CN113445639A - 一种装配式建筑结构保温板 - Google Patents

一种装配式建筑结构保温板 Download PDF

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CN113445639A
CN113445639A CN202110653498.1A CN202110653498A CN113445639A CN 113445639 A CN113445639 A CN 113445639A CN 202110653498 A CN202110653498 A CN 202110653498A CN 113445639 A CN113445639 A CN 113445639A
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layer
insulation board
building structure
steel wires
heat
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章建芒
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    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于建筑物构造技术领域，公开了一种装配式建筑结构保温板，所述装配式建筑结构保温板设置有保温板本体，保温板本体的顶端设置有凸形连接块，底部设置有凹形连接块；保温板本体两侧的边框分别嵌装有钢丝网，钢丝网的里侧设置有橡胶板，橡胶板的左侧设置有加强层，加强层的左侧设置有保温层，保温层的左侧设置有基层，基层的左侧设置有防水防潮板。本发明将需要装配的两块装配式建筑结构保温板通过凸形连接块和凹形连接块配合连接，防水防潮板对墙壁起到保护作用，防止墙壁受潮，保温板起到保温的作用。本发明通过将凹凸棒土和铁粉混合后制成保温层，保温性能好，成本低廉。

Description

一种装配式建筑结构保温板
技术领域
本发明属于建筑物构造技术领域，涉及一种装配式建筑结构保温板。
背景技术
结构保温板的概念始于1935年，来自威斯康星州麦迪逊市的林产品实验室(Forest Products Laboratory(FPL))。FPL工程师推测，胶合板和硬质纤维板面层在墙体中可以承担部分结构负荷。他们的原型结构保温板(structural insulated panel(SIP))是利用面板内的框架构件与结构面层和保温材料组合而成。这些面板被用来建造试验房，这些房屋被连续监测了三十多年，然后被拆卸并重新检查。在此期间，FPL工程师继续尝试新的设计和材料。
著名建筑师弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特(Frank Lloyd Wright)在其1930年代和1940年代建造的一些低造价的乌索尼亚(Usonian)房屋中使用了结构保温板。赖特的一名学生，陶氏化学公司(Dow Chemical Company)创始人的儿子Alden B.Dow于1952年创建了第一个泡沫芯材结构保温板，带来了结构保温板在技术上的重大飞跃。到1960年，硬质泡沫保温产品已经在市场上普及，从而使我们今天所知的结构保温板得以生产。结构保温板协会成立于1990年，旨在为使用该新兴建筑技术的制造商提供支持和展示。
在1990年代的SIP中，先进的计算机辅助制造(CAM)技术得到了发展。使用这些***，可以将计算机化的建筑图纸(CAD图纸)转换为必要的代码，以使自动切割机能够为专门设计的建筑物制造SIP。从CAD到CAM的技术简化了SIP的制造流程，为建造商带来了进一步的劳动力节省。如今，SIP为住宅和低层非居住建筑提供了高科技解决方案。计算机辅助设计和制造技术的进步使SIP的生产具有极高的精度，可提供平整，笔直和实在的墙壁。现在，SIP由多种结构蒙皮材料制成，包括定向刨花板(OSB)，处理过的胶合板，纤维水泥板和金属。根据气候条件，SIP的厚度从4英寸(约10cm)和6英寸(约15cm)的墙板到14英寸(约36cm)的较厚屋顶板均可。许多制造商还提供用于曲面屋顶的曲面SIP。设计潜力，出色的强度和节能隔热性能使SIP成为了二十一世纪用于高性能建筑的建材。
装配式建筑是指由预制部品部件在工地装配而成的建筑，保温板就是给楼房保温用的板子，保温板可以起到保温的作用，现有的装配式建筑结构保温板连接紧密性差，保温效果欠佳。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种装配式建筑结构保温板。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种装配式建筑结构保温板，包括：
保温板本体；
保温板本体的顶端设置有凸形连接块，底部设置有凹形连接块；
保温板本体的两侧分别嵌装有钢丝网，钢丝网的里侧依次为橡胶板、加强层、保温层、基层和防水防潮板。
优选的，所述基层上设有连接层，所述连接层上设有保温层，连接层通过粘胶剂层与保温层连接，所述保温层通过第一界面剂层与XPS板层连接，所述XPS板层上通过第二界面剂层和第一抹面胶浆层连接第一网格布层，所述第一网格布层通过第二抹面胶浆层设置加强层。
优选的，所述加强层包括第一弹性光面腻子层、第一网格布层、第二弹性光面腻子层和第二网格布层。
所述第一弹性光面腻子层位于所述第二抹面胶浆层上面，所述第一弹性光面腻子层上面为第一网格布层，所述第一网格布层上面为第二弹性光面腻子层，所述第二弹性光面腻子层上面设有第二网格布层。
优选的，所述粘胶剂层内部设有强力粘合剂，其作用在于粘合连接层和保温层，所述XPS板层内部设有XPS发泡板。
优选的，所述钢丝网由垂直钢丝、水平钢丝、横向钢丝纵横交错焊接而成。
优选的，所述垂直钢丝、水平钢丝、横向钢丝采用直径2.5mm的镀铬钢丝；所述垂直钢丝、水平钢丝、横向钢丝纵横间距为110mm。
优选的，所述保温层由凹凸棒土、铁粉、碳酸钙、木炭粉末按照质量比100:6:3:5均匀制备而成。
本发明具备的优点及技术效果为：两块保温板通过凸形连接块和凹形连接块配合连接，可以使相邻保温板连接的更加紧密。
本发明提供的保温板保温性能好，适合贴在墙体的外侧，增强了蓄热能力，可防止室温出现较大温差。由于保温板置于建筑物外侧，缓冲了室外温度变化引起的建筑物结构变型产生的应力，可防止主体结构发生较大的温度变化，有效提高了主体结构的耐久性，有助于建筑物寿命延长。
本发明提供的保温层，保温性能好，成本低廉。
附图说明
图1为本发明的装配式建筑结构保温板的结构示意图。
图2为本发明的基层、保温层、加强层的结构示意图。
图3为本发明的装配式建筑结构保温板的另一侧的钢丝网的结构示意图。
图4为本发明的保温层的制备方法流程图。
附图标记说明：
1、保温板本体；
2、钢丝网；
3、凸形连接块；
4、凹形连接块；
5、防水防潮板；
6、基层；
7、保温层；
8、加强层；
9、橡胶板；
10、连接层；
11、粘胶剂层；
12、第一界面剂层；
13：XPS板层；
14、第二界面剂层；
15、第一抹面胶浆层；
16、第一网格布层；
17、第二抹面胶浆层；
18、第一弹性光面腻子层；
19、第二弹性光面腻子层；
20、第二网格布层；
21、木钉；
22、垂直钢丝；
23、水平钢丝；
24、横向钢丝。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例
如图1所示，装配式建筑结构保温板，包括保温板本体1，保温板本体1的顶端设置有凸形连接块3，底部设置有凹形连接块4。
保温板本体1两侧分别嵌装有钢丝网2，钢丝网2的里侧设置有橡胶板9，橡胶板9的里侧设置有加强层8，加强层8的里侧设置有保温层7，保温层7的里侧设置有基层6，基层6的里侧设置有防水防潮板5。
装配时，将两块保温板通过凸形连接块3和凹形连接块4配合连接即可，防水防潮板5可以对墙壁起到一定的保护作用，防止墙壁受潮。
如图2所示，基层6上设有连接层10，基层6为木板或塑料板，连接层10为无纺布或麻布，粘胶剂层11上设有保温层7，保温层7上面为第一界面剂层12，第一界面剂层12上面连接XPS板层13，XPS板层13上面为第二界面剂层14，第二界面剂层14上面为第一抹面胶浆层15，第一抹面胶浆层15上面连接第一网格布层16，第一网格布层16上面为第二抹面胶浆层17，保温层7上连接加强层8，加强层8包括第一弹性光面腻子层18、第一网格布层16、第二弹性光面腻子层19和第二网格布层20。
连接层10与基层6通过胶粘剂或连接件连接，连接件可以为木钉，以保证连接层10的稳定性，保温层7与连接层10通过粘胶剂层11固定连接，有效的提高了保温层的粘胶剂层11位于保温层7和连接层10的中间有效的提高了保温层7和连接层10的粘合度。
第一弹性光面腻子层18位于第二抹面胶浆层17的上面，并且呈固定连接，第一弹性光面腻子层18上面固定连接第一网格布层16，其作用在于防止保温板的龟裂，第一网格布层16上面固定连接第二弹性光面腻子层19，第二弹性光面腻子层19上面设有第二网格布层20，其作用在于遮挡粗糙的表面。
粘胶剂层11内部设有强力粘合剂，其作用在于粘合连接层10和保温层2，XPS板层13内部设有XPS发泡板，其作用在于有效的起到保温隔音效果。
综上所述，该装配式建筑结构保温板，通过防水防潮板5的作用，可以对墙壁起到一定的保护作用，防止墙壁受潮，通过橡胶板9的作用，可以使人们在与墙壁进行接触时更舒适。
加工时，先将连接层10固定在基层6上，再将保温层7通过粘合剂层11粘在连接层10上面，在保温层7的上还设置有了XPS板层13，又在XPS板层13内部设置了XPS发泡板，XPS发泡板具有良好的保温和隔音效果，从而使得保温板具有隔热和隔音的作用，在保温层7上设置加强层8，加强层8的作用是为了增强整体强度及保温性能，最后将橡胶板9通过胶粘剂或木钉21固定上去。
如图3所示，本发明提供的钢丝网2由垂直钢丝22、水平钢丝23、横向钢丝24纵横交错焊接而成。
垂直钢丝22、水平钢丝23、横向钢丝24采用直径2.5mm的镀铬钢丝。
垂直钢丝22、水平钢丝23、横向钢丝24纵横间距为110mm。
垂直钢丝22、水平钢丝23、横向钢丝24焊接而成，构成一个保温板本体1的框架，可增强保温板本体1的强度，为防水防潮板5、基层6、保温层7、加强层8、橡胶板9提供一个坚固的支撑体，保证了结构的稳定性，保障了保温板的保温性能。
本发明提供的保温层7由凹凸棒土、铁粉、碳酸钙、木炭粉末按照质量比100:6:3:5均匀制备而成。
如图4所示，本发明提供的保温层7的制备方法包括以下步骤：
第一步，将凹凸棒土干燥后研磨成粒度小于120目的细粉；
第二步，将研磨后的凹凸棒土与铁粉、碳酸钙、木炭粉末按照质量比100:6:3:5混合，混合温度为1200℃,混合时间为30min；将混合后的料置于造粒机中，经高温180℃高压挤出粒料；将粒料加人挤出机中，挤出温度为195℃，经不同模具挤出不同形状的塑料空心型材；向成型后的塑料空心型材的内腔填充聚氨醋发泡剂，发泡定型20～25min后，经牵引机牵出，按所需尺寸切断，检验合格后人库，制成保温层。
本发明通过将凹凸棒土和铁粉等混合后制成保温板，保温性能好，成本低廉。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (7)

1.一种装配式建筑结构保温板，其特征在于，包括：
保温板本体(1)；
所述保温板本体(1)的顶端设置有凸形连接块(3)，所述保温板本体(1)的底部设置有凹形连接块(4)；
所述保温板本体(1)的两侧分别嵌装有钢丝网(2)，所述钢丝网(2)的里侧依次设置有橡胶板(9)、加强层(8)、保温层(7)、基层(6)和防水防潮板(5)。
2.如权利要求1所述的装配式建筑结构保温板，其特征在于，所述基层(6)上设有连接层(10)，所述连接层(10)上设有保温层(7)；所述连接层(10)通过粘胶剂层(11)与保温层(7)连接，所述保温层(7)通过第一界面剂层(12)与XPS板层(13)连接，所述XPS板层(13)上通过第二界面剂层(14)和第一抹面胶浆层(15)连接第一网格布层(16)，所述第一网格布层(16)通过第二抹面胶浆层(17)设置加强层(8)。
3.如权利要求2所述的装配式建筑结构保温板，其特征在于，所述加强层(8)包括第一弹性光面腻子层(18)、第一网格布层(16)、第二弹性光面腻子层(19)和第二网格布层(20)；
所述第一弹性光面腻子层(18)位于所述第二抹面胶浆层(17)的上面，所述第一弹性光面腻子层(18)上面为第一网格布层(16)，所述第一网格布层(16)上面为第二弹性光面腻子层(19)，所述第二弹性光面腻子层(19)上面设有第二网格布层(20)。
4.如权利要求2所述的装配式建筑结构保温板，其特征在于，所述粘胶剂层(11)内部设有强力粘合剂。
5.如权利要求1所述的装配式建筑结构保温板，其特征在于，所述钢丝网由垂直钢丝(22)、水平钢丝(23)、横向钢丝(24)纵横交错焊接而成。
6.如权利要求5所述的装配式建筑结构保温板，其特征在于，所述垂直钢丝(22)、水平钢丝(23)、横向钢丝(24)采用直径2.5mm的镀铬钢丝；所述垂直钢丝(22)、水平钢丝(23)、横向钢丝(24)纵横间距为110mm。
7.如权利要求1所述的装配式建筑结构保温板，其特征在于，所述保温层(7)由凹凸棒土、铁粉、碳酸钙、木炭粉末按照质量比100:6:3:5制备而成。
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Application publication date: 20210928