CN113549768A - Method and system for treating metallurgical cold slag and control method of system - Google Patents

Method and system for treating metallurgical cold slag and control method of system Download PDF

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CN113549768A
CN113549768A CN202110849149.7A CN202110849149A CN113549768A CN 113549768 A CN113549768 A CN 113549768A CN 202110849149 A CN202110849149 A CN 202110849149A CN 113549768 A CN113549768 A CN 113549768A
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slag
treated
smelting
cold slag
cold
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CN113549768B (en
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周兆安
孙雁军
刘小文
李俊
毛谙章
孙启航
何樟海
黄颖怡
周爱青
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Guangdong Feinan Resources Utilization Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/04—Working-up slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/02—Roasting processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • C22B7/002—Dry processes by treating with halogens, sulfur or compounds thereof; by carburising, by treating with hydrogen (hydriding)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a method, a system and a control method of the system for treating metallurgical cold slag, belonging to the technical field of metallurgical resource recovery treatment. The method for treating the metallurgical cold slag comprises the following steps: and performing element analysis on the cold slag to be processed to obtain a primary analysis result, and calculating according to the preset slag type requirement and the primary analysis result to obtain a component adjustment quantity result. The cold slag to be treated and the ingredients are compatible together according to the result of the component adjustment; and then smelting the compatible materials to obtain the treatment slag. Detecting the acid dissolution rate of the treated slag to obtain a secondary analysis result, and judging whether the treated slag is standard slag or non-standard slag according to the preset acid dissolution rate requirement and the secondary analysis result; and outputting the standard slag as a finished product, and returning the substandard slag as the cold slag to be treated. The method can effectively improve the influence of the acid leaching rate on the resource recycling of the metallurgical waste residue.

Description

Method and system for treating metallurgical cold slag and control method of system
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of recovery and treatment of metallurgical resources, in particular to a method and a system for treating metallurgical cold slag and a control method of the system.
Background
At present, the slag produced by a metallurgical furnace kiln is greatly influenced by factors such as the type of a target product, the slag type, the furnace condition and the like, and particularly the acid dissolution rate is uneven. With the environmental protection becoming more severe, the acid leaching rate of the slag is an important technical index for resource recycling.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method, a system and a control method of the system for treating metallurgical cold slag, which can effectively improve the influence of acid dissolution rate on resource recycling of metallurgical waste slag.
The embodiment of the application is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a system for treating metallurgical cold slag, including:
the regulating and controlling unit comprises a detection module and a calculation module; the detection module is used for carrying out element analysis on cold slag to be processed to obtain a primary analysis result, and the calculation module is used for calculating according to a preset slag type requirement and the primary analysis result to obtain a component adjustment quantity result;
the smelting unit comprises an adjusting structure and a smelting structure; the adjusting structure is used for receiving the component adjusting quantity result and carrying out compatibility adjustment on the cold slag to be treated and the ingredients in the smelting structure;
and the monitoring unit is used for detecting the acid dissolution rate of the treatment slag obtained by smelting the smelting structure to obtain a secondary analysis result, and judging whether the treatment slag is standard slag or substandard slag according to the preset acid dissolution rate requirement and the secondary analysis result.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a control method for a system for treating metallurgical cold slag as provided in an embodiment of the first aspect, including:
starting a detection module to perform elemental analysis on cold slag to be processed to obtain a primary analysis result; then starting a calculation module to calculate according to the preset slag type requirement and the primary analysis result to obtain a component adjustment quantity result;
starting an adjusting structure to perform compatibility adjustment on the cold slag to be treated and the ingredients in the smelting structure according to the component adjusting quantity result to obtain compatible materials; then starting a smelting structure to smelt the compatible materials to obtain treatment slag;
and starting the monitoring unit to detect the acid dissolution rate of the treated slag to obtain a secondary analysis result, judging whether the treated slag is standard slag or substandard slag according to a preset acid dissolution rate requirement and the secondary analysis result, and returning the substandard slag as cold slag to be treated.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for treating metallurgical cold slag, including:
performing element analysis on cold slag to be processed to obtain a primary analysis result, and calculating according to preset slag type requirements and the primary analysis result to obtain a component adjustment quantity result;
carrying out compatibility adjustment on the cold slag to be treated and the ingredients together according to the result of the adjustment amount of the ingredients to obtain a compatible material; then smelting the compatible materials to obtain treatment slag;
detecting the acid dissolution rate of the treated slag to obtain a secondary analysis result, and judging whether the treated slag is standard slag or non-standard slag according to the preset acid dissolution rate requirement and the secondary analysis result; and outputting the standard slag as a finished product, and returning the substandard slag as the cold slag to be treated.
The method, the system and the control method for the system for treating the metallurgical cold slag have the advantages that:
in the application, the element analysis is carried out on the cold slag to be treated, and the cold slag to be treated and the ingredients are accurately matched and adjusted according to the analysis result, so that the cold slag to be treated is conveniently blended and modified under the appropriate preset slag form condition, and the acid leaching rate of the treated slag obtained by smelting can be effectively reduced. The treatment slag is subjected to element analysis, and the treatment slag is subjected to standard-reaching judgment according to the analysis result, so that the output standard-reaching slag can be effectively controlled to meet the requirement of resource recycling. The influence of the acid dissolution rate on the resource recycling of the metallurgical waste residue can be effectively improved by effectively reducing the acid dissolution rate and judging the treated slag to reach the standard.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system for treating metallurgical cold slag provided by an embodiment of the application.
Icon: 100-a system for treating metallurgical cold slag;
110-a regulatory unit; 120-a smelting unit; 130-a monitoring unit; 140-a cold slag storage unit; 150-a processed slag output unit; 160-product storage unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" of "one or more" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the range of "numerical value a to numerical value b" includes both values "a" and "b", and "unit of measure" in "numerical value a to numerical value b + unit of measure" represents both "unit of measure" of "numerical value a" and "numerical value b".
In addition, in the present application, "and/or" such as "feature 1 and/or" feature 2 "means that" feature 1 "alone," feature 2 "alone, and" feature 1 "plus" feature 2 "alone may be used.
The method, the system and the control method of the system for treating the metallurgical cold slag of the embodiment of the application are specifically described below.
Referring to fig. 1, in a first aspect, the present embodiment provides a system 100 for processing metallurgical cold slag, where the system 100 for processing metallurgical cold slag includes a regulation unit 110, a smelting unit 120, and a monitoring unit 130.
The conditioning unit 110 includes a detection module and a calculation module. The detection module is used for carrying out elemental analysis on the cold slag to be processed to obtain a primary analysis result; the calculation module is in communication connection with the detection module and is used for calculating to obtain a component adjustment quantity result according to preset slag type requirements and a primary analysis result, for example, by adopting an auxiliary material consumption optimal principle.
The melting unit 120 includes an adjustment structure and a melting structure. The adjusting structure is provided with a control module and a feeding module; the control module is in communication connection with the calculation module of the regulation and control unit 110 and is used for receiving the result of the component adjustment amount; the control module is also in communication connection with the feeding module and is used for controlling the feeding module to quantitatively feed the cold slag to be treated and the ingredients into the smelting structure according to the received ingredient adjustment quantity result so as to carry out compatibility adjustment.
The monitoring unit 130 is configured to perform acid dissolution rate detection on the processing slag obtained by smelting the smelting structure to obtain a secondary analysis result, and determine that the processing slag is standard slag or non-standard slag according to a preset acid dissolution rate requirement and the secondary analysis result.
To facilitate storage and management of cold slag to be processed, and with continued reference to fig. 1, in some exemplary embodiments, the system 100 for processing metallurgical cold slag further includes a cold slag storage unit 140, the cold slag storage unit 140 having a storage chamber for storing cold slag to be processed.
Optionally, the discharge end of the storage chamber can be communicated with and closed off from the feed end of the smelting structure, and cold slag to be treated can be conveniently supplied into the smelting structure.
To facilitate transportation and management of the process slag, and with continued reference to fig. 1, in some exemplary embodiments, the system 100 for processing metallurgical cold slag further includes a process slag output unit 150 and a finished product storage unit 160. The feeding end of the processing slag output unit 150 can be communicated and closed with the output end of the smelting structure, the feeding end of the finished product storage unit 160 can be communicated and closed with the output end of the processing slag output unit 150, and the processing slag generated by the smelting structure can be conveniently output.
The recycling rate of the metallurgical waste residues can be better realized by returning the substandard slag as the cold slag to be treated for repeated treatment.
As an example, with continued reference to fig. 1, the feed end of the storage chamber can communicate with the discharge end of the processed slag output unit 150, i.e., the discharge end of the processed slag output unit 150 can optionally communicate with the feed end of the finished product storage unit 160 and the feed end of the storage chamber. When the treatment slag generated by the smelting structure is the substandard slag, the substandard slag can be conveniently returned to the storage chamber, so that the storage chamber of the cold slag storage unit 140 can store metallurgical cold slag and substandard slag as cold slag to be treated.
It can be understood that, in the present application, the setting manner of the regulating unit 110 and the monitoring unit 130 is not limited, and they may be set independently, or may be set correspondingly to one of the smelting unit 120, the cold slag storage unit 140 and the processed slag output unit 150 according to the operation requirement, for example, the regulating unit 110 is set correspondingly to the storage chamber of the cold slag storage unit 140 or the smelting structure of the smelting unit 120, and the monitoring unit 130 is set correspondingly to the smelting structure of the smelting unit 120 or the processed slag output unit 150.
As an example, referring to fig. 1, the control unit 110 is disposed in a storage chamber of the cold slag storage unit 140, and the monitoring unit 130 is disposed in a smelting structure of the smelting unit 120.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a control method of the system 100 for treating metallurgical cold slag as provided in the first aspect, including:
starting a detection module to perform elemental analysis on cold slag to be processed to obtain a primary analysis result; and then starting a calculation module to calculate to obtain a component adjustment amount result according to the preset slag type requirement and a primary analysis result, for example, by adopting an auxiliary material consumption optimal principle.
And the detection module of the adjusting structure receives the component adjusting quantity result and controls and starts the feeding module of the adjusting structure to quantitatively feed the cold slag to be processed and the ingredients into the smelting structure according to the received component adjusting quantity result so as to carry out compatibility, thus obtaining compatible materials. And then starting a smelting structure to smelt the compatible materials to obtain the treatment slag.
And starting the monitoring unit 130 to detect the acid dissolution rate of the processed slag to obtain a secondary analysis result, and judging whether the processed slag is standard slag or non-standard slag according to the preset acid dissolution rate requirement and the secondary analysis result. And returning the substandard slag as the cold slag to be treated.
As an example, when the secondary analysis result judges that the processed slag is the substandard slag, the processed slag output unit 150 is controlled to transfer the substandard slag back to the storage chamber of the cold slag storage unit 140; and when the secondary analysis result judges that the processed slag is the slag reaching the standard, controlling the processed slag output unit 150 to output the slag reaching the standard from the discharge end of the smelting unit 120 to the finished product storage unit 160.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for processing metallurgical cold slag, which exemplarily uses the system 100 for processing metallurgical cold slag provided in the first aspect embodiment to perform operations, and is controlled by the control method of the system 100 for processing metallurgical cold slag provided in the second aspect embodiment.
In the present application, a method for treating metallurgical cold slag comprises:
and performing element analysis on the cold slag to be processed to obtain a primary analysis result, and calculating to obtain a component adjustment amount result according to a preset slag type requirement and the primary analysis result, for example, by adopting an optimal auxiliary material consumption principle.
The cold slag to be treated is compatible with the ingredients according to the ingredient adjustment result to obtain a compatible material; and then smelting the compatible materials to obtain the treatment slag.
In the process, the element analysis is carried out on the cold slag to be processed, the components of the cold slag to be processed are accurately adjusted according to the analysis result, the cold slag to be processed is conveniently blended under the proper preset slag form condition for modification, and the acid leaching rate of the processed slag obtained by smelting can be effectively reduced.
It should be noted that, in the present application, the result of the component adjustment amount may be zero, that is, the elemental analysis structure of the cold slag to be processed meets the requirement of the preset slag type. In this case, when the components of the cold slag to be treated are adjusted according to the component adjustment amount result, the compatible materials are directly smelted without adding ingredients for adjusting the component content.
Detecting the acid dissolution rate of the treated slag to obtain a secondary analysis result, and judging whether the treated slag is standard slag or non-standard slag according to the preset acid dissolution rate requirement and the secondary analysis result; and outputting the standard slag as a finished product, and returning the substandard slag as the cold slag to be treated.
In the process, the treatment slag is subjected to element analysis, and the treatment slag is subjected to standard-reaching judgment according to an analysis result, so that the output standard-reaching slag can be effectively controlled to meet the requirement of resource recycling.
According to the method for treating the metallurgical cold slag, the acid dissolution rate is effectively reduced, and the treated slag is judged to reach the standard, so that the influence of the acid dissolution rate on the resource recycling of the metallurgical waste slag can be effectively improved.
It should be noted that, in the present application, the preset slag type requirement may be selected according to the melting compatibility requirement known in the art, or may be designed according to the melting requirement, as long as the acid leaching rate can be effectively reduced after the melting is performed. The preset acid leaching rate requirement can be selected according to the well-known metallurgical resource recovery treatment standard in the field, and can also be determined or designed according to the recovery application requirement of the standard slag.
The elemental analysis method and the melting treatment method may be performed by methods known in the art.
As for the elemental analysis, as an example, the sampling is performed with reference to the standard of technical Specification HJ/T20-1998 for sampling and preparing industrial solid wastes, and the analysis is performed with reference to a conventional test method such as national standard or industrial standard.
As an example of the melting method, when the compatible material is melted, the compatible material and the fuel are mixed together and melted. Optionally, in the blast furnace, the fuel is a carbon-based solid fuel, and the addition amount of the fuel is 6-10% of the addition amount of the compatible material, such as but not limited to any one of 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% and 10% or a range value between any two. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, liquid or gaseous fuel may be used, or other means such as electrical energy may be used to provide heat in place of the fuel.
The inventor researches and discovers that the preset slag type requirement is controlled according to a specific element content standard, so that compatible materials have a proper element proportion, and the acid dissolution rate can be effectively reduced by smelting at a lower temperature, and therefore, a metallurgical furnace kiln can be used for better processing.
As an example, the preset slag type is a calcium silicate slag type, and the preset slag type requirements include: SiO is more than or equal to 30 weight percent2The content is less than or equal to 50 wt%, the content of CaO is less than or equal to 35 wt%, and the content of FeO is less than or equal to 70 wt% and is more than or equal to 10 wt%.
Further, Al2O3Less than or equal to 17 wt%, Na2O and K2Total O content of 10 wt% or less, MgO and Cr2O3Total content is less than or equal to 10 wt%, Al2O3MgO and Cr2O3The total content is less than or equal to 20 weight percent, CaO and SiO2、FeO、Na2O、K2O and Al2O3The total content is more than or equal to 80 weight percent, CaO and Na2O and K2The total content of O is less than or equal to 35wt percent.
In the present application, Na is defined as2O and K2The total content of O is less than or equal to 10wt percent and is Na2O and K2When O is mixed in any proportion, the p-acid solubility can be achievedLoss rate is a considerable regulatory role. Other general contents are expressed in the same way and will not be described in detail.
FeO-CaO-SiO2The ternary silicate degree K of (a) is 1.0 to 2.0, and is, for example, but not limited to, any one of 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 or a range between any two.
Under the requirement of the preset slag type, the flowing temperature N of the compatible materials is less than or equal to 1300 ℃, so that the smelting can be better realized under the condition of lower temperature. Wherein the hemispherical temperature and the flow temperature can be determined by testing the slag melting temperature by the hemispherical point method.
Further, in the melting treatment, the melting temperature is (M +100) to (N +100) DEG C,
as an example, in the smelting process, the smelting temperature is 1150-1400 ℃, such as but not limited to any one of 1150 ℃, 1200 ℃, 1250 ℃, 1300 ℃, 1350 ℃ and 1400 ℃ or a range value between any two; the smelting time is (0.5-2) h, such as but not limited to any one of 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h and 2h or a range between any two.
Under the smelting treatment conditions, the matching of the smelting conditions and compatible materials is better, and the smelting temperature can be reasonably controlled while the better smelting effect is ensured.
The inventor researches and discovers that the method for treating the metallurgical cold slag provided by the embodiment of the application can better realize the treatment of the metallurgical cold slag with the acid dissolution rate of more than 5 percent particularly under the preset slag type requirement and the smelting treatment condition, can effectively reduce the acid dissolution rate of the metallurgical cold slag and reduce the acid dissolution rate to be less than or equal to 5 percent, and meets the requirement of 'hazardous waste identification standard-leaching toxicity identification'.
Thus, in some exemplary embodiments, the acid loss rate of the cold slag to be treated is > 5%, and the acid loss rate of the slag up to standard is ≦ 5%; correspondingly, the acid leaching loss rate of the substandard slag is more than 5 percent.
Considering that the slag has certain influence on the stability of the slag when the content of the valuable metals in the slag is higher and has certain recovery value, the valuable metals in the slag can be further recovered through the vulcanization treatment, and the improvement of the stability of the slag is facilitated.
As an example, when the cold slag to be treated meets the preset conditions, in the smelting treatment, the compatible materials, the vulcanizing agent and the reducing agent are mixed for smelting. Wherein the preset conditions are as follows: the total content of valuable metals in the cold slag to be treated is more than or equal to 0.5 wt%.
The type of the valuable metal can be confirmed according to a standard known in the art, and the valuable metals are copper, nickel, tin, lead, cobalt, antimony, and bismuth, as an example.
The types of the sulfidizing agent and the reducing agent are not limited and may be selected according to the type and the use requirement known in the art.
As one example, the vulcanizing agent includes one or more of a sulfate salt such as sodium sulfate and calcium sulfate; sulphides such as ferrous or other iron sulphides, which are provided for example by pyrite. The reducing agent is, for example, a carbon-based reducing agent.
Considering that the usage of the vulcanizing agent and the reducing agent has larger influence on the vulcanization modification, the reasonable control of the usage of the vulcanizing agent and the reducing agent is beneficial to better achieving the purposes of reducing the valuable metal content of the slag and recycling the metal.
With respect to the amount of the vulcanizing agent, as an example, the vulcanizing agent is in the form of S ═ β · STheoretical quantityStandard addition of/η.
S is the mass of sulfur in the added vulcanizing agent.
Considering that the reaction of materials cannot reach 100 percent of reaction rate according to the ideal reaction, the vulcanizing agent needs to be added in excess in the feeding process to ensure sufficient vulcanization. Beta is an excess coefficient which represents the ratio of the actual dosage of the vulcanizing agent to the theoretical dosage, namely beta is the actual dosage of the vulcanizing agent/the theoretical dosage of the vulcanizing agent.
Optionally, β is 1.2 ~ 2, such as but not limited to any one of 1.2, 1.5, 1.8 and 2.0 or a range between any two. Further, when the total content of the valuable metals in the cold slag to be treated is more than or equal to 5 percent, the beta is 1.5, and when the total content of the valuable metals in the cold slag to be treated is less than 5 percent, the beta is 1.2.
STheoretical quantityFor the valuable metals and iron in the cold slag to be treated to form Cu2S、Ni3S2、SnS、PbS、CoS、Sb2S3、Bi2S3And the theoretical mass of sulfur corresponding to the FeS form.
Considering that iron in slag and burden participates in slagging in the form of iron oxides, it is common to have various forms in slag; in the form of FeO-CaO-SiO2In slag type slag, iron may be FeO or Fe3O4、CaO·SiO2FeO and 2FeO SiO2And the like. When a vulcanizing agent exists, only part of iron in the slag participates in a vulcanizing reaction, and ferrous sulfide generated by the vulcanizing reaction enters a matte phase. Taking a vulcanizing agent as Na2SO4As an example, partial iron participation in sulfidation reactions includes:
FeO+Na2SO4+4C＝FeS+Na2O+4CO(g)；
Fe3O4+3Na2SO4+13C＝3FeS+3Na2O+13CO(g)；
(2FeO)·SiO2+2Na2SO4+8C＝2FeS+(2Na2O)·SiO2+8CO(g)；
3CaO·FeO·SiO2+Na2SO4+3C＝Ca3Fe2Si3O12+Na2O+FeS+3CO(g)。
thus, in order to determine more accurately the theoretical mass of sulphur required for the sulphidation of the cold slag to be treated to form the corresponding sulphide, optionally the metered mass of the metal value is at 100% stoichiometry and the metered mass of iron is at the < 100% stoichiometry standard. Where the metered mass is the mass used to calculate the theoretical mass of the corresponding sulfur, and the x% stoichiometry is the percentage ratio of the metered mass to the actual mass.
Illustratively, the measured mass of iron is in mFe/m∑MeSStandard determination of 5% to 40%, mFeIs a measured mass of ironAmount, m∑MeSIs Cu corresponding to copper, nickel, tin, lead and cobalt elements in the cold slag to be treated2S、Ni3S2Total mass of sulfides in the form of SnS, PbS, CoS. Further, when the total content of valuable metals is more than or equal to 5 percent, mFe/m∑MeS20 percent; when the total content of valuable metals is less than 5%, mFe/m∑MeS＝30％。
Eta is the sulfur fixation rate of the slag treatment furnace kiln in the smelting treatment.
Optionally, η is 40% to 80%, such as but not limited to any one of 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80% or a range between any two. Further, η is chosen to be 80% when β is 2 and 60% when β is 1.2.
Regarding the amount of the reducing agent, as an example, in order to provide sufficient reducing agent to ensure that the sulfidation reaction is sufficiently performed, the amount of the reducing agent is (1.5 to 2.0) Q, for example, but not limited to, any one of 1.5Q, 1.6Q, 1.7Q, 1.8Q, 1.9Q, and 2.0Q, or a range therebetween. Wherein Q is the theoretical dosage of the reducing agent participating in the vulcanization reaction; illustratively, the theoretical amount is calculated using a carbon-based reducing agent as an example, and the reaction product is calculated as CO.
Examples
A method for treating metallurgical cold slag comprising:
s1, determining an index value of the acid dissolution rate of the cold slag to be treated.
The acid dissolution rate is represented by Y, and the detection standard is as follows: appendix A in technical requirements for vitrified products of solid wastes (manuscript for comments) in determination of acid loss rate of vitrified products of solid wastes.
And S2, carrying out element analysis on the cold slag to be processed to obtain a primary analysis result, and calculating according to preset slag type requirements and the primary analysis result by adopting an auxiliary material consumption optimal principle to obtain a component adjustment quantity result.
And S3, adjusting the components of the cold slag to be treated according to the component adjustment amount result to obtain a compatible material.
FeO-CaO-SiO2III of (2)The degree of metasilicate is expressed in K.
The valuable metals are copper, nickel, tin, lead, cobalt, antimony and bismuth, and the total content of the valuable metals is represented by X1.
The hemispherical temperature and the flow temperature are determined by testing the slag melting temperature by the hemispherical point method, wherein the hemispherical temperature is denoted by M and the flow temperature is denoted by N.
And S4, judging whether a vulcanizing agent and a reducing agent need to be added or not according to the primary analysis result, and determining the addition amounts of the vulcanizing agent and the reducing agent.
Criteria for the addition of sulfiding and reducing agents are: the total content of valuable metals in the cold slag to be treated is more than or equal to 0.5 wt%.
Vulcanizing agent according to the formula S ═ beta.STheoretical quantityStandard addition of/. eta.Theoretical quantityFor the valuable metals and iron in the cold slag to be treated to form Cu2S、Ni3S2、SnS、PbS、CoS、Sb2S3、Bi2S3The sum of the theoretical masses of sulfur corresponding to the FeS form, the metered mass of iron being in mFe/m∑MeSDetermined by a standard of 5-40%, mFeIs the measured mass of iron, m∑MeSIs Cu corresponding to copper, nickel, tin, lead and cobalt elements in the cold slag to be treated2S、Ni3S2Total mass of sulfides in the form of SnS, PbS, CoS.
The addition amount of the reducing agent is (1.5-2) Q, which is expressed by A1, and Q is the theoretical amount of the reducing agent participating in the vulcanization reaction; illustratively, the theoretical amount is calculated using a carbon-based reducing agent as an example, and the reaction product is calculated as CO.
And S5, mixing the compatible materials, the fuel, the vulcanizing agent and the reducing agent, and smelting to obtain the treatment slag.
The fuel is carbon-based solid fuel, and the proportion of the dosage of the fuel relative to the addition of the compatible material is represented by A2; the reducing agent is a carbon-based reducing agent.
S6, detecting the acid dissolution rate of the treated slag to obtain a secondary analysis result, and judging whether the treated slag is standard slag or non-standard slag according to a preset acid dissolution rate requirement and the secondary analysis result; and outputting the standard slag as a finished product, and returning the substandard slag as the cold slag to be treated.
The relevant indexes of the cold slag to be treated are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 indexes associated with the cold slag to be treated
Figure BDA0003180899030000121
Figure BDA0003180899030000131
Figure BDA0003180899030000141
The relevant indexes of the preset slag type are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2. correlation index of preset slag type
Figure BDA0003180899030000142
Figure BDA0003180899030000151
The relevant parameters during melting are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 melting parameters
Figure BDA0003180899030000152
Figure BDA0003180899030000161
Note: example 21 and example 30, showing no addition of reducing agent and sulfiding agent; in example 22, the measured mass of iron is 100% in terms of FeS.
Test examples
The acid leaching rate results of the standard slag provided by each example were tested, and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 acid loss index results
Figure BDA0003180899030000171
Figure BDA0003180899030000181
From table 4, it can be seen that:
in example 4, since the melting temperature is lower than (hemisphere temperature +100 ℃), the slag is not completely melted, and the slagging reaction is not completely performed, the acid leaching rate of the slag after blending is far beyond the standard.
In example 6, the smelting slagging reaction is not sufficient due to insufficient smelting time, the slagging reaction is not thorough, and the acid leaching rate of the finally blended slag is slightly over-standard; in example 7, although the melting time is long, the improvement of the index result of the acid leaching rate after slagging is not obvious, which is not beneficial to energy saving.
In example 12, the excessive addition coefficient β of the vulcanizing agent is 2.5, the addition amount of the vulcanizing agent is large, and part of iron in the slag enters the matte phase in the form of FeS, so that the preset FeO content in the slag is lower than 10%, the ternary silicate degree K is also higher than 2, the slag type is not in the preset range, the acid dissolution rate is 6.72%, and the excessive value is exceeded.
In example 15, when the sulfur fixation rate η is 30%, the amount of the vulcanizing agent is excessive, and as in example 12, the content of FeO in the slag is lower than 10%, but the value of the ternary silicate K is within the range, and the acid dissolution rate is 5.63%, which is out of the limit.
In example 16, the sulfur fixation rate η is 90%, the dosage of the vulcanizing agent is insufficient, the heavy metal is not fully sulfonated, the stability of the slag is affected, and the acid loss rate exceeds the standard.
Example 20 mFe/m∑MeSCalculated by 50 percent, the adding amount of the auxiliary material iron-containing material exceeds the optimal range, the reagent optimization principle is considered without effectively optimizing the acid leaching rate index of the slag, and the reagent optimization principle is not consideredIs beneficial to saving the reagent so as to realize better reagent matching.
In example 22, the measured mass of iron is 100% measured according to FeS, that is, when the iron-containing material is added to prepare the slag mold, the amount of added iron is excessive, which is consistent with the conclusion in example 20, the index of acid loss rate of slag is not effectively optimized, and the optimal principle of reagent is considered, which is not beneficial to saving reagent to realize better reagent collocation.
The acid leaching of the cold slag to be treated in the examples 21 and 30 does not reach the standard, and the acid leaching of the treated slag still does not reach the standard due to no addition of a vulcanizing agent during the preparation of the treated slag.
The slag type requirement, the smelting requirement and the vulcanizing agent adding requirement of other embodiments are controlled under specific conditions, and the acid dissolution rate of the slag after blending reaches the standard.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A system for treating metallurgical cold slag, comprising:
the regulating and controlling unit comprises a detection module and a calculation module; the detection module is used for carrying out element analysis on cold slag to be processed to obtain a primary analysis result, and the calculation module is used for calculating according to a preset slag type requirement and the primary analysis result to obtain a component adjustment quantity result;
the smelting unit comprises an adjusting structure and a smelting structure; the adjusting structure is used for receiving the component adjusting quantity result and carrying out compatibility adjustment on the cold slag to be treated and ingredients in the smelting structure;
and the monitoring unit is used for detecting the acid dissolution rate of the treatment slag obtained by smelting the smelting structure to obtain a secondary analysis result, and judging whether the treatment slag is standard slag or substandard slag according to a preset acid dissolution rate requirement and the secondary analysis result.
2. A method of controlling a system for treating metallurgical cold slag according to claim 1, comprising:
starting the detection module to perform elemental analysis on the cold slag to be processed to obtain the primary analysis result; then starting the calculation module to calculate according to the preset slag type requirement and the primary analysis result to obtain a component adjustment quantity result;
starting the adjusting structure to perform compatibility adjustment on the components and ingredients of the cold slag to be treated in the smelting structure according to the component adjusting quantity result to obtain compatible materials; then starting the smelting structure to smelt the compatible materials to obtain the treatment slag;
and starting the monitoring unit to detect the acid dissolution rate of the treated slag to obtain a secondary analysis result, judging whether the treated slag is standard slag or substandard slag according to a preset acid dissolution rate requirement and the secondary analysis result, and returning the substandard slag as the cold slag to be treated.
3. A method for treating metallurgical cold slag, comprising:
performing element analysis on cold slag to be processed to obtain a primary analysis result, and calculating according to a preset slag type requirement and the primary analysis result to obtain a component adjustment quantity result;
performing compatibility adjustment on the components of the cold slag to be treated and ingredients according to the component adjustment amount result to obtain compatible materials; then smelting the compatible materials to obtain treatment slag;
detecting the acid dissolution rate of the treated slag to obtain a secondary analysis result, and judging whether the treated slag is standard slag or non-standard slag according to a preset acid dissolution rate requirement and the secondary analysis result; and outputting the standard slag as a finished product, and returning the substandard slag as the cold slag to be treated.
4. A method for treating metallurgical cold slag according to claim 3, wherein the preset slag profile requirements include:
30wt％≤SiO2the content is less than or equal to 50 wt%, the content of CaO is less than or equal to 35 wt%, and the content of FeO is less than or equal to 70 wt% and is more than or equal to 10 wt%;
FeO-CaO-SiO2the ternary silicate degree K is 1.0 to 2.0.
5. The method for treating metallurgical cold slag according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the smelting treatment, the smelting temperature is (M +100) to (N +100) DEG C, M is the hemispherical temperature corresponding to the preset slag type, and N is the flowing temperature corresponding to the preset slag type.
6. The method for treating metallurgical cold slag according to claim 5, wherein the value of N is 1300 ℃ or less;
optionally, in the smelting treatment, the smelting temperature is 1150-1400 ℃, and the smelting time is 0.5-2 h.
7. The method for treating metallurgical cold slag according to claim 3, wherein the acid loss rate of the cold slag to be treated is greater than 5%, and the acid loss rate of the slag reaching the standard is less than or equal to 5%.
8. The method for treating metallurgical cold slag according to claim 3, wherein when the total content of valuable metals in the cold slag to be treated is more than or equal to 0.5 wt%; in the smelting treatment, the compatible materials, the vulcanizing agent and the reducing agent are mixed for smelting;
optionally, the metal values are copper, nickel, tin, lead, cobalt, antimony, and bismuth.
9. Method for treating metallurgical cold slag according to claim 8, characterized in that the sulfidiser is such that it is S- β -STheoretical quantityStandard addition of/η;
s is the mass of sulfur in the added vulcanizing agent; beta is an excess coefficient; sTheoretical quantityFor the valuable metals and iron in the cold slag to be treated to form Cu2S、Ni3S2、SnS、PbS、CoS、Sb2S3、Bi2S3And the sum of the theoretical masses of sulfur corresponding to the FeS form; eta is the sulfur fixation rate of the slag treatment furnace kiln in the smelting treatment;
optionally, beta is 1.2-2; optionally, when the total content of the valuable metals in the cold slag to be treated is more than or equal to 5%, beta is 1.5, and when the total content of the valuable metals in the cold slag to be treated is less than 5%, beta is 1.2;
optionally, calculating said STheoretical quantityWhen the measured mass of the valuable metal is 100% of the stoichiometric mass, the measured mass of iron in FeS is mFe/m∑MeSStandard determination of 5% to 40%, mFeIs the measured mass of iron, m∑MeSIs Cu corresponding to Cu, Ni, Sn, Pb and Co elements in the cold slag to be treated2S、Ni3S2Total mass of sulfides in the form of SnS, PbS, CoS; optionally, m is greater than or equal to 5% when the total content of the valuable metals is greater than or equal toFe/m∑MeS20%, when the total content of metal values is < 5%Fe/m∑MeS＝30％；
Optionally, η is 40% to 80%; optionally, η is selected to be 80% when β is 2 and 60% when β is 1.2.
10. The method for treating metallurgical cold slag according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the addition amount of the reducing agent is (1.5-2.0) Q, and Q is the theoretical amount of the reducing agent participating in the vulcanization reaction.
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