CN113237274A - Medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure - Google Patents
Medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113237274A CN113237274A CN202110511036.6A CN202110511036A CN113237274A CN 113237274 A CN113237274 A CN 113237274A CN 202110511036 A CN202110511036 A CN 202110511036A CN 113237274 A CN113237274 A CN 113237274A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D16/00—Devices using a combination of a cooling mode associated with refrigerating machinery with a cooling mode not associated with refrigerating machinery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D23/00—General constructional features
- F25D23/006—General constructional features for mounting refrigerating machinery components
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
The invention relates to a medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on a multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure, which comprises: the box body is used for storing reagent bottles; the cladding in the refrigeration layer outside the box, the refrigeration layer is including locating the water storage and storage gel in the box outside to and the cladding in the outer refrigeration film of storage hydrogel. According to the medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on the multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure, the refrigeration layer is arranged outside the box body for storing the vaccine, so that the medical vaccine storage and transportation device is good in heat dissipation performance, capable of effectively reducing the temperature inside the device and reducing energy consumption, small in limitation of time and space and capable of achieving certain sustainability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to a medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on a multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure.
Background
At present, according to the sixteenth vaccine storage and transportation regulation in the vaccine circulation and vaccination management regulations in China, the whole process of vaccine storage and transportation should be always in a specified temperature environment, a cold chain is not required to be separated, and the temperature is regularly monitored and recorded. For vaccines which are long in cold chain transportation time and need to be distributed to remote areas, the provincial disease prevention and control organization should provide the requirement of attaching a temperature control label, the temperature is the key aspect of guaranteeing the safety of the vaccines in transportation and storage, and the outbreak of new crown pneumonia epidemic situation in 2020 rings an alarm clock for guaranteeing the safety of vaccine storage.
The vaccine is usually stored in a 2-8 ℃ constant temperature box, but the temperature of the vaccine around the vaccine is obviously changed in the vaccine taking-out process, the temperature of the vaccine is suddenly high and suddenly low in the transportation process, the vaccine is repeatedly frozen and thawed by the temperature change, the inactivation or the titer reduction is caused, and potential safety hazards or even irreversible fatal injuries are brought to the body of an vaccinator; meanwhile, part of animal farms are built in remote areas, the failure of stored vaccines can be caused by power failure and other conditions, and how to maintain the vaccines at a lower temperature in storage and transportation is a key point of supervision and management and a hot point of research.
In the related art, radiation refrigeration has attracted attention of many researchers as a passive, efficient and passive heat dissipation refrigeration technology. Recently, the Qingdao university of science and technology team uses polymethyl methacrylate as a substrate, ZnO and ZrO2As an additive, a radiation-cooled composite film was prepared, which had an average of 617W/m2Shows a temperature difference of 3.5 ℃ below the ambient temperature and 62.6W/m2The net radiant cooling power. Although some progress has been made in the research of radiation refrigeration technology, the problem of weak radiation refrigeration power still exists. Therefore, simple radiation cooling cannot be an ideal heat dissipation method.
Therefore, there is a need to design a medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on a multi-layer phase-change cold-storage gel structure to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on a multilayer phase change cold accumulation gel structure, and aims to solve the problem that in the related art, the vaccine is difficult to maintain at a lower temperature in storage and transportation, so that the inactivation or the titer reduction is caused.
In a first aspect, a medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on a multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure is provided, which comprises: the box body is used for storing reagent bottles; the cladding in the refrigeration layer outside the box, the refrigeration layer is including locating the water storage and storage gel in the box outside to and the cladding in the outer refrigeration film of storage hydrogel.
In some embodiments, the refrigeration layer further comprises: and the heat collecting layer is arranged between the stored hydrogel and the refrigerating film.
In some embodiments, the heat collecting layer is a porous heat collecting copper plate, and the heat collecting layer transfers ambient heat to the refrigerating film.
In some embodiments, the heat collecting layer is provided with a plurality of protrusions on the outer side, and the protrusions are sequentially arranged at intervals around the outer side of the box body.
In some embodiments, the water storage hydrogel is disposed inside the protrusion.
In some embodiments, adjacent medical vaccine storage and transportation devices are engaged with each other through the protrusion.
In some embodiments, the case comprises: a base plate; the reagent bottle box comprises a bottom plate, a plurality of box bodies fixed on the bottom plate, and the box bodies divide the box bodies into a plurality of areas for storing the reagent bottles.
In some embodiments, the box body is filled with sponge, a groove body for accommodating a reagent bottle is arranged on the sponge, and the reagent bottle is stored in the groove body.
In some embodiments, the refrigeration film comprises: the hydrogel layer is laid outside the box body; an aerogel layer disposed exterior to the hydrogel layer.
In some embodiments, the hydrogel layer comprises free water, intermediate water, and bound water, and is contained in a sponge-like matrix.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the embodiment of the invention provides a medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on a multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure, and the medical vaccine storage and transportation device has good heat dissipation performance by arranging a refrigeration layer outside a box body for storing vaccines, can effectively reduce the temperature inside the device, reduces energy consumption, is less limited by time and space, and has certain sustainability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on a multilayer phase-change cold storage gel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on a multilayer phase-change cold storage gel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a refrigeration film of a medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on a multilayer phase-change cold storage gel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures:
1. a box body; 11. a base plate; 12. a box body; 2. a reagent bottle; 3. a refrigeration layer; 31. storing the hydrogel; 32. a refrigeration film; 321. a hydrogel layer; 322. an aerogel layer; 33. a heat collecting layer; 4. a sponge.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on a multilayer phase change cold accumulation gel structure, and aims to solve the problem that in the related art, the vaccine is difficult to maintain at a lower temperature in storage and transportation, so that the inactivation or the titer reduction is caused.
Referring to fig. 1, a medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on a multilayer phase-change cold storage gel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: the reagent bottle box comprises a box body 1 for storing reagent bottles 2, wherein in the embodiment, the box body 1 is made of a heat insulation aluminum plate to prevent external heat from entering the box body 1, and preferably, the thickness of the aluminum plate is 3 mm; the cladding in the outer refrigerating layer 3 of box 1, refrigerating layer 3 is including locating the water storage gel 31 in the box 1 outside, and the cladding in the outer refrigeration film 32 of storage aquogel 31, in this embodiment, water storage gel 31 can provide moisture for refrigeration film 32, and it is possible to provide for the refrigeration film 32 lasts refrigeration, and refrigeration film 32 is the novel two-layer material that thickness is less than half an inch, through moisture evaporation absorption heat wherein, can provide the cooling that exceeds 7 ℃, and the length of use exceeds 8 days, plays the primary role to the heat dissipation cooling function of whole device.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the refrigeration layer 3 may further include: a heat collecting layer 33, the heat collecting layer 33 being disposed between the water storage hydrogel 31 and the refrigeration film 32; the heat collecting layer 33 is a porous heat collecting copper plate, the heat collecting layer 33 transfers ambient heat to the refrigerating film 32, in this embodiment, the heat collecting layer 33 collects the heat and transfers the heat to the refrigerating film 32, so that moisture in the refrigerating film 32 is fully evaporated, meanwhile, the heat collecting layer 33 plays a role in cooling and drying objects inside, and the moisture in the box body 1 can enter the refrigerating film 32 through a porous structure on the heat collecting layer 33, so that the evaporation and heat dissipation time of the refrigerating film 32 is prolonged, the service life of the device is prolonged, and preferably, the thickness of the porous heat collecting copper plate is 2 mm.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, further, a plurality of protrusions are arranged on the outer side of the heat collecting layer 33, and the protrusions are sequentially arranged around the outer side of the box body 1 at intervals, in this embodiment, the protrusions may be square or in other shapes, and as the plurality of protrusions are arranged at intervals, the heat collecting layer 33 is saw-toothed, and the saw-toothed structure has a large specific surface area, so that the heat collecting efficiency of the heat collecting layer 33 is higher, the usable area of the refrigeration film 32 laid outside the heat collecting layer is also larger, and a good cooling effect is achieved; preferably, the water storage gel 31 is arranged on the inner side of the protrusion, so that the water storage gel 31 not only can provide moisture for the external refrigeration film 32 and provide more efficient and continuous work assistance for the device, but also can play a certain buffering role; further, two adjacent medical bacterin warehousing and transportation devices are meshed with each other through the protrusions, a plurality of such warehousing and transportation devices are used for containing the reagent bottles 2 during transportation, and the heat collecting layers 33 are serrated, so that two adjacent devices can be meshed with each other through the protrusions, the devices are firmer, shaking is reduced during transportation, the reagent bottles 2 inside are better protected, stacking is easier, space resources are not wasted, when the box bodies are stacked, the water storage gel 31 corresponds to the reagent bottles 2 of the adjacent box bodies, and certain buffering is provided for potential collision hazards of the reagent bottles 2 during transportation.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the case 1 may include: a base plate 11; be fixed in a plurality of box bodys 12 on the bottom plate 11, box body 12 will box 1 divide into a plurality of regions, is used for depositing reagent bottle 2, in this embodiment, box body 12 is upper and lower both ends opening and the square box body of inside hollow, in other embodiments, box body 12 also can be for circular or other shapes, the inboard at big box body 12 is fixed to little box body 12, a plurality of box bodies 12 are fixed on bottom plate 11 by big to little in proper order, just so can form the constrictive passageway that holds reagent bottle 2 between two adjacent box bodies 12, reagent bottle 2 is put into more stably, also easy classification and is got and put.
Referring to fig. 2, preferably, sponge 4 can be filled in the box body 1, a groove body for accommodating the reagent bottle is arranged on the sponge 4, the reagent bottle 2 is stored in the groove body, the groove body on the sponge 4 can well fix the reagent bottle 2 in the groove body, vibration is reduced, the reagent bottle 2 is prevented from shaking, and a heat preservation effect can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 3, preferably, the refrigeration film 32 includes: a hydrogel layer 321 laid on the outside of the case 1; an aerogel layer 322 disposed on the outside of the hydrogel layer 321; the hydrogel layer 321 includes free water, intermediate water and combined water, and the hydrogel layer 321 is contained in a sponge-like matrix, in this embodiment, the hydrogel layer 321 is mainly composed of water, and is contained in the sponge-like matrix, and the water is easy to absorb heat and evaporate; the hydrogel layer 321 covers a layer of aerogel layer 322, which can block external heat from entering, and can allow water vapor evaporated from the hydrogel to pass through, and simultaneously reduce the evaporation rate of water in the hydrogel, so as to prolong the service life, preferably, the refrigeration film 32 is coated on the hydrogel with the thickness of 5mm by adopting nano-silica aerogel with the thickness of 2 mm.
Preferably, for food packaging applications and the like, the hydrogel layer 321 and aerogel layer 322 materials are required to exhibit some transparency to view the condition of the food through the package. However, for other applications, such as vaccine storage or space cooling, an opaque inner reflective substrate can be added to enhance the effect, and more choices are provided for material design for specific applications.
The principle of the medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on the multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
the optimal medical vaccine storage and transportation device structure based on the refrigeration film takes the phase change energy storage material of water as a refrigerant, and utilizes phase change conversion to release cold, wherein the hydrogel is a gel taking water as a dispersion medium and is a high-molecular network system, the high-molecular network can change the water state and water vaporization behavior in the hydrogel, so that the energy required by water evaporation is further reduced, free water, intermediate water and bound water exist in the hydrogel, and compared with the free water, the intermediate water has less energy requirement on water evaporation, so that the water evaporation and heat absorption in the hydrogel are feasible, and the heat energy is used for the evaporation of the water in the molecular network by introducing external heat into the hydrogel; the function of the aerogel is mainly embodied in three aspects, firstly, the aerogel is a nano-scale porous solid material, has high specific surface area and high pore volume rate, wherein the proportion of air is as high as more than 80 percent, so that excessive steam transmission resistance can not be generated for the evaporation of the inner-layer hydrogel, and when the external environment temperature is lower than the temperature in a box, the hydrogel film can absorb a certain amount of water vapor from the air to recover the self state; secondly, the aerogel and the hydrogel have a similar network system, so that evaporation and heat exchange of water in the hydrogel are facilitated; most importantly, the aerogel has good mechanical strength and physical properties, can bear pressure which is thousands of times of the self-quality, ensures the normal work of the hydrogel and the stable structure of the device, can be melted when the temperature reaches 1200 ℃, has excellent insulating property and can ensure the adaptability of the device; according to the experimental setting, hydrogel with the thickness of 5mm is laid in the device, the device is placed in a room environment at normal temperature, and the time of losing the refrigeration effect of the device is about 200 hours through tests, namely the time of single use of the hydrogel is as long as 200 hours; the porous heat collecting material can realize the absorption of the box body to the heat of the surrounding environment in the process of carrying in the open air, the energy is transferred to the hydrogel to compensate the energy loss of hydrogel evaporation, and the proper water transmission is ensured to realize continuous water evaporation.
The invention has novel structure and excellent comprehensive performance, and the device is found not to occupy too much space by simulating the actual storage and transportation environment, and the taking and using cannot be greatly influenced by keeping a space between teeth within a certain range by paying attention to the storage position structure. Experiments show that when a weight of 20kg is placed in the box body, the stacking height of the box body can reach three layers, and the basic life and transportation requirements can be met; the zigzag structure ensures that the device is stable and practical, and provides assistance for the uniform and proper temperature in the device; a porous heat collecting layer is additionally arranged between the aerogel-hydrogel film and the inner layer structure, the heat collecting layer can collect heat, the evaporation effect is enhanced, the pores are favorable for storing hydrogel to play a role, and the service life of the outer hydrogel and the refrigeration life of the device are prolonged.
The invention has very wide application prospect, and is expected to be applied to the scenes of auxiliary refrigeration of vaccine drugs, fresh-keeping transportation of fresh products, cold and dry storage of a large amount of foods and the like. Compared with the traditional cooling mode, the cooling at 7 ℃ is quite effective in saving electric energy, estimation is carried out according to the preliminary test result, and if the device is used for cooling storage or transportation of vaccines, the surface area of each template device is 0.44m2Volume 0.0925m3According to 1m2The refrigeration capacity of about 1.3kJ is needed when the air temperature is reduced by 1 ℃, the on-off ratio of an electric energy refrigeration system is calculated by 1:1, the electric quantity can be saved by 3686.8650 KWh every year, and the standard calculation according to the national average power supply coal consumption 302.6 g/(KWh) is equivalent to the saving of 1.115645 tons of standard coal. And the standard calculation that 2.62 tons of carbon dioxide, 8.5kg of sulfur dioxide and 7.4kg of nitrogen oxide can be generated by burning one ton of coal is equivalent to the reduction of 2.92299 tons of carbon dioxide emission, the reduction of 9.48299kg of sulfur dioxide emission and the reduction of 8.25578kg of nitrogen oxide emission, so that the method has considerable energy-saving and emission-reducing benefits.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It is to be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a medical bacterin storage and transportation device based on cold-storage gel structure of multilayer phase transition which characterized in that, it includes:
the box body (1) is used for storing the reagent bottle (2);
cladding in refrigeration layer (3) outside box (1), refrigeration layer (3) are including locating the water storage and storage gel (31) in the box (1) outside to and cladding in refrigeration film (32) outside water storage and storage gel (31).
2. The medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the refrigeration layer (3) further comprises:
a heat collection layer (33), the heat collection layer (33) being disposed between the reservoir hydrogel (31) and the refrigeration membrane (32).
3. The medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on the multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that:
the heat collecting layer (33) adopts a porous heat collecting copper plate, and the heat collecting layer (33) transfers ambient heat to the refrigerating film (32).
4. The medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on the multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:
the refrigeration film (32) forms a plurality of protrusions on the periphery of the box body (1), and the protrusions are sequentially arranged at intervals.
5. The medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on the multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
the reservoir hydrogel (31) is disposed inside the protrusion.
6. The medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on the multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
two adjacent medical vaccine storage and transportation devices are mutually meshed through the protrusions.
7. The medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the box (1) comprises:
a base plate (11);
the reagent bottle box comprises a plurality of box bodies (12) fixed on a bottom plate (11), wherein the box bodies (12) divide the box body (1) into a plurality of areas and are used for storing reagent bottles (2).
8. The medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on the multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
sponge (4) are filled in the box body (1), a groove body for accommodating a reagent bottle is arranged on the sponge (4), and the reagent bottle (2) is stored in the groove body.
9. The medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on the multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:
the refrigeration film (32) includes:
a hydrogel layer (321) laid on the outside of the box body (1);
an aerogel layer (322) disposed exterior to the hydrogel layer (321).
10. The medical vaccine storage and transportation device based on the multilayer phase change cold storage gel structure as claimed in claim 9, wherein:
the hydrogel layer (321) comprises free water, intermediate water and bound water, the hydrogel layer (321) being contained in a sponge-like matrix.
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CN210853422U (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2020-06-26 | 侯林虎 | Novel bacterin is transported device based on aerogel and aluminium foil technique |
CN213047624U (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2021-04-27 | 西安汉方生物工程有限公司 | Novel medical cold compress paste |
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2021
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JP2000185069A (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-07-04 | Pigeon Corp | Cooling gel sheet |
CN1962806A (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2007-05-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Use of hydrogel in refrigeration system as refrigeration medium |
WO2009029436A2 (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2009-03-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polymer gel structure and method for producing same |
CN107106323A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2017-08-29 | 冷包装公司 | Transport product with hot and mechanical insulated characteristic |
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