CN113589502A - Large-visual-field visible light and near-infrared light common-path zooming imaging system - Google Patents
Large-visual-field visible light and near-infrared light common-path zooming imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113589502A CN113589502A CN202110757505.2A CN202110757505A CN113589502A CN 113589502 A CN113589502 A CN 113589502A CN 202110757505 A CN202110757505 A CN 202110757505A CN 113589502 A CN113589502 A CN 113589502A
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003333 near-infrared imaging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
- G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/14—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation
- G02B13/146—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation with corrections for use in multiple wavelength bands, such as infrared and visible light, e.g. FLIR systems
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-visual-field common-path zoom imaging system for visible light and near infrared light. The system consists of an objective lens group, a zoom lens group, a compensation lens group, a fixed lens group, a composite prism, an inverted image lens group, a beam splitter prism, a reticle, an eyepiece group and the like which are coaxially arranged in sequence and encapsulated in a lens tube. Light rays pass through the objective lens group lens, the zoom lens, the compensation lens and the fixed group lens, enter the composite prism and are divided into two light beams, wherein one light beam enters a near infrared detector on the side surface of the composite prism for imaging, and the other light beam passes through the inverted image lens and enters the beam splitting prism to be divided into two light beams again; one light beam enters a visible light color detector on the side surface of the beam splitter prism for imaging, and the other light beam passes through the reticle and the eyepiece group and enters human eyes. The system can simultaneously carry out large-field synchronous zooming on visible light with a wave band of 0.425-0.675 mu m and near infrared light with a wave band of 0.76-1.1 mu m, and realizes the functions of carrying out black and white and color camera shooting and the like while observing and aiming a target.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to a large-visual-field visible light and near infrared light common-path zooming imaging system.
Background
The miniaturization and multi-functionalization trend of the optical imaging device is more and more obvious, and higher requirements are put forward on the light path design. The inventor company has respectively developed an optical splitter (CN112180550A) for receiving two bands through a common window and an optical splitter (CN112180551A) for receiving three bands through a common window, and these optical devices refract, reflect and split light according to a predetermined route through the cooperation of a plurality of lens groups and prisms, and finally share one lens to simultaneously implement different functions of photographing, shooting and distance measurement of visible light and near infrared light.
On the basis, the inventor further develops a large-field-of-view visible light and near infrared light common-path zoom system, and the system divides incident light into three optical paths by using a common-window zoom mode, and the three optical paths are respectively used for real-time black and white and color camera shooting and quick observation aiming.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-visual-field visible light and near infrared light common-path zoom imaging system which comprises an objective lens group lens 1, a zoom lens 2, a compensation lens 3, a fixed group lens 4, a composite prism 5, an inverted image lens 6, a beam splitter prism 7, a reticle 9, an eyepiece group 10 and a receiving device 13 (human eyes), wherein the objective lens group lens 1, the zoom lens 2, the compensation lens 3, the fixed group lens 4, the composite prism 5, the inverted image lens 6, the beam splitter prism 7, the reticle 9, the eyepiece group 10 and the receiving device are arranged at intervals in sequence. Photoelectric detectors are arranged on the side surfaces of the composite prism 5 and the side surfaces of the beam splitter prism 7 in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis; after passing through the objective lens group lens 1, the zoom lens 2, the compensation lens 3 and the fixed group lens 4, the external light enters the composite prism 5 and is divided into A, B two beams of light; the light beam A enters a photoelectric detector on the side surface of the compound prism 5 for imaging, and the light beam B continues to pass through the inverted image lens 6 and then enters a beam splitter prism 7 to be divided into light beams B with the same wavelength range1、B2Two beams of light; b is1The light beam enters a photoelectric detector on the side surface of the beam splitter prism 7 for imaging, B2The light beam enters the receiving device after passing through the reticle 9 and the eyepiece group 1013 imaging.
Further, the photoelectric detector on the side of the composite prism 5 is specifically a near-infrared detector 11, and the photoelectric detector on the side of the beam splitter prism 7 is specifically a visible light color detector 12.
Furthermore, the near infrared detector 11 and the visible light color detector 12 are positioned on the same side of the optical axis on the shaped product, and a condensing lens 8 is arranged between the visible light color detector 12 and the beam splitter prism 7 at intervals. The condenser lens 8 is a convex lens, and has the function of ensuring that the light field entering the visible light color detector 12 is consistent with the light field entering the near-infrared detector 11.
Further, the A light beam is near-infrared light with the wavelength range of 0.76-1.1 μm, and forms near-infrared imaging after entering the detector 11; the B light beam is visible light with wavelength ranging from 0.425 μm to 0.675 μm, wherein B1The light beam enters detector 12 to form a color visible light image. This is so because near-infrared imaging generally has a longer detection range, while color visible imaging can detect sharper details. A beam imaging or B1The choice of beam imaging is often related to the weather environment in which it is used, and both complement each other to ensure that the device can adapt to different natural environments.
Furthermore, the composite prism 5 and the beam splitter prism 7 are fixed together by two identical right-angle prisms along the inclined plane, and two different 45-degree beam splitting films are plated on the inclined planes of the composite prism 5 and the beam splitter prism 7. Wherein the 45-degree light splitting film on the composite prism 5 performs wave band light splitting according to the transmission of 0.425-0.675 mu m (depending on the plating layer arranged on the inclined plane of the lower prism) and the reflection of 0.76-1.1 mu m (depending on the plating layer arranged on the inclined plane of the upper prism); the 45 DEG spectroscopic film on the prism 7 disperses the light in the 0.425-0.675 mu m waveband at the energy ratio of 80% transmission (depending on the plating layer provided on the inclined surface of the lower prism) and 20% reflection (depending on the plating layer provided on the inclined surface of the upper prism).
Further, the objective lens group 1 is composed of a double single structure of a double cemented positive lens ab and a meniscus positive single lens c. The objective lens group 1 is used for imaging an infinitely distant object and entering the object plane of the zoom lens 2, and when the object changes with distance, the objective lens group 1 is adjusted forwards and backwards to enable the object to be imaged on the object plane of the zoom lens 2 all the time. The objective lens group adopts a double single structure form mainly to ensure wide spectrum imaging of 0.425-0.675 μm and 0.76-1.1 μm. The meniscus shape of the single lens is mainly used for rapidly focusing a distant scene.
Further, the zoom lens 2 is a double-cemented negative lens formed by cementing two meniscus single lenses d and e, wherein the meniscus single lens e is in a thick lens form and is mainly used for zooming and imaging with a larger field of view. The zoom lens 2 continuously zooms by changing the front and back positions, the zoom power of the zoom system is f15-f45, and the corresponding field of view changes are as follows: 33-11 while the field of view of conventional optical sights is typically around 10.
Further, the compensation lens 3 is a double cemented negative lens formed by a double concave lens f and a meniscus lens g cemented together, and has the function of compensating the image plane position change caused by the front and back position movement of the zoom lens, so that the zoom image point position is kept unchanged.
Further, the fixed group lens 4 is composed of a closely arranged double (h, i) -double (j, k) -single (l) structure form, which is used for ensuring high on-axis imaging quality of visible light imaging and near infrared imaging. The fixed group lens 4 is used for focusing the light beam imaged by the front objective lens group lens 1, the zoom lens 2 and the compensation lens 3 at a fixed imaging position behind the fixed group lens and ensuring that the relative aperture of the image space is unchanged.
Further, the inverted image lens 6 is formed by a double (m, n) -single (o) -single (p) -double (q, r) image rotating structure, and functions to convert an inverted image formed by the objective lens group 1, the zoom lens 2, the compensation lens 3 and the fixed lens group 4 into an upright image, so as to facilitate later observation and aiming. The double-single-double image structure form is the most widely applied image transfer system, and is mainly beneficial to an imaging system with a larger field of view and a larger relative aperture.
Further, the eyepiece group 10 is composed of a double (s, t) -single (u) Kernel eyepiece. The eyepiece group lens 10 acts as a magnifying lens, and can further magnify the image of the objective lens and form the image at the photopic vision distance of human eyes, so that the observation of the human eyes is facilitated. The Kernel eyepiece is selected because of its advantages of high imaging quality, long exit pupil distance, light weight, etc.
Further, the receiving device 13 is a human eye or a camera.
Further, the system is packaged in a mirror tube and then fixed on a vehicle, aiming, observation and other devices.
Compared with the prior similar equipment, the invention has the beneficial effects of:
(1) the objective lens group is shared, and the focusing point of double light paths (visible light with a wave band of 0.425-0.675 mu m and near infrared light with a wave band of 0.76-1.1 mu m) is adjusted simultaneously by using the objective lens group, so that the imaging range is adjusted to be infinity-3 m.
(2) The zoom lens 2, the compensation lens 3 and the fixed group lens 4 are matched to carry out large-view-field synchronous zooming on visible light with a wave band of 0.425-0.675 mu m and near infrared light with a wave band of 0.76-1.1 mu m, and the change range of the view field is 33-11 degrees. For a common sighting telescope, the maximum view field range is generally about 10 degrees, so the view field improvement effect of the imaging system is very obvious.
(3) The whole imaging system has the advantages of simple structure, small size, portability, rich functions and the like, can perform black-white and color shooting while observing and aiming a target, and can be used for day and night observation and shooting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a common-path zoom system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic optical path diagram of the common optical path zoom system of the present invention.
The system comprises an objective lens group, a zoom lens group, a compensation lens group, a fixed lens group, a compound prism group, a negative image lens group, a 7-beam splitter prism group, a 8-condenser lens group, a 9-reticle, a 10-ocular lens group, a 11-near infrared detector, a 12-visible light color detector and a 13-receiving device.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art fully understand the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the following description is further provided with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The directions of the invention, such as up, down, left, right, front, back and the like, are subject to the directions shown in the attached drawings of the specification.
As shown in fig. 1, the large-field-of-view visible light and near-infrared light common-path zoom system comprises coaxially arranged objective lens group lenses 1, zoom lens 2, compensation lens 3, fixed group lens 4, composite prism 5, inverted image lens 6, beam splitter prism 7, reticle 9, ocular lens group 10 and receiving device 13 from left to right, and the whole system is packaged in a metal lens tube. Each lens is formed by combining a plurality of positive and negative lenses with different optical parameters, and the composite prism 5 and the beam splitter prism 7 are formed by bonding two right-angle prisms with the same size along the inclined plane. A near infrared detector 11 and a visible light color detector 12 are respectively arranged at the same side of the composite prism 5 and the beam splitter prism 7 opposite to the light-emitting surface of the prism at a certain distance, and a condensing lens 8 (a biconvex lens) is arranged between the beam splitter prism 7 and the visible light color detector 12. The near-infrared detector 11 and the visible light color detector 12 both belong to photodetectors and can convert optical signals into electrical signals, and are different in that the two detectors detect different wavelengths of light, the former mainly detects near-infrared light with a wavelength in a range of 780nm to 3 μm, and the latter mainly detects visible light with a wavelength in a range of 390nm to 780 nm.
Specifically, light reflected by an external object enters from the left side (i.e., the left side in fig. 1) of the entire common-path zoom system, and the human eye (i.e., the receiving device 13) observes and aims at the right side of the common-path zoom system. The lens types and arrangement from left to right are as follows: the lens comprises a negative meniscus lens a, a double convex positive lens b, a positive meniscus lens c, a negative meniscus lens d, a thick meniscus lens e, a double concave negative lens f, a positive meniscus lens g, a double convex positive lens h, a negative lens i, a double convex positive lens j, a negative plano-concave lens k, a double convex positive lens l, a negative plano-concave lens m, a double convex positive lens n, a double convex positive lens o, a positive meniscus lens p, a positive plano-convex lens q, a negative plano-concave lens r, a negative biconcave lens s, a positive biconvex lens t and a positive biconvex lens u. The lenses jointly complete refraction and reflection of light rays, and realize complex optical functions.
As shown in fig. 1, the objective lens group 1 is usedFor observing a target, external incident light passes through the objective lens group lens 1, the zoom lens 2, the compensation lens 3 and the fixed lens group 4 and then is polymerized onto the composite prism 5, and the light is divided into two beams by the composite prism 5. One of the near infrared light beams with the wavelength of 0.76-1.1 μm is refracted by the composite prism 5 by 90 degrees and then converged on an imaging surface of the near infrared detector 11, and the other visible light beam with the wavelength of 0.425-0.675 μm is inverted by the inverting lens 6 after being transmitted through the composite prism 5 and converged on the beam splitting prism 7 to be divided into two light beams again. One path refracts a small part of visible light with the wavelength of 0.425-0.675 mu m by 90 degrees and focuses the visible light on the imaging surface of the visible light color detector 12 through the condensing lens 8; the other path is transmitted by the beam splitter prism 7, most of visible light in a wave band of 0.425-0.675 mu m is focused on the reticle 9, and then is imaged in the eyes of an observer through the ocular lens group 10. Among the three separated lights, the A light is mainly used for carrying out black-and-white shooting and observation on the target at night or under poor illumination conditions, and the B light is used for carrying out black-and-white shooting and observation on the target1The road light is mainly used for color shooting and observing the target in the daytime or under better illumination condition, B2The road light is mainly used for observing and aiming the target in real time. The three paths of light are mutually independent, do not interfere with each other, make up for each other's strong points, and the adaptation to external environment that can maximize.
Claims (10)
1. A large-visual-field visible light and near-infrared light common-path zooming imaging system is characterized in that: the system comprises an objective lens group lens (1), a zoom lens (2), a compensation lens (3), a fixed group lens (4), a composite prism (5), an inverted image lens (6), a beam splitter prism (7), a reticle (9), an eyepiece group (10) and a receiving device (13) which share an optical axis and are sequentially arranged at intervals; photoelectric detectors are arranged on the side surfaces of the composite prism (5) and the side surfaces of the beam splitter prism (7) in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis; after passing through the objective lens group lens (1), the zoom lens (2), the compensation lens (3) and the fixed group lens (4), external light enters the composite prism (5) and is divided into A, B two beams of light; the light beam A enters a photoelectric detector on the side surface of the composite prism (5) for imaging, and the light beam B continues to pass through the inverted image lens (6) and then enters a beam splitter prism (7) to be split into light beams B with the same wavelength range1、B2Two beams of light; b is1The light beam enters the side of the beam-splitting prism (7)Imaging in photodetectors, B2The light beam passes through the reticle (9) and the eyepiece group (10) and then enters the receiving device (13) for imaging.
2. The large-field-of-view visible light and near-infrared light common-path zoom imaging system of claim 1, wherein: the photoelectric detector on the side of the composite prism (5) is specifically a near-infrared detector (11), and the photoelectric detector on the side of the beam splitter prism (7) is specifically a visible light color detector (12).
3. The large-field-of-view visible light and near-infrared light common-path zoom imaging system of claim 2, wherein: the near-infrared detector (11) and the visible light color detector (12) are positioned on the same side of an optical axis, and condensing lenses (8) are arranged between the visible light color detector (12) and the light splitting prism (7) at intervals.
4. The large-field-of-view visible light and near-infrared light common-path zoom imaging system of claim 1, wherein: the A light beam is near-infrared light with the wavelength range of 0.76-1.1 mu m, and forms near-infrared imaging after entering a detector (11); the B light beam is visible light with the wavelength ranging from 0.425 μm to 0.675 μm, and B is formed after the light splitting1The light beam enters a detector (12) to form a color visible light image.
5. The large-field-of-view visible light and near-infrared light common-path zoom imaging system of claim 1, wherein: the composite prism (5) and the light splitting prism (7) are combined and fixed together by two identical right-angle prisms along the inclined plane, two different 45-degree light splitting films are respectively plated on the inclined planes of the composite prism (5) and the light splitting prism (7), wherein the 45-degree light splitting film on the composite prism (5) performs wave band light splitting according to the transmission of 0.425-0.675 mu m and the reflection of 0.76-1.1 mu m, and the 45-degree light splitting film on the light splitting prism (7) performs light splitting on the wave band light of 0.425-0.675 mu m according to the energy proportion of 80% transmission and 20% reflection.
6. The large-field-of-view visible light and near-infrared light common-path zoom imaging system of claim 1, wherein: the objective lens group (1) consists of a double single structure of double cemented positive lenses (a and b) and a meniscus positive single lens (c); the zoom lens (2) is a double-cemented negative lens formed by cementing two meniscus single lenses (d, e), wherein the meniscus single lens (e) adopts a thick lens form.
7. The large-field-of-view visible light and near-infrared light common-path zoom imaging system of claim 1, wherein: the compensation lens (3) is a double-cemented negative lens formed by cementing a double-concave lens (f) and a meniscus lens (g); the fixed group of lenses (4) is formed by closely arranged double (h, i) -double (j, k) -single (l) structural forms; the inverted image lens (6) is formed by a double (m, n) -single (o) -single (p) -double (q, r) image rotating structure form; the eyepiece group (10) consists of a double (s, t) -single (u) Kernel eyepiece.
8. The large-field-of-view visible light and near-infrared light common-path zoom imaging system of claim 1, wherein: the receiving device (13) is a human eye or a camera.
9. The large-field-of-view visible light and near-infrared light common-path zoom imaging system of claim 1, wherein: the system is packaged in a lens tube and then fixed on equipment such as vehicles, sighting, observation and the like.
10. The large field of view, visible light and near infrared common path zoom imaging system of any one of claims 1-9, wherein: the zoom power of the system is f15-f45, and the corresponding field of view is changed to 33-11 degrees.
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| CN104035190A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-10 | 西安工业大学 | Integrated multi-waveband common-path synchronous continuous variable-focus optical system |
| CN105372796A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-02 | 西安工业大学 | Refrigeration type common-caliber medium/long-wave infrared double-waveband double-view-field dual-shift zoom optical system |
| CN107643591A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-30 | 河南中光学集团有限公司 | A kind of antidamping Penetrating Fog visible light lens and implementation method |
| CN210690931U (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-06-05 | 成都浩孚科技有限公司 | Long-wave infrared zooming optical system for 1K detector |
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2021
- 2021-07-05 CN CN202110757505.2A patent/CN113589502A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104035190A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-10 | 西安工业大学 | Integrated multi-waveband common-path synchronous continuous variable-focus optical system |
| CN105372796A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-02 | 西安工业大学 | Refrigeration type common-caliber medium/long-wave infrared double-waveband double-view-field dual-shift zoom optical system |
| CN107643591A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-30 | 河南中光学集团有限公司 | A kind of antidamping Penetrating Fog visible light lens and implementation method |
| CN210690931U (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-06-05 | 成都浩孚科技有限公司 | Long-wave infrared zooming optical system for 1K detector |
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Inventor after: Zhang Junfeng Inventor after: Wei Wenbin Inventor after: Xian Wei Inventor after: Li Keyu Inventor after: Hao Guangyu Inventor after: Li Ke Inventor after: Chang Daying Inventor before: Zhang Junfeng Inventor before: Wei Wenbin Inventor before: Chang Daying Inventor before: Xian Wei Inventor before: Li Keyu Inventor before: Hao Guangyu Inventor before: Li Ke |
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Application publication date: 20211102 |