CN113141820A - Fertilizing and seeding integrated device - Google Patents
Fertilizing and seeding integrated device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113141820A CN113141820A CN202110384729.3A CN202110384729A CN113141820A CN 113141820 A CN113141820 A CN 113141820A CN 202110384729 A CN202110384729 A CN 202110384729A CN 113141820 A CN113141820 A CN 113141820A
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- ditching
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- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 25
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/005—Undercarriages, tanks, hoppers, stirrers specially adapted for seeders or fertiliser distributors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/06—Fertiliser distributors with distributing slots, e.g. adjustable openings for dosing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C19/00—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders
- A01C19/04—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders by a ground-engaging wheel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/08—Machines for both manuring and sowing or both manuring and planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/16—Seeders with other distributing devices, e.g. brushes, discs, screws or slides
- A01C7/163—Gravity distributors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
- A01C7/206—Seed pipes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizing and seeding integrated device, which comprises a fertilizing device and a seeding device connected to the rear end of the fertilizing device, wherein the front end of the fertilizing device is used for being connected with a traction device; the fertilizer device comprises a fertilizer box, a layered fertilizer mechanism and a bin discharge control mechanism; the seeding device comprises at least two groups of corresponding seed boxes, a seeder and a seeding and ditching mechanism; the ditching depth of the seeding ditching mechanism is less than the minimum depth of the discharge hole of the layered fertilizing mechanism. The invention adopts the layered fertilization mechanism, the feed inlets on the layered fertilization mechanism correspond to more than two material distribution bins, the discharge outlets have different discharge depths, different fertilizers are applied to different depths, and the fertilizer mixture which is not suitable for being mixed together is prevented. The invention also controls the opening or closing of the bin valve according to the motion state of the travelling wheel, and controls the starting or stopping of disc sowing, thereby achieving the purposes of applying different fertilizers in layers and then sowing above the fertilizers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a fertilizing and seeding integrated device.
Background
Scientific fertilization and seeding can effectively improve the yield of crops, the quality of the crops, the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer and the ecological environment of farmlands.
The prior fertilizers have various varieties and different fertilizer properties, such as organic fertilizers and urea, microbial fertilizers and compound fertilizers, which cannot be mixed together for application, particularly the microbial fertilizers and the compound fertilizers, even after being applied, cannot be mixed together, otherwise, the functions of the microbial fertilizers cannot be fully exerted; and the fertilizer applicator on the current agricultural machine generally can only apply a fertilizer, the fertilization depth can not select different depths of penetration according to the crop fertilizer absorption characteristics, soil properties and the type of the fertilizer, for example, in the crop seedling stage, phosphorus plays an important role in the growth and development of crop roots, the fertilization position can be close to seeds, the ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer is not beneficial to seed germination, can be far away from the seeds, sandy soil and compound fertilizer are below the organic fertilizer, the fertilizer conservation of the soil can be enhanced, and the fertilizer efficiency is more durable. The prior fertilizing and seeding device can not fertilize and seed at different depths at one time according to requirements, and can not meet the requirements of high yield and high efficiency of crops on seeding and fertilizing.
Therefore, how to provide a fertilizing and seeding integrated device with high yield and high efficiency for crops is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a fertilizing and seeding integrated device, which has the following specific technical scheme:
a fertilizing and seeding integrated device comprises a fertilizing device and a seeding device connected to the rear end of the fertilizing device, wherein the front end of the fertilizing device is used for being connected with a traction device;
the fertilizer applying device comprises a fertilizer box, a layered fertilizer applying mechanism and a bin discharging control mechanism; the travelling wheels are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the fertilizer box, at least two material distribution bins are arranged in the fertilizer box, and a bin valve is arranged at the bottom of each material distribution bin; the layered fertilizing mechanism is connected between the bottom of the front end of the fertilizer box and the two travelling wheels which are oppositely arranged, the layered fertilizing mechanism is provided with feeding holes corresponding to the number of the distributing bins, the number of the discharging holes of the layered fertilizing mechanism is less than or equal to that of the feeding holes, and the discharging depths are different; the bin discharging control mechanism drives the opening and closing of the bin valve to be synchronous with the walking state of the walking wheel;
the seeding device comprises at least two groups of corresponding seed boxes, a seeder and a seeding and ditching mechanism; the seeder comprises a shell, the upper opening and the lower opening of the seed box are connected with the top of the shell through a pipeline; the longitudinal section of the shell is circular, and a seed discharge hole is formed in the lower part of the shell; a disc is installed inside the shell in a matched mode, and a plurality of grooves are distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the disc in a circular array mode; a rotating shaft is integrally arranged at the circle center of the disc and the shell in a penetrating manner, a rack is arranged behind the fertilizer box, and two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the rack; the rotating shaft can be driven to drive the disc to rotate relative to the shell; the seeding and ditching mechanism is arranged on the rack and below the front end of the seeder, and the ditching depth is less than the minimum depth of the discharge hole of the layered fertilizing mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses a fertilizing and seeding integrated device, wherein,
the fertilizer injection unit is owing to adopted the layering fertilizing mechanism, feed inlet and the more than two feed bin on the layering fertilizing mechanism correspond, when walking wheel walking, feed bin ejection of compact control mechanism control feed bin valve is opened, fertilizer enters into the layering fertilizing mechanism through the feed inlet of difference, layering fertilizing mechanism discharge gate ejection of compact degree of depth is different, inject different depths into fertilizer, prevent that unsuitable fertilizer that mixes together from mixing, when walking wheel stall, feed bin ejection of compact control mechanism control feed bin valve is closed, the purpose of different fertilizers has been executed in the layering from this.
The seed box in the seeding device is used for storing seeds, the disc can rotate relative to the shell, when the seed groove on the disc rotates to the upper opening of the shell, the seeds in the pipeline drop in the seed groove, the disc continues to rotate, and when the seed groove containing the seeds rotates to a position right above the seed discharge port at the lower part of the shell, the seeds drop, so that seeding is realized; and the ditching depth of the seeding ditching mechanism positioned in front of the seeder is less than the minimum depth of the discharge hole of the layered fertilizing mechanism, namely seeding is carried out on the uppermost layer of all fertilizers, and then the purpose of layered fertilizing and seeding is realized. The device can carry out the fertilization of the different degree of depth as required, then directly sows in the fertilizer top, has satisfied the high-yield high-efficient needs to seeding fertilization of crop, and easy operation, convenience have saved the manual work greatly.
Furthermore, the layered fertilization mechanism is connected and arranged on a first beam at the front end of the bottom of the fertilizer box through a first connecting piece; the sowing and ditching mechanism is connected and arranged on a second cross beam at the front end of the bottom of the seed box through a second connecting piece.
Further, the layered fertilization mechanism includes: the fertilizing mechanism comprises a fertilizing mechanism body and a coverer; the fertilizing mechanism body is in a block shape, the front end of the fertilizing mechanism body forms a fertilizing furrow opener with the end part extending forwards, and the rear end of the fertilizing mechanism body is fixed with the soil covering device; the top of the fertilizing mechanism body is provided with a first feeding pipe and a second feeding pipe, the top of the first feeding pipe is connected with one or two distributing bins through a first telescopic pipe, the bottom of the first feeding pipe discharges materials through a discharging channel arranged in the fertilizing mechanism body, and the discharging depth of the first feeding pipe is the ditching depth of the fertilizing ditcher; the top of the second feeding pipe is connected with one or two distributing bins through a second telescopic pipe, the bottom of the second feeding pipe is discharged through an inclined pipeline arranged at the rear part of the fertilizing mechanism body, the discharging depth of the second feeding pipe is the depth corresponding to the bottommost part of the inclined pipeline, and the ditching depth of the fertilizing ditcher is greater than the depth corresponding to the bottommost part of the inclined pipeline.
Further, the first feeding pipe is a straight cylinder or a Y-shaped cylinder, and the second feeding pipe is a straight cylinder or a Y-shaped cylinder.
Furthermore, the layered fertilization mechanism is positioned at the front end of the first connecting piece and is connected with a rotary drum in a rotating mode in the vertical direction.
Furthermore, the sowing and ditching mechanism comprises a ditching and soil cutting wheel and a seed limiting channel, the ditching and soil cutting wheel is rotatably arranged below the second cross beam, and the seed limiting channel is arranged right below the seed discharge hole; the ditching depth of the ditching soil cutting wheel is smaller than the depth corresponding to the bottommost part of the inclined pipeline.
Further, the first connecting piece comprises a first square tube, a first connecting frame and a first U-shaped bolt; the first square pipe is vertically fixed at the top of the layered fertilizing mechanism, the top of the first square pipe is connected with the first connecting frame in a sleeved mode, a first connecting plate is arranged on the front side face of the first connecting frame, and the first U-shaped bolt fixed on the first cross beam penetrates through the first connecting plate;
the second connecting piece comprises a second square pipe, a second connecting frame and a second U-shaped bolt; the bottom of the second square pipe is connected with the sowing and ditching mechanism, the top of the second square pipe is sleeved with the second connecting frame, the rear side face of the second connecting frame is provided with a second connecting plate, and the second connecting plate is provided with a second U-shaped bolt fixed on the second cross beam in a penetrating manner.
Further, the bin discharging control mechanism comprises a detector, a controller and an actuator; the detector is in transmission connection with the walking wheels through chains and feeds walking states of the walking wheels back to the controller, and the controller controls the actuator to drive the bin valve to be opened and closed.
Further, the detector comprises a detection disc and a detection sensor; the detection disc is in transmission connection with the walking wheel through a chain, a circle of axial through holes are formed in the detection disc, the detection end of the detection sensor corresponds to the through holes, and the rotating state of the detection disc is fed back to the controller.
Furthermore, a seeding driving shaft is connected between the two detection plates oppositely arranged on the rack, and the seeding driving shaft is in transmission connection with the travelling wheel through a chain; the seeding driving shaft is connected with an intermediate gear shaft through a chain, and the intermediate gear shaft is connected with the gear at the end part of the rotating shaft through the chain.
Further, the actuator includes: the actuating motor, the driving chain and the driving shaft; the actuating motor is fixed on the side wall of the bottom of the fertilizer box, and an output shaft of the actuating motor penetrates through the side wall of the fertilizer box and is connected with a gear on the driving shaft through the driving chain; the bin valve is connected to the driving shaft and can open or close the distribution bin through rotation of the driving shaft.
Furthermore, the stock bin valve comprises a discharging transition box, a manual discharging plug, a manual inserting plate and a fixing sleeve; the ejection of compact transition box is fixed in divide feed bin bottom, its inside have through fixed cover connect in be used for the shutoff in the drive shaft the valve plate of divide feed bin bottom, the ejection of compact transition box outside from top to bottom install manual blowing stopper with manual picture peg.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIGS. 1 to 4 are perspective views of the fertilizing and seeding integrated device of the present invention;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are side views of the integrated fertilizing and seeding device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a seed box and a seeder of the seeding apparatus according to the present invention;
FIGS. 8 and 9 are perspective views of the fertilizer apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a rear view of the fertilizer applicator of the present invention;
FIG. 11 the accompanying drawings show a top view of a fertilizer box;
FIG. 12 illustrates a top view of another fertilizer can;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a layered fertilizer application mechanism;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a layered fertilizer application mechanism;
figures 15 and 16 show schematic structural views of the bin valve;
in the figure:
101-fertilizer box, 102-travelling wheel, 103-distributing bin, 1031-bin valve, 1032-discharging transition box, 1033-manual discharging plug, 1034-manual inserting plate, 1035-fixing sleeve, 104-layered fertilizing mechanism, 1041-fertilizing opener, 1042-first feeding tube, 1043-second feeding tube, 1044-discharging channel, 1045-inclined pipeline, 1046-soil covering device, 1047-rotary drum, 105-bin discharging control mechanism, 1051-detector, 10511-detection disc, 10512-detection sensor, 1052-controller, 1053-execution motor, 1054-driving chain, 1055-driving shaft, 106-first connecting piece and 107-first beam;
201-a seed box, 202-a seeder, 2021-a shell, 20211-a seed discharge port, 2022-a disc, 20221-a seed groove, 2023-a rotating shaft, 203-a seeding and ditching mechanism, 2031-a ditching and soil cutting wheel, 2032-a seed limiting channel, 204-a rack, 205-a second connecting piece, 206-a second beam, 207-a seeding driving shaft and 208-an intermediate gear shaft.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a fertilizing and seeding integrated device, which is shown in figures 1-16 and specifically comprises the following components: fertilizer injection unit and connect in the seeder of fertilizer injection unit rear end, fertilizer injection unit's front end is used for being connected with draw gear.
Referring to fig. 8-12, the fertilizing device comprises a fertilizer box 101, a layered fertilizing mechanism 104 and a bin discharging control mechanism 105, wherein traveling wheels 102 are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the fertilizer box 101, and the number of the traveling wheels 102 is two, four or more; the fertilizer box 101 is internally provided with two or more distribution bins 103, and the bottom of each distribution bin 103 is provided with one or two bin valves 1031; the bottom in each material distribution bin is provided with a conical surface facilitating material discharging. A layered fertilization mechanism 104 is connected between the bottom of the front end of the fertilizer box 101 and the two walking wheels 102 which are oppositely arranged, the layered fertilization mechanism 104 is provided with feed inlets corresponding to the number of the material distribution bins 103, the number of the discharge outlets of the layered fertilization mechanism 104 is less than or equal to the number of the feed inlets, and the discharge depths are different; the fertilization of different depths can be realized; the bin discharging control mechanism 105 drives the bin valve 1031 to open and close and is synchronous with the walking state of the walking wheels 102, the walking wheels 102 rotate, the bin valve 1031 opens for fertilizing, the walking wheels 102 stop, and the bin valve 1031 closes to stop fertilizing.
The layered fertilization mechanism 104 is connected with a first beam 107 arranged at the front end of the bottom of the fertilizer box 101 through a first connecting piece 106. The first connecting member 106 may include a first square tube, a first connecting frame, and a first U-bolt; the first square pipe is vertically fixed at the top of the layered fertilization mechanism 104, a first connecting frame is sleeved at the top of the first square pipe, a first connecting plate is arranged on the front side face of the first connecting frame, and a first U-shaped bolt fixed on the first cross beam 107 penetrates through the first connecting plate. Wherein, the initial position of the layered fertilization mechanism 104 relative to the ground can be adjusted by adjusting the fixed position of the first connecting frame relative to the first square pipe.
Advantageously, the layered fertilization mechanism 104 is located at the front end of the first connecting piece 106, and is rotatably connected with the rotating drum 1047 in the vertical direction, the rotating drum facilitates that sundries are thrown out in rotation along with the rotating drum when the layered fertilization mechanism moves forward, so that the front end of the fertilization furrow opener is prevented from being blocked, the rotating drum is provided with a ring groove, and long weeds can be wound on the ring groove of the rotating drum, so that the weeds are prevented from interfering fertilization.
Referring to fig. 13 and 14, the layered fertilization mechanism 104 includes: a fertilizing mechanism body and coverer 1046; the fertilizing mechanism body is in a block shape, the front end of the fertilizing mechanism body is fixedly provided with a fertilizing furrower 1041 with the end part extending forwards, or the fertilizing furrower 1041 is integrally connected with the fertilizing furrower 1041, the rear end of the fertilizing furrower 1046 is fixedly provided with a covering device 1046, and the covering device 1046 is in a splayed shape; the top of the fertilizing mechanism body is provided with a first feeding pipe 1042 and a second feeding pipe 1043, the top of the first feeding pipe 1042 is connected with one or two material distribution bins 103 through a first telescopic pipe, the bottom of the first feeding pipe 1042 discharges materials through a discharging channel 1044 arranged in the fertilizing mechanism body, and the discharging depth of the first feeding pipe 1042 is the ditching depth of a fertilizing ditcher 1041; the top of the second feeding pipe 1043 is connected with one or two material distribution bins 103 through a second extension pipe, the bottom of the second feeding pipe 1043 is discharged through an inclined pipe 1045 arranged at the rear part of the fertilizing mechanism body, the discharging depth of the second feeding pipe 1043 is the depth corresponding to the bottommost part of the inclined pipe 1045, and the ditching depth of the fertilizing ditcher 1041 is greater than the depth corresponding to the bottommost part of the inclined pipe 1045. The first feeding pipe 1042 is a straight cylinder or a Y-shaped cylinder, and the second feeding pipe 1043 is a straight cylinder or a Y-shaped cylinder. Therefore, the use of more than two fertilizers can be satisfied by the different shapes of the first feeding pipe 1042 and the second feeding pipe 1043. The fertilizer output depth can be two, one is the ditching depth of the fertilizer furrow opener, the other is the depth corresponding to the lowest position of the inclined pipeline, and the depth of the fertilizer furrow opener is greater than the depth corresponding to the lowest position of the inclined pipeline; meanwhile, the inclined pipeline is a first square pipe which is obliquely arranged, after the fertilizer furrow opener ditches, fertilizers in the first feeding pipe enter the arranged grooves, then the bottom edge of the first square pipe which is obliquely arranged realizes an auxiliary soil covering function, the first fertilizer is covered, other fertilizers which just incline from the inside of the first square pipe are located on the covered soil layer, and then secondary soil covering is carried out through the soil covering device 1046.
Referring to fig. 10, the bin discharging control mechanism 105 includes a detector 1051, a controller 1052 and an actuator; the detector 1051 is in transmission connection with the traveling wheel 102 through a chain, the traveling state of the traveling wheel 102 is fed back to the controller 1052, and the controller 1052 controls the actuator to drive the bin valve 1031 to open and close. The actuator includes: an actuator motor 1053, a drive chain 1054, and a drive shaft 1055; the execution motor 1053 is fixed on the side wall of the bottom of the fertilizer box 101, and the output shaft of the execution motor passes through the side wall of the fertilizer box 101 and is connected with the gears on the two driving shafts 1055 through the driving chain 1054; the bin valve 1031 is connected to the driving shaft 1055 and can open or close the dispensing bin 103 by rotating the driving shaft 1055.
Referring to fig. 15 and 16, the bin valve 1031 includes a discharge transition box 1032, a manual discharge plug 1033, a manual insertion plate 1034, and a fixing sleeve 1035; the discharging transition box 1032 is fixed at the bottom of the material distribution bin 103, a valve plate connected to the driving shaft 1055 through a fixing sleeve 1035 and used for blocking the bottom of the material distribution bin 103 is arranged in the discharging transition box 1032, and a manual discharging plug 1033 and a manual inserting plate 1034 are arranged on the outer side of the discharging transition box from top to bottom. After fertilization, the residual fertilizer in the fertilizer box can be separated from a lower communicating channel by inserting the manual inserting plate into the discharging transition box 1032, and then unscrewing and taking down the manual discharging plug 1033, wherein the manual discharging plug 1033 can be used for discharging the residual fertilizer, and the manual discharging plug 1033 is screwed into a corresponding position again for fixing after being discharged. The manual insertion plate 1034 is in an uninserted state during the fertilizing process and is inserted only when fertilizer needs to be discharged.
Referring to fig. 9, the detector 1051 includes a detection plate 10511 and a detection sensor 10512; the detection disc 10511 is in transmission connection with the walking wheel 102 through a chain, a circle of axial through holes are formed in the detection disc 10511, the detection end of the detection sensor 10512 corresponds to the side of the through holes, and the rotating state of the detection disc 10511 is fed back to the controller 1052.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the planting device includes at least two sets of corresponding seed containers 201, a planter 202, and a seed furrow opener 203. The seeder 202 comprises a housing 2021, an upper opening and a lower opening of the seed box 201, the lower opening is connected with the top of the housing 2021 through a pipeline, the upper opening of the seed box 201 is used for placing seeds, and the lower opening is used for sending the seeds into the seeder 202.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 7, the longitudinal section of the housing 2021 of the sowing implement 202 is circular, and the lower part thereof is provided with a seed outlet 20211; a disc 2022 is fittingly installed inside the housing 2021, and a plurality of grooves 20221 are distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the disc 2022 in a circular array; a rotating shaft 2023 penetrates through the whole circle center of the disc 2022 and the shell 2021, a rack 204 is arranged behind the fertilizer box, and two ends of the rotating shaft 2023 are rotatably connected to the rack 204; the shaft 2023 can be driven to rotate the disc 2022 relative to the housing 2021.
The seeding and ditching mechanism 203 is arranged on the frame 204 and below the front end of the seeder 202, and the ditching depth is less than the minimum depth of the discharge hole of the layered fertilizing mechanism 104.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a seeding driving shaft 207 is connected between two opposite detection discs 10511 on the frame 204, and the seeding driving shaft 207 and the detection discs 10511 are jointly in transmission connection with the traveling wheels 102 through chains; the sowing drive shaft 207 is connected with an intermediate gear shaft 208 through a chain, and the intermediate gear shaft 208 is connected with a gear at the end part of the rotating shaft 2023 through a chain. The walking wheel 102 rotates to drive the seeding driving shaft 207 to rotate, the seeding driving shaft 207 drives the intermediate gear shaft 208 to rotate, the intermediate gear shaft 208 drives the rotating shaft 2023 to rotate, and finally the rotating shaft 2023 provides power for the rotation of the disc 2022. That is, the disk 2022 is synchronized with the traveling state of the traveling wheels 102, the traveling wheels 102 rotate, the disk 2022 rotates to sow seeds, the traveling wheels 102 stop, the disk 2022 stops rotating, and no seeds fall.
The sowing and furrowing mechanism 203 is connected with a second cross beam 206 arranged at the front end of the bottom of the seed box 201 through a second connecting piece 205. The second connecting piece 205 comprises a second square pipe, a second connecting frame and a second U-shaped bolt; the seeding ditching mechanism 203 is connected to second side pipe bottom, and the top cover is established and is connected with the second connection frame, sets up the second connecting plate on the trailing flank of second connection frame, wears to be equipped with on the second connecting plate to be fixed in the second U type bolt on the second crossbeam 206. Wherein, through adjusting the fixed position of the relative second side pipe of second linking frame, can adjust the initial position on the relative ground of seeding ditching mechanism 203, ensure that the seed is sowed to the suitable degree of depth apart from fertilizer.
The sowing and ditching mechanism 203 comprises a ditching and soil cutting wheel 2031 and a seed limiting channel 2032, wherein the ditching and soil cutting wheel 2031 is rotatably arranged below the second cross beam 206, namely the bottom of the second square pipe; the seed limiting channel 2032 is also fixed at the bottom of the second square pipe and is arranged right below the seed discharge hole 20211 to ensure that the seeds can be sown to the correct position; the ditching depth of the ditching soil cutting wheel 2031 is less than the depth corresponding to the bottommost part of the inclined pipeline 1045.
When the device is used, three fertilizers, namely peanut seed sowing and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application are taken as examples for explanation.
In the process of transporting the device to a fertilizing and seeding section, the travelling wheels of the device are lifted by the lifting device, so that the travelling wheels do not rotate in contact with the ground; after the fertilizer is transported to a corresponding section, the lifting device is lowered, the travelling wheels are contacted with the ground, and the three fertilizers of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are respectively loaded into three different material distribution bins of the fertilizer applying device; peanut seeds are loaded into a seed box in the seeding device.
The walking wheel is driven by an external traction device to rotate, the detection disc and the walking wheel are driven by a chain to rotate, the detection sensor detects that the detection disc continuously rotates and feeds back a signal to the controller, the controller controls the execution motor to rotate and drives two driving shafts which are arranged in parallel to rotate through the driving chain, the two driving shafts are respectively provided with stock bin valves corresponding to different material distribution bins, the walking wheel continuously walks, the stock bin valves are opened to fertilize, the walking wheel stops moving, and the stock bin valves are closed; first inlet pipe adopts a Y shape section of thick bamboo, potassium fertilizer is equipped with for one two branch feed bins that first inlet pipe corresponds, nitrogen fertilizer is equipped with for one, the second inlet pipe is a straight section of thick bamboo, the inside phosphorus fertilizer that is equipped with in the branch feed bin that it connects, two branch feed bins are connected to Y shape section of thick bamboo top, a branch feed bin is connected to a straight section of thick bamboo, after the ditching of fertilization furrow opener, two kinds of fertilizers of potassium fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer in the first inlet pipe get into the ditch inslot of seting up, then supplementary earthing function is realized at first square bottom edge that the slope set up, cover the fertilization for the first time, just in time incline the phosphorus fertilizer that comes out in the first square and be in on the soil layer that covers, then carry out secondary earthing through the earthing device. Therefore, three kinds of fertilizers are applied and layered fertilization is realized.
When the travelling wheels rotate to carry out the fertilizing process, the seeding driving shafts and the travelling wheels are driven to rotate through the chains, the seeding driving shafts drive the intermediate gear shafts to rotate, the intermediate gear shafts drive the rotating shafts to rotate, the rotating shafts provide power for the rotation of the disks, when the seed grooves on the disks rotate to the upper opening of the shell, the seeds in the pipelines drop in the seed grooves, the disks continue to rotate, and when the seed grooves containing the seeds rotate to the position right above the seed discharge port on the lower portion of the shell, the seeds drop, so that seeding is realized; and the ditching depth of the seeding ditching mechanism positioned in front of the seeder is less than the minimum depth of the discharge hole of the layered fertilizing mechanism, namely seeding is carried out on the uppermost layer of all fertilizers, and then the purpose of layered fertilizing and seeding is realized. The seed groove is semicircular clamping groove, and each seed groove can only contain proper amount of seeds, so that uniform seeding can be realized, and the seeds can not be wasted.
It should be noted that, the back of the seeding apparatus of the present invention is also correspondingly provided with a soil covering mechanism and other shaping and pressing mechanisms, which are the prior art and will not be described in detail herein.
The organic fertilizer is generally 5cm below the seeds, and the compound fertilizer is 3cm below the organic fertilizer; the microbial fertilizer is 5cm below the seeds, and the compound fertilizer is 3cm below the microbial fertilizer. On the clay soil, the organic fertilizer is 5cm below the seeds, and the compound fertilizer is 3cm below the organic fertilizer; on sandy soil, the slow release fertilizer is 5cm below the seeds, and the organic fertilizer is 3cm below the slow release fertilizer; and (4) carrying out optimized combination according to the fertilizer property and the soil physical and chemical properties, and correspondingly adjusting the device.
After fertilizing and seeding are finished, the lifting device is lifted to lift the traveling wheels to leave the ground, if more fertilizer is left in the fertilizer box, the actuating motor can be controlled to drive the driving shaft to rotate through an asynchronous button independently arranged on the controller, then the bin valve is opened, and the fertilizer is discharged through a first telescopic pipe and a second telescopic pipe which are connected with the tops of the first feeding pipe and the second feeding pipe; obviously, the driving chain at the executing motor can be taken down and then connected with external power through the externally hung chain, so that the driving shaft can be directly driven to rotate, and the valve of the storage bin is opened; if the inside fertilizer of branch feed bin is less, only in the inside residual fertilizer of ejection of compact transition box, then can pass through the box that passes through with manual picture peg insertion ejection of compact transition, separation ejection of compact transition box and lower part intercommunication passageway, then unscrew and take off manual blowing stopper, emit remaining fertilizer, it is fixed to correspond the position with manual blowing stopper screw in again after emitting, and the blowing is more convenient from this.
The seed in the seed box can be taken out by the upper opening part of the seed box, the chain can be taken down by the residual seed in the disc seed groove, the rotating shaft is driven by external power to rotate, and the seed is released from the seed discharge hole.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The fertilizing and seeding integrated device is characterized by comprising a fertilizing device and a seeding device connected to the rear end of the fertilizing device, wherein the front end of the fertilizing device is used for being connected with a traction device;
the fertilizer applying device comprises a fertilizer box (101), a layered fertilizer applying mechanism (104) and a bin discharging control mechanism (105); walking wheels (102) are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the fertilizer box (101), at least two material distribution bins (103) are arranged inside the fertilizer box (101), and a bin valve (1031) is arranged at the bottom of each material distribution bin (103); the layered fertilization mechanism (104) is connected between the bottom of the front end of the fertilizer box (101) and the two walking wheels (102) which are oppositely arranged, the layered fertilization mechanism (104) is provided with feed inlets corresponding to the number of the material distribution bins (103), the number of the discharge outlets of the layered fertilization mechanism (104) is less than or equal to that of the feed inlets, and the discharge depths are different; the bin discharging control mechanism (105) drives the bin valve (1031) to open and close synchronously with the walking state of the walking wheel (102);
the seeding device comprises at least two groups of corresponding seed boxes (201), a seeder (202) and a seeding and ditching mechanism (203); the seeder (202) comprises a shell (2021), the upper opening and the lower opening of the seed box (201) are connected with the top of the shell (2021) through a pipeline; the longitudinal section of the shell (2021) is circular, and the lower part of the shell is provided with a seed discharge hole (20211); a disc (2022) is fittingly installed inside the shell (2021), and a plurality of grooves (20221) are distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the disc (2022) in a circular array; a rotating shaft (2023) penetrates through the whole circle center of the disc (2022) and the shell (2021), a rack (204) is arranged behind the fertilizer box, and two ends of the rotating shaft (2023) are rotatably connected to the rack (204); the rotating shaft (2023) can be driven to drive the disc (2022) to rotate relative to the shell (2021); the seeding and ditching mechanism (203) is arranged on the rack (204) and below the front end of the seeder (202), and the ditching depth is smaller than the minimum depth of the discharge hole of the layered fertilizing mechanism (104).
2. The fertilizing and seeding integrated device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the layered fertilizing mechanism (104) is connected and arranged on a first cross beam (107) at the front end of the bottom of the fertilizer box (101) through a first connecting piece (106); the sowing and ditching mechanism (203) is connected and arranged on a second cross beam (206) at the front end of the bottom of the seed box (201) through a second connecting piece (205).
3. The fertigation and seeding integrated device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the layered fertilization mechanism (104) comprises: a fertilizing mechanism body and a coverer (1046); the fertilizing mechanism body is in a block shape, the front end of the fertilizing mechanism body forms a fertilizing furrow opener (1041) with the end part extending forwards, and the rear end of the fertilizing mechanism body is fixed with the soil covering device (1046); the top of the fertilizing mechanism body is provided with a first feeding pipe (1042) and a second feeding pipe (1043), the top of the first feeding pipe (1042) is connected with one or two distributing bins (103) through a first telescopic pipe, the bottom of the first feeding pipe (1042) discharges through a discharging channel (1044) arranged in the fertilizing mechanism body, and the discharging depth of the first feeding pipe (1042) is the ditching depth of the fertilizing ditcher (1041); the top of the second feeding pipe (1043) is connected with one or two of the material distribution bins (103) through a second telescopic pipe, the bottom of the second feeding pipe (1043) discharges materials through an inclined pipeline (1045) arranged at the rear part of the fertilizing mechanism body, the discharging depth of the second feeding pipe (1043) is the depth corresponding to the bottommost part of the inclined pipeline (1045), and the ditching depth of the fertilizing ditcher (1041) is greater than the depth corresponding to the bottommost part of the inclined pipeline (1045).
4. The integrated fertilizing and seeding device according to claim 3, wherein the seeding furrowing mechanism (203) comprises a furrowing and soil cutting wheel (2031) and a seed limiting channel (2032), the furrowing and soil cutting wheel (2031) is rotatably arranged below the second cross beam (206), and the seed limiting channel (2032) is arranged right below the seed discharge port (20211); the ditching depth of the ditching soil cutting wheel (2031) is less than the depth corresponding to the bottommost part of the inclined pipeline (1045).
5. The fertilizing and seeding integration device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first connecting piece (106) comprises a first square pipe, a first connecting frame and a first U-shaped bolt; the first square pipe is vertically fixed to the top of the layered fertilization mechanism (104), the top of the first square pipe is connected with the first connecting frame in a sleeved mode, a first connecting plate is arranged on the front side face of the first connecting frame, and the first U-shaped bolt fixed to the first cross beam (107) penetrates through the first connecting plate;
the second connecting piece (205) comprises a second square tube, a second connecting frame and a second U-shaped bolt; the bottom of the second square pipe is connected with the sowing and ditching mechanism (203), the top of the second square pipe is sleeved with the second connecting frame, a second connecting plate is arranged on the rear side face of the second connecting frame, and a second U-shaped bolt fixed on the second cross beam (206) penetrates through the second connecting plate.
6. The fertigation and seeding integrated device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bin discharging control mechanism (105) comprises a detector (1051), a controller (1052) and an actuator; the detector (1051) is in transmission connection with the travelling wheel (102) through a chain, the travelling state of the travelling wheel (102) is fed back to the controller (1052), and the controller (1052) controls the actuator to drive the bin valve (1031) to open and close.
7. An integrated fertigation and seeding device according to claim 6, wherein the detector (1051) comprises a detection plate (10511) and a detection sensor (10512); the detection disc (10511) is in transmission connection with the travelling wheel (102) through a chain, a circle of axial through holes are formed in the detection disc, the detection end of the detection sensor (10512) corresponds to the through holes, and the rotating state of the detection disc (10511) is fed back to the controller (1052).
8. The fertilizing and seeding integrated device as claimed in claim 7, wherein a seeding drive shaft (207) is connected between the two oppositely arranged detection plates (10511) on the frame (204), and the seeding drive shaft (207) is in transmission connection with the travelling wheel (102) through a chain; the seeding driving shaft (207) is connected with an intermediate gear shaft (208) through a chain, and the intermediate gear shaft (208) is connected with a gear at the end part of the rotating shaft (2023) through a chain.
9. The fertigation and seeding integrated device of claim 6, wherein the actuator comprises: an actuating motor (1053), a drive chain (1054) and a drive shaft (1055); the execution motor (1053) is fixed on the side wall of the bottom of the fertilizer box (101), and an output shaft of the execution motor penetrates through the side wall of the fertilizer box (101) and is connected with gears on the two driving shafts (1055) through the driving chain (1054); the bin valve (1031) is connected to the driving shaft (1055) and can open or close the distribution bin (103) through rotation of the driving shaft (1055).
10. The fertigation and seeding integrated device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the bin valve (1031) comprises a discharging transition box (1032), a manual discharging plug (1033), a manual inserting plate (1034) and a fixing sleeve (1035); the ejection of compact transition box (1032) are fixed in divide feed bin (103) bottom, its inside have through fixed cover (1035) connect in be used for the shutoff on drive shaft (1055) the valve plate of divide feed bin (103) bottom, manual blowing stopper (1033) and manual picture peg (1034) are installed from top to bottom in the ejection of compact transition box (1032) outside.
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| CN202110384729.3A CN113141820A (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | Fertilizing and seeding integrated device |
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| CN202110384729.3A CN113141820A (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | Fertilizing and seeding integrated device |
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