CN113213901B - 一种碱炉用高铬砂捣打料 - Google Patents

一种碱炉用高铬砂捣打料 Download PDF

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CN113213901B
CN113213901B CN202110346017.2A CN202110346017A CN113213901B CN 113213901 B CN113213901 B CN 113213901B CN 202110346017 A CN202110346017 A CN 202110346017A CN 113213901 B CN113213901 B CN 113213901B
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powder
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furnace
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陈岗
吴占强
钱庆
吴锐强
吴益平
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Jiangsu Greatwall Kiln & Furnace Project Co ltd
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Abstract

一种碱炉用高铬砂捣打料，应用于造纸厂碱炉的熔化池炉衬，采用电熔高铬颗粒或高纯铬颗粒与高纯铬粉，再配以部分铬矿砂与铬矿粉，并进行颗粒级配优化，通过对材料微观结构进行设计，经过原料强制混合得到的该捣打料，堆积密度高，提高了捣打施工后成品的致密性，而且捣打料的施工性能得到了改善，炉衬不仅强度高，抗碱液侵蚀效果优良，使用周期长。

Description

一种碱炉用高铬砂捣打料
技术领域
本发明属高铬砂捣打料，应用于造纸厂碱炉的熔化池炉衬，用来隔绝高温碱液与炉壁水冷管的接触，起到保护炉体的作用。
背景技术
造纸厂碱炉工况复杂，用来烧制碱液的同时兼顾余热回收利用，所以整个炉型是由不锈钢水冷管焊接拼接而成。作为熔化池的炉缸部位必须配备抗强碱高温侵蚀的耐火材料作为炉衬，从而保证水冷管的使用安全。
目前应用在溶化池的铬矿砂捣打料，以质量百分比计，由55%的60目铬精矿砂、35%的铬精矿粉以及10%的纯铬粉组成，这种组合的捣打料，内部没有大颗粒骨料支撑，堆积密度不高，铬矿砂粉是脊性料，施工中材料的塑性差，添加结合剂与促凝剂捣打施工后成品致密性差、气孔大，不耐侵蚀，同时捣打施工后成品的强度较低，在高温运行时材料的耐冲刷性差。由于溶化池中碱液高温下的侵蚀性与动态冲刷，对炉衬的破坏作用极强，特别是炉缸中流液洞与炉壁部位，损坏严重，往往运行6-7个月就要停炉检修，费时费力，还要影响生产进度。
发明内容
本发明正是为了克服上述不足，提供一种强度高、耐腐蚀的碱炉用高铬砂捣打料，主要创新在于优化配方并进行颗粒级配优化，增加捣打料的堆积密度，提高捣打施工后成品的致密性，解决了碱炉炉衬使用周期短的问题。
具体是这样实施的：一种碱炉用高铬砂捣打料，其特征在于各组份的质量百分配比为：
电熔高铬颗粒或高纯铬颗粒 5-3mm 6-9%
3-1mm 25-28%
1-0mm 10-12%
纯铬粉 <=0.045mm 16-19%
铬精矿砂 60目 13-15%
铬精矿粉 <=0.045mm 22-25%
其中：电熔高铬颗粒或高纯铬颗粒与纯铬粉的质量百分比含量大于等于60%，铬精矿砂与铬精矿粉的质量百分比含量小于等于40%；
所述的高纯铬颗粒是纯铬粉用630吨的压机高压成型，经200℃干燥后在1750℃烧成，冷却后破碎所得。
该标准的捣打料采用电熔高铬颗粒或高纯铬颗粒与高纯铬粉，再配以部分铬矿砂与铬矿粉，添加烧结剂后外加结合剂与促凝剂（氟硅酸钠）捣打成型。
电熔高铬颗粒或高纯铬颗粒的粒径优化搭配，纯铬粉的Cr2O3大于99%，捣打料内部有大颗粒骨料支撑加上高纯铬粉的塑性支持，整个物料的致密性与强度得到了提升，而且捣打料的施工性能得到了改善，提高了材料耐冲刷性与耐侵蚀性。
本发明碱炉用高铬砂捣打料，以化学成分分析，以质量百分比计，组成中有Cr2O370-80%，Al2O3 4.5-6%，Fe2O39-11%，MgO≤5，其余为杂质。
本发明碱炉用高铬砂捣打料的制备方法是先将原料进行预处理，然后对原料分级并精确配料，同时对材料微观结构进行设计，经过强制混合即可得到，经检测合格后，即可在用户现场施工。
本发明的有益效果是：捣打料堆积密度高，提高了捣打施工后成品的致密性，而且捣打料的施工性能得到了改善，施工后的炉衬强度高，抗碱液侵蚀效果优良，解决了碱炉炉衬使用周期短的问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明高铬砂捣打料使用10个月后的状况。
图2为铬矿砂捣打料使用7个月后的状况。
具体实施方式
电熔高铬颗粒或高纯铬颗粒 5-3mm 6-9%
3-1mm 25-28%
1-0mm 10-12%
纯铬粉 <=0.045mm 16-19%
铬精矿砂 60目 13-15%
铬精矿粉 <=0.045mm 22-25%
其中：电熔高铬颗粒或高纯铬颗粒与纯铬粉的质量百分比含量大于等于60%，铬精矿砂与铬精矿粉的质量百分比含量小于等于40%；
高纯铬颗粒是纯铬粉用630吨的压机高压成型，经200℃干燥后在1750℃烧成，冷却后破碎所得，其余原料均为市售。
各原料的技术指标如下：
Figure 899535DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
先将原料进行预处理，然后对原料分级并精确配料，同时对材料微观结构进行设计，经过强制混合即可得到，经检测合格后，即可在用户现场施工。
实施例1-3和比较例
原料配比及性能指标见表1
表1 配方及产品性能
Figure 406739DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
收集客户碱炉的炉料（凝固块），进行化学检测；将碱炉料块捣成细粉，称重相同重量的碱炉料块细粉，将其分别加入到铬矿砂捣打料与高铬捣打料制成的坩埚内；将坩埚置入试验电炉，升温至与碱炉使用温度相同的温度1150℃-1200℃，保温5-8个℃小时；冷却后，观察各坩埚内壁的侵蚀情况，切开坩埚观察侵蚀深度；汇总以上试验的结果，得出：高铬砂捣打料的抗碱液侵蚀效果优良。
该产品应用在贵州与重庆等客户的碱炉设备上后，使用寿命大幅上升，碱炉有原来的一年两修变成了一年一修，甚至有些炉墙可以用到两年。大大提高了设备的运转效率。

Claims (3)

1.一种碱炉用高铬砂捣打料，其特征在于各组份的质量百分配比为：
电熔高铬颗粒或高纯铬颗粒 5-3mm 6-9%
3-1mm 25-28%
1-0mm 10-12%
纯铬粉 <=0.045mm 16-19%
铬精矿砂 60目 13-15%
铬精矿粉 <=0.045mm 22-25%
其中：电熔高铬颗粒或高纯铬颗粒与纯铬粉的质量百分比含量大于等于60%，铬精矿砂与铬精矿粉的质量百分比含量小于等于40%；
所述的高纯铬颗粒是纯铬粉用630吨的压机高压成型，经200℃干燥后在1750℃烧成，冷却后破碎所得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种碱炉用高铬砂捣打料，其特征在于以化学成分分析，组成中有Cr2O370-80%，Al2O3 4.5-6%，Fe2O39-11%，MgO≤5，其余为杂质。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种碱炉用高铬砂捣打料，其特征在于制备方法是先将原料进行预处理，然后对原料分级并精确配料，同时对材料微观结构进行设计，经过强制混合即可得到。
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