, inputting uplink signals received by the internal antenna and the external antenna to a transmitting/receiving channel; the coupling adjusting module is used for being matched with the external antenna to enable the RRU to be in a pure internal antenna working state or in a state that the internal antenna and the external antenna work simultaneously; when the RRU is in a state of a pure built-in antenna, the insertion loss from the input port to the output port of the built-in antenna is changed by changing the electrical length. The coupling adjusting module can change the electric length, direct loss in the pure built-in antenna process can be reduced, and improvement of coverage and reduction of deployment cost are facilitated.

Description

Coupling/power division device, RRU and system

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a coupling/power splitting apparatus, an RRU, and a system.

Background

In a wireless communication system, a Radio Remote Unit (RRU) and an antenna are the most important components of an antenna feed front end. In general, an antenna is externally arranged, and as shown in fig. 1A, a usage scenario diagram of an RRU with an externally arranged antenna is shown, in which an antenna and a radio frequency jumper need to be separately installed. In order to reduce the installation time, simplify the stations, and reduce the cost, the antenna and the RRU are usually implemented together, as shown in fig. 1B, which is a schematic view of a usage scenario of the RRU with a built-in antenna.

As shown in fig. 1C, when the indoor environment has the partition 101, the indoor environment includes: the open area 102 and the plurality of partition areas 103 generally have a penetration loss of about 25dB when the partition 101 is a load-bearing concrete wall. The RRU104 with the built-in antenna is disposed in the open area 102, the coverage effect of the partition area 103 is poor due to the existence of the partition 101, and in order to improve the coverage effect, the RRU with the built-in antenna may be added in the partition area 103.

As the cost of the RRU with the built-in antenna is generally higher, if the area of the partition area 103 is relatively smaller, the cost of the RRU with the built-in antenna placed separately is higher, and in order to reduce the overall deployment cost, a general method is as shown in fig. 1D, wherein an RRU104 with only the built-in antenna and an RRU105 with an internal and external antenna are disposed in the open area 102, and the problem is solved by externally pulling an antenna 107 through a radio frequency cable 106 in the partition area 103.

In order to realize a pure built-in antenna and a simultaneous support of two scenarios by the built-in and built-out antennas, the most typical scheme is to use a coupling/power division apparatus, as shown in fig. 1E. In the case of a purely internal antenna, the external antenna is not connected to the coupling/power splitting device 108. In a scenario that an internal antenna and an external antenna are required to be simultaneously supported, the external antenna is connected to a coupling port of the coupling/power dividing apparatus 108. It should be noted that the coupling/power dividing apparatus 108 has a fixed coupling degree, and the output power of the external antenna cannot be too small, so that the value of the coupling degree cannot be too large. When the coupling degree is small, referring to table 1, if the coupling degree is 7dB, the influence on the power of the direct output (i.e., "insertion loss") is about-0.97 dB, and the insertion loss of the channel under the pure built-in antenna is larger than that under the no-coupling condition, so that the air interface power and the coverage distance under the pure built-in antenna are reduced.

TABLE 1 correlation table of coupling degree to through output power

The method aims to support two scenes of a pure built-in antenna and an internal and external antenna and reduce through insertion loss during pure built-in antenna. On the basis of the technical scheme shown in fig. 1E, the prior art also provides the technical scheme shown in fig. 1F, and the through channel is selected by the radio frequency switch 109 to reduce the through insertion loss under the pure built-in antenna. The technical scheme seems to reduce the insertion loss by selecting a through channel through a switch, and because two radio frequency switches 109 are added on a main channel, the cost and the layout area are increased, and meanwhile, the radio frequency switches 109 also have insertion loss, and the insertion loss of the two radio frequency switches is about 1dB, the technical scheme provided by the figure 1F does not solve the insertion loss problem under a pure built-in antenna.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a coupling/power division device, an RRU and a system, which can reduce the straight-through loss when a pure built-in antenna is used, and are beneficial to improving the coverage and reducing the deployment cost.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a coupling/power dividing apparatus, including: the coupling/power division module and the coupling adjustment module; the remote radio unit RRU is connected with a transmitting/receiving channel of the RRU through an input port; the RRU is connected with a built-in antenna of the RRU through a direct output port; the RRU is connected with an external antenna of the RRU through a coupling port; the internal antenna is arranged in the RRU, and the external antenna is arranged outside the RRU; the coupling/power division module is used for directly outputting a downlink signal of wireless communication to the internal antenna and coupling the downlink signal to the external antenna during downlink; and when the antenna is used for uplink, the uplink signal received by the built-in antenna and the uplink signal received by the external antenna are input to the transmitting/receiving channel; the coupling adjusting module is used for being matched with the external antenna to enable the RRU to be in a pure internal antenna working state or in a state that the internal antenna and the external antenna work simultaneously; and when the RRU is in a pure built-in antenna state, changing the insertion loss from the input port to the built-in antenna output port by changing the electrical length.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the electric length can be changed through the coupling adjusting module, the straight-through loss in the pure built-in antenna process can be reduced, and the coverage is improved and the deployment cost is reduced.

Based on the first aspect, in some possible embodiments of the present application, the coupling/power dividing apparatus further includes an external antenna state identification module, where the external antenna state identification module is configured to identify whether the external antenna is connected to the coupling/power dividing apparatus.

Based on the first aspect, in some possible embodiments of the present application, the coupling/power dividing apparatus further includes an electrical length compensation module, where the electrical length compensation module is configured to adjust the electrical length to a preset value when the RRU is in a pure built-in scenario.

In some possible embodiments of the present application based on the first aspect, the electrical length compensation module determines the compensation value of the electrical length according to a compensation table of preset parameters.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an RRU, including: a transmitting/receiving channel, a coupling/power dividing device and a built-in antenna; the coupling/power dividing device comprises a coupling/power dividing module and a coupling adjusting module; the input port of the coupling/power dividing device is connected with the transmitting/receiving channel; the coupling/power dividing device is connected with the built-in antenna through a direct output port of the coupling/power dividing device; the coupling port of the coupling/power dividing device is connected with an external antenna of the RRU; the internal antenna is arranged in the RRU, and the external antenna is arranged outside the RRU; the coupling adjusting module is used for being matched with the external antenna to enable the RRU to be in a pure internal antenna working state or in a state that the internal antenna and the external antenna work simultaneously; and when the RRU is in a pure built-in antenna state, changing the insertion loss from the input port to the built-in antenna output port by changing the electrical length. The coupling/power division module is used for directly outputting a downlink signal of wireless communication to the internal antenna and coupling the downlink signal to the external antenna during downlink; and when the antenna is used for uplink, the uplink signal received by the internal antenna and the uplink signal received by the external antenna are input to the transmitting/receiving channel.

Based on the second aspect, in some possible embodiments of the present application, the coupling/power dividing apparatus further includes an external antenna state identification module, where the external antenna state identification module is configured to identify whether the external antenna is connected to the coupling/power dividing apparatus.

Based on the second aspect, in some possible embodiments of the present application, the RRU further includes an electrical length compensation module, where the electrical length compensation module is configured to adjust the electrical length to a preset value when the RRU is in a purely built-in antenna scenario.

Based on the second aspect, in some possible embodiments of the present application, the electrical length compensation module determines the value of the electrical length according to a compensation table of preset parameters.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a system, which includes an external antenna and the RRU described in any implementation manner of the second aspect.

In some possible embodiments of the present application, based on the third aspect, the system includes: a remote radio unit, an analog feed-in digital signal distribution system, or a base station digital baseband feed-in signal distribution system.

Drawings

Some drawings to which embodiments of the present application relate will be described below.

Fig. 1A is a schematic diagram of a usage scenario of an RRU with an external antenna in the prior art.

Fig. 1B is a schematic diagram of a usage scenario of an RRU with a built-in antenna in the prior art.

Fig. 1C is a schematic diagram of a usage scenario of an RRU with a built-in antenna in the prior art.

Fig. 1D is a schematic diagram of a usage scenario of an RRU with internal and external antennas in the prior art.

Fig. 1E is a schematic diagram of a usage scenario of an RRU with internal and external antennas in the prior art.

Fig. 1F is a schematic diagram of a usage scenario of an RRU with internal and external antennas in the prior art.

Fig. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2B is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2C is a schematic partial structure diagram of an RRU including an electrical length compensation module according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3A is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3B is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3C is a schematic partial structure diagram of an RRU including an electrical length compensation module according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4A is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4B is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5A is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5B is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6A is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6B is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6C is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7A is a schematic structural diagram of a radio remote system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7B is a schematic structural diagram of an analog feed-in digital signal distribution system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7C is a schematic structural diagram of a base station digital baseband fed signal distribution system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, please refer to fig. 2A, where fig. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal antenna and an external antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The RRU200 includes: a transmission/reception channel 210, a coupling/power dividing apparatus 220, and an internal antenna 230; the coupling/power dividing apparatus 220 includes a coupling/power dividing module 221 and a coupling adjusting module 222; is connected to the transmitting/receiving channel 210 through the input port a of the coupling/power dividing apparatus 220; is connected with the built-in antenna 230 through a through output port C of the coupling/power dividing device 220; the external antenna 240 of the RRU is connected through the coupling port of the coupling/power dividing device 220; the internal antenna 230 is arranged in the RRU200, and the external antenna 240 is arranged outside the RRU 200; the coupling adjustment module 222 is configured to cooperate with the external antenna to enable the RRU200 to be in a pure internal antenna operating state or in a state where the internal and external antennas operate simultaneously; and when the RRU200 is in a pure internal antenna state, the insertion loss from the input port to the internal antenna output port is changed by changing the electrical length. The coupling/power division module 221 is configured to directly output a downlink signal of wireless communication to the internal antenna 230 during downlink, and simultaneously couple the downlink signal to the external antenna 240 during uplink, and input an uplink signal received by the internal antenna and an uplink signal received by the external antenna to the transmission/reception channel during uplink.

As shown in fig. 2B, in some possible embodiments, the coupling/power dividing apparatus 220 may further include an external antenna state identification module 223, where the external antenna state identification module 223 is configured to identify whether the external antenna 240 is connected to the coupling/power dividing apparatus 220. The coupling adjustment module 222 is controlled to operate in a pure internal antenna or in an internal and external antenna while supporting the state.

Due to temperature variation, different batches of plates and devices, design errors and other factors, the electrical length of the coupling adjusting module may be affected, so that the insertion loss state is abnormal when the antenna is purely built in, and the lower insertion loss state cannot be achieved. In order to reduce the insertion loss, an electrical length compensation module may be provided, which is used for the RRU to adjust the electrical length to a preset value in a purely built-in antenna scenario. The structure of the electrical length compensation module may be as shown in fig. 2C, the electrical length compensation module 250 may be disposed on any branch of the electrical length, and when the external antenna state identification module 223 detects that the external antenna is not connected to the RRU, the electrical length compensation module 250 is triggered to compensate the electrical length, so that the electrical length meets the preset length, and the insertion loss when the internal antenna is pure is the lowest.

In some possible embodiments, as shown in fig. 2C, the electrical length compensation module 250 may determine the compensation value of the electrical length according to a compensation table corresponding to preset parameters. For example, the electrical length compensation module 250 may determine a compensation value according to a temperature lookup compensation table detected by the temperature detection module, and then control the electrical length adjustment module to adjust the electrical length.

Referring to fig. 3A, fig. 3A is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with internal and external antennas according to an embodiment of the present application, where the RRU300 includes: a transmitting/receiving channel 310, a coupling/power dividing device 320, a coupling adjusting module 330 and an internal antenna 340. In the embodiment of the present application, the coupling/power dividing module 320 is implemented by using a directional coupling manner, as shown in fig. 3A, the coupling/power dividing module 320 is a four-port network structure, and each port is an input terminal 1, a main path output terminal 2, a coupling terminal 3, and an isolation terminal 4.

It should be noted that the electrical length Φ in the embodiment of the present application means that the ratio of the physical length L of the microstrip transmission line to the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the transmission medium is the electrical length L/λ, and is converted into radian (L/λ) × 2 pi.

In the RRU300 shown in fig. 3A, the starting and ending positions of the electrical length in the coupling adjustment module 330 at the operating frequency are defined as follows: Φ 1 starts from the coupling end 3 of the coupling module 330 and ends at the external antenna output port of the coupling adjustment module 330; phi 2 starts from a coupling end 3 of the coupling module and ends at an isolation end 4 of the coupling module; Φ 3 starts at the isolation end 4 of the coupling module and ends at the output port of the rf switch (including the internal electrical length when the rf switch is open and not connected to a matching load).

The electrical length of each segment satisfies Φ 1+ Φ 2+ Φ 3 ═ pi + n ═ pi (n ═ 0, 1, 2 …). At this time, when the rf switch is turned on (not connected to the matching/load), the external antenna output port of the coupling adjustment module 330 is suspended, and the system operates in a pure internal antenna state, so that the insertion loss from the input terminal 1 to the output terminal 2 of the coupling/power dividing module 320 is minimized. When the rf switch is turned on (connected to the matching load), the external antenna output port of the coupling adjustment module 330 is connected to the external antenna 350, and the system operates in a state where the internal and external antennas operate simultaneously, so that the coupling module is in a conventional power distribution state, as shown in fig. 3B.

In order to conveniently identify whether the external antenna 350 is connected, the external antenna state identification module 332 may be inserted in front of the external antenna output port of the coupling adjustment module 330 to automatically identify whether the external antenna 350 is connected, and automatically control the radio frequency switch in the coupling adjustment module 330 (if the external antenna 350 is not connected, the radio frequency switch 331 is turned on, and the RRU is in a pure internal antenna state, if the external antenna 350 is connected, the radio frequency switch 331 is turned off, and the system operates in a simultaneous internal and external antenna operating state), so as to automatically adjust the RRU to operate in a pure internal antenna or in a simultaneous internal and external antenna operating state.

Due to the influence of temperature variation, plate and device batches, design errors and the like on the consistency of the electrical length phi 1+ phi 2+ phi 3, the compensation electrical length delta phi needs to be adjusted. Some possible embodiments of the present application are implemented by inserting an electrical length compensation module into any one of a position corresponding to Φ 1, a position corresponding to Φ 2, and a position corresponding to Φ 3 in the coupling adjustment module. Referring to fig. 3C, an example of inserting the electrical length compensation module 333 into the position corresponding to Φ 3 is shown. The electrical length compensation module 333 may determine a compensation value according to the temperature lookup compensation table detected by the temperature detection module, and then control the electrical length adjustment module to adjust the electrical length.

The electric length adjusting module is used for adjusting the compensation electric length delta phi so that phi 1+ phi 2+ phi 3+ delta phi is pi + n pi (n is 0, 1 and 2 …). The realization mode is an adjustable delay line, the adjustment range is larger than pi, and the realization modes are various, such as an electric bridge and a voltage-controlled adjustable reactance element.

In some possible embodiments, if the temperature and the batch affect the electrical length, the compensation table may include a temperature compensation table and a batch compensation table, where the electrical length adjustment value Δ Φ is mod (Δ Φ temperature + Δ Φ batch, pi), a control word corresponding to the electrical length adjustment value may be obtained through table lookup, and the control word is issued by the control module to the electrical length adjustment module, so that the system Φ 1+ Φ 2+ Φ 3+ Δ Φ is pi + n pi (n is 0, 1, 2 …).

Wherein, the temperature detection module: the control unit is used for detecting the temperature, and according to the detected temperature, the control unit can read the electrical length temperature compensation value corresponding to the temperature from the temperature compensation table for calculating the electrical length adjustment value delta phi. A control module: the method is used for reading and writing the temperature and batch compensation table, calculating the electrical length adjustment value delta phi and sending a control word command corresponding to the electrical length adjustment value delta phi to the electrical length adjustment module, so that the system phi 1+ phi 2+ phi 3+ delta phi pi + n pi (

n

0, 1 and 2 …). The power supply is used for supplying power to each module in the electric length compensation module. The external antenna status identification module 332 may selectively trigger the electrical length compensation module to operate. For example, in a purely built-in antenna scenario, the electrical length compensation module 333 works normally; in the scenario of simultaneous operation of the internal and external antennas, the electrical length compensation module 333 stops compensation.

Referring to fig. 4A, fig. 4A is a schematic structural diagram of an RRU compatible with an internal and external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4A. The starting and ending positions of the electrical length in the coupling adjustment module 430 are defined as follows: Φ 1 starts from the coupling end 3 of the coupling/power dividing module 420 and ends at the external antenna output port of the coupling adjusting module 430. Φ 2 starts at the coupling end 3 of the coupling/power dividing module 420 and ends at the isolation end 4 of the coupling/power dividing module 420. Φ 3 starts at the isolation terminal 4 of the coupling/power splitting module 420 and ends at the grounded input. The electrical length of each segment satisfies Φ 1+ Φ 2+ Φ 3 ═ pi/2 + n ═ pi (n ═ 0, 1, 2 …). When the rf switch 431 is grounded, the external antenna output port of the coupling adjustment module 430 is suspended, the RRU400 operates in a pure internal antenna state, and the insertion loss from the input terminal 1 to the output terminal 2 of the coupling/power division module 420 is minimal. When the rf switch 431 is connected to the matching load and the external antenna output port of the coupling adjustment module 430 is connected to the external antenna 450, the RRU400 operates in a state where the internal and external antennas operate simultaneously, so that the coupling/power division module 420 is in a conventional power distribution state.

As shown in fig. 4B, in order to conveniently identify whether the external antenna 450 is connected, an external antenna state identification module 432 may be inserted in front of the external antenna output port of the coupling adjustment module 430, so as to automatically identify whether the external antenna 450 is connected, and automatically control the radio frequency switch 431 in the coupling adjustment module 430 (if the external antenna 450 is not connected, the radio frequency switch 431 is grounded, and the RRU400 operates in a pure internal antenna state, if the external antenna 450 is connected, the radio frequency switch 431 is connected to a matching load, and the RRU400 operates in a simultaneous working state of the internal and external antennas), so that the automatic adjustment system operates in a pure internal antenna state, or in a simultaneous working state of the internal and external antennas.

Due to the influence of temperature variation, different batches of plates and devices, design errors and the like on the consistency of the electrical length phi 1+ phi 2+ phi 3, the compensation electrical length delta phi needs to be adjusted. The embodiment of the application can be realized by inserting the electrical length compensation module into any one of the position corresponding to phi 1, the position corresponding to phi 2 or the position corresponding to phi 3 in the coupling adjustment module, so as to take the example of inserting the electrical length compensation module into the position corresponding to phi 3. The electrical length compensation module is constructed and operates in the same manner as shown in fig. 3C, except that the electrical length adjustment value Δ Φ is set such that Φ 1+ Φ 2+ Φ 3+ Δ Φ is ═ pi/2 + n × -pi (n is 0, 1, 2 …) of the system device. The specific implementation of each module refers to the description in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not described here again.

By adopting the calculation scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the coupling adjusting module is inserted between the coupling module and the external antenna, and the on-off state and the electrical length of the coupling module are adjusted, so that the straight-through insertion loss is very small when the antenna is purely built-in. The group of data obtained through simulation test includes that when the technical scheme in the prior art is adopted, the obtained straight-through insertion loss is 1.4dB, and after the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application is adopted, the obtained insertion loss is 0.4 dB. Therefore, insertion loss is reduced after the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application is adopted, and the insertion loss is reduced by 1dB in the simulation.

As shown in fig. 5A and 5B, in some possible embodiments, the coupling/power dividing module 520 is implemented by using a three-port structure, and the three-port coupling/power dividing module 520 is implemented by three microstrip lines and an impedance matching unit, and a common point of the three microstrip lines is a node 1. The low insertion loss under the pure internal antenna and the state of the internal and external antennas can be realized by adjusting the electrical length and the on-off state in the coupling adjustment module 530, and the implementation scheme includes two schemes, an open-circuit scheme and a short-circuit scheme, and the open-circuit scheme is shown in fig. 5A. At the operating frequency of the RRU500, the starting and ending positions of the electrical length include: Φ 1 starts from the coupling end 3 of the coupling/power dividing module 520 and ends at the external antenna output port of the coupling adjusting module 530; Φ 2 starts at node 1 of the coupling/power splitting module 520 and ends at the coupling end 3 of the coupling/power splitting module 520.

The electrical length of each microstrip line satisfies Φ 1+ Φ 2 ═ pi + n ═ pi (n ═ 0, 1, 2 …). When the external antenna output port of the coupling adjusting module 530 is suspended, the system works in a pure built-in antenna state, and the insertion loss from the input end 1 to the output end 2 of the coupling module is the minimum. When the external antenna output port of the coupling adjustment module 530 is connected to the external antenna and works in the state of working at the same time with the internal and external antennas, the coupling/power division module 520 is in the conventional power distribution state.

Due to the influence of temperature change, different batches of plates and devices, design errors and the like on the consistency of the electrical length phi 1+ phi 2, the compensation electrical length delta phi needs to be adjusted. In some possible embodiments, the method can be implemented by inserting the electrical length compensation module 531 in any one of the position corresponding to Φ 1 and the position corresponding to Φ 2 in the coupling adjustment module, as shown in fig. 5B, in this embodiment, the electrical length compensation module 531 is inserted in the position corresponding to Φ 1 as an example. The electrical length adjustment module 531 is configured to adjust the compensation electrical length Δ Φ so that Φ 1+ Φ 2+ Δ Φ becomes pi + n pi (n becomes 0, 1, and 2 …). The realization mode can be an adjustable delay line, the adjustment range is larger than pi, and the realization modes are various, such as an electric bridge and a voltage-controlled adjustable reactance element.

For example, the compensation table may include a temperature compensation table and a batch compensation table, where the electrical length adjustment value Δ Φ is mod (Δ Φ temperature + Δ Φ batch, pi), a control word corresponding to the electrical length adjustment value is obtained through a table lookup, and the control word is issued to the electrical length adjustment module by the control module, so that the system Φ 1+ Φ 2+ Δ Φ is pi + n × pi (n is 0, 1, 2 …).

A temperature detection module: the temperature of the module is detected, and the temperature compensation table is used for making an electrical length temperature compensation table according to the actual temperature in the module. And during actual work, the control unit reads the electrical length temperature compensation value corresponding to the temperature according to the actual temperature and is used for calculating the electrical length adjustment value delta phi.

The control module is used for reading and writing operations of the temperature and batch compensation table, calculating the electrical length adjustment value delta phi and sending a control word command corresponding to the electrical length adjustment value delta phi to the electrical length adjustment module, so that the system phi 1+ phi 2+ delta phi pi + n pi (

n

0, 1 and 2 …). The power supply supplies power to each unit of the power length compensation module.

In some possible embodiments, to conveniently identify whether the external antenna is connected, as shown in fig. 5B, the coupling adjustment module 530 includes an electrical length compensation module and an external antenna state identification module 532, where the external antenna state identification module 532 is disposed in front of an external antenna output port of the coupling adjustment module 530, and can automatically identify whether the external antenna is connected, and the electrical length compensation module 531 is selectively triggered to operate according to an identification result of the external antenna state identification module 532. If the external antenna state identification module 532 identifies that no external antenna is connected, the RRU500 operates in a pure internal antenna scene, and triggers the electrical length compensation module 531 to operate normally. If the external antenna state identification module 532 identifies that the external antenna is connected, the RRU500 is triggered to stop the compensation in a scenario where the internal and external antennas are working at the same time.

Referring to fig. 6A to 6C, in some possible embodiments, the coupling/power dividing module 620 is implemented by using a three-port structure, and the three-port coupling/power dividing module 620 is implemented by three microstrip lines and an impedance matching unit, and a common point of the three microstrip lines is a node 1. The low insertion loss under the pure built-in antenna and the state of supporting the work of the built-in antenna at the same time are realized by adjusting the electrical length and the switch state in the coupling adjusting module 630. The short circuit scheme is shown in fig. 6A. At the operating frequency of the RRU600, the starting and ending positions of the electrical length in the coupling adjustment module 630 include: Φ 1 starts from the coupling end 3 of the coupling/power dividing module 620 and ends at the ground input end of the rf switch inside the coupling adjusting module 630; Φ 2 starts at node 1 of the coupling/power dividing module 620 and ends at the coupling end 3 of the coupling/power dividing module 620.

The electrical length of each microstrip line section satisfies phi 1+ phi 2 pi/2 + n pi (

n

0, 1, 2 …). When the rf switch 633 in the coupling adjustment module 630 is grounded and the output port of the external antenna 650 is suspended, and the system operates in a pure internal antenna state, the insertion loss from the input terminal 1 to the output terminal 2 of the coupling/power dividing module 620 is minimal; when the rf switch 633 is connected to an external antenna output port, the external antenna output port is connected to the external antenna 650, the RRU600 operates in the same internal and external antennas, and the coupling/power division module 620 is in a conventional power distribution state, as shown in fig. 6A.

Referring to fig. 6B, in order to conveniently identify whether the external antenna 650 is connected, an external antenna state identification module 632 may be inserted in front of the external antenna output port of the coupling adjustment module 630, so as to automatically identify whether the external antenna 650 is connected, and automatically control the rf switch 633 in the coupling adjustment module 630 (if the external antenna is not connected, the rf switch 633 is grounded, and the system operates in a pure internal antenna state, and if the external antenna 650 is connected, the rf switch 633 is connected to the external antenna output port, and the system operates in a simultaneous operating state of the internal and external antennas), so that the system automatically adjusts the operating state of the pure internal antenna or the simultaneous operating state of the internal and external antennas.

Due to the influence of temperature change, different batches of plates and devices, design errors and the like on the consistency of the electrical length phi 1+ phi 2, the compensation electrical length delta phi needs to be adjusted. In some possible embodiments, this is achieved by inserting the electrical length compensation module 631 in any one of the position corresponding to Φ 1 and the position corresponding to Φ 2 in the coupling adjustment module 630, see fig. 6C, which exemplifies the insertion of the electrical length compensation module in the position corresponding to Φ 1, and the electrical length adjustment value Δ Φ of the electrical length compensation module 631 is such that Φ 1+ Φ 2+ Δ Φ/2+ n of the system device is (n is 0, 1, 2 …). The realization mode can be an adjustable delay line, the adjustment range is larger than pi, and the realization modes are various, such as an electric bridge and a voltage-controlled adjustable reactance element.

In some possible embodiments, if the temperature and the batch affect the electrical length, the compensation table may include a temperature compensation table and a batch compensation table, where the electrical length adjustment value Δ Φ is mod (Δ Φ temperature + Δ Φ batch, pi), a control word corresponding to the electrical length adjustment value may be obtained through table lookup, and the control word is issued by the control module to the electrical length adjustment module, so that the system Φ 1+ Φ 2+ Δ Φ is pi/2 + n pi (n is 0, 1, 2 …).

Wherein, the temperature detection module: the control unit is used for detecting the temperature, and according to the detected temperature, the control unit can read the electrical length temperature compensation value corresponding to the temperature from the temperature compensation table for calculating the electrical length adjustment value delta phi. A control module: the method is used for reading and writing the temperature and batch compensation table, calculating the electrical length adjustment value delta phi and sending a control word command corresponding to the electrical length adjustment value delta phi to the electrical length adjustment module, so that the system phi 1+ phi 2+ delta phi pi/2 + n pi (n is 0, 1 and 2 …). The power supply is used for supplying power to each module in the electric length compensation module. The external antenna status recognition module 632 may selectively trigger the electrical length compensation module to operate. For example, in a purely built-in antenna scenario, the electrical length compensation module 631 works normally; when the internal and external antennas work simultaneously, the electric length compensation module 631 stops compensating.

The coupling/power dividing apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a scenario including an indoor distribution system and an outdoor distribution system, for example, the system may include: a radio remote system, an analog feed-in digital signal distribution system, or a base station digital baseband feed-in signal distribution system.

Fig. 7A is a schematic structural diagram of a radio remote unit, which includes a baseband processing unit and an RRU, where the RRU includes an internal antenna, and the RRU may be an RRU disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. By matching with the external antenna, the RRU can be in a pure internal antenna operating state or in a state where the internal and external antennas operate simultaneously.

The baseband unit is used for realizing the modulation and demodulation functions of multi-standard baseband signals. The RRU may be the RRU disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments, and may implement transmission and reception of radio frequency signals. Receiving a downlink signal from a baseband unit, modulating the downlink signal into a radio frequency signal, and transmitting the radio frequency signal through an antenna; and receiving the radio frequency signal from the antenna, carrying out corresponding signal processing, and sending the radio frequency signal to the baseband unit for processing.

Fig. 7B is a schematic diagram of an analog feed-in digital signal distribution system, which includes an analog signal source, an intervention unit, a cargo unit, and an RRU.

The access unit is used for realizing the functions of radio frequency signal access and digital signal processing. A downlink radio frequency signal of a signal source such as a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is processed by a frequency conversion unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit to become a digital baseband signal, and then the downlink digital signal is sent to an extension unit. And receiving the uplink digital signal sent by the expansion unit, processing the uplink signal into an analog intermediate frequency signal, and converting the analog intermediate frequency signal into an uplink radio frequency signal of a system such as a UMTS (universal mobile telecommunications system) through a frequency mixing unit. The extension unit is used for completing the functions of combining the digital intermediate frequency signals and the broadband signals and splitting/combining the downlink signals and the uplink signals.

The RRU comprises a built-in antenna, and the RRU may be the RRU disclosed in any of the previous embodiments. By matching with the external antenna, the RRU can be in a pure internal antenna operating state or in a state where the internal and external antennas operate simultaneously.

The RRU can realize the conversion of radio frequency signals and digital signals and the access processing of broadband signals. Receiving downlink digital signals sent by the extension unit, decomposing all system data, processing the digital signals, recovering the radio frequency signals through digital-to-analog conversion, and finally sending the radio frequency signals through an antenna; the UMTS uplink radio frequency signal received by the antenna is converted into an intermediate frequency signal by the mixing unit, and the signal is transmitted to the expansion unit after analog-to-digital conversion and signal processing.

Fig. 7C is a schematic structural diagram of a base station digital baseband feed signal distribution system, which includes a baseband unit, an extension unit, and an RRU. The RRU comprises a built-in antenna, and the RRU may be the RRU disclosed in any of the previous embodiments. By matching with the external antenna, the RRU can be in a pure internal antenna operating state or in a state where the internal and external antennas operate simultaneously.

The difference between the base station digital baseband feed signal distribution system shown in fig. 7C and the analog feed digital signal distribution system shown in fig. 7B is mainly that the access unit is converted into a baseband unit, and the baseband unit directly feeds the baseband signal into the extension unit. A baseband processing unit: the multi-system baseband signal modulation and demodulation functions are mainly realized.

In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the application to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wirelessly (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., compact disk), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid state disk), among others. In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.

In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.

In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is merely a logical division, and the actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not executed. In addition, the indirect coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be electrical or in other forms.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may also be implemented in the form of a software functional unit.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially implemented or contributed to by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage media may include, for example: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, and an optical disk.

Claims

1. A coupling/power splitting apparatus, comprising: the coupling/power division module and the coupling adjustment module; the remote radio unit RRU is connected with a transmitting/receiving channel of the RRU through an input port; the RRU is connected with a built-in antenna of the RRU through a direct output port; the RRU is connected with an external antenna of the RRU through a coupling port; the internal antenna is arranged in the RRU, and the external antenna is arranged outside the RRU;

the coupling/power division module is used for directly outputting a downlink signal of wireless communication to the internal antenna and coupling the downlink signal to the external antenna during downlink; and when the antenna is used for uplink, the uplink signal received by the built-in antenna and the uplink signal received by the external antenna are input to the transmitting/receiving channel;

the coupling adjusting module is used for being matched with the external antenna to enable the RRU to be in a pure internal antenna working state or in a state that the internal antenna and the external antenna work simultaneously; and when the RRU is in a pure built-in antenna state, changing the insertion loss from the input port to the built-in antenna output port by changing the electrical length.

2. The coupling/power dividing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an external antenna state identification module,

and the external antenna state identification module is used for identifying whether the external antenna is connected with the coupling/power division device.

3. The coupling/power dividing apparatus of claim 1 or 2, further comprising an electrical length compensation module,

the electrical length compensation module is used for adjusting the electrical length to a preset value when the RRU is in a pure built-in scene.

4. The coupling/power dividing apparatus of claim 3,

and the electric length compensation module determines a compensation value of the electric length according to a compensation table of preset parameters.

5. An RRU, comprising: a transmitting/receiving channel, a coupling/power dividing device and a built-in antenna; wherein,

the coupling/power division device comprises a coupling/power division module and a coupling adjustment module; the input port of the coupling/power dividing device is connected with the transmitting/receiving channel; the coupling/power dividing device is connected with the built-in antenna through a direct output port of the coupling/power dividing device; the coupling port of the coupling/power dividing device is connected with an external antenna of the RRU; the internal antenna is arranged in the RRU, and the external antenna is arranged outside the RRU; the coupling adjusting module is used for being matched with the external antenna to enable the RRU to be in a pure internal antenna working state or in a state that the internal antenna and the external antenna work simultaneously; when the RRU is in a pure built-in antenna state, the insertion loss from the input port to the built-in antenna output port is changed by changing the electrical length;

the coupling/power division module is used for directly outputting a downlink signal of wireless communication to the internal antenna and coupling the downlink signal to the external antenna during downlink; and when the antenna is used for uplink, the uplink signal received by the internal antenna and the uplink signal received by the external antenna are input to the transmitting/receiving channel.

6. The RRU of claim 5, wherein the coupling/power division means further comprises an external antenna state identification module,

7. The RRU of claim 5 or 6, further comprising an electrical length compensation module,

the electrical length compensation module is used for adjusting the electrical length to a preset value when the RRU is in a pure built-in antenna scene.

8. The RRU of claim 7, wherein,

and the electric length compensation module determines the value of the electric length according to a compensation table of preset parameters.

9. A system comprising an RRU as claimed in any of claims 5 to 8 and an external antenna.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the system comprises: a remote radio unit, an analog feed-in digital signal distribution system, or a base station digital baseband feed-in signal distribution system.