CN113142401A - Biological fermentation feed for improving digestion and absorption rate of piglets and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Biological fermentation feed for improving digestion and absorption rate of piglets and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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- A23V2400/123—Bulgaricus
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a biological fermentation feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of piglets, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the biological fermentation feed comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2400 parts of grain residues 590-; the preparation method comprises the following steps: fermenting grain residues, algae, amino acids, fungi and enzymes in a breathing bag according to parts by mass to obtain a biological fermented feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of piglets, wherein the fermented water content is 30-40%, the temperature is 30-35 ℃, and the time is 3-5 days; the biological fermentation feed is added into basal ration of piglets for increasing the height of jejunum villi of piglets, reducing crypt depth, and increasing villi height/crypt depth, and the addition amount is 5-10 wt%. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of improving the anti-nutritional factors in the feed raw materials, fully utilizing agricultural and sideline products, improving the villus height of the small intestine and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological fermentation feed, in particular to biological fermentation feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of piglets and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Compared with growing-finishing pigs, the piglets have incomplete development of digestive tracts, so the digestion and absorption functions of nutrient substances are not complete. The intestinal tract is not only the main site of digestion and absorption, but also an important immune organ. Therefore, the integrity of the small intestine structure of the nursery pig is improved, the digestibility of nutrient substances is improved, and the immune barrier function of the intestinal tract is improved, so that the method has important significance.
Traditionally, a large amount of antibiotics, soybean meal and other raw materials are used in the piglet feed daily ration, researches show that anti-nutritional factors in the soybean meal such as glycinin, phytohemagglutinin and the like can damage intestinal mucosa to cause intestinal villus atrophy, the use of the antibiotics causes imbalance of intestinal flora, beneficial bacteria are reduced, and the beneficial bacteria have been proved to have positive effects on intestinal morphological structures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a biological fermented feed which improves anti-nutritional factors in feed raw materials, fully utilizes agricultural and sideline products, improves the villus height of small intestine and improves the digestion and absorption rate of piglets, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the mucous membrane state of the small intestine of the piglet is closely related to the absorption of nutrient substances, the higher the villus height of the small intestine is, the better the nutrient substances are absorbed, the lower the probability of the nutrient substances entering the hindgut fermentation is, and particularly for proteins, the hindgut fermentation of the proteins can generate harmful substances such as indole, ammonia and the like, thereby affecting the health of the piglet.
On one hand, the biological fermentation feed can improve the anti-nutritional factors in feed raw materials, such as glycinin, beta-conglycinin, phytohemagglutinin, trypsin inhibitor, raffinose and the like in bean pulp, and greatly reduce the content after fermentation; meanwhile, organic acids, small peptides, probiotics, enzymes and the like generated in the fermentation process are of great help to improve intestinal health of piglets and the like. On the other hand, the biological fermentation can well utilize agricultural and sideline products and increase feed resources.
A biological fermentation feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of piglets comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2400 parts of grain residues 590-; the addition amount of the biological fermentation feed in basal ration of piglets is 5-10 wt%.
Further, the grain residues comprise one or more of navel orange residues, citrus peel residues, walnut cake dregs, pineapple peel residues, potato residues, tomato residues, barley peels, oat peels, sesame meal or perilla meal.
Further, the grain residues comprise navel orange residues, orange peel residues, walnut cake dregs, pineapple peel residues, potato residues, tomato residues, barley peels, oat peels, sesame dregs and perilla dregs in a mass ratio of (50-200): 20-100): 100-300): 50-200): 100-500-.
Further, the algae comprises one or more of schizochytrium limacinum, crypthecodinium cohnii, gulfweed, yellow-silk algae residue or enteromorpha powder.
Furthermore, the algae comprises schizochytrium, crypthecodinium cohnii, gulfweed, yellow-silk algae residue and enteromorpha powder in a mass ratio of (50-100): 50-100: (50-100): 100-500).
Further, the fungus comprises one or more of lactobacillus lactis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus reuteri, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, geotrichum candidum, lactobacillus bulgaricus or brevibacillus laterosporus.
Further, the fungi comprise lactobacillus lactis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus reuteri, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, geotrichum candidum, lactobacillus bulgaricus and brevibacillus laterosporus in a mass ratio of (1-2): (1-5): 1-5).
Further, the amino acids comprise arginine, tryptophan and threonine in a mass ratio of (1-5) to (1-5); the enzymes comprise alkaline protease and enzyme preparation in a mass ratio of (1-5) to (1-5).
The preparation method of the biological fermentation feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of the piglets comprises the following steps: according to the mass parts, grain residues, algae, amino acids, fungi and enzymes are fermented in a breathing bag, so that the biological fermented feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of piglets is obtained.
Further, the fermentation water content is 30-40%, the temperature is 30-35 ℃, and the time is 3-5 days.
The application of the biological fermentation feed for improving the digestibility of the piglets is characterized in that the biological fermentation feed is added into basic ration of the piglets for improving the jejunum villi height of the piglets, reducing the crypt depth and improving the villi height/crypt depth, and the addition amount is 5-10 wt%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can well improve the digestion and absorption capacity of piglets, improve the growth speed and reduce the diarrhea and the death rate by improving the villus height of the small intestine, particularly the jejunum. Since the small intestine is the major organ for nutrient absorption, the role of the intestinal mucosa is very critical in order to better promote digestion and absorption. Weaning stress can lead to rapid changes in the intestinal mucosal morphology, resulting in decreased villus height and increased crypt depth, while shortening of villus can lead to decreased growth performance. The height of the villus represents the digestive ability of the small intestine, the higher the height of the villus is, the larger the absorption area of the villus of the small intestine is, the nutrient absorption area is directly increased, and the higher the digestive absorption ability is.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microscope photograph of intestinal villi in comparative example (A), example 1(B), example 2(C), example 3(D), example 4(E) and example 5 (F).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
In the test, 30 tripartite crossbred castrated boars (Du multiplied by long multiplied by big) with the weight of about 10kg are selected and divided into 3 pigs, and each 10 pigs are treated by adopting free feeding and free drinking.
Feeding is finished when the weight of the feed reaches about 18kg, 1 head of the feed is randomly selected for slaughtering each group, and jejunum is taken to be about 2cm and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution. Fixing the sample in 4% paraformaldehyde solution for 48h, and trimming the tissue into small pieces of 7 mm; washing and fixing for 12h by using tap water; sections were routinely gradient alcohol dehydrated, cleared, paraffin embedded, and stained for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and periodic acid schiff s (PAS).
5 slices are selected from each sample, 5 different visual fields are selected from each slice under a low power microscope to observe the intestinal mucosa morphology, and the villus height and the crypt depth are measured. During the observation, it should be noted that the length of the intestinal villi selected should be substantially uniform, and the images were photographed using Nikon50i microscopy photographic processing software.
Comparative example
All piglets were fed basal diets.
Examples 1 to 5
On the basis of basic daily ration, 5 wt% of basic daily ration is replaced by the biological fermentation feed, and the biological fermentation feed comprises the following specific components:
the results of intestinal villus growth in the comparative example, examples 1-5 are shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Comparative example | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | |
| Height of pile | 320.69 | 369.59 | 350.28 | 350.39 | 372.44 | 330.49 |
| Depth of recess | 190.59 | 172.39 | 183.39 | 198.49 | 179.18 | 162.10 |
| Villus height/crypt depth | 1.68 | 2.14 | 1.91 | 1.77 | 2.08 | 2.04 |
From the results, it can be seen that: the addition of the fermented feed can improve the jejunum villus height of the piglets, reduce the crypt depth and improve the villus height/crypt depth. The result shows that the biological fermentation feed can improve the intestinal villus morphological structure of the jejunum of the piglets, improve the digestibility of nutrient substances and improve the immune function.
Claims (10)
1. The biological fermentation feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of piglets is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 2400 parts of grain residues 590-.
2. The biological fermentation feed for improving the digestibility of piglets according to claim 1, wherein the grain residues comprise one or more of navel orange residues, citrus peel residues, walnut cake residues, pineapple peel residues, potato residues, tomato residues, barley peels, oat peels, sesame residues or perilla residues.
3. The biological fermentation feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of piglets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grain residues comprise navel orange residues, citrus peel residues, walnut cake dregs, pineapple peel residues, potato residues, tomato residues, barley peels, oat peels, sesame dregs and perilla dregs in a mass ratio of (50-200): (50-200): 20-100): 100-300): 50-200): 100-500): 10-100.
4. The biological fermentation feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of piglets according to claim 1, wherein the algae comprises one or more of schizochytrium limacinum, crypthecodinium cohnii, gulfweed, yellow-silk algae residue or enteromorpha powder.
5. The fermented feed for improving the digestibility of piglets according to claim 1, wherein the algae comprises schizochytrium, crypthecodinium cohnii, gulfweed, yellow-silk algae residue and Enteromorpha powder in the mass ratio of (50-100): (50-100): 500).
6. The fermented feed according to claim 1, wherein the bacteria include one or more of lactobacillus lactis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus reuteri, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, geotrichum candidum, lactobacillus bulgaricus or brevibacillus laterosporus.
7. The biological fermentation feed for improving the digestibility of piglets according to claim 1, wherein the fungi comprises lactobacillus lactis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus reuteri, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, geotrichum candidum, lactobacillus bulgaricus and brevibacillus laterosporus in a mass ratio of (1-2): (1-5): 1-5).
8. The biological fermentation feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of piglets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amino acids comprise arginine, tryptophan and threonine in a mass ratio of (1-5): (1-5): 1-5; the enzymes comprise alkaline protease and enzyme preparation in a mass ratio of (1-5) to (1-5).
9. The preparation method of the biological fermentation feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of the piglets according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the mass parts, grain residues, algae, amino acids, fungi and enzymes are fermented in a breathing bag to obtain the biological fermented feed for improving the digestion and absorption rate of piglets, wherein the fermented water content is 30-40%, the temperature is 30-35 ℃, and the time is 3-5 days.
10. The application of the biological fermented feed for improving the digestibility of the piglets according to claim 1, wherein the biological fermented feed is added into basal ration of the piglets, and the addition amount of the biological fermented feed is 5-10 wt%.
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