CN113153336B - High-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method - Google Patents
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- CN113153336B CN113153336B CN202110137386.0A CN202110137386A CN113153336B CN 113153336 B CN113153336 B CN 113153336B CN 202110137386 A CN202110137386 A CN 202110137386A CN 113153336 B CN113153336 B CN 113153336B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 5
- KEUKAQNPUBYCIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethaneperoxoic acid;hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.CC(=O)OO KEUKAQNPUBYCIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1066—Making by using boring or cutting machines with fluid jets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method, which comprises the following steps: s1, confirming construction parameters, trial cutting a certain position of a tunnel face by adopting a high-pressure abrasive water jet device to obtain the depth and width of a slot under different processing parameters, and selecting a group of parameters for construction according to the conditions of a construction site; s2, dividing the mesh of the tunnel face, and dividing the mesh of the tunnel face according to the construction parameters obtained in S1; s3, cutting slits, wherein the abrasive water jet ejected by an axial nozzle of the high-pressure abrasive water jet device moves along the cutting line of the palm surface grid to form the slits, and the slits divide the palm surface into a plurality of rock blocks; and S4, stripping the rock, and utilizing the abrasive water jet sprayed by the radial nozzle in the high-pressure water jet device to radially cut the bottom of the slot groove, so that the rock is stripped, and the stripped rock is carried away from the face. The method can be suitable for rock mass tunneling under various complex geological conditions, the tunneling efficiency and the tunneling precision are improved, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunnel and underground engineering, in particular to a high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method.
Background
The underground space is an important component of the homeland resources and is also a main distribution area for energy occurrence. Tunnels, subways, civil air defense projects and underground roadways need a large amount of rock and soil excavation and tunneling, the annual excavation amount is about two million kilometers, and the trend is increasing. Meanwhile, China has wide territory, the geological structure distribution is extremely complex, and the common drilling and blasting method and the shield tunneling system play a key supporting role but can not meet the comprehensive requirements of complex geological environments. The drilling and blasting method has the problems of over-excavation, under-excavation, difficulty in accurate control, surrounding rock instability and the like, has strong dependence on workers and is very easy to cause environmental pollution. The shield method has the defects of high cost, heavy volume, easy loss of cutters and the like, and is difficult to adapt to the tunneling problem of complex geological working conditions. Meanwhile, under the complex conditions of underground high temperature and high pressure of gas, the common drilling and blasting method and the shield method are easy to cause rock burst, harmful gas leakage and other problems, even explosion. Therefore, how to carry out efficient, convenient, reliable, green, intelligent and unmanned (less) tunneling operation on various complex stratums, various surrounding rocks and different sections becomes a bottleneck problem of the current infrastructure industrial system.
CN104314573A discloses a hard rock tunnel construction method based on hydraulic cutting, which adopts a hydraulic cutting machine to cut surrounding rocks in a cutting contour line into a plurality of rectangular cutting blocks, adopts the hydraulic splitter to split along a transverse cutting seam and/or a vertical cutting seam, and splits off a plurality of the rectangular cutting blocks from an excavation section of a currently constructed cutting section. Meanwhile, a hydraulic splitter is used in a matched mode, a hydraulic cutting machine and the hydraulic splitter need to be continuously switched to be used at the position of a tunneling section in the tunneling process, the operation is complex, and the tunneling efficiency is affected.
CN110439586A discloses a non-blasting type mine roadway water cutting tunneling method, which comprises the steps of roadway profile setting, cutting along a laser profile line, obliquely cutting a roadway tunneling face, cutting and breaking rock of the roadway tunneling face, then performing cross cutting, obliquely cutting and crushing rock of a panel during roadway tunneling, and finally cleaning the crushed rock. Although the hydraulic cutting machine is adopted to realize the tunneling construction of the mine tunnel, the following defects still exist: 1) the method is characterized in that a water flow moving at a high speed is used for cutting a tunneling surface, the cutting is limited by hydraulic cutting equipment, the tunneling depth is limited, and in order to ensure that the cutting is deeper, a hydraulic cutting head needs to be moved slowly, so that the tunneling efficiency is influenced; 2) the construction process comprises the steps of cutting a peripheral contour line, then obliquely cutting rock blocks in the contour line, enabling a tangent line of oblique cutting to be intersected with a tangent line of the contour line, and breaking rocks at the intersected position, wherein the cutting depth is 1.5-2 m, and the incident angle of oblique cutting jet water flow and the tunneling surface is inclined to form a 25-45-degree included angle, so that the vertical height of the tunneling surface cannot be too large correspondingly, otherwise, part of rock blocks of the tunneling surface cannot be cut off, and the tunneling efficiency is also influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method which can be suitable for rock mass tunneling under various complex geological conditions, improves the tunneling efficiency and the tunneling precision and reduces the environmental pollution.
The invention relates to a high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, confirming construction parameters, trial cutting a certain position of a tunnel face by adopting a high-pressure abrasive water jet device to obtain the depth and width of a slot under different processing parameters, and selecting a group of parameters for construction according to the conditions of a construction site;
s2, dividing the mesh of the tunnel face, and dividing the mesh of the tunnel face according to the construction parameters obtained in S1;
s3, cutting a slit groove, wherein the abrasive water jet ejected by an axial nozzle of the high-pressure abrasive water jet device moves along a cutting line of the face mesh to cut a rock body to form the slit groove, and the slit groove divides the face into a plurality of rock blocks;
and S4, stripping the rock, and utilizing the abrasive water jet sprayed by the radial nozzle in the high-pressure water jet device to radially cut the bottom of the slot groove, so that the rock is stripped, and the stripped rock is carried away from the face.
Further, the trial cutting in S1 specifically includes: the high-pressure abrasive water jet device has constant pumping pressure and flow, cuts the tunnel face by adopting different abrasive concentrations, nozzle parameters and moving speeds, and records the corresponding slot depth and slot width.
Furthermore, the unit grids in the S2 palm surface grids are rectangular grids, the length L of the unit grids is more than a and less than or equal to 2a, and the width W of the unit grids is more than or equal to 2a
In the formula, a is the slot depth, b is the slot width, and V is the largest rock mass volume that can be transported in the job site. The depth of a slot which can be cut by adopting a high-pressure abrasive water jet device isand a, knowing that when the radial cutting is carried out at the bottom of the slot, the maximum cutting depth of the radial nozzles at the two sides of the front end of the spray pipe is 2a, so that when the unit grids are divided, the grid length needs to satisfy that a is more than L and less than or equal to 2a, otherwise, the rock blocks cannot be peeled off.
Further, in S3, the axial nozzle performs cutting with a small amplitude of oscillation, and the width of the slot formed is the same as the amplitude a of the axial nozzle. The amplitude, namely the slot width b, is required to enable the radial nozzle to penetrate into the bottom of the slot due to the process requirement, and the amplitude A is more than or equal to d1+2L1D is said1Diameter of nozzle of radial nozzle, L1Is the radial length of the radial nozzle tip.
Further, the axial nozzle in S3 cuts along the vertical cutting line and the horizontal cutting line of the palm surface mesh in a vertical cutting manner and an oblique cutting manner, the slot formed by the vertical cutting is perpendicular to the palm surface, and the slot formed by the oblique cutting is not perpendicular to the palm surface.
Further, when the adjacent vertical cutting lines or the transverse cutting lines are obliquely cut, the incident angles of the abrasive water jet ejected by the axial nozzles for two times of oblique cutting and the tunnel face are equal or complementary;
when the incidence angles of the axial nozzles for the two times of oblique cutting are equal, the formed slots are parallel to each other, the bottom of each slot is radially cut by using a radial nozzle in the high-pressure water jet device, and the cut-off surface of each radial nozzle passes through an adjacent vertical cutting line or a transverse cutting line which are also obliquely cut;
when the incidence angles of the axial nozzles obliquely cut twice are complementary angles, the formed slots are intersected, and the rock mass at the intersection is broken.
Further, the incident angle of the abrasive water jet sprayed by the axial nozzle and the tunnel face is 30-60 degrees during oblique cutting.
Further, when the slot and the spalling rock are cut, the layer-by-layer cutting and spalling are carried out from bottom to top along the tunnel face.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
1. According to the invention, the cutting seam slot and the rock stripping of the rock mass on the tunnel face are realized by utilizing the high-pressure abrasive water jet device, abrasive particles are accelerated by high-pressure water flow, and the accelerated abrasive particles are used as a cutting tool to cut the rock mass. And the high-pressure abrasive water jet can adapt to the cutting of rocks under different geological conditions, and has good universality. Compared with the traditional drilling and blasting method, the vibration generated in the construction process is small, the overall stability of surrounding rocks cannot be influenced, the control of the structure of the excavated section is simple, the section is not easy to overetch or underdig, and the excavation precision is improved. Meanwhile, harmful gas and dust are not generated in the construction process, and the environmental pollution is reduced. Because the cutting is carried out by high-pressure abrasive water jet, the pressure to the rocks on the peripheral side is small in the cutting process, the tunneling section is accurate, the surrounding rock disturbance is small, rock explosion and collapse are not easy to induce, and the safety of the construction process is ensured.
2. According to the invention, through the matched use of the axial nozzle and the radial nozzle, the high-pressure abrasive water jet device is utilized to simultaneously complete slot cutting and rock block stripping, and different devices do not need to be continuously switched and used at the position of a tunneling section, so that the tunneling construction efficiency is improved.
3. According to the invention, the axial nozzle of the high-pressure abrasive water jet device is used for cutting the slot, the slot divides the tunnel face into a plurality of rock blocks, the radial nozzle extends into the slot bottom of the slot to cut off the rock blocks, the size of the tunneling face is not limited by the cutting depth, the tunneling construction of the whole tunnel face can be completed by adjusting parameters once, the tunneling face is divided into a plurality of rock blocks for tunneling, the integral strength of the rock of the tunneling face is reduced, the rock breaking is accelerated, the volume of the rock blocks can be maximized according to the field transportation capacity, the tunneling space is large, and the tunneling construction efficiency is improved.
4. When the axial nozzle is used for cutting the slot, the axial nozzle is swung in a small amplitude, so that the slot with the width being the amplitude of the axial nozzle is generated, the subsequent radial nozzle can conveniently extend into the bottom of the slot, additional widening treatment on the slot is not needed, and the construction efficiency is improved.
5. According to the method, the processing parameters are determined through trial cutting and the construction site conditions, and the tunnel face grids are divided according to the processing parameters, so that the tunneling space can be furthest promoted by combining the construction site conditions, and the tunneling efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the division of a face mesh according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an axial nozzle swing cut according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the axial nozzle of the present invention cutting obliquely;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the axial nozzle of the present invention in a tunneling depth direction with oblique cutting incident angles being the same;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the axial nozzle in the tunneling depth direction with oblique cutting angles complementary to each other according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the axial nozzle of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the radial nozzle of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-tunnel face grid, 11-transverse cutting line, 12-vertical cutting line, 2-axial nozzle, 3-radial nozzle, 4-slot, 5-abrasive water jet, 6-rock mass, 61-rock block, 7-cutting surface,
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The embodiment I is a high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method, which comprises the following steps:
and S1, confirming construction parameters, performing trial cutting on a certain position of the tunnel face by using a high-pressure abrasive water jet device, and performing the trial cutting for 3-5 times continuously to obtain the dynamic relation between the cutting depth and width and the parameters such as the moving speed of the abrasive jet, the target distance, the jet pressure, the flow, the abrasive concentration and the like. Aiming at a specific tunnel face, the trial cutting specific parameters are as follows: the pumping pressure of the high-pressure abrasive water jet device is set to be 60-120 MPa; the selected abrasive is quartz sand or other materials with the particle size of 60-120 meshes, and the volume of the abrasive in the jet flow mixture accounts for 8-20%; the diameter d of the selected nozzle is 2-6 mm,diameter d of the nozzle120d, radial nozzle length L1At 10d, the axial nozzle oscillation amplitude is slightly greater than 40 d. And selecting a group of optimal parameters according with the current tunnel face condition for construction.
And S2, dividing the palm surface mesh, and dividing the palm surface mesh 1 according to the slot depth and the slot width determined in the S1. Referring to fig. 1, the palm surface mesh 1 includes a plurality of transverse cutting lines 11 and vertical cutting lines 12, the unit mesh is a rectangular mesh, the length L of the unit mesh is greater than a and less than or equal to 2a, and the width W of the unit mesh is equal to
In the formula, a is the slot depth, b is the slot width, and V is the largest rock mass volume that can be transported in the job site.
And S3, cutting the slot, namely moving the abrasive water jet 5 sprayed by the axial nozzle 2 of the high-pressure abrasive water jet device along the contour cutting line on the periphery of the tunnel face grid 1 to cut the rock body 6 to form the tunneling face peripheral contour slot 4. Moving the axial nozzle 2 along the transverse cutting line 11 of the tunnel face grid 1, wherein the amplitude A of the axial nozzle 2 is 0, and forming a slot 4 with a transverse section, and because the pressure of the jetted abrasive water jet is high and the speed is high, the width of the slot 4 formed on the rock mass is larger than the diameter of the jetted abrasive water jet; the rock mass 6 is cut from bottom to top in sequence, and the rock mass is divided into a plurality of strip-shaped bodies which are arranged up and down. Then, the axial nozzle is moved along the vertical cutting line 12 of the tunnel face grid 1, the amplitude of the axial nozzle is A, the slot 4 with a vertical section is formed, the slot width b is equal to the amplitude A of the axial nozzle, the strip-shaped body is separated into a plurality of rock blocks 61 by the transverse section slot 4 and the vertical section slot 4, the overall strength of the rock of the tunneling face is reduced, and the rock crushing is accelerated. The axial direction of the abrasive water jet 5 sprayed when the axial nozzle 2 moves along the peripheral contour line of the open face grid 1, the transverse cutting line 11 and the vertical cutting line 12 is all vertical to the face,
s4, stripping rock masses, switching a working nozzle in the high-pressure water jet device into a radial nozzle 3, extending the radial nozzle 3 to the bottom of the slot 4 with the vertical section, moving the radial nozzle 3 from bottom to top, and enabling abrasive water jet 5 sprayed by the radial nozzle to radially cut the bottom of the slot 4 to form a cutting surface 7 so as to strip the cuboid rock masses 61, and transporting the stripped rock masses away from a tunnel face to finish rock mass tunneling construction.
Referring to fig. 6, the axial nozzle is the axial nozzle, which is a general jet nozzle, and is used for slot cutting. Referring to fig. 7, the radial nozzles are on the left and right sides of the pipeline for cutting at the bottom of the slot to spall the rock.
In the second embodiment, the high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method, which is the same as the first embodiment in that the construction parameters are confirmed in the step S1 and the tunnel face grids are divided in the step S2, transverse-section slots are formed by cutting in a vertical cutting mode, and vertical-section slots are formed by cutting in an oblique cutting mode.
And S3, cutting the slot, namely moving the abrasive water jet 5 sprayed by the axial nozzle 2 of the high-pressure abrasive water jet device along the contour cutting line on the periphery of the tunnel face grid 1, wherein the axial direction of the sprayed abrasive water jet 5 is vertical to the tunnel face, and cutting a rock body 6 to form the tunneling face peripheral contour slot 4. And then moving the axial nozzle 2 along the transverse cutting line 11 of the tunnel face grid 1, wherein the amplitude A of the axial nozzle 2 is 0, forming a slit 4 with a transverse section, and sequentially cutting the rock body 6 from bottom to top in a vertical cutting mode to separate the rock body into a plurality of strip bodies which are arranged up and down.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, then moving the axial nozzle along the vertical cutting line 12 of the palm surface grid 1, wherein the amplitude of the axial nozzle is A, forming the slot 4 with a vertical section by adopting an oblique cutting mode, the width b of the slot is equal to the amplitude A of the axial nozzle, and the cutting depth c is smaller than the depth a of the slot during oblique cutting. When the adjacent vertical cutting lines are obliquely cut, the incident angles beta and gamma of the abrasive water jet sprayed by the axial nozzles for two times of oblique cutting are equal to those of the tunnel face, wherein beta is equal to gamma is equal to 45 degrees, and the formed slits 4 of the vertical section are parallel to each other. And then the working nozzle in the high-pressure water jet device is switched to the radial nozzle 3, the radial nozzle 3 extends into the bottom position of the vertical tangent plane slot 4, the incident angle of the radial nozzle is adjusted, the cut surface of the radial nozzle passes through the adjacent vertical cutting line 12 which is also obliquely cut, and then the cut surface is intersected with the opening position of the adjacent vertical tangent plane slot, so that the triangular prism-shaped rock block 61 is peeled off, the volume of the peeled rock block is reduced, and the subsequent transportation is facilitated. Meanwhile, a plurality of triangular prism-shaped rock blocks which are arranged at intervals can be reserved at the tunneling construction position, and the bottoms of the slot grooves are used as separation lines among the rock blocks.
And S4, stripping the rock mass, extending the radial nozzle 3 to the bottom of the vertical tangent plane slot 4, adjusting the incident angle of the radial nozzle to enable the cutting surface to be parallel to the face, performing radial cutting on the rock mass in a triangular prism shape left at the tunneling construction station to strip the rock mass, and transporting the stripped rock mass away from the face to finish the rock mass tunneling construction.
In the third embodiment, the high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method is the same as that in the second embodiment in S1 confirmation of construction parameters, S2 division of tunnel face grids and cutting of transverse section slots, and the vertical section slots are formed by cutting in an oblique cutting mode.
Referring to fig. 5, the axial nozzle is moved along the vertical cutting line 12 of the palm surface grid 1, the amplitude of the axial nozzle is A, the slot 4 with a vertical section is formed by adopting an oblique cutting mode, the width b of the slot is equal to the amplitude A of the axial nozzle, and the cutting depth c is smaller than the depth a of the slot during oblique cutting. When the adjacent vertical cutting lines are obliquely cut, the incident angles beta and gamma of the abrasive water jet sprayed by the axial nozzles for oblique cutting twice and the tunnel face are complementary angles, beta is 45 degrees, gamma is 135 degrees, the bottoms of the slots 4 of the formed vertical cutting faces are intersected, and the rock at the intersected position is broken, so that the rock in a triangular prism shape between the vertical cutting lines and the transverse cutting lines is stripped, a plurality of rock blocks which are distributed at intervals and are in a triangular prism shape are reserved at the tunneling construction position, the bottoms of the slots are used as separation lines, and the cutting and stripping of the rest rock blocks are the same as the S4 of the second embodiment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, confirming construction parameters, trial cutting a certain position of a tunnel face by adopting a high-pressure abrasive water jet device to obtain the depth and width of a slot under different processing parameters, and selecting a group of parameters for construction according to the conditions of a construction site;
s2, dividing the mesh of the tunnel face, and dividing the mesh of the tunnel face according to the construction parameters obtained in S1;
s3, cutting a slit groove, wherein the abrasive water jet ejected by an axial nozzle of the high-pressure abrasive water jet device moves along a cutting line of the face mesh to cut a rock body to form the slit groove, and the slit groove divides the face into a plurality of rock blocks;
and S4, stripping the rock, and utilizing the abrasive water jet sprayed by the radial nozzle in the high-pressure water jet device to radially cut the bottom of the slot groove, so that the rock is stripped, and the stripped rock is carried away from the face.
2. The high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method according to claim 1, wherein the trial cutting in the step S1 is specifically: the high-pressure abrasive water jet device has constant pumping pressure and flow, cuts the tunnel face by adopting different abrasive concentrations, nozzle parameters and moving speeds, and records the corresponding slot depth and slot width.
3. The high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the unit grids in the S2 palm surface grids are rectangular grids, the length L of the unit grids satisfies a condition that L is more than a and less than or equal to 2a, and the width W of the unit grids satisfies
In the formula, a is the slot depth, b is the slot width, and V is the largest rock mass volume that can be transported in the job site.
4. The high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step S3, the axial nozzle swings in a small amplitude to cut, the width of the formed slot is the same as the amplitude A of the axial nozzle, and the amplitude A is≥d1+2L1The d1 is the spray pipe diameter of the radial spray nozzle, and the L1 is the radial length of the radial spray nozzle spray head.
5. The high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and in the S3, the axial nozzle cuts along the vertical cutting line and the horizontal cutting line of the palm surface grid in a vertical cutting mode and an oblique cutting mode respectively, the slot formed by vertical cutting is in a vertical relation with the palm surface, and the slot formed by oblique cutting is in a non-vertical relation with the palm surface.
6. A high pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method according to claim 5, characterized in that: when the adjacent vertical cutting lines or the transverse cutting lines are obliquely cut, the incident angles of the abrasive water jet ejected by the axial nozzles for two times of oblique cutting and the tunnel face are equal or complementary;
when the incidence angles of the axial nozzles for the two times of oblique cutting are equal, the formed slots are parallel to each other, the bottom of each slot is radially cut by using a radial nozzle in the high-pressure water jet device, and the cut-off surface of each radial nozzle passes through an adjacent vertical cutting line or a transverse cutting line which are also obliquely cut;
when the incidence angles of the axial nozzles obliquely cut twice are complementary angles, the formed slots are intersected, and the rock mass at the intersection is broken; so that the rock blocks in the shape of a triangular prism between the vertical cutting line and the transverse cutting line are peeled off; a plurality of triangular prism-shaped rock blocks which are arranged at intervals are left at the tunneling construction position, the bottoms of the seam grooves are used as separation lines among the left rock blocks, and the left rock blocks are cut and peeled off by adopting S4.
7. A high pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method according to claim 5, characterized in that: when the abrasive material water jet is obliquely cut, the incident angle between the abrasive material water jet sprayed by the axial nozzle and the tunnel face is 30-60 degrees.
8. The high-pressure abrasive water jet tunneling method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and when the slot and the spalling rock are cut, the layer by layer is cut and spalled from bottom to top along the tunnel face.
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| JPS53105032A (en) * | 1977-02-25 | 1978-09-12 | Hazama Gumi | Method of excavating subbase using high pressure water jet |
| JPH09125867A (en) * | 1995-11-02 | 1997-05-13 | Kenki Eng:Kk | Excavation method of tunnel |
| KR20150040840A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2015-04-15 | 한국과학기술원 | Methord for vibration free rock excavating using free surface |
| CN104314573A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-28 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Hard rock tunnel construction method based on water power cutting |
| CN110439586A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-12 | 四川达竹煤电(集团)有限责任公司金刚煤矿 | Non- blasting type mine laneway Water Cutting driving method |
| CN111520146A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 重庆市能源投资集团有限公司 | Coal mine rock roadway tunneling method based on hydraulic fracturing technology |
| CN112196543A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-08 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Heading machine and auxiliary rock breaking device for abrasive jet flow of heading machine |
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