CN112810457A

CN112810457A - Multifunctional multi-drive system of new energy automobile

Info

Publication number: CN112810457A
Application number: CN202110273135.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱幕松
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-03-14
Filing date: 2021-03-14
Publication date: 2021-05-18

Abstract

A new energy automobile multifunctional multi-drive system is provided, 4 multifunctional electric wheels are arranged, original 4 wheels of a common car can be conveniently modified, and the common car can be directly upgraded and modified into a new energy automobile; the outer rotor brushless low-speed motor fully and reasonably utilizes the residual space between the rim and the drum brake, under the supporting and sealing action of the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing, the air gap between the motor stator and the motor rotor is uniform and stable, the permanent magnet ring is isolated from the external severe environment, and the magnetic attraction pollution caused by dust and sundries is avoided; the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile is intelligently controlled, intelligently matched with various powers, automatically switched in power and automatically shifted, so that the new energy automobile always works in an optimal energy-saving environment-friendly state; the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are equivalent to 4 wheel rotation speed sensors, so that the new energy automobile multifunctional multi-drive system has an automobile anti-lock braking function and an automobile tire pressure automatic alarm function.

Description

Multifunctional multi-drive system of new energy automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to a new energy automobile, in particular to a multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile.

Background

At present, among various new energy vehicles popular in the society, a hybrid vehicle with automatic switching between engine power and motor power is developed relatively quickly and occupies a certain proportion in the market, the hybrid vehicle is driven by a motor when running at low speed on a crowded urban road, and is automatically switched to be driven by the engine when running at high speed for a long distance in the field, the hybrid vehicle has remarkable energy-saving and environment-friendly effects, and the urban air quality is effectively improved. The existing hybrid electric vehicle has the following defects: the motor driving system of the existing hybrid electric vehicle can not be directly upgraded and reformed into the hybrid electric vehicle on the basis of the existing common car, and in addition, the motor driving system of the existing hybrid electric vehicle does not have the anti-lock braking function of the vehicle and the automatic alarming function of the air pressure of the vehicle tyre, which are two important functions related to the safety index of the new energy vehicle, but most of the existing common cars do not have the anti-lock braking function of the vehicle and the automatic alarming function of the air pressure of the vehicle tyre.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the existing hybrid electric vehicle, the invention provides a new energy automobile multifunctional multi-drive system which can be directly upgraded and reformed on the basis of the existing common car and has the functions of automatically switching power and automatically shifting gears, an automobile anti-lock brake control function and an automobile tire pressure automatic alarm function.

The technical scheme of the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile comprises a common car, a multifunctional electric wheel, an outer rotor brushless low-speed motor, a drum brake, an ultrathin bearing, a coupler, a lithium battery pack, a central intelligent controller, an anti-lock brake controller, a brushless motor controller, a tire air pressure automatic alarm, an accelerator hall speed regulator, a brake hall sensor, an accelerator regulating valve and an electromagnetic throttle valve, and is characterized in that: the common car selected by the new energy automobile multifunctional multi-drive system is an environment-friendly 4-wheel car with an automatic gear shifting function, the multifunctional electric wheel comprises an integrated wheel consisting of a connecting disc, a hub, a rim, a tire, an outer rotor brushless low-speed motor and a drum brake, the 4 multifunctional electric wheels are identical in structure and are respectively installed on respective independent suspensions, the 4 independent suspensions are respectively installed at the front end and the rear end of a car chassis, the engine power of the common car drives a left front wheel and a right front wheel, the left front wheel and the right front wheel are respectively provided with a front independent suspension, the left front independent suspension and the right front independent suspension are respectively provided with an upper cantilever and a lower cantilever, the left upper cantilever and the lower cantilever are respectively provided with a left front connecting disc, the right upper cantilever and the lower cantilever are respectively provided with a right front connecting disc, and the centers of the left front connecting disc and the right front connecting; the left and right rear wheels are provided with rear independent suspensions, the left rear independent suspension and the right rear independent suspension are provided with upper cantilevers, lower cantilevers, left upper and lower cantilevers and left rear connecting discs, the right upper and lower cantilevers are provided with right rear connecting discs, the centers of the left rear connecting discs and the right rear connecting discs are provided with solid wheel shafts, 4 wheel shafts are provided with wheel hubs, a large bearing and a small bearing are arranged between the wheel hubs and the wheel shafts, shaft heads of the 4 wheel shafts are provided with outer snap springs, the inner circle of each wheel hub and the outer circle of each wheel shaft are provided with bearing stoppers, and the outer snap springs and the bearing stoppers act on the positioning of the wheel hubs; the multifunctional electric vehicle wheel is characterized in that annular plates are arranged on the outer circles of hubs of the multifunctional electric vehicle wheel, brake drums are arranged on the outer circles of the annular plates, the hubs, the annular plates and the brake drums are integrally manufactured and formed, upper brake shoes and lower brake shoes are arranged on the inner circles of the brake drums, hydraulic branch pumps are arranged between the upper brake shoes and the lower brake shoes, hydraulic branch pumps are provided with hydraulic pipes, electromagnetic throttle valves are arranged on the hydraulic pipes, 1 drum brake is composed of the hubs, the annular plates, the brake drums, the upper brake shoes, the lower brake shoes, the hydraulic branch pumps, the hydraulic pipes and the electromagnetic throttle valves, and the models of 4 drum brakes of the 4 multifunctional electric vehicle wheels are identical; the outer circles of the 4 connecting discs are provided with ring frames, the outer circles of the ring frames are provided with a left ultrathin bearing and a right ultrathin bearing, the middle parts of the outer circles of the ring frames are tightly matched with an annular iron core, the annular iron core is manufactured and molded by overlapping silicon steel sheets, the outer circles of the annular iron core are provided with a plurality of T-shaped teeth, a plurality of wire grooves are formed among the T-shaped teeth, three-phase coils are wound in the plurality of wire grooves, the three-phase coils all have an electric angle difference of 120 degrees, the three-phase coils are connected into Y-shaped circuit output, three Hall sensors are arranged in the plurality of wire grooves respectively, the electric angles of the three Hall sensors at intervals are different by 60 degrees, a three-phase output wire and output wires of the three Hall sensors are combined to form an output cable, the ring frames are provided with upper wire outlet holes, the connecting discs are provided with lower wire outlet holes; the outer circles of the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing are provided with magnetic conduction rings, the middle part of the inner circle of each magnetic conduction ring is provided with a permanent magnet ring, each permanent magnet ring is formed by arranging a plurality of square permanent magnets, each square permanent magnet is a strong magnet formed by manufacturing a neodymium iron boron material, the polarities of the square permanent magnets are radial, the polarities of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite to each other and are alternately arranged into a ring, the permanent magnet rings are adsorbed on the inner circle of the magnetic conduction rings and are adhered by AB glue, a uniform air gap is formed between the outer circle of the annular iron core and the inner circle of the permanent magnet ring, the inner stator of the annular iron core and the outer rotor of the permanent magnet ring form an outer rotor brushless low-; the 4 multifunctional electric wheels are provided with rims, tires are installed on the outer circles of the rims, a plurality of rim bolts are arranged on the circumferences of the middle parts of the rims, a plurality of screw holes are formed in the circumferences of the 4 annular plates and correspond to the rim bolts, and the 4 rims are fixed on the annular plates of the 4 drum brakes respectively through the rim bolts; the inner circumference of each rim is provided with a plurality of inner teeth, the outer circumference of each magnetic conduction ring is provided with a plurality of outer teeth, the number and the modulus of the inner teeth are the same as those of the outer teeth, uniform air gaps are formed between the inner teeth and the outer teeth, the inner teeth and the outer teeth are in loose fit engagement, and the inner teeth and the outer teeth form a large coupling so that the outer rotor of the permanent magnet ring does not bear the pressure of the load of the wheel when rotating along with the rim; the centers of a left hollow wheel shaft and a right hollow wheel shaft of the left front wheel and the right front wheel are respectively provided with a half shaft bearing, the inner circle of each half shaft bearing is provided with a half shaft, the outer end of each half shaft is provided with a transmission disc, the circumference of each transmission disc is provided with a plurality of screw holes corresponding to a plurality of rim bolts, the circumference of each transmission disc is positioned between the annular plate and the rims and fastened, the inner end of each half shaft is provided with external teeth, the outer circle of each external tooth is provided with a small coupling, the outer circle of each small coupling is provided with a universal joint, each universal joint is provided with a transmission shaft, the transmission mechanism at the left end of the engine is the same as the transmission mechanism at the right end of the engine and is symmetrical to the left end and the right end of the transmission, the left transmission shaft and the; the upper end of a car chassis is provided with a lithium battery pack, a central intelligent controller, an anti-lock brake controller, a left front wheel brushless motor controller, a right front wheel brushless motor controller, a left rear wheel brushless motor controller and a right rear wheel brushless motor controller, the power ends of 4 brushless motor controllers are connected with the output end of the lithium battery pack, the output ends of 4 brushless motor controllers are respectively connected with the three-phase output lines of 4 corresponding outer rotor brushless low-speed motors, the output lines of three Hall sensors of the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are respectively connected with the input ends of the 4 corresponding brushless motor controllers, when the outer rotor brushless low-speed motors rotate, the three Hall sensors output position phase-changing signals, so that the brushless motor controllers output rotating three-phase alternating-current voltages, the frequency of phase-changing pulses output by the Hall sensors is in direct proportion to the rotating speed of wheels, and the pulse signals output by the Hall sensors are converted into phase-changing signals through the anti-lock The wheel rotating speed signals, therefore, the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors not only provide the driving force of the middle and low speed stage for 4 wheels of the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile, but also have the functions of 4 wheel rotating speed sensors respectively; an accelerator pedal is arranged at the position of the right foot of the driver, a Hall speed regulator is arranged at the lower end of the accelerator pedal, and the output end of the Hall speed regulator is connected with the speed regulating ends of the 4 brushless motor controllers; the left end of an accelerator pedal is provided with a brake pedal, the lower end of the brake pedal is provided with a master cylinder and a brake Hall sensor, the master cylinder is provided with a hydraulic output pipe, the hydraulic output pipe is respectively communicated with 4 hydraulic pipes of drum brakes through a shunt, the output lines of 4 electromagnetic throttle valves are respectively connected with 4 output ends of an anti-lock brake controller, the output ends of 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motor Hall sensors are respectively connected with 4 corresponding input ends of the anti-lock brake controller, and 4 tire rotating speed calculation and comparison modules are arranged in the anti-lock brake controller; the driving platform is provided with a tire pressure automatic alarm, and 4 tire rotating speed calculation and comparison modules are arranged in the tire pressure automatic alarm; the output ends of Hall sensors of the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are respectively connected with the corresponding input ends of the tire air pressure automatic alarm, and a left front wheel air pressure alarm lamp, a right front wheel air pressure alarm lamp, a left rear wheel air pressure alarm lamp and a right rear wheel air pressure alarm lamp are arranged on a panel of the tire air pressure automatic alarm; the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile is provided with a central intelligent controller, the input end and the output end of the central intelligent controller are respectively connected with various sensors and servo motors on a transmission, and signals of the input end and the output end of the central intelligent controller are communicated with various sensors, an anti-lock brake controller, 4 brushless motor controllers, a tire air pressure automatic alarm, an accelerator hall speed regulator, a brake hall sensor, an accelerator regulating valve and an electromagnetic throttle valve of the engine.

The multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile has the advantages that: the multifunctional electric wheel can be conveniently modified from the original 4 wheels of the common car, so that the common car can be simply, effectively and directly upgraded and modified into a new energy car; the outer rotor brushless low-speed motor fully and reasonably utilizes the residual space between the rim and the drum brake, and the sealing effect and the supporting effect of the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing between the motor stator and the motor rotor have the significance that: the air gap between the inner circle of the supporting permanent magnet ring and the outer circle of the annular iron core is uniform and stable, the permanent magnet ring and the annular iron core are positioned in a sealed space between the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing, the permanent magnet ring and the annular iron core are isolated from the external severe environment, magnetic attraction pollution caused by dust and sundries is avoided, and under the action of the large coupler, the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing do not bear vehicle-mounted pressure, so that mechanical abrasion is small; when the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile runs at a medium-low speed stage, an accelerator pedal controls a Hall speed regulator, a lithium battery pack supplies power, 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are started, 4 multifunctional electric wheels simultaneously drive the automobile to run at a medium-low speed, a central intelligent controller controls an engine to stop fire, and a transmission is controlled to be located at a neutral position; when the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile runs at a medium-high speed stage, the central intelligent controller starts an engine, the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors stop running, an engine throttle regulating valve is automatically controlled, a transmission is controlled to automatically shift to a high-speed gear position, and when the voltage of the lithium battery pack drops to a rated value, the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors automatically charge the lithium battery pack through the 4 brushless motor controllers; the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile is intelligently controlled, so that intelligent matching of multiple powers is realized, the powers are automatically switched, and the gears are automatically shifted, so that the new energy automobile always works in an optimal energy-saving environment-friendly state; the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are equivalent to 4 wheel rotation speed sensors, when a brake pedal brakes, signals of a brake Hall sensor are sent to an anti-lock brake controller, the rotation speed signals of 4 wheels are calculated and compared through the anti-lock brake controller, when the rotation speed of the 4 wheels changes suddenly or differential signals appear, the anti-lock brake controller immediately controls 4 electromagnetic throttle valves respectively, the rotation speeds of the 4 wheels are kept equal all the time, the rotation speeds of the 4 wheels are quickly reduced to zero at the same change speed when the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile brakes emergently, the 4 wheels are not locked in the reduction process, the synchronous reduction process of the 4 wheels is short, the vehicle stops at a fast straight line, the sideslip phenomenon caused by wheel locking is avoided, and the driving safety of the vehicle is ensured; when a vehicle runs, the sizes of 4 tires are consistent, the air pressures of the 4 tires are consistent, the radiuses of the centers of the 4 tires from the ground are also consistent, the rotating speeds of the 4 wheels are naturally equal, after the rotating speed signals of the 4 wheels are calculated and compared by the automatic tire pressure alarm, the rotating speed pulse signals of the 4 wheels are basically consistent, no differential signal is generated, at the moment, 4 air pressure alarm lamps are turned off, the normal air pressure of the 4 tires is displayed, the air pressure of a certain tire is reduced due to abrasion or other faults, when the air pressure is reduced to a certain degree, the tire deforms, the radius of the centers of the tires from the ground is shortened, namely the tire becomes small, the rotating speed of the tire is increased, the differential signal of the rotating speed signals of the 4 wheels is generated, when the differential signal reaches a set value, one alarm lamp of the 4 air pressure alarm lamps is turned on, an alarm indicates that the air pressure of the, immediately stopping for inspection to avoid accidents; the anti-lock brake controller and the tire pressure automatic alarm make up two important functions of the new energy automobile related to driving safety.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a rear view cross section structure of a multifunctional multi-drive system of a new energy automobile.

Fig. 2 is a rear sectional view of the right front electric wheel.

FIG. 3 is a rear view cross-sectional view of the rear right electric wheel.

Detailed Description

The following description is made with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.

In the schematic diagrams of fig. 1, 2 and 3, the common car selected by the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile is an environment-friendly 4-wheel car with an automatic gear shifting function, the multifunctional electric wheel comprises an integrated wheel consisting of a connecting disc, a hub, a rim, a tire, an outer rotor brushless low-speed motor and a drum brake, wherein 4 multifunctional electric wheels have the same structure and are respectively arranged on respective independent suspensions, the 4 independent suspensions are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of a car chassis 1, an engine of a common car drives a left front wheel and a right front wheel, the left front wheel and the right front wheel are respectively provided with a front independent suspension 2, the left front independent suspension and the right front independent suspension are respectively provided with an upper cantilever 3 and a lower cantilever 4, the left upper cantilever and the lower cantilever are respectively provided with a left front connecting disc, the right upper cantilever and the lower cantilever are respectively provided with a right front connecting disc 5, and the centers of the left front connecting disc and the right front connecting disc are respectively provided with a hollow; the left and right rear wheels are provided with rear independent suspensions 7, the left rear independent suspension and the right rear independent suspension are provided with an upper cantilever 8 and a lower cantilever 9, the left upper cantilever and the lower cantilever are provided with a left rear connecting disc, the right upper cantilever and the lower cantilever are provided with a right rear connecting disc 10, the centers of the left rear connecting disc and the right rear connecting disc are provided with

solid wheel shafts

11, 4 wheel shafts are provided with wheel hubs 12, a large bearing 13 and a small bearing 14 are arranged between the wheel hubs and the wheel shafts, shaft heads of the 4 wheel shafts are provided with outer snap springs 15, the inner circle of each wheel hub and the outer circle of each wheel shaft are provided with bearing blocks, and the outer snap springs and the bearing blocks are used for positioning the wheel; the multifunctional electric vehicle wheel is characterized in that the outer circle of a hub of the multifunctional electric vehicle wheel is provided with an annular plate 16, the outer circle of the annular plate is provided with a brake drum 17, the hub, the annular plate and the brake drum are integrally manufactured and molded, the inner circle of the brake drum is provided with an upper brake shoe 18 and a lower brake shoe 19, a hydraulic slave cylinder is arranged between the upper brake shoe and the lower brake shoe, the hydraulic slave cylinder is provided with a hydraulic pipe, the hydraulic pipe is provided with an electromagnetic throttle valve, 1 drum brake is formed by the hub, the annular plate, the brake drum, the upper brake shoe, the lower brake shoe, the hydraulic slave cylinder, the hydraulic pipe and the electromagnetic throttle valve, and the models of 4 drum brakes; the outer circles of the 4 connecting discs are provided with a ring frame 20, the outer circles of the ring frame are provided with a left ultrathin bearing 21 and a right ultrathin bearing 22, the middle part of the outer circle of the ring frame is tightly matched with an annular iron core 23, the annular iron core is manufactured and molded by overlapping silicon steel sheets, the outer circle of the annular iron core is provided with a plurality of T-shaped teeth, a plurality of wire grooves are formed among the T-shaped teeth, three-phase coils 24 are wound in the plurality of wire grooves, the three-phase coils all have an electric angle difference of 120 degrees, the three-phase coils are connected into Y-shaped circuit output, three Hall sensors 25 are respectively arranged in the plurality of wire grooves, the electric angles of the three Hall sensors at intervals have an electric angle difference of 60 degrees, a three-phase output wire and output wires of the, the ring frame is provided with an upper wire outlet hole 27, the connecting disc is provided with a lower wire outlet hole 28, and the output cable passes through the upper wire outlet hole and penetrates out of the lower wire outlet hole; the outer circles of the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing are provided with magnetic conduction rings 29, the middle parts of the inner circles of the magnetic conduction rings are provided with permanent magnet rings 30, each permanent magnet ring is formed by arranging a plurality of square permanent magnets, the square permanent magnets are strong magnets formed by manufacturing neodymium iron boron materials, the polarities of the square permanent magnets are radial, the polarities of adjacent permanent magnets are opposite to each other and are alternately arranged into a ring, the permanent magnet rings are adsorbed on the inner circle of the magnetic conduction rings and are adhered by AB glue, a uniform air gap is formed between the outer circle of an annular iron core and the inner circle of the permanent magnet ring, an inner stator of the annular iron core and an outer rotor of the permanent magnet ring form an outer rotor brushless low-speed motor, and; the 4 multifunctional electric wheels are provided with rims 31, tires 32 are mounted on the outer circles of the rims, a plurality of rim bolts 33 are arranged on the circumferences of the middle parts of the rims, a plurality of screw holes are formed in the circumferences of the 4 annular plates and correspond to the rim bolts, and the 4 rims are fixed on the annular plates of the 4 drum brakes respectively through the rim bolts; the inner circumference of each rim is provided with a plurality of inner teeth 34, the outer circumference of each magnetic conduction ring is provided with a plurality of outer teeth 35, the number and the modulus of the inner teeth are the same as those of the outer teeth, uniform air gaps are formed between the inner teeth and the outer teeth, the inner teeth and the outer teeth are in loose fit engagement, the inner teeth and the outer teeth form a large coupling, and the large coupling enables the outer rotor of the permanent magnet ring to rotate along with the rim without bearing the pressure of the load of the wheel; the center of the left hollow wheel shaft and the center of the right hollow wheel shaft at the center of the left front wheel and the right front wheel are both provided with a half shaft bearing 36, the inner circle of the half shaft bearing is provided with a half shaft 37, the outer end of the half shaft is provided with a transmission disc 38, the circumference of the transmission disc is provided with a plurality of screw holes corresponding to a plurality of rim bolts, the circumference of the transmission disc is positioned between the annular plate and the rim and is fastened by the plurality of rim bolts, the inner end of the half shaft is provided with an external tooth 39, the outer circle of the external tooth is provided with a small coupling 40, the outer circle of the small coupling is provided with a universal joint 41, the universal joint is provided with a transmission shaft 42, the transmission mechanism at the left end of the engine is the same as the transmission mechanism at the right end, the transmission mechanism is symmetrical to the left end and the right end of the transmission; the upper end of the car chassis is provided with a lithium battery pack 43, a central intelligent controller 44, an anti-lock brake controller 45, a left front wheel brushless motor controller 46, a right front wheel brushless motor controller 47, a left rear wheel brushless motor controller 48 and a right rear wheel brushless motor controller 49, the power ends of 4 brushless motor controllers are connected with the output end of the lithium battery pack, the output ends of 4 brushless motor controllers are respectively connected with the three-phase output lines of the corresponding 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors, the output lines of three Hall sensors of the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are respectively connected with the input ends of the corresponding 4 brushless motor controllers, when the outer rotor brushless low-speed motors rotate, the three Hall sensors output position commutation signals, so that the brushless motor controllers output rotating three-phase alternating current voltages, the frequency of the output commutation pulses of the Hall sensors is in direct proportion to the rotating speed of wheels, pulse signals output by the Hall sensor are converted into wheel rotating speed signals through an anti-lock brake controller and a tire air pressure automatic alarm, so that 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors not only provide driving force in a middle and low speed stage for 4 wheels of a multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile, but also have the functions of 4 wheel rotating speed sensors respectively; an accelerator pedal is arranged at the position of the right foot of the driver, a Hall speed regulator is arranged at the lower end of the accelerator pedal, and the output end of the Hall speed regulator is connected with the speed regulating ends of the 4 brushless motor controllers; the left end of an accelerator pedal is provided with a brake pedal, the lower end of the brake pedal is provided with a master cylinder and a brake Hall sensor, the master cylinder is provided with a hydraulic output pipe, the hydraulic output pipe is respectively communicated with 4 hydraulic pipes of drum brakes through a shunt, the output lines of 4 electromagnetic throttle valves are respectively connected with 4 output ends of an anti-lock brake controller, the output ends of the Hall sensors of 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are respectively connected with 4 corresponding input ends of the anti-lock brake controller, and 4 tire rotating speed calculation and comparison modules are arranged in the anti-lock brake controller; the driving platform is provided with a tire pressure

automatic alarm

50, and 4 tire rotating speed calculation and comparison modules are arranged in the tire pressure automatic alarm; the output ends of Hall sensors of the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are respectively connected with the corresponding input ends of the tire air pressure automatic alarm, and a left front wheel air pressure alarm lamp 51, a right front wheel air pressure alarm lamp 52, a left rear wheel air pressure alarm lamp 53 and a right rear wheel air pressure alarm lamp 54 are arranged on the panel of the tire air pressure automatic alarm; the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile is provided with a central intelligent controller, the input end and the output end of the central intelligent controller are respectively connected with various sensors and servo motors on a transmission, and signals of the input end and the output end of the central intelligent controller are communicated with various sensors, an anti-lock brake controller, 4 brushless motor controllers, a tire air pressure automatic alarm, an accelerator hall speed regulator, a brake hall sensor, an accelerator regulating valve and an electromagnetic throttle valve of the engine.

The multifunctional electric wheel can be conveniently modified from the original 4 wheels of the common car, so that the common car can be simply, effectively and directly upgraded and modified into a new energy car; the outer rotor brushless low-speed motor fully and reasonably utilizes the residual space between the rim and the drum brake, and the sealing effect and the supporting effect of the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing between the motor stator and the motor rotor have the significance that: the air gap between the inner circle of the permanent magnet ring and the outer circle of the annular iron core is kept uniform and stable, the permanent magnet ring and the annular iron core are positioned in a sealed space between the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing and isolated from the external severe environment, magnetic attraction pollution caused by dust and sundries is avoided, and under the action of the large coupler, the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing do not bear vehicle-mounted pressure, so that mechanical abrasion is small; when the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile runs at a medium-low speed stage, an accelerator pedal controls a Hall speed regulator, a lithium battery pack supplies power, 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are started, 4 multifunctional electric wheels simultaneously drive the automobile to run at a medium-low speed, a central intelligent controller controls an engine to stop fire, and a transmission is controlled to be located at a neutral position; when the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile runs at a medium-high speed stage, the central intelligent controller starts the engine, controls the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors to stop running, controls the throttle regulating valve of the engine, and controls the transmission to automatically shift to a high-speed gear position according to the speed of the automobile; when the voltage of the lithium battery pack is reduced to a rated value, the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors automatically charge the lithium battery pack through the 4 brushless motor controllers; the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile is intelligently controlled, so that intelligent matching of multiple powers is realized, the powers are automatically switched, and the gears are automatically shifted, so that the new energy automobile always works in an optimal energy-saving environment-friendly state; the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are equivalent to 4 wheel rotation speed sensors, when a brake pedal brakes, signals of a brake Hall sensor are sent to an anti-lock brake controller, the rotation speed signals of 4 wheels are calculated and compared through the anti-lock brake controller, when the rotation speed of the 4 wheels changes suddenly or differential signals appear, the anti-lock brake controller immediately controls 4 electromagnetic throttle valves respectively, the rotation speeds of the 4 wheels are kept equal all the time, the rotation speeds of the 4 wheels are quickly reduced to zero at the same change speed when the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile brakes emergently, the 4 wheels are not locked in the speed reduction process, the synchronous speed reduction process of the 4 wheels is short, the automobile stops quickly, the side slip phenomenon caused by wheel locking is avoided, and the driving safety of the automobile is ensured; when a vehicle runs, the sizes of 4 tires are consistent, the air pressures of the 4 tires are consistent, the radiuses of the centers of the 4 tires from the ground are also consistent, the rotating speeds of the 4 wheels are naturally equal, after the rotating speed signals of the 4 wheels are calculated and compared by the automatic tire pressure alarm, the rotating speed pulse signals of the 4 wheels are basically consistent, no differential signal is generated, at the moment, 4 air pressure alarm lamps are turned off, the normal air pressure of the 4 tires is displayed, the air pressure of a certain tire is reduced due to abrasion or other faults, when the air pressure is reduced to a certain degree, the tire deforms, the radius of the centers of the tires from the ground is shortened, namely the tire becomes small, the rotating speed of the tire is increased, the differential signal of the rotating speed signals of the 4 wheels is generated, when the differential signal reaches a set value, one alarm lamp of the 4 air pressure alarm lamps is turned on, an alarm indicates that the air pressure of the, immediately stopping for inspection to avoid accidents; the anti-lock brake controller and the tire pressure automatic alarm make up two important functions of the new energy automobile related to driving safety.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional many actuating systems of new energy automobile, includes ordinary car, multi-functional electric wheel, outer rotor brushless low-speed motor, drum brake, ultra-thin bearing, shaft coupling, lithium cell group, central intelligent control ware, anti-lock brake controller, brushless motor controller, tire pressure autoalarm, throttle hall speed regulator, braking hall sensor, throttle governing valve, electromagnetism choke valve, its characterized in that: the common car selected by the new energy automobile multifunctional multi-drive system is an environment-friendly 4-wheel car with an automatic gear shifting function, the multifunctional electric wheel comprises connecting discs, a wheel hub, a wheel rim, a tire, an outer rotor brushless low-speed motor and a drum brake set, wherein 4 multifunctional electric wheels are identical in structure and are respectively installed on respective independent suspensions, the 4 independent suspensions are respectively installed at the front end and the rear end of a car chassis (1), an engine of a common car drives a left front wheel and a right front wheel, the left front wheel and the right front wheel are respectively provided with a front independent suspension (2), the left front independent suspension and the right front independent suspension are respectively provided with an upper cantilever (3) and a lower cantilever (4), the left upper cantilever and the lower cantilever are respectively provided with a left front connecting disc, the right upper cantilever and the lower cantilever are respectively provided with a right front connecting disc (5), and the centers of the left front connecting disc and the right front connecting disc are respectively provided with a hollow wheel shaft; the left and right rear wheels are provided with rear independent suspensions (7), the left rear independent suspension and the right rear independent suspension are provided with an upper cantilever (8), a lower cantilever (9), an upper left cantilever and a lower left cantilever are provided with a rear left connecting disc, the upper right cantilever and the lower right cantilever are provided with a rear right connecting disc (10), the centers of the rear left connecting disc and the rear right connecting disc are provided with solid wheel shafts (11), 4 wheel shafts are provided with wheel hubs (12), a large bearing (13) and a small bearing (14) are arranged between the wheel hubs and the wheel shafts, the shaft heads of the 4 wheel shafts are provided with outer snap springs (15), the inner circle of each wheel hub and the outer circle of each wheel shaft are provided with bearing stops, and the outer snap springs and the bearing stops act on the positioning; the multifunctional electric vehicle wheel is characterized in that annular plates (16) are arranged on the outer circles of hubs of the multifunctional electric vehicle wheel, brake drums (17) are arranged on the outer circles of the annular plates, the hubs, the annular plates and the brake drums are integrally manufactured, upper brake shoes (18) and lower brake shoes (19) are arranged on the inner circles of the brake drums, hydraulic slave pumps are arranged between the upper brake shoes and the lower brake shoes, hydraulic slave pumps are arranged on the hydraulic slave pumps, hydraulic pipes are arranged on the hydraulic slave pumps, electromagnetic throttle valves are arranged on the hydraulic pipes, 1 drum brake is formed by the hubs, the annular plates, the brake drums, the upper brake shoes, the lower brake shoes, the hydraulic slave pumps, the hydraulic pipes and the electromagnetic throttle valves, and the models; the ring frame is characterized in that a ring frame (20) is arranged on the outer circles of the 4 connecting discs, a left ultrathin bearing (21) and a right ultrathin bearing (22) are arranged on the outer circles of the ring frame, an annular iron core (23) is installed in the middle of the outer circle of the ring frame in a tight fit mode, the annular iron core is formed by overlapping and manufacturing silicon steel sheets, a plurality of T-shaped teeth are arranged on the outer circle of the annular iron core, a plurality of wire grooves are formed among the T-shaped teeth, three-phase coils (24) are wound in the plurality of wire grooves, all the three-phase coils have an electric angle difference of 120 degrees, the three-phase coils are connected into Y-shaped circuit output, three Hall sensors (25) are arranged in the plurality of wire grooves respectively, the electric angles of the three Hall sensors at intervals have an electric angle difference of 60 degrees, a strand of output cable (26) is combined with output wires of the three Hall sensors, an upper wire outlet (, the lower wire outlet hole penetrates out; the outer circles of the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing are provided with magnetic conduction rings (29), the middle part of the inner circle of each magnetic conduction ring is provided with a permanent magnet ring (30), each permanent magnet ring is formed by arranging a plurality of square permanent magnets, each square permanent magnet is a strong magnet formed by manufacturing neodymium iron boron materials, the polarities of the square permanent magnets are radial, the polarities of adjacent permanent magnets are opposite to each other and are alternately arranged into a ring, the permanent magnets are adsorbed on the inner circle of each magnetic conduction ring and are adhered by AB glue, a uniform air gap is formed between the outer circle of an annular iron core and the inner circle of each permanent magnet ring, an inner stator of the annular iron core and an outer rotor of each permanent magnet ring form an outer rotor brushless low-speed motor, and; the 4 multifunctional electric wheels are provided with rims (31), tires (32) are mounted on the outer circles of the rims, a plurality of rim bolts (33) are arranged on the middle circumferences of the rims, a plurality of screw holes are formed in the circumferences of the 4 annular plates and correspond to the rim bolts, and the 4 rims are respectively fixed on the annular plates of the 4 drum brakes through the rim bolts; the inner circumference of each rim is provided with a plurality of inner teeth (34), the outer circumference of each magnetic conduction ring is provided with a plurality of outer teeth (35), the number and the modulus of the inner teeth and the modulus of the outer teeth are the same, uniform air gaps are formed between the inner teeth and the outer teeth, the inner teeth and the outer teeth are in loose fit engagement, the inner teeth and the outer teeth form a large coupling, and the large coupling does not bear the pressure of the load of the wheel when the outer rotor of the permanent magnet ring rotates along with the rim; the centers of a left hollow wheel shaft and a right hollow wheel shaft at the centers of a left front wheel and a right front wheel are respectively provided with a half shaft bearing (36), the inner circle of each half shaft bearing is provided with a half shaft (37), the outer end of each half shaft is provided with a transmission disc (38), the circumference of each transmission disc is provided with a plurality of screw holes corresponding to a plurality of rim bolts, the circumference of each transmission disc is positioned between the annular plate and the rim and is fastened by a plurality of rim bolts, the inner end of each half shaft is provided with an external tooth (39), the excircle of each external tooth is provided with a small coupling (40), the excircle of each small coupling is provided with a universal joint (41), each universal joint is provided with a transmission shaft (, the left transmission shaft and the right transmission shaft are respectively connected with a left output shaft and a right output shaft of the engine transmission and respectively drive a left front wheel and a right front wheel, and the transmission has an automatic gear shifting function; the upper end of a car chassis is provided with a lithium battery pack (43), a central intelligent controller (44), an anti-lock brake controller (45), a left front wheel brushless motor controller (46), a right front wheel brushless motor controller (47), a left rear wheel brushless motor controller (48) and a right rear wheel brushless motor controller (49), the power ends of 4 brushless motor controllers are connected with the output end of the lithium battery pack, the output ends of 4 brushless motor controllers are respectively connected with the three-phase output lines of the corresponding 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors, the output lines of three Hall sensors of the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are respectively connected with the input ends of the corresponding 4 brushless motor controllers, when the brushless low-speed motors rotate, the three Hall sensors output position commutation signals to enable the brushless motor controllers to output rotating three-phase alternating current voltages, the frequency of the Hall sensors to output commutation pulses is in direct proportion to the rotating speed of wheels, pulse signals output by the Hall sensor are converted into wheel rotating speed signals through an anti-lock brake controller and a tire air pressure automatic alarm, so that 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors not only provide driving force in a middle and low speed stage for 4 wheels of a multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile, but also have the functions of 4 wheel rotating speed sensors respectively; an accelerator pedal is arranged at the position of the right foot of the driver, a Hall speed regulator is arranged at the lower end of the accelerator pedal, and the output end of the Hall speed regulator is connected with the speed regulating ends of the 4 brushless motor controllers; the left end of an accelerator pedal is provided with a brake pedal, the lower end of the brake pedal is provided with a master cylinder and a brake Hall sensor, the master cylinder is provided with a hydraulic output pipe, the hydraulic output pipe is respectively communicated with 4 hydraulic pipes of drum brakes through a shunt, the output lines of 4 electromagnetic throttle valves are respectively connected with 4 output ends of an anti-lock brake controller, the output ends of the Hall sensors of 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are respectively connected with 4 corresponding input ends of the anti-lock brake controller, and 4 tire rotating speed calculation and comparison modules are arranged in the anti-lock brake controller; the driving platform is provided with a tire pressure automatic alarm (50), and 4 tire rotating speed calculation and comparison modules are arranged in the tire pressure automatic alarm; the output ends of Hall sensors of the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are respectively connected with the corresponding input ends of a tire air pressure automatic alarm, and a left front wheel air pressure alarm lamp (51), a right front wheel air pressure alarm lamp (52), a left rear wheel air pressure alarm lamp (53) and a right rear wheel air pressure alarm lamp (54) are arranged on a panel of the tire air pressure automatic alarm; the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile is provided with a central intelligent controller, the input end and the output end of the central intelligent controller are respectively connected with various sensors and servo motors on a transmission, and signals of the input end and the output end of the central intelligent controller are communicated with various sensors, an anti-lock brake controller, 4 brushless motor controllers, a tire air pressure automatic alarm, an accelerator hall speed regulator, a brake hall sensor, an accelerator regulating valve and an electromagnetic throttle valve of the engine.

2. The multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile is characterized in that: the multifunctional electric wheel can be conveniently modified from the original 4 wheels of the common car, so that the common car can be simply, effectively and directly upgraded and modified into a new energy car; the outer rotor brushless low-speed motor fully and reasonably utilizes the residual space between the rim and the drum brake, and the sealing effect and the supporting effect of the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing between the motor stator and the motor rotor have the significance that: the air gap between the inner circle of the permanent magnet ring and the outer circle of the annular iron core is uniform and stable, the permanent magnet ring and the annular iron core are positioned in a sealed space between the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing, the permanent magnet ring and the annular iron core are isolated from the external severe environment, magnetic attraction pollution caused by dust and sundries is avoided, and the left ultrathin bearing and the right ultrathin bearing do not bear vehicle-mounted pressure and have small mechanical abrasion under the action of the large coupler; when the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile runs at a medium-low speed stage, an accelerator pedal controls a Hall speed regulator, a lithium battery pack supplies power, 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are started, 4 multifunctional electric wheels simultaneously drive the automobile to run at a medium-low speed, a central intelligent controller controls an engine to stop fire, and a transmission is controlled to be located at a neutral position; when the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile runs at a medium-high speed stage, the central intelligent controller starts the engine, controls the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors to stop running, controls the throttle regulating valve of the engine, and controls the transmission to automatically shift to a high-speed gear position according to the speed of the automobile; when the voltage of the lithium battery pack is reduced to a rated value, the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors automatically charge the lithium battery pack through the 4 brushless motor controllers; the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile is intelligently controlled, so that intelligent matching of multiple powers is realized, the powers are automatically switched, and the gears are automatically shifted, so that the new energy automobile always works in an optimal energy-saving environment-friendly state; the 4 outer rotor brushless low-speed motors are equivalent to 4 wheel rotation speed sensors, when a brake pedal brakes, signals of a brake Hall sensor are sent to an anti-lock brake controller, the rotation speed signals of 4 wheels are calculated and compared through the anti-lock brake controller, when the rotation speed of the 4 wheels changes suddenly or differential signals appear, the anti-lock brake controller immediately controls 4 electromagnetic throttle valves respectively, the rotation speeds of the 4 wheels are kept equal all the time, the rotation speeds of the 4 wheels are quickly reduced to zero at the same change speed when the multifunctional multi-drive system of the new energy automobile brakes emergently, the 4 wheels are not locked in the reduction process, the synchronous reduction process of the 4 wheels is short, the vehicle stops at a fast straight line, the sideslip phenomenon caused by wheel locking is avoided, and the driving safety of the vehicle is ensured; when a vehicle runs, the sizes of 4 tires are consistent, the air pressures of the 4 tires are consistent, the radiuses of the centers of the 4 tires from the ground are also consistent, the rotating speeds of the 4 wheels are naturally equal, after the rotating speed signals of the 4 wheels are calculated and compared by the automatic tire pressure alarm, the rotating speed pulse signals of the 4 wheels are basically consistent, no differential signal is generated, at the moment, 4 air pressure alarm lamps are turned off, the normal air pressure of the 4 tires is displayed, the air pressure of a certain tire is reduced due to abrasion or other faults, when the air pressure is reduced to a certain degree, the tire deforms, the radius of the centers of the tires from the ground is shortened, namely the tire becomes small, the rotating speed of the tire is increased, the differential signal of the rotating speed signals of the 4 wheels is generated, when the differential signal reaches a set value, one alarm lamp of the 4 air pressure alarm lamps is turned on, an alarm indicates that the air pressure of the, the alarm is given and the vehicle is immediately stopped for inspection, so that accidents are avoided; the anti-lock brake controller and the tire pressure automatic alarm make up two important functions of the new energy automobile related to driving safety.