CN112484855B - Method for correcting block effect of detector of interference imaging spectrometer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a block effect correction method, which solves the problem of the existing correction method for inconsistent response of a detector, neglecting the dynamic change of the detector blocking effect, the method can not be suitable for the technical problem of image non-uniformity correction of a large-field high-resolution interference imaging spectrometer, and provides a method for correcting the detector blocking effect of the interference imaging spectrometer, which comprises continuously collecting light source data by the interference imaging spectrometer under different brightness levels of an integrating sphere, dividing the collected data according to the time sequence and the preset time interval, then obtaining an average value image, averaging according to interference dimensions to obtain a space dimension block effect curve, then carrying out polynomial fitting to obtain a smooth curve for eliminating the block effect, and solving a blocking effect correction coefficient by a ratio method, and dividing data acquired by the interference imaging spectrometer with the blocking effect correction coefficient at corresponding time to obtain a blocking effect elimination interference image.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for correcting the block effect of a detector, in particular to a method for correcting the block effect of the detector of an interference imaging spectrometer.
Background
For a large-field high-resolution interferometric imaging spectrometer, a large detector area array is generally required to be configured due to the wide range and high resolution requirements of the acquired image. In the actual instrument manufacturing process, a large detector area array is generally formed by splicing a plurality of detectors, a CCD driving signal is transmitted to the CCD after passing through a driver, the phase relation between a spectrometer CCD (charge coupled device) horizontal driving signal and an AD sampling clock changes along with the temperature, the delay of the driver to the signal has ns-level drift along with the working temperature of the device, the sampling position drifts along with the imaging time, the position response of a splicing seam of the detectors changes along with the temperature and the time, and the block effect is formed.
At present, the correction method of the response inconsistency of the detector is usually used for correcting the inconsistency under the stable working condition, and the dynamic change of the block effect of the detector is ignored, so that the correction method cannot be applied to the correction of the image nonuniformity of the interference imaging spectrometer with the large field of view and the high resolution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for correcting a detector block effect of an interference imaging spectrometer, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing method for correcting the inconsistent response of the detector cannot be suitable for correcting the image nonuniformity of the interference imaging spectrometer with a large field of view and high resolution due to neglecting the dynamic change of the detector block effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the method for correcting the block effect of the detector of the interference imaging spectrometer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, continuously collecting light source data under different brightness levels of the integrating sphere through an interference imaging spectrometer;
s2, according to the time sequence, the light source data collected in the step S1 are divided according to the preset time interval to obtain a plurality of sections of light source data, continuous 50-100% frame images are selected from each section of light source data, the average value images are respectively obtained from the continuous 50-100% frame images selected from each section of light source data, and the average value images are respectively subjected to relative calibration;
s3, averaging the average value images relatively calibrated in the step S2 according to interference dimensions to obtain a plurality of space dimension blocking effect curves;
s4, performing polynomial fitting on each space dimension blocking effect curve to obtain a plurality of smooth curves for eliminating the blocking effect;
s5, obtaining a blocking effect correction coefficient at each corresponding time corresponding to a preset time interval by a ratio method according to the DN value corresponding to each space dimension blocking effect curve and the DN value corresponding to each corresponding smooth curve for eliminating the blocking effect;
and S6, carrying out relative calibration on the data acquired by the interference imaging spectrometer at each corresponding time, and obtaining a block effect elimination interferogram at the corresponding time through the corresponding block effect correction coefficient.
Further, the step S2 is specifically:
according to the time sequence, the light source data collected in the step S1 is segmented at 1 second intervals to obtain a plurality of segments of light source data, 100 continuous frames of images are selected from each segment of light source data, an average value image is respectively obtained for 100 continuous frames of images selected from each segment of light source data, and the average value images are respectively subjected to relative calibration.
Further, the step S3 is specifically:
averaging the average value images relatively scaled through step S2 according to the interference dimension by the following formula to obtain a plurality of space dimension block effect curves LineB(t)：
LineB(t)＝mean(Ic(t),Linestart,Lineend,dim)
Wherein, Ic(t) is the average value image, Line, relatively scaled through step S2startAnd LineendRespectively representing a starting position and an ending position, mean representing the average value, dim representing the latitude of the image row and column, and t representing the data acquisition time.
Further, the step S4 is specifically:
block effect curve Line for each spatial dimension by quadratic polynomial fittingB(t) performing smooth fitting, wherein points within 5% of the fitting position are selected for fitting, and extreme fitting weight exceeding six times of absolute deviation is made to be 0, so that a plurality of smooth curves Line for eliminating the block effect are obtainedBS(t)。
Further, the step S5 is specifically:
the block effect correction coefficient c (t) is obtained by the following formula:
where, readmat (, N) indicates the expansion of the image, and N indicates the number of times of expansion along the interference dimension.
Further, the step S6 is specifically:
s6.1, dark current removal, bad pixel correction and detector response correction are carried out on the data acquired at each corresponding time of the interference imaging spectrometer, and data I after relative calibration at each corresponding time is obtainedd(t)；
S6.2, obtaining the interference pattern I for eliminating the block effect by the following formuladc(t)：
Further, in step S2, the relative scaling includes dark current removal, bad pixel correction, and detector response correction.
Further, the step S1 is specifically: under the conditions of 15-30 ℃ of temperature, 20-70% of relative humidity and no external light source, light source data are continuously acquired by an interference imaging spectrometer under different brightness levels of an integrating sphere respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the block effect correction method for the detector of the interference imaging spectrometer, through a suggested acquisition platform built by the interference imaging spectrometer and an integrating sphere, data under each corresponding time in a long-time sequence can be utilized, and through interference dimension averaging, polynomial fitting and ratio calculation, block effect correction coefficients under each corresponding time are obtained; in addition, multi-frame averaging and interference dimensional averaging are used in the solving of the blocking effect correction coefficient, and the stability of the obtained coefficient is higher.
2. When the smooth curve for eliminating the block effect is calculated, points with large absolute value deviation are eliminated while local region fitting is used through quadratic polynomial fitting, the smooth curve for eliminating the block effect with higher precision can be obtained, and the stability and the accuracy of the finally obtained block effect correction coefficient are better.
3. The relative calibration processing in the invention removes the larger adverse effect in the collected data, and enables the subsequent processing to achieve better effect.
4. The interference imaging spectrometer is used for continuously acquiring light source data under different brightness levels of the integrating sphere under the conditions of set temperature, relative humidity and light source, so that the influence of the external environment on acquisition is reduced, and the acquisition stability and accuracy are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of calculating a blocking effect correction coefficient in the blocking effect correction method for the detector of the interference imaging spectrometer of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a fast view of an interference imaging spectrometer collecting integrating sphere data without eliminating the blocking effect;
FIG. 3 is an interference dimensional average curve of integrating sphere image data corresponding to FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an interference imaging spectrometer in the embodiment of the present invention when acquiring light source data of different brightness levels of an integrating sphere;
FIG. 5 is an average image obtained by averaging every 100 frames of data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a relatively scaled image of the average image obtained in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a comparison graph of the smoothing curve for eliminating the blocking effect and the average curve of the interference dimension after relative calibration according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a 60s blockiness correction coefficient obtained in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a contrast diagram of a process for correcting the blocking artifacts of an interferometric imaging spectrometer in accordance with embodiments of the present invention; the interference image analysis method comprises the following steps of (a) acquiring an original image by an interference imaging spectrometer, (b) obtaining a correction image after relative calibration, and (c) obtaining a block effect elimination interference image after correction of a block effect correction coefficient;
FIG. 10 is an interference dimension average contrast diagram of the block effect correction process of the interference imaging spectrometer according to the embodiment of the present invention; the method comprises the following steps of (a) obtaining an interference dimensional average corresponding to an original image acquired by an interference imaging spectrometer, (b) obtaining a correction image corresponding to the interference dimensional average after relative calibration, and (c) obtaining an interference dimensional average corresponding to a blocking effect elimination interference image after correction of a blocking effect correction coefficient;
FIG. 11 is a comparison of a process for performing mutual correction of different brightness levels using an embodiment of the present invention; the interference image analysis method comprises the following steps of (a) acquiring an original image by an interference imaging spectrometer, (b) obtaining a correction image after relative calibration, and (c) obtaining a block effect elimination interference image after correction of a block effect correction coefficient;
FIG. 12 is a graph of the mean contrast of the interference dimensions during mutual correction of different brightness levels using an embodiment of the present invention; the method comprises the steps of (a) obtaining an interference dimensional average corresponding to an original image acquired by an interference imaging spectrometer, (b) obtaining a correction image corresponding to the interference dimensional average after relative calibration, and (c) obtaining an interference dimensional average corresponding to a blocking effect eliminating interference image after correction of a blocking effect correction coefficient.
Wherein, the 1-integrating sphere and the 2-interference imaging spectrometer.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments do not limit the present invention.
The interferometric imaging spectrometer samples vary with temperature (time) causing blocking effects in the block output image, resulting in poor image uniformity. Fig. 2 is a fast view of integrating sphere data acquired by an interference imaging spectrometer at 1 second, and after dark current removal, bad pixel correction and detector response correction, it can be seen that the image still has obvious blocking effect, the spatial dimension difference curve (represented by interference dimension average) is shown in fig. 3, and the downward concave part of the curve represents the edge of the block.
The invention provides a method for correcting the block effect of a detector of an interference imaging spectrometer, which comprises the following steps that firstly, the interference imaging spectrometer is started to continuously collect stable light source data of an integrating sphere; then, calculating the average value of the corresponding multi-frame images according to a certain time interval, and carrying out relative calibration on the data; averaging the average value images after the relative calibration according to interference dimensions to obtain a space dimension block effect curve; then, carrying out polynomial fitting on the space dimension blocking effect curve to obtain a blocking effect elimination smooth curve, and dividing the DN value corresponding to the space dimension blocking effect curve by the DN value corresponding to the blocking effect elimination smooth curve to obtain a blocking effect correction coefficient; and finally, correcting the data acquired by the interference imaging spectrometer by using the block effect correction coefficient to obtain an interference pattern for eliminating the block effect.
As shown in fig. 1, the following embodiments are specifically taken as examples to explain the specific implementation method of the present invention:
step 1: specifically, data acquisition is performed as follows:
firstly, according to an acquisition scene of an integrating sphere 1 and an interference imaging spectrometer 2 shown in fig. 4, the interference imaging spectrometer 2 is made to face the integrating sphere 1, different light combinations in the integrating sphere 1 are turned on, and two brightness levels are obtained twice in this embodiment until the brightness of a light source is stable;
then, the interference imaging spectrometer 2 is turned on, and data is continuously collected for a period of time, which may be a time period when the interference imaging spectrometer 2 is turned on and works once.
When data collection is carried out, the ambient temperature is about 15-30 ℃, the relative humidity is 20-70%, and other irrelevant light sources in a laboratory are turned off.
Step 2: specifically, the average value image is obtained and relatively corrected as follows:
firstly, the data collected in the step 1 are segmented according to a time sequence and a preset time interval to obtain a plurality of sections of light source data, and continuous 50-100% frame images are selected from each section of light source data to respectively obtain an average value image. In this embodiment, data is divided according to a time sequence and a time interval of 1s, 100 continuous frames of data are selected from 143 frames of data of every 1s, multiple segments of light source data of different time sequences are obtained, and averaging is performed on every 100 frames of data, so as to obtain an average value image i (t) shown in fig. 5, where t represents data acquisition time.
Then, relative calibration is performed on the average value image I (t), including dark current removal, bad pixel correction and detector response correction, to obtain the average value image I shown in FIG. 6 after calibrationc(t)。
And step 3: specifically, a space dimension blocking effect curve is obtained according to the following mode:
averaging the relatively scaled average value image according to the interference dimension to obtain a block effect curve LineB(t)
LineB(t)＝mean(Ic(t),Linestart,Lineend,dim)
Wherein, Ic(t) is the average image, Line, of a relative calibration at a certain time pointstartAnd LineendRespectively, a start position and an end position, Line in this embodimentstartIs 150, LineendMean (x) is 256, mean (x) is the average value, dim is the image row and column dimensions (interference dimension is 1, space dimension is 2) when the average value is obtained, here, the interference dimensions are averaged to obtain LineB(t) is shown in FIG. 7. In addition, LinestartAnd LineendThe selection of the starting position and the ending position needs to avoid the influence of interference fringes, a uniform area far away from zero optical path difference is generally taken, the position about 70 pixels away from the zero optical path difference is taken as the starting position, and the ending position is generally to the edge of an image interference dimension.
And 4, step 4: specifically, polynomial fitting is carried out according to the following mode to obtain a smooth curve for eliminating the blocking effect:
the block effect curve of the space dimension is smoothly fitted,obtaining LineBS(t)：
LineBS(t)＝smooth(LineB(t))
Wherein smooth (×) represents a polynomial fitting function, a quadratic polynomial fitting is used here, 5% of points near the fitting position are selected for fitting, the fitting weight of the extreme value exceeding 6 times of absolute deviation is 0, and the obtained fitting curve, i.e., the smooth curve for eliminating the blocking effect is shown in fig. 7.
And 5: specifically, the blocking effect correction coefficient is obtained as follows:
obtaining a blocking effect correction coefficient C (t) by a ratio method:
wherein LineB(t) represents a spatial dimension blockiness curve, LineBS(t) represents the smooth curve for eliminating the blocking effect, and the readmat (×, N) represents the expansion of the image, and in this embodiment, represents the expansion N times along the interference dimension, and takes 256 values to obtain a correction coefficient consistent with the size of the original image, and the obtained 60s blocking effect correction coefficient is shown in fig. 8.
Step 6: specifically, the data of the interference imaging spectrometer is corrected by the block effect according to the following modes:
firstly, relative calibration is carried out on interference spectrometer data to be corrected, including dark current removal, bad pixel correction and detector response correction, and data I after relative calibration is obtainedd(t)；
Then, using the block effect correction coefficient C (t) under the corresponding time to correct the data after the relative calibration to obtain the interference pattern I for eliminating the block effectdc(t)：
As shown in fig. 9(a) which is an original image collected by the interference imaging spectrometer, fig. 9(b) which is a corrected image obtained after relative calibration, and fig. 9(c) which is a corrected image obtained after correction by the blocking effect correction coefficient, it can be seen from fig. 9(a), fig. 9(b) and fig. 9(c) that the blocking effect of the image is not resolved visually after correction, and the correction effect is good. In addition, as shown in fig. 10, the spatial dimension difference after correction is represented by interference dimension average, where fig. 10(a) is the interference dimension average corresponding to the original image collected by the interference imaging spectrometer, fig. 10(b) is the interference dimension average corresponding to the corrected image obtained after relative calibration, and fig. 10(c) is the interference dimension average corresponding to the corrected block effect correction coefficient, and it can be seen that the block sag of the spatial difference is almost completely eliminated after correction.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the blocking effect correction method of the present invention, in other embodiments of the present invention, the obtained blocking effect correction coefficient is further used to correct data of other luminance levels, for example, the coefficient correction average 2600 image block effect is obtained under the image average 1800, and the correction result is shown in fig. 11, for example, fig. 11(a) is an original image collected by an interference imaging spectrometer, fig. 11(b) is a correction image obtained after relative calibration, and fig. 11(c) is an image obtained after the correction of the blocking effect correction coefficient, so that the blocking effect is obviously reduced visually and is almost indistinguishable to the naked eye. The spatial dimension difference (represented by interference dimension average) after correction is as shown in fig. 12, fig. 12(a) is the interference dimension average corresponding to the original image collected by the interference imaging spectrometer, fig. 12(b) is the interference dimension average corresponding to the corrected image obtained after relative calibration, fig. 12(c) is the interference dimension average corresponding to the corrected block effect correction coefficient, and the recess condition of the spatial difference block is obviously weakened after correction. Therefore, the blocking effect correction method provided by the invention can also be applied to the mutual correction of the blocking effects of data with different brightness levels.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for correcting the block effect of a detector of an interference imaging spectrometer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, continuously collecting light source data under different brightness levels of the integrating sphere through an interference imaging spectrometer;
s2, according to the time sequence, the light source data collected in the step S1 are divided according to the preset time interval to obtain a plurality of sections of light source data, continuous 50-100% frame images are selected from each section of light source data, the average value images are respectively obtained from the continuous 50-100% frame images selected from each section of light source data, and the average value images are respectively subjected to relative calibration;
s3, averaging the average value images relatively calibrated in the step S2 according to interference dimensions to obtain a plurality of space dimension blocking effect curves;
s4, performing polynomial fitting on each space dimension blocking effect curve to obtain a plurality of smooth curves for eliminating the blocking effect;
s5, obtaining a blocking effect correction coefficient at each corresponding time corresponding to a preset time interval by a ratio method according to the DN value corresponding to each space dimension blocking effect curve and the DN value corresponding to each corresponding smooth curve for eliminating the blocking effect;
s6, collecting data by the interference imaging spectrometer, carrying out relative calibration on the data acquired by the interference imaging spectrometer at each corresponding time, and obtaining a block effect elimination interferogram at the corresponding time by the corresponding block effect correction coefficient obtained in the step S5.
2. The method for correcting the blocking artifact of the detector of the interference imaging spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 is specifically as follows:
according to the time sequence, the light source data collected in the step S1 is segmented at 1 second intervals to obtain a plurality of segments of light source data, 100 continuous frames of images are selected from each segment of light source data, an average value image is respectively obtained for 100 continuous frames of images selected from each segment of light source data, and the average value images are respectively subjected to relative calibration.
3. The method for correcting the block effect of the detector of the interference imaging spectrometer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step S3 is specifically as follows:
averaging the average value images relatively scaled through step S2 according to the interference dimension by the following formula to obtain a plurality of space dimension block effect curves LineB(t)：
LineB(t)＝mean(Ic(t),Linestart,Lineend,dim)
Wherein, Ic(t) is the average value image, Line, relatively scaled through step S2startAnd LineendRespectively representing a starting position and an ending position, mean representing the average value, dim representing the latitude of the image row and column, and t representing the data acquisition time.
4. The method for correcting the blocking artifact in the detector of the interference imaging spectrometer according to claim 3, wherein the step S4 is specifically as follows:
block effect curve Line for each spatial dimension by quadratic polynomial fittingB(t) performing smooth fitting, wherein points within 5% of the fitting position are selected for fitting, and extreme fitting weight exceeding six times of absolute deviation is made to be 0, so that a plurality of smooth curves Line for eliminating the block effect are obtainedBS(t)。
5. The method for correcting the blocking artifact of the detector of the interference imaging spectrometer according to claim 4, wherein the step S5 is specifically as follows:
the block effect correction coefficient c (t) is obtained by the following formula:
where, readmat (, N) indicates the expansion of the image, and N indicates the number of times of expansion along the interference dimension.
6. The method for correcting the blocking artifact in the detector of the interference imaging spectrometer according to claim 5, wherein the step S6 is specifically as follows:
s6.1, for each interference imaging spectrometerDark current removal, bad pixel correction and detector response correction are carried out on the data acquired under the corresponding time, and data I after relative calibration under the corresponding time is obtainedd(t)；
S6.2, obtaining the interference pattern I for eliminating the block effect by the following formuladc(t)：
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S2, the relative scaling includes dark current removal, bad pixel correction and detector response correction.
8. The method for correcting the blocking artifact of the detector of the interference imaging spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 is specifically as follows: under the conditions of 15-30 ℃ of temperature, 20-70% of relative humidity and no external light source, light source data are continuously acquired by an interference imaging spectrometer under different brightness levels of an integrating sphere respectively.
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