CN112968440B - AVC voltage control strategy adjusting method - Google Patents
AVC voltage control strategy adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/001—Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/002—Flicker reduction, e.g. compensation of flicker introduced by non-linear load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
An AVC voltage control strategy adjusting method relates to the technical field of automatic voltage control. The invention aims to solve the problem that the AVC cannot be in smooth transition and repeatedly vibrate due to the existing processing strategy of the normal and abnormal states of the AVC. The AVC voltage control strategy adjusting method analyzes the abnormal signals of the power grid in the current state and respectively carries out different treatments on different conditions. The invention can realize smooth transition of control strategy and carry out voltage optimization control in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic voltage control.
Background
The automatic voltage control is one of two automatic control systems (AGC and AVC) of a modern power grid, has the functions of improving the voltage quality of the power grid, reducing the grid loss, increasing stable reserves and lightening the labor intensity of dispatching operators on duty, and can ensure the safe, economic and high-quality operation of the power grid. The automatic voltage control refers to centralized monitoring and analysis and calculation of the reactive voltage state of the whole power grid, and coordinated optimization control of the wide-area distributed power grid reactive devices from the global perspective. The automatic voltage control not only can realize the automatic regulation of the reactive voltage, but also has a certain optimization function, and is an important technical means for keeping the system voltage stable, improving the quality of the power grid voltage and the economic operation level of the whole system and improving the management level of the reactive voltage.
At present, the AVC (Automatic Voltage Control) operation has a main problem, and the problems that the AVC can not be in smooth transition and can be repeatedly oscillated can occur when the existing strategy is used for processing the normal and abnormal states of the AVC.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an AVC voltage control strategy adjusting method for solving the problem that the existing AVC normal and abnormal state processing strategies can cause that the AVC cannot be in smooth transition and repeatedly vibrate.
An AVC voltage control strategy adjusting method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: when the power grid is abnormal, the abnormal type is judged,
when the abnormal type is only the reactive override, performing reactive correction on the AVC voltage,
when the exception type is only voltage out-of-limit, voltage correction is performed on the AVC voltage,
when the abnormal type is only excitation locking, the current control strategy is maintained unchanged,
when the abnormal types are the reactive power out-of-limit and the voltage out-of-limit, executing the step two,
when the abnormal type is the reactive power out-of-limit and the excitation locking, the third step is executed,
when the abnormal type is voltage out-of-limit and excitation locking, executing step four,
when the abnormal types are reactive power out-of-limit, voltage out-of-limit and excitation blocking, executing a fifth step;
step two: judging whether the directions of the reactive power out-of-limit and the voltage out-of-limit are consistent, if so, executing a seventh step, otherwise, executing an eighth step;
step three: judging whether the reactive power out-of-limit direction is consistent with the excitation locking direction, if so, carrying out reactive power correction on the AVC voltage, otherwise, executing the ninth step;
step four: judging whether the voltage out-of-limit direction is consistent with the excitation locking direction, if so, performing voltage correction on the AVC voltage, otherwise, executing the ninth step;
step five: judging whether the directions of the reactive power out-of-limit and the voltage out-of-limit are consistent, if so, executing a sixth step, and if not, executing a ninth step;
step six: judging whether the reactive power out-of-limit direction is consistent with the excitation locking direction, if so, executing a seventh step, otherwise, executing a ninth step;
step seven: respectively calculating the command voltage variation during reactive power correction and the command voltage variation during voltage correction, and correcting the AVC voltage in a mode of large command voltage variation;
step eight; correcting the AVC voltage by adopting reactive power correction and voltage correction;
step nine: exiting the current control and sending an alarm signal to the upper computer.
Further, the specific method for performing reactive power correction on the AVC voltage includes:
extracting the unit with the maximum reactive power out-of-limit amount in the power grid, and recording the reactive power out-of-limit amount of the unit as delta q ，
When the current reactive power out-of-limit amount of the power grid is larger than the allowable upper limit, the correction value of the command voltage is 0.02 delta q Correcting the current command voltage of the power grid to be reduced by 0.02 delta q ，
When the current reactive power out-of-limit quantity of the power grid is smaller than the allowable lower limit, the correction value of the command voltage is 0.04 delta q Correcting the current command voltage increase of the power grid by 0.04 delta q 。
Further, the specific method for performing voltage correction on the AVC voltage includes:
marking the actual voltage of the current power plant bus as V now And the upper limit value of the voltage is recorded as V max And the lower limit value of the voltage is denoted as V min An upper correction value delta of the command voltage V1 And a lower correction value delta V2 Comprises the following steps:
δ V1 ＝V now +1.5-V max ，
δ V2 ＝V now -1.5-V min ；
when delta V1 Below 1.5kV, will
As the current command voltage of the grid,
when delta V1 When the voltage is more than or equal to 1.5kV, changing V now -0.6 as the current command voltage of the grid,
when delta V2 Below 1.5kV, will
As the current networkThe voltage of the command voltage is set to be,
when delta V2 When the voltage is more than or equal to 1.5kV, changing V n o w +0.6 as the current grid command voltage.
The AVC voltage control strategy adjusting method can realize smooth transition of the control strategy, carry out voltage optimization control in real time and effectively solve the problem of voltage regulation of a power grid. The method provides an advanced control means for improving the quality of electric energy and reducing the line loss of the modern power grid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an AVC voltage control strategy adjustment method;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of state transition of the AVC system.
Detailed Description
The AVC operation has a main problem at present, namely, the switching strategy of the AVC under the conditions of normal and abnormal states and different abnormal states can not be in smooth transition, and the situation of repeated oscillation occurs. Analyzing the abnormal condition of the power plant comprises the following steps:
(1) The bus voltage limit of the power plant is divided into three conditions: the upper limit, the lower limit and the non-exceeding limit.
(2) The reactive power limitation of the generator set is divided into three conditions: the upper limit, the lower limit and the non-exceeding limit.
(3) The AVC substation of the power plant sends excitation blocking signals to the main station, and the excitation blocking signals are divided into three conditions: upper locking, lower locking and unlocking.
The AVC is divided into 27 different operating states due to the differences in the voltage limit signal, the reactive limit signal and the blocking signal. The voltage regulation strategy that needs to be adopted for each operating state AVC is different. These policies switch repeatedly with state transitions, and any policy switch that may occur should be smooth in transition. In order to achieve a smooth transition, the present invention gives the following embodiments.
The first specific implementation way is as follows: specifically describing the present embodiment with reference to fig. 1, the AVC voltage control policy adjustment method according to the present embodiment includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: when the power grid is abnormal, the abnormal type is judged,
when the abnormal type is only the reactive override, performing reactive correction on the AVC voltage,
when the exception type is only voltage out-of-limit, voltage correction is performed on the AVC voltage,
when the abnormal type is only excitation locking, the current control strategy is maintained unchanged,
when the abnormal types are the reactive power out-of-limit and the voltage out-of-limit, executing the step two,
when the abnormal type is the reactive power out-of-limit and the excitation locking, the third step is executed,
when the abnormal type is voltage out-of-limit and excitation locking, executing step four,
when the abnormal types are reactive power out-of-limit, voltage out-of-limit and excitation blocking, executing a fifth step;
step two: judging whether the directions of the reactive power off-limit and the voltage off-limit are consistent, if so, executing a seventh step, otherwise, executing an eighth step;
step three: judging whether the reactive power out-of-limit direction is consistent with the excitation locking direction, if so, carrying out reactive power correction on the AVC voltage, otherwise, executing the ninth step;
step four: judging whether the voltage out-of-limit direction is consistent with the excitation locking direction, if so, performing voltage correction on the AVC voltage, otherwise, executing the ninth step;
step five: judging whether the directions of the reactive power off-limit and the voltage off-limit are consistent, if so, executing a sixth step, otherwise, executing a ninth step;
step six: judging whether the reactive power out-of-limit direction is consistent with the excitation locking direction, if so, executing a seventh step, otherwise, executing a ninth step;
step seven: respectively calculating the command voltage variation during reactive power correction and the command voltage variation during voltage correction, and correcting the AVC voltage in a mode of large command voltage variation;
step eight; correcting AVC voltage by adopting reactive power correction and voltage correction together;
step nine: exiting the current control and sending an alarm signal to the upper computer.
Further, the specific method for performing reactive power correction on the AVC voltage includes:
extracting the unit with the maximum reactive power out-of-limit amount in the power grid, and recording the reactive power out-of-limit amount of the unit as delta q ，
When the current reactive power out-of-limit amount of the power grid is larger than the allowable upper limit, the correction value of the command voltage is 0.02 delta q Correcting the current command voltage of the power grid to reduce by 0.02 delta q ，
When the current reactive power out-of-limit quantity of the power grid is smaller than the allowable lower limit, the correction value of the command voltage is 0.04 delta q Correcting the current command voltage increase of the power grid by 0.04 delta q 。
Specifically, when the unit generates 10Mvar idle more times, the command voltage is reduced by 0.2kV. That is to say, when the voltage is stable and the unit is stable and often has 10Mvar idle, the voltage is commanded to increase by 0.2kV, the voltage correction command caused by out-of-limit idle is reduced by 0.2kV, and therefore the final command is to maintain the current voltage, and the system is stable. Meanwhile, when the unit generates less 5Mvar reactive power, the command is to increase the optimized voltage by 0.2kV.
Further, voltage command correction (voltage correction) is carried out when the bus voltage of the power plant exceeds the limit, and the reference voltage is more limited and is proportionally converted into a reverse correction value of the voltage command. The correction value is a piecewise function, since the maximum correction value is limited by the AVC command step size and should not be too large. Meanwhile, if the optimized voltage itself can be more favorable for removing the voltage threshold, the optimized voltage should be adopted. The specific method for correcting the voltage of the AVC voltage comprises the following steps:
marking the actual voltage of the current power plant bus as V now And the upper limit value of the voltage is V max And the lower limit value of the voltage is denoted as V min An upper correction value delta of the command voltage V1 And a lower correction value delta V2 Comprises the following steps:
δ V1 ＝V now +1.5-V max ，
δ V2 ＝V now -1.5-V min ；
when delta V1 Below 1.5kV, will
As the current command voltage of the grid,
when delta V1 When the voltage is more than or equal to 1.5kV, changing V n o w -0.6 as the current command voltage of the grid,
when delta V2 Below 1.5kV, will
As the current command voltage of the grid,
when delta V2 When the voltage is more than or equal to 1.5kV, changing V now +0.6 as the current commanded voltage of the grid.
Example (c): the upper limit of the voltage is 239kV, the optimized voltage will not exceed 237.5kV according to the AVC main program calculation rule, if the optimized voltage is fixed at 237.5kV and the actual voltage is 237.5kV, the command voltage will be 237.4kV; if the actual voltage is 238kV, the command voltage will be 237.73kV; if the actual voltage is 238.5kV, the command voltage will be 238.07kV; if the actual voltage is 239kV, the command voltage will be 238.4kV; if the actual voltage is 239.5kV, the commanded voltage will be 238.9kV.
Specifically, the AVC policy may need to be changed in each state in which an exception signal occurs, but may be the same. Thus, in the 27 different states of AVC, the AVC scaling strategy adopted is limited. In order to express the relationship of AVC state interconversion, strategies are made for different operation states. As shown in fig. 2, the nodes in the graph represent possible states of AVC, and the edge connecting two vertices represents a transition between two states that can occur due to a change in a single signal. In fig. 2, the upper limit of the voltage is shown on the top surface of the cube, the lower limit of the voltage is shown on the bottom surface, the magnetizing block is shown on the front surface, the demagnetizing block is shown on the rear surface, the lower limit of the reactive power is shown on the left surface, and the upper limit of the reactive power is shown on the right surface.
Considering that the actual operating state of AVC can only be converted by the change of a single signal basically (for example, 1 state is converted into 3 state when the power plant magnetizing block signal disappears, but it is unlikely that the demagnetizing block signal appears immediately after the power plant magnetizing block signal disappears, so the situation that the 1 state is directly converted into 2 state is not considered). Therefore, special attention should be paid to checking the stability of the system during strategy switching due to possible state transition, and preventing the system voltage from oscillating due to the repeated switching of states caused by executing different strategies. The AVC proposed policy and the currently actually executed policy are shown in table 1, where the state numbers in table 1 and the node numbers in fig. 2 are in a corresponding relationship:
TABLE 1 AVC recommendation policy lookup Table
To study and verify the stability of system operation when switching between policies, fig. 2 is analyzed in correspondence with the policies in table 1.
Fig. 2 has a total of 54 short ridges, i.e., 54 switching relationships. There are three cases:
1. the cube center (represented by a four-pointed star) is connected to the face center by 6 edges: indicating the transition between the 6 single abnormal signal states 9, 18, 21, 24, 25, 26 and the normal state 27.
2. 24 ribs connecting the face center and the rib center of the cube: showing the conversion relationship between 6 single abnormal signal states and 12 double abnormal signal states.
3. 24 ribs connecting the cube rib center and the vertex angle: the conversion relation between 12 double abnormal signal states and 8 three abnormal signal states is shown.
The operation effect of AVC strategy in each state is as follows:
the first type:
voltage correction in state 9, adopt
The smaller value of the optimized voltage and the command voltage is issued as V max =239kV for example, if the optimum voltage is high, then executing the command will result in δ V1 ＝V now +1.5-V max The command value is continuously close to 237.4kV, and if the command value is below 237.5kVIf the system is in a normal state, the system directly sends out an optimized voltage (237.5 kV) in the normal state, and all command voltages are stabilized between 237.4kV and 237.5kV and are stable. If the optimized voltage is reduced (237 kV), the command is issued to 237kV, the system is smoothly switched into a normal state, and repetition does not occur. State No. 18 works similarly. And (3) performing reactive power correction in the state of No. 21, if the voltage command is optimized to increase 0.2kV, the stable higher limit value of the unit is increased by 10Mvar more and the reactive power is generated, and the voltage correction command caused by the out-of-limit reactive power is reduced by 0.2kV, so that the final command is to maintain the current voltage, and the system is stable. When the optimization voltage command is reduced, the system smoothly shifts to a normal state. The No. 24 state is the same as the above state, but the idle reduction value is reduced by half. And the state of No. 25 is maintained at present, if the optimized voltage is higher, the voltage command is maintained, the state is unchanged, and if the optimized voltage is lower, the state is smoothly switched to a normal state. State number 26 works similarly.
The second type:
the state 3 is changed to the state 9 or the state 21, the strategy is changed from 'taking the large down-regulation value in reactive voltage correction' to 'voltage correction' or 'reactive correction', the direction is down-regulated when the direction is not changed, the reactive power and the voltage correction value are continuously reduced because the reactive power and the voltage are continuously reduced, and the regulation value has no sudden change, so the state 3 can not stably exist. State No. 15 is the same. And 6, the power grid is in a reactive excess state. The strategy is 'after voltage correction + reactive power correction component', and the reactive power correction value and the voltage correction value are calculated according to the following formula of 1Mvar: the proportion of 0.04kV is increased or decreased at the same time, and the state is changed into a normal state. State 12, the electric wire netting is idle and lacks the state, and similar state 6, the difference is that idle correction value and voltage correction value will be according to 1Mvar: the proportion of 0.02kV is increased or decreased at the same time, and the state is changed into a normal state. And in the state 19, the reactive power of the power grid is excessive, and reactive power correction is adopted, so that the strategy is the same as that of the state 21, namely the strategy is not switched when the blocking signal flashes, and the commands of the state pair 19 and the state pair 21 do not need to be switched. The state switching between the state 19 and the state 25 means that the reactive value fluctuates around the upper limit, the state 25 is maintained to be current, the state 19 command is a reactive power correction command, the current voltage and the normal optimized voltage are basically the same during the switching, and the strategic connection is smooth. State No. 23 works similarly. And in the state No. 20, the upper limit is not reached in a reactive mode and the demagnetization locking is realized, so that the system voltage is abnormally low, even the voltage is broken down, unreasonable, and the system is recommended to be exited and alarmed. No. 22 works similarly. In the state 7, the voltage is higher, the magnetizing lock is realized, the voltage correction is adopted, the 7 and 9 conversion strategies are the same, and the 7 and 25 conversion strategies are adopted, so that the actual voltage and the optimized voltage are close to the upper limit, and the strategy connection is smooth. The states 17 and 7 are the same. And in the state 8, when the voltage is higher than the upper limit, the magnetic field is reduced and locked, which means that the area has excessive reactive power, and when the voltage is locked, the system is unreasonable, and the system is recommended to be exited and alarmed. State 16 works the same way.
The third type:
2. states 4, 5, 10, 11, 13 and 16 are all unreasonable, and the reason is the same as the state 8, and all adopt the strategy of quitting alarm. The 1 state can not be maintained, the voltage and the reactive power can be rapidly reduced under the control, the state returns to one of the 3, 7 and 19 states, the 1-3 state is converted, and the strategy is not switched; 1-7 state transition means that the reactive power down-regulation amount is close to 0, so the voltage down-regulation amount is larger, the strategy is not switched, and the same holds for 1-19, so the strategy is smooth. The same applies to the 14 state.
Through analysis, the suggested strategies are reasonable, and the problem of system voltage oscillation caused by repeated state switching caused by execution of different strategies can be avoided.
Claims (3)
1. An AVC voltage control strategy adjustment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: when the power grid is abnormal, judging the abnormal type,
when the abnormal type is only the reactive override, performing reactive correction on the AVC voltage,
when the exception type is only voltage violation, voltage correction is performed on the AVC voltage,
when the abnormal type is only excitation locking, the current control strategy is maintained unchanged,
when the abnormal types are the reactive power out-of-limit and the voltage out-of-limit, executing the step two,
when the abnormal type is the reactive power out-of-limit and the excitation locking, the third step is executed,
when the abnormal type is voltage out-of-limit and excitation locking, executing step four,
when the abnormal types are reactive power out-of-limit, voltage out-of-limit and excitation blocking, executing a fifth step;
step two: judging whether the directions of the reactive power out-of-limit and the voltage out-of-limit are consistent, if so, executing a seventh step, otherwise, executing an eighth step;
step three: judging whether the reactive power out-of-limit direction is consistent with the excitation locking direction, if so, carrying out reactive power correction on the AVC voltage, otherwise, executing the ninth step;
step four: judging whether the voltage out-of-limit direction is consistent with the excitation locking direction, if so, performing voltage correction on the AVC voltage, otherwise, executing the ninth step;
step five: judging whether the directions of the reactive power off-limit and the voltage off-limit are consistent, if so, executing a sixth step, otherwise, executing a ninth step;
step six: judging whether the reactive power out-of-limit direction is consistent with the excitation locking direction, if so, executing a seventh step, otherwise, executing a ninth step;
step seven: respectively calculating the command voltage variation during reactive power correction and the command voltage variation during voltage correction, and correcting the AVC voltage in a mode of large command voltage variation;
step eight; correcting AVC voltage by adopting reactive power correction and voltage correction together;
step nine: exiting the current control and sending an alarm signal to the upper computer.
2. The AVC voltage control strategy adjustment method of claim 1, wherein the AVC voltage is reactive power corrected by the following specific method:
extracting the unit with the maximum reactive power out-of-limit amount in the power grid, and recording the reactive power out-of-limit amount of the unit as delta q ，
When the current reactive power out-of-limit quantity of the power grid is larger than the allowable upper limit, the correction value of the command voltage is 0.02 delta q Correcting the current command voltage of the power grid to reduce by 0.02 delta q ，
When the current reactive power out-of-limit quantity of the power grid is smaller than the allowable lower limit, the correction value of the command voltage is 0.04 delta q To correct the power gridPre-command voltage increase of 0.04 delta q 。
3. The AVC voltage control strategy adjustment method according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for performing voltage correction on the AVC voltage is:
marking the actual voltage of the current power plant bus as V now And the upper limit value of the voltage is recorded as V max And the lower limit value of the voltage is denoted as V min An upper correction value delta of the command voltage V1 And a lower correction value delta V2 Comprises the following steps:
δ V1 ＝V now +1.5-V max ，
δ V2 ＝V now -1.5-V min ；
when delta V1 Below 1.5kV, will
As the current command voltage of the grid,
when delta V1 When the voltage is more than or equal to 1.5kV, changing V n o w -0.6 as the current command voltage of the grid,
when delta V2 Below 1.5kV, will
As the current command voltage of the grid,
when delta V2 When the voltage is more than or equal to 1.5kV, changing V now +0.6 as the current commanded voltage of the grid.
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