CN112846206A - Pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method - Google Patents

Pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112846206A
CN112846206A CN202011602571.4A CN202011602571A CN112846206A CN 112846206 A CN112846206 A CN 112846206A CN 202011602571 A CN202011602571 A CN 202011602571A CN 112846206 A CN112846206 A CN 112846206A
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pulse
metal powder
cooling chamber
collector
powder
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CN202011602571.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
柴立新
汪艳春
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Jiangsu Boqian New Materials Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Boqian New Materials Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011602571.4A priority Critical patent/CN112846206A/en
Publication of CN112846206A publication Critical patent/CN112846206A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/120665 priority patent/WO2022142527A1/en
Priority to JP2023528288A priority patent/JP2023550716A/en
Priority to TW110148449A priority patent/TWI813105B/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/12Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from gaseous material

Abstract

The invention discloses a pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method, which relates to the technical field of powder preparation, and adopts the technical scheme that a preparation condensation device consisting of a reactor, a condensation pipe, a pulse cooling chamber, a collector and a powder collector is adopted to obtain metal powder by a pulse cooling method; the pulse cooling method comprises the following steps: step 1, putting raw materials into a reactor for melting and evaporation, so that metal steam enters a condensation pipe for crystallization and nucleation to form a powder blank; step 2, cooling the powder blank in a pulse cooling chamber to form monomer metal particles, wherein nitrogen is filled in the pulse cooling chamber; step 3, the monomer metal particles enter a collector to be collected under the action of the airflow of the preparation condensing device; and 4, reversely blowing the metal powder into the powder collector by a reverse blowing device in the collector for collection. The invention has the effect of remarkably improving the distribution uniformity and the yield of the metal powder.

Description

Pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of powder preparation, in particular to a pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method.
Background
At present, in the submicron metal powder preparation industry, a physical vapor phase method is mostly adopted to produce metal nickel powder, after metal is melted and gasified in a reactor molten pool, metal steam passes through a condensing tube under the action of system nitrogen and is cooled by nitrogen in the condensing tube, and the metal steam enters a collecting tank after powder is formed.
However, when the metal nickel powder is produced by the existing physical vapor phase method, because the metal steam is directly condensed by the condensing tube and the volume of the condensing tube is small, the gas-solid ratio of the powder in the pulse cooling chamber is only 1: 200-250, which results in the problems of large powder concentration, high temperature and insufficient powder cooling; secondly, because the sectional area of the condensing pipe is small, the flow velocity of gas in the pipe is high, and the Reynolds number Re of the flow state is not less than 3000, the flow state of the system is in a transition flow state and a turbulent flow state; therefore, the metal nickel powder obtained by the existing method has an increased probability of collision between powder particles and between particles and tube walls due to the fact that the powder is too large, and further, under a high-temperature environment, uncooled metal particles are fused with each other, so that conjunctions are easily formed, or irregular particles are formed, so that the quality of the powder is reduced, and improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an objective of the present invention is to provide a pulse type metal powder preparation and condensation method, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the uniformity of metal powder distribution and the yield. The specific scheme is as follows:
a pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method comprises the steps of obtaining metal powder by a pulse cooling method through a preparation condensation device consisting of a reactor, a condensation pipe, a pulse cooling chamber, a collector and a powder collector; the pulse cooling method comprises the following steps:
step 1, putting raw materials into a reactor for melting and evaporation, so that metal steam enters a condensation pipe for crystallization and nucleation to form a powder blank;
step 2, cooling the powder blank in a pulse cooling chamber to form monomer metal particles, wherein nitrogen is filled in the pulse cooling chamber;
step 3, the monomer metal particles enter a collector to be collected under the action of the airflow of the preparation condensing device;
and 4, reversely blowing the metal powder into the powder collector by a reverse blowing device in the collector for collection.
Preferably: the pulse cooling chamber comprises a disc-shaped end enclosure, a cylinder, an observation hole and a gas distributor; the gas distributor is an annular gas distributor.
Preferably: the annular gas distributor is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles distributed in an equal radian, and the open ends of the gas nozzles face the center of the condensation pipe.
Preferably: the sectional area ratio of the condensation pipe to the pulse cooling chamber is 1: 8-15 parts of; the volume ratio of the cooling chamber to the condensation pipe is 1: 10-15.
Preferably: the metal powder is spherical and has a particle size of less than 100 nm.
Preferably: the pulse cooling chamber is in negative pressure; the pressure in the reactor is 70-90 kPa.
Preferably: and a zirconium oxide lining layer is arranged in the condensation pipe.
Preferably: the volume gas-solid ratio of the metal powder in the pulse cooling chamber is 1: 1500-2000.
Preferably: the condensation pipe and/or the pulse cooling chamber are/is provided with an interlayer, and cooling water is arranged in the interlayer.
Preferably: in step 3, the monomeric metal particles are passed from the pulse cooling chamber into a collector through an inclined tube.
According to the scheme, the pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method has the following beneficial effects:
1. through the arrangement of the pulse cooling chamber with large sectional area, the flow velocity of gas in the pipe is low, the Reynolds number Re of the flow state is less than or equal to 3000, and the flow state of the condensing system is in a transition flow state and a laminar flow state;
2. through the arrangement of the pulse cooling chamber with large volume, the cooling space of the metal powder is effectively enlarged, the density of the metal powder in the pulse cooling chamber is reduced, and then the collision probability among powder particles and between the particles and the pipe wall is effectively reduced, so that the purpose of avoiding the generation of metal particle conjoined particles and irregular special-shaped particles is achieved;
3. through the arrangement of the pulse cooling chamber with uniform temperature field distribution, the metal powder with uniform particle distribution is obtained, and the effects of less ultra-large and ultra-fine particles and narrow powder particle size distribution are realized;
4. by reducing the temperature difference between the central part of the pulse cooling chamber and the chamber wall, less slag and less waste powder are formed on the chamber wall by metal steam, so that the aim of improving the powder yield by 15 percent is fulfilled;
5. the method has the effects of reducing the inner wall slagging phenomenon of the condensation pipe, preventing the condensation pipe from being blocked easily and shortening the production period by 20 percent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulse type condensing device for preparing metal powder disclosed in the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a reactor; 2. a condenser tube; 3. a pulse cooling chamber; 4. a collector; 5. a powder collector; 6. a gas distributor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method of the embodiment of the invention is specifically explained as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, a pulse type condensing device for preparing metal powder comprises a reactor 1, a condensing pipe 2, a pulse cooling chamber 3, a collector 4 and a powder collector 5. Wherein, the reactor 1 is used for melting and evaporating raw materials to obtain metal vapor; the condenser pipe 2 is connected with the reactor 1 and the pulse cooling chamber 3, so that metal steam is crystallized and nucleated when passing through the condenser pipe 2, and then after entering the pulse cooling chamber 3, the distance between powder blank particles crystallized and nucleated is instantly enlarged by slowing down the gas flow rate, the collision probability of each powder blank particle is greatly reduced, and the generation of conjoined particles and molten slag is effectively reduced. The collector 4 is used for collecting the metal powder obtained by cooling the pulse cooling chamber 3, and then enters the powder collector 5 for collection under the blowback action of the blowback tank in the collector 4. In order to realize the cooling effect, a zirconium oxide lining layer is arranged in the condensation pipe 2; and the condensation duct 2 and/or the pulse cooling chamber 3 are provided with an interlayer. The interlayer is internally provided with cooling water.
It should be mentioned that the pulse cooling chamber 3 comprises a dish head, a cylinder, a viewing aperture and a gas distributor 6. The disc-shaped end socket is used for being connected with the condensing pipe 2 in a sealing way; the cylinder is used for cooling and obtaining the metal powder; the observation hole is used for observing the generation condition of the metal powder in the cylinder; the gas distributor 6 is a ring-shaped gas distributor 6 and is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles distributed in an equal radian. The open end of the gas nozzle faces the center of the condensation pipe 2, so that the gas nozzle has the effects of effectively slowing down the gas flow speed and blowing away the powder blank.
Meanwhile, the cross-sectional area ratio of the condensation pipe 2 to the pulse cooling chamber 3 is 1: 8-15 parts of; the volume ratio of the cooling chamber to the condensation pipe 2 is 1: 10-15, so as to greatly reduce the collision probability of each powder blank particle, thereby effectively reducing the generation of conjoined particles and slag.
A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method obtains metal powder by adopting a preparation condensation device consisting of a reactor 1, a condensation pipe 2, a pulse cooling chamber 3, a collector 4 and a powder collector 5 and adopting a pulse cooling method.
Wherein:
the pulse cooling method comprises the following steps:
step 1, putting raw materials into a reactor 1 for melting and evaporation, so that metal steam enters a condensation pipe 2 for crystallization and nucleation to form a powder blank;
step 2, feeding the powder blank into a pulse cooling chamber 3 for cooling to form monomer metal particles, wherein nitrogen is filled in the pulse cooling;
step 3, the monomer metal particles enter a collector 4 through an inclined pipe to be collected under the action of the airflow of the preparation condensing device;
and 4, reversely blowing the metal powder into the powder collector 5 by a reverse blowing device in the collector 4 for collection.
It is to be mentioned that the raw material is one or more metals of iron, nickel, copper, tin, silver, etc.; the obtained metal powder is alloy powder formed by one or more metals such as iron, nickel, copper, tin, silver and the like. Meanwhile, the metal powder is spherical and has a particle size less than 100 nm. In the process of pulse cooling, the interior of the pulse cooling chamber 3 is in negative pressure, the pressure in the reactor 1 is 70-90kPa, and the volume gas-solid ratio of the metal powder in the pulse cooling chamber 3 is 1: 1500-2000 to achieve the effect of effectively improving the distribution uniformity and yield of the metal powder.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, a pulse type condensing device for preparing metal powder comprises a reactor 1, a condensing pipe 2, a pulse cooling chamber 3, a collector 4 and a powder collector 5. Wherein, the reactor 1 is used for melting and evaporating raw materials to obtain metal vapor; the condenser pipe 2 is connected with the reactor 1 and the pulse cooling chamber 3, so that metal steam is crystallized and nucleated when passing through the condenser pipe 2, and then after entering the pulse cooling chamber 3, the distance between powder blank particles crystallized and nucleated is instantly enlarged by slowing down the gas flow rate, the collision probability of each powder blank particle is greatly reduced, and the generation of conjoined particles and molten slag is effectively reduced. The collector 4 is used for collecting the metal powder obtained by cooling the pulse cooling chamber 3, and then enters the powder collector 5 for collection under the blowback action of the blowback tank in the collector 4. In order to realize the cooling effect, a zirconium oxide lining layer is arranged in the condensation pipe 2; and the condensation duct 2 is provided with an interlayer. The interlayer is internally provided with cooling water.
It should be mentioned that the pulse cooling chamber 3 comprises a dish head, a cylinder, a viewing aperture and a gas distributor 6. The disc-shaped end socket is used for being connected with the condensing pipe 2 in a sealing way; the cylinder is used for cooling and obtaining the metal powder; the observation hole is used for observing the generation condition of the metal powder in the cylinder; the gas distributor 6 is a ring-shaped gas distributor 6 and is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles distributed in an equal radian. The open end of the gas nozzle faces the center of the condensation pipe 2, so that the gas nozzle has the effects of effectively slowing down the gas flow speed and blowing away the powder blank.
Meanwhile, the cross-sectional area ratio of the condensation pipe 2 to the pulse cooling chamber 3 is 1: 8; the volume ratio of the cooling chamber to the condensation pipe 2 is 1: 10, the collision probability of each powder blank particle is greatly reduced, and therefore the generation of conjoined particles and slag is effectively reduced.
A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method obtains metal powder by adopting a preparation condensation device consisting of a reactor 1, a condensation pipe 2, a pulse cooling chamber 3, a collector 4 and a powder collector 5 and adopting a pulse cooling method.
Wherein:
the pulse cooling method comprises the following steps:
step 1, putting raw materials into a reactor 1 for melting and evaporation, so that metal steam enters a condensation pipe 2 for crystallization and nucleation to form a powder blank;
step 2, feeding the powder blank into a pulse cooling chamber 3 for cooling to form monomer metal particles, wherein nitrogen is filled in the pulse cooling;
step 3, the monomer metal particles enter a collector 4 through an inclined pipe to be collected under the action of the airflow of the preparation condensing device;
and 4, reversely blowing the metal powder into the powder collector 5 by a reverse blowing device in the collector 4 for collection.
It is to be mentioned that the raw material is one or more metals of iron, nickel, copper, tin, silver, etc.; the obtained metal powder is alloy powder formed by one or more metals such as iron, nickel, copper, tin, silver and the like. Meanwhile, the metal powder is spherical and has a particle size less than 100 nm. In the process of pulse cooling, the interior of the pulse cooling chamber 3 is in negative pressure, the pressure in the reactor 1 is 70kPa, and the volume gas-solid ratio of the metal powder in the pulse cooling chamber 3 is 1: 1500, so as to realize the effect of effectively improving the distribution uniformity and the yield of the metal powder.
Example two
The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the cross-sectional area ratio of the condensation pipe 2 to the pulse cooling chamber 3 in the second embodiment is 1: 12; the volume ratio of the cooling chamber to the condensation pipe 2 is 1: 13.
EXAMPLE III
The difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that the cross-sectional area ratio of the condensation pipe 2 to the pulse cooling chamber 3 in the third embodiment is 1: 15; the volume ratio of the cooling chamber to the condensation pipe 2 is 1: 15.
example four
The difference between the fourth embodiment and the first embodiment is that the pressure in the reactor 1 in the fourth embodiment is 80kPa and the volume gas-solid ratio of the metal powder in the pulse cooling chamber 3 is 1: 1800.
EXAMPLE five
The difference between the fifth embodiment and the first embodiment is that the pressure in the reactor 1 in the fifth embodiment is 90kPa and the volume gas-solid ratio of the metal powder in the pulse cooling chamber 3 is 1: 2000.
EXAMPLE six
The sixth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the condenser tube 2 and the pulse cooling chamber 3 in the sixth embodiment are each provided with an interlayer. The interlayer is internally provided with cooling water.
In conclusion, the pulse cooling chamber 3 with a large sectional area is arranged, so that the flow velocity of gas in the pipe is low, the Reynolds number Re of the flow state is less than or equal to 3000, and the flow state of a condensing system is in an over-flow state and a laminar flow state; through the arrangement of the pulse cooling chamber 3 with large volume, the cooling space of the metal powder is effectively enlarged, the density of the metal powder in the pulse cooling chamber 3 is reduced, and then the collision probability among powder particles and between the particles and the pipe wall is effectively reduced, so that the purpose of avoiding the generation of metal particle conjoined particles and irregular special-shaped particles is achieved; furthermore, through the arrangement of the pulse cooling chamber 3 with uniform temperature field distribution, metal powder with uniform particle distribution is obtained, and the effects of ultra-large and ultra-fine particles and narrow powder particle size distribution are realized; and the temperature difference between the central part of the pulse cooling chamber 3 and the chamber wall is reduced, so that less slag and less waste powder are formed on the chamber wall by the metal steam, and the purpose of improving the yield of 15% powder is achieved. Therefore, the slag bonding phenomenon on the inner wall of the condensation pipe 2 is less, the condensation pipe 2 is not easy to be blocked, and the production period is shortened by 20 percent.
References in this application to "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., if any, are intended to distinguish between similar elements and not necessarily to describe a particular order or sequence. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein may be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or apparatus.
It should be noted that the descriptions in this application referring to "first", "second", etc. are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present application.
The principle and the implementation of the present application are explained herein by applying specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method is characterized in that metal powder is obtained by adopting a preparation condensation device comprising a reactor, a condensation pipe, a pulse cooling chamber, a collector and a powder collector and adopting a pulse cooling method; the pulse cooling method comprises the following steps:
step 1, putting raw materials into a reactor for melting and evaporation, so that metal steam enters a condensation pipe for crystallization and nucleation to form a powder blank;
step 2, cooling the powder blank in a pulse cooling chamber to form monomer metal particles, wherein nitrogen is filled in the pulse cooling chamber;
step 3, the monomer metal particles enter a collector to be collected under the action of the airflow of the preparation condensing device;
and 4, reversely blowing the metal powder into the powder collector by a reverse blowing device in the collector for collection.
2. A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pulse cooling chamber comprises a disc-shaped end enclosure, a cylinder, an observation hole and a gas distributor; the gas distributor is an annular gas distributor.
3. A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the annular gas distributor is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles distributed in an equal radian, and the open ends of the gas nozzles face the center of the condensation pipe.
4. A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sectional area ratio of the condensation pipe to the pulse cooling chamber is 1: 8-15 parts of; the volume ratio of the cooling chamber to the condensation pipe is 1: 10-15.
5. A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the metal powder is spherical and has a particle size of less than 100 nm.
6. A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pulse cooling chamber is in negative pressure; the pressure in the reactor is 70-90 kPa.
7. A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a zirconium oxide lining layer is arranged in the condensation pipe.
8. A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the volume gas-solid ratio of the metal powder in the pulse cooling chamber is 1: 1500-2000.
9. A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the condensation pipe and/or the pulse cooling chamber are/is provided with an interlayer, and cooling water is arranged in the interlayer.
10. A pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 3, the monomeric metal particles are passed from the pulse cooling chamber into a collector through an inclined tube.
CN202011602571.4A 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 Pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method Pending CN112846206A (en)

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CN202011602571.4A CN112846206A (en) 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 Pulse type metal powder preparation condensation method
PCT/CN2021/120665 WO2022142527A1 (en) 2020-12-29 2021-09-26 Pulsed-condensation method for metal powder preparation
JP2023528288A JP2023550716A (en) 2020-12-29 2021-09-26 Pulsed metal powder preparation and condensation method
TW110148449A TWI813105B (en) 2020-12-29 2021-12-23 Pulsed metal powder preparation and condensation method

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CN115383124A (en) * 2022-09-02 2022-11-25 杭州新川新材料有限公司 Cooling equipment for superfine metal powder

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CN115383124A (en) * 2022-09-02 2022-11-25 杭州新川新材料有限公司 Cooling equipment for superfine metal powder

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