CN112438224A - Cultivation method and cultivation pond for cultivating and separating crayfishes in five crops in one year - Google Patents
Cultivation method and cultivation pond for cultivating and separating crayfishes in five crops in one year Download PDFInfo
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- CN112438224A CN112438224A CN202011521542.5A CN202011521542A CN112438224A CN 112438224 A CN112438224 A CN 112438224A CN 202011521542 A CN202011521542 A CN 202011521542A CN 112438224 A CN112438224 A CN 112438224A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for separating five-crop cultivation of crayfishes in one year, which improves the cultivation mode of the traditional crayfishes, separates crayfish seedling cultivation and adult crayfish cultivation, and controls the cultivation quantity and cultivation proportion of the crayfish seedlings and the adult crayfishes according to the area ratio of 3:7, and meanwhile, the alternate catching of the five-crop crayfishes is carried out in a cultivation area, so that the cultivation rhythm of the cultivation area and the cultivation density of the adult crayfishes are reasonably controlled, the cultivation method for separating five-crop cultivation in one year can obviously improve the growth speed of the crayfishes, shorten the cultivation period of the adult crayfishes, improve the acre yield of the adult crayfishes, thereby effectively improving the cultivation efficiency and increasing the cultivation income; the invention also provides a crayfish breeding pond matched with the breeding method, and the growth speed of crayfish seedlings can be improved in a seedling raising area in the middle of the breeding pond; the circular groove area arranged around the culture pond is used for culturing the shrimps in deep water, so that the growth of the grown shrimps can be effectively promoted and the proportion of the freshwater shrimps is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crayfish breeding, in particular to a breeding method and a breeding pond for crayfish breeding and separation in five crops in one year.
Background
In the past years, crayfish new openings are more, so that the demand of crayfish fries is high, one crayfish fry with high price is difficult to obtain, and even in 2019, the crayfish fries rise to 40 yuan/jin in maximum. Therefore, in the conventional crayfish breeding, the breeding households mainly adopt the traditional rice shrimp mode to breed shrimp fries for profit. But the crayfish fry breeding is saturated at present, and the crayfish fries are surplus in the market; meanwhile, due to the fact that the shrimp seedlings are blocked to be sold, the culture density is too high, the growing speed of the adult shrimps is slow, the adult shrimps cannot be sold enough, the supply of the adult shrimps in the market is short, and the price of the adult shrimps is continuously increased. Especially in 2020, the shrimp larvae are difficult to sell and the loss of farmers is serious due to the excess yield and the shrimp larvae price falling to 4-6 yuan/jin. Therefore, the traditional culture mode of young crayfish and adult crayfish must be improved to meet the market demand and increase the culture benefit of farmers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of excessive breeding of crayfish fries, overhigh breeding density of adult crayfish, slow growth of adult crayfish, low yield and low breeding yield of crayfish caused by unreasonable breeding mode of crayfish in the prior art, and provides a five-crop breeding and separating breeding method and a breeding pond for crayfish in one year. The separated breeding mode for breeding the crayfishes can reasonably control the breeding quantity and the breeding proportion of the crayfish seedlings and the adult crayfishes, effectively improve the growth speed of the adult crayfishes, shorten the breeding period of the adult crayfishes, regulate and control the breeding rhythm of the adult crayfishes, increase the breeding batches of the adult crayfishes within one year, improve the acre yield of the adult crayfishes, further effectively improve the breeding efficiency and increase the breeding income.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the five-crop cultivation and separation cultivation method for crayfishes in one year comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing the crayfish breeding area into a seedling raising area and a breeding area, wherein the area ratio of the seedling raising area to the breeding area is 3: 7;
s2, cultivating the crayfish seedlings in the seedling cultivation area in 1-6 months;
and S3, cultivating five batches of crayfish adult shrimps in the cultivation area in 3-6 months, wherein the cultivation period of each batch of crayfish adult shrimps is 30 days, the crayfish can grow out on the 16 th day of each batch of crayfish adult shrimp cultivation, and the period of each batch of crayfish adult shrimps is 15 days.
Preferably, the five-crop adult crayfish cultivation method comprises the following steps:
A. the first batch of crayfish is cultivated in the last ten days of 3 months to 4 months, shrimp seedlings with the specification of 90-150 catties are put in each mu, 40-55 catties are put in each mu, and the density is 6000 catties/mu, wherein the crayfish seedlings are cultivated in the first batch of crayfish in the last ten days of 3 months to 4 months;
B. the second-crop crayfish is bred in the period of 4-5 months, shrimp seedlings with the specification of 80-120 prawns/jin are thrown in the second-crop crayfish, and 20-30 jin are thrown in each mu; the density is 1600-;
C. the third crop of crayfish is cultivated in the last ten days of 4-5 months, shrimp seedlings with the specification of 90-100 crayfish/jin are thrown in each mu, and 20-25 jin are thrown in each mu; the density is 2000-;
D. the fourth batch of crayfish is bred in a period of 4-5 months, 120 crayfish seedlings with the specification of 100 plus one day are thrown in the pond, and 18-20 jin are thrown in each mu; the density is 1800 plus 2400 tails/mu;
E. the fifth crop of crayfish is cultivated in the period of 5-6 months, shrimp seedlings with the specification of 90-110 crayfish/jin are thrown in the fifth crop of crayfish, and 20-25 jin are thrown in each mu; the density is 2000-.
Preferably, in the step S3, the crayfish adult culture process uses crayfish high-grade puffed material for feeding, and the feed feeding rate is 5% -10%.
Preferably, the feed feeding rate of the third, fourth and fifth crayfishes in the adult crayfish breeding process is 5% -8%.
Preferably, in the steps S2 and S3, water quality management is performed during the cultivation of the young crayfish and the adult crayfish.
More preferably, the water quality management mainly comprises the following steps:
a. fertilizing water by using a first-stage fertilizer water agent in 3-4 months, wherein the first-stage fertilizer water agent comprises cane molasses, fulvic acid, amino acid, sodium humate and a potassium fertilizer;
b. fertilizing water by using a second-stage water fertilizing agent in 4-5 months, wherein the second-stage water fertilizing agent comprises composite probiotic viable bacteria, organic acid, digestive enzyme and antibacterial peptide;
c. and (5) fertilizing water by using a third stage fertilizer water agent for 5-6 months, wherein the third stage fertilizer water agent comprises a polypeptide product, high-activity compound bacteria and yeast powder, and the fermentation liquid is used once every half month.
Further preferably, in the steps S2 and S3, during the cultivation of young crayfish and adult crayfish, moss prevention and control is performed, sodium humate is sprayed to a moss area, moss is fished out after death, potassium hydrogen persulfate is used, and pond water culture is performed on algae after 2 days by using a pond carbon source supplement and an amino acid culture medium.
Still more preferably, in the steps S2 and S3, water plants including elodea nutans and hydrilla verticillata are planted during the cultivation of young crayfish and adult shrimps, the water plants being planted in north and south rows with a row spacing of 8-10 m and a plant spacing of 2 m.
The cultivation pond for cultivating and separating crayfishes in five crops in one year is a single-port pond, the single-port pond comprises a middle field surface and an annular ditch arranged on the periphery of the field surface, the middle field surface is a seedling culture area, the annular ditch is a cultivation area, a mechanical cultivation channel is transversely arranged in the annular ditch and connected with the inner side and the outer side of the annular ditch, the mechanical cultivation channel is consistent with the middle field surface in height, and a plurality of pipelines are arranged at the lower end of the mechanical cultivation channel along the annular ditch direction.
Preferably, a circle of ridge is arranged on the periphery of the seedling raising area, and a purse net is arranged on the ridge.
The shallow field area in the middle of the single pond is used for culturing the shrimp seeds, the water in the field area is shallow, the water temperature in the water conservation is high in early spring, and the shrimp seeds can emerge and grow early; according to the growth characteristics of the crayfish, the crayfish is more suitable for growing in a deep water area in the process of growing into the large crayfish, the deep water area is poor in light transmission, the water temperature is low, the light is weak, the proportion of the freshwater shrimps is improved, and the quality of the grown crayfish is improved, so that the circular ditch area on the periphery of the single-mouth pond is used for cultivating the grown crayfish. The crayfish breeding pond has the advantages that a large number of crayfish fries appear after every year of breeding, the density of the crayfish fries is too large and uncontrollable, and the growth of adult crayfish is seriously influenced, so that the crayfish fries in the adult crayfish breeding area need to be cleaned before the adult crayfish is bred every year, and then the adult crayfish can be bred. The invention utilizes the circular ditch area to breed the shrimp, can clean the shrimp seeds without influencing the shrimp seeds in the middle field area completely in the process of cleaning the shrimp seeds before breeding.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the breeding method improves the traditional crayfish breeding mode, separates crayfish fry breeding and shrimp forming breeding, and controls the breeding quantity and the breeding proportion of crayfish fries and shrimps by the ratio of the breeding area to the shrimp forming breeding area being 3: 7; meanwhile, the five-crop crayfishes are placed in rotation and caught in the breeding area, the five-crop crayfish breeding periods are crossed, the breeding rhythm of the breeding area and the breeding density of the crayfishes are reasonably controlled, and the breeding time and the breeding space can be utilized to the maximum extent; therefore, the cultivation method of five-crop cultivation and separation in one year can obviously improve the growth speed of the grown shrimps, shorten the cultivation period of the grown shrimps and improve the acre yield of the grown shrimps, thereby effectively improving the cultivation efficiency and increasing the cultivation income;
secondly), the special culture pond matched with the culture method is adopted, and the growth speed of the crayfish seedlings can be improved in the seedling culture area in the middle of the culture pond; the annular ditch area arranged around the aquaculture pond is used for culturing the shrimps in deep water, so that the growth of the grown shrimps can be effectively promoted, the deep water area is favorable for improving the proportion of the freshwater shrimps, the quality of the grown shrimps is improved, and the influence on the shrimp seedlings in the seedling culture area can be completely avoided in the annual shrimp seedling cleaning process of the grown shrimp culture area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-circular ditches, 2-middle field surfaces, 3-purse nets, 4-ridges, 5-mechanical ploughing channels and 6-pipelines.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the crayfish breeding pond is a single-mouth pond, the single-mouth pond comprises a middle field surface 2 and a circular trench 1 arranged on the periphery of the middle field surface 2, the middle field surface 2 is a breeding area, the circular trench 1 is a growing area, and the area ratio of the breeding area to the growing area is 3: 7. The mechanical cultivation channel 5 is transversely arranged in the annular ditch 1, the mechanical cultivation channel 5 is connected with the inner side and the outer side of the annular ditch 1, machines can conveniently reach a seedling raising area in the middle of a pond to operate, the mechanical cultivation channel 5 is consistent with the height of the middle field surface 2, a plurality of pipelines 6 are arranged at the lower end of the mechanical cultivation channel 5 along the direction of the annular ditch 1, and the pipelines 6 facilitate the circulation of water in the annular ditch 1. A circle of ridges 4 are arranged on the periphery of the middle field surface 2, so that shallow water can be conveniently stored in the middle field surface 2. The water level in the circular ditch 1 is shallow as the temperature rises in summer along with the culture, and the water level in the circular ditch 1 gradually rises until the water level is flush with a field ridge 4 on the periphery of the middle field surface 2, and the field ridge 4 is provided with the purse net 3 to prevent shrimp seedlings or formed shrimps from climbing out.
Example 2
Shrimp fry breeding and adult shrimp breeding are carried out on the basis of the embodiment 1, the breeding area is 30 mu, the breeding area is 9 mu, and the adult area is 21 mu. The crayfish breeding method is characterized in that crayfish seedlings are early, large and neat in specification, pond cleaning and pond drying are carried out from 9 months in the first year, pond water is drained, trash fish is killed through tea cakes, water is added after 7 days of airing, an organic acid product is used for detoxification, amino acid fertilizer water products are used for fertilizing water, ionized calcium and sodium humate are supplemented for sun shading and heat preservation, and high-grade crayfish feed is fed for 12 months to 6 months in the current year. Shrimp larvae are produced from 3 months of the year until 6 months.
And the first batch of shrimp seedlings are thrown in the culture area from 3 months for adult shrimp culture until 6 months finish.
Feeding 100 crayfish seedlings in a specification of 100 crayfish/jin in 3 months and 10 days, feeding 50 jin in each mu, feeding 5000 crayfish/mu in density, and feeding high-grade expanded crayfish in a feeding rate of 6% every day; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 25 days in 3 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 10 days in 4 months.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 110 crayfish/jin in 4 months and 2 days, feeding 30 jin in each mu, feeding the crayfish high-grade expanded material with the density of 3300 crayfish/mu, and feeding the crayfish with the feeding rate of 7 percent in each day; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 18 days in 4 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 2 days in 5 months.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 90 crayfish/jin in 4-month and 10-day, feeding 22 jin in each mu, feeding the crayfish with the density of 1980 crayfish/mu, and feeding the crayfish with high-grade expanded material every day, wherein the feeding rate is 8%; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 25 days in 4 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 10 days in 5 months.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 120 crayfish/jin in 25 days in 4 months, feeding 20 jin in each mu, feeding the crayfish high-grade expanded material with the density of 2400 crayfish/mu in each day, and feeding the crayfish with the feeding rate of 8 percent; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 10 days in 5 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 25 days in 5 months.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 100 crayfish/jin in 5-month and 2-day periods, feeding 20 jin in each mu, feeding the crayfish high-grade expanded material with the density of 2000 crayfish/mu, and feeding the crayfish with the feeding rate of 7 percent in each day; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 5 months and 17 days, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 6 months and 2 days.
And performing water quality management, green moss prevention and control and aquatic weed planting in the stages of crayfish seedling cultivation and adult shrimp cultivation.
The water quality management is as follows: fertilizing water by using a first-stage fertilizer water agent in 3-4 months, wherein the first-stage fertilizer water agent comprises cane molasses, fulvic acid, amino acid, sodium humate and a potash fertilizer; fertilizing water by using a second-stage fertilizer agent in 4-5 months, wherein the second-stage fertilizer agent comprises composite probiotic viable bacteria, organic acid, digestive enzyme and antibacterial peptide; and (5) fertilizing water by using a third stage fertilizer water agent for 5-6 months, wherein the third stage fertilizer water agent comprises a polypeptide product, high-activity compound bacteria and yeast powder, and the fermentation liquid is used once every half month.
And the moss prevention and control comprises the steps of sprinkling sodium humate in a moss area, fishing out the moss after the moss dies, and then using potassium hydrogen persulfate to culture water algae in the pond by using a pond carbon source supplement and an amino acid culture medium after 2 days.
The waterweeds are mainly planted with the waterweeds and the hydrilla verticillata, the waterweeds are planted in rows from north to south, the row spacing is 8 meters, and the plant spacing is 2 meters.
Example 3
Shrimp fry breeding and adult shrimp breeding are carried out on the basis of the embodiment 1, the breeding area is 30 mu, the breeding area is 9 mu, and the adult area is 21 mu. The crayfish breeding method is characterized in that crayfish seedlings are early, large and neat in specification, pond cleaning and pond drying are carried out from 9 months in the first year, pond water is drained, trash fish is killed through tea cakes, water is added after the crayfish is dried for 15 days, an organic acid product is used for detoxification, amino acid fertilizer water products are used for fertilizing water, meanwhile, ionized calcium and sodium humate are supplemented for sun shading and heat preservation, and high-grade crayfish feed is fed in 12 months to 6 months in the year. Shrimp larvae are produced from 3 months of the year until 6 months.
And the first batch of shrimp seedlings are thrown in the culture area from 3 months for adult shrimp culture until 6 months finish.
Feeding 150 prawns/jin in 3-12 months in the first batch of crayfish, feeding 40 jin in each mu, feeding 6000 kg in density, feeding high-grade expanded crayfish in each day, and feeding the crayfish with a feeding rate of 10%; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage at 27 days after 3 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing at 12 days after 4 months.
Feeding 80 crayfish seedlings in a specification of 80 crayfish/jin in 4 months and 3 days, feeding 20 jin in each mu, feeding the crayfish high-grade expanded material with a density of 1600 crayfish/mu, and feeding the crayfish with a feeding rate of 9 percent in each day; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 18 days in 4 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 2 days in 5 months.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 100 crayfish/jin in 12 days in 4 months in the third crayfish crop, feeding 25 jin in each mu, wherein the density is 2500 crayfish/mu, feeding high-grade expanded crayfish in each day, and feeding the crayfish with the feeding rate of 8%; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage at 27 days after 4 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing at 12 days after 5 months.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 100 crayfish/jin in 23 days 4 months, feeding 21 jin in each mu, feeding the crayfish high-grade expanded material with the density of 2100 crayfish/mu, and feeding the crayfish with the feeding rate of 5 percent in each day; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 5 months and 8 days, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 5 months and 23 days.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 110 crayfish/jin in 5-month-2-day fifth crop, feeding 20 jin in each mu, feeding the crayfish seedlings with the density of 2200 crayfish/mu, feeding high-grade expanded crayfish materials in each day, and feeding the crayfish seedlings with the feeding rate of 8%; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 5 months and 17 days, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 6 months and 2 days.
And performing water quality management, green moss prevention and control and aquatic weed planting in the stages of crayfish seedling cultivation and adult shrimp cultivation.
The water quality management is as follows: fertilizing water by using a first-stage fertilizer water agent in 3-4 months, wherein the first-stage fertilizer water agent comprises cane molasses, fulvic acid, amino acid, sodium humate and a potash fertilizer; fertilizing water by using a second-stage fertilizer agent in 4-5 months, wherein the second-stage fertilizer agent comprises composite probiotic viable bacteria, organic acid, digestive enzyme and antibacterial peptide; and (5) fertilizing water by using a third stage fertilizer water agent for 5-6 months, wherein the third stage fertilizer water agent comprises a polypeptide product, high-activity compound bacteria and yeast powder, and the fermentation liquid is used once every half month.
And the moss prevention and control comprises the steps of sprinkling sodium humate in a moss area, fishing out the moss after the moss dies, and then using potassium hydrogen persulfate to culture water algae in the pond by using a pond carbon source supplement and an amino acid culture medium after 2 days.
The waterweeds are mainly planted with the waterweeds and the hydrilla verticillata, the waterweeds are planted in rows from north to south, the row spacing is 9 meters, and the plant spacing is 2 meters.
Example 4
Shrimp fry breeding and adult shrimp breeding are carried out on the basis of the embodiment 1, the breeding area is 30 mu, the breeding area is 9 mu, and the adult area is 21 mu. The crayfish breeding method is characterized in that crayfish seedlings are early, large and neat in specification, pond cleaning and pond drying are carried out from 9 months in the first year, pond water is drained, trash fish is killed through tea cakes, water is added after the crayfish is dried for 13 days, an organic acid product is used for detoxification, amino acid fertilizer water products are used for fertilizing water, meanwhile, ionized calcium and sodium humate are supplemented for sun shading and heat preservation, and high-grade crayfish feed is fed in 12 months to 6 months in the year. Shrimp larvae are produced from 3 months of the year until 6 months.
And the first batch of shrimp seedlings are thrown in the culture area from 3 months for adult shrimp culture until 6 months finish.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 90 crayfish/jin in 3-month and 12-day first crayfish, feeding 55 jin in each mu, feeding the crayfish with the density of 4950 crayfish/mu, and feeding the crayfish with high-grade expanded material every day, wherein the feeding rate is 10%; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage at 27 days after 3 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing at 12 days after 4 months.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 120 crayfish/jin in 4 months and 2 days, feeding 25 jin in each mu, feeding the crayfish seedlings with the density of 3000 crayfish/mu, and feeding the crayfish high-grade expanded material every day, wherein the feeding rate is 10%; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 18 days in 4 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 2 days in 5 months.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 100 crayfish/jin in 4 months and 10 days, feeding 20 jin in each mu, feeding the crayfish high-grade expanded material with the density of 2000 crayfish/mu, and feeding the crayfish with the feeding rate of 8 percent in each day; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 25 days in 4 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 10 days in 5 months.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 100 crayfish/jin in 27 days in 4 months, feeding 18 jin in each mu, feeding the crayfish high-grade expanded material with the density of 1800 crayfish/mu, and feeding the crayfish with the feeding rate of 7 percent in each day; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 12 days in 5 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 27 days in 5 months.
Feeding crayfish seedlings with the specification of 90 crayfish/jin in 5 months and 5 days in the fifth crop, feeding 25 crayfish/jin in each mu, wherein the density is 2250 crayfish/mu, feeding high-grade crayfish expanded materials in each day, and feeding the crayfish with the feeding rate of 6 percent; and fishing large-sized adult shrimps for sale by using a large-aperture ground cage after 20 days in 5 months, fishing once every two days, and stopping fishing after 5 days in 6 months.
The high-grade crayfish puffed material used in the embodiment is Tongwei crayfish puffed compound feed 8635 or Tongwei crayfish puffed compound feed 8636.
And performing water quality management, green moss prevention and control and aquatic weed planting in the stages of crayfish seedling cultivation and adult shrimp cultivation.
The water quality management is as follows: fertilizing water by using a first-stage fertilizer water agent in 3-4 months, wherein the first-stage fertilizer water agent comprises cane molasses, fulvic acid, amino acid, sodium humate and a potash fertilizer; fertilizing water by using a second-stage fertilizer agent in 4-5 months, wherein the second-stage fertilizer agent comprises composite probiotic viable bacteria, organic acid, digestive enzyme and antibacterial peptide; and (5) fertilizing water by using a third stage fertilizer water agent for 5-6 months, wherein the third stage fertilizer water agent comprises a polypeptide product, high-activity compound bacteria and yeast powder, and the fermentation liquid is used once every half month.
And the moss prevention and control comprises the steps of sprinkling sodium humate in a moss area, fishing out the moss after the moss dies, and then using potassium hydrogen persulfate to culture water algae in the pond by using a pond carbon source supplement and an amino acid culture medium after 2 days.
The waterweeds are mainly planted with the waterweeds and the hydrilla verticillata, the waterweeds are planted in rows from north to south, the row spacing is 10 meters, and the plant spacing is 2 meters.
Comparative experiment of breeding benefit
The test method comprises the following steps: the test comprises a test group and a control group. The 3 ponds of the test group are respectively marked as a test group A, a test group B and a test group C, and the test group A, the test group B and the test group C are cultured according to the culture methods in the embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 respectively; the aquaculture ponds of the test group A, the test group B and the test group C are all arranged according to the structure of the aquaculture pond in the implementation 1, and the aquaculture area is 30 mu. 3 ponds of the control group are respectively marked as a control group a, a control group b and a control group c; the control group a, the control group b and the control group c are all cultured according to the existing three-crop conventional culture method in one year, and the culture area is 30 mu. The test time was 1 year. The test results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 weight table for catching adult shrimps
TABLE 2 cultivation benefit table for adult shrimps
| Categories | Feed costs (Yuan/mu) | Adult shrimp average price (Yuan/jin) | Cultivation income (Yuan/mu) |
| Test group A | 1266 | 13.8 | 7014 |
| Test group B | 1800 | 13.8 | 6907 |
| Test group C | 1666 | 13.8 | 7000 |
| Control group a | 166 | 13.8 | 1145 |
| Control group b | 175 | 13.8 | 1246 |
| Control group c | 166 | 13.8 | 1186 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the shrimp-forming yield per mu of the test group is over 600 jin, the shrimp-forming yield per mu of the control group is only about 100 jin, and the shrimp-forming yield per mu of the test group is 6 times that of the control group, so that compared with the conventional culture method, the culture method provided by the invention can effectively shorten the culture period of the shrimp, improve the growth speed of the shrimp, improve the utilization rate of culture time and culture space, and greatly improve the shrimp-forming yield per mu.
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the acre income of the adult shrimps of the test group is about 7000 yuan, the acre income of the adult shrimps of the control group is only more than 1000 yuan, and the acre income of the adult shrimps of the test group is more than 6 times that of the adult shrimps of the control group, so that compared with the conventional culture method, the culture method disclosed by the invention can greatly improve the culture benefit.
The present specification and figures are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and it is intended that all such alterations and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention, and that all such modifications and variations are included within the scope of the invention as determined by the appended claims without the use of inventive faculty.
Claims (10)
1. The five-crop cultivation and separation cultivation method for crayfishes in one year is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, dividing the crayfish breeding area into a seedling raising area and a breeding area, wherein the area ratio of the seedling raising area to the breeding area is 3: 7;
s2, cultivating the crayfish seedlings in the seedling cultivation area in 1-6 months;
and S3, cultivating five batches of crayfish adult shrimps in the cultivation area in 3-6 months, wherein the cultivation period of each batch of crayfish adult shrimps is 30 days, the crayfish can grow out on the 16 th day of each batch of crayfish adult shrimp cultivation, and the period of each batch of crayfish adult shrimps is 15 days.
2. The farming method of claim 1 wherein the farming of five crayfish adult shrimp comprises the steps of:
A. the first batch of crayfish is cultivated in the last ten days of 3 months to 4 months, shrimp seedlings with the specification of 90-150 catties are put in each mu, 40-55 catties are put in each mu, and the density is 6000 catties/mu, wherein the crayfish seedlings are cultivated in the first batch of crayfish in the last ten days of 3 months to 4 months;
B. the second-crop crayfish is bred in the period of 4-5 months, shrimp seedlings with the specification of 80-120 prawns/jin are thrown in the second-crop crayfish, and 20-30 jin are thrown in each mu; the density is 1600-;
C. the third crop of crayfish is cultivated in the last ten days of 4-5 months, shrimp seedlings with the specification of 90-100 crayfish/jin are thrown in each mu, and 20-25 jin are thrown in each mu; the density is 2000-;
D. the fourth batch of crayfish is bred in a period of 4-5 months, 120 crayfish seedlings with the specification of 100 plus one day are thrown in the pond, and 18-20 jin are thrown in each mu; the density is 1800 plus 2400 tails/mu;
E. the fifth crop of crayfish is cultivated in the period of 5-6 months, shrimp seedlings with the specification of 90-110 crayfish/jin are thrown in the fifth crop of crayfish, and 20-25 jin are thrown in each mu; the density is 2000-.
3. The culture method of claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the crayfish adult culture process uses crayfish high-grade puffed material for feeding, and the feed feeding rate is 5% -10%.
4. The culture method of claim 3, wherein the feed feeding rate of the third, fourth and fifth crayfishes in the adult crayfish culture process is 5-8%.
5. The culture method of claim 1, wherein in the steps S2 and S3, water quality management is performed during the culture of the young crayfish and the adult crayfish.
6. The culture method according to claim 5, wherein the water quality management mainly comprises the steps of:
a. fertilizing water by using a first-stage fertilizer water agent in 3-4 months, wherein the first-stage fertilizer water agent comprises cane molasses, fulvic acid, amino acid, sodium humate and a potassium fertilizer;
b. fertilizing water by using a second-stage water fertilizing agent in 4-5 months, wherein the second-stage water fertilizing agent comprises composite probiotic viable bacteria, organic acid, digestive enzyme and antibacterial peptide;
c. and (5) fertilizing water by using a third stage fertilizer water agent for 5-6 months, wherein the third stage fertilizer water agent comprises a polypeptide product, high-activity compound bacteria and yeast powder, and the fermentation liquid is used once every half month.
7. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the steps S2 and S3, during the cultivation of young and adult crayfish, moss prevention and control is performed, sodium humate is sprayed on a moss area, moss is fished out after death, and then pond water cultivation is performed on algae by using the pond carbon source supplement and the amino acid culture medium after 2 days by using the potassium hydrogen persulfate.
8. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the steps S2 and S3, water plants including waterweed and hydrilla verticillata are planted in rows in south and north with a row spacing of 8-10 m and a plant spacing of 2 m during the cultivation of young and adult lobsters.
9. The cultivation pond for cultivating and separating the crayfishes in five crops in one year is characterized in that the crayfish cultivation pond is a single-port pond, the single-port pond comprises a middle field surface and a circular ditch arranged on the periphery of the field surface, the middle field surface is a seedling raising area, the circular ditch is a cultivation area, a mechanical cultivation channel is transversely arranged in the circular ditch and is connected with the inner side and the outer side of the circular ditch, the mechanical cultivation channel is consistent with the middle field surface in height, and a plurality of pipelines are arranged at the lower end of the mechanical cultivation channel along the direction of the circular ditch.
10. The culture pond according to claim 9, wherein a circle of ridge is arranged on the periphery of the seedling culture area, and a fence is arranged on the ridge.
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