CN112335580A - Ecological breeding method for loaches with high survival rate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a high-survival-rate loach ecological breeding method which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: step one, preparing a breeding pond; step two, parent selection; step three, pretreating parent loaches; step four, spawning and hatching; step five, temporarily culturing the water flowers; step six, two-stage reinforced cultivation; and seventhly, putting the seedlings into a pond and putting the seedlings. The artificial spawning induction method is adopted to shorten the spawning period of the loaches and improve the breeding efficiency; the fertilized eggs are incubated in running water, so that oxygen deficiency caused by the deposition of the fertilized eggs at the bottom of the pond is avoided; the dense net and the dilute net are matched, so that the fertilized eggs are effectively prevented from being eaten by the parents by mistake, and the hatchability is improved; by adopting a two-stage cultivation method, the survival rate is improved and reaches up to 40 percent from the growth of the alternanthera philoxeroides to the growth of the black peanuts.

Description

Ecological breeding method for loaches with high survival rate

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic product breeding methods, in particular to a high-survival-rate loach ecological breeding method.

Background

Loaches have the advantages of high protein content, low fat content, fresh and tender meat, delicious taste and the like, and are widely favored by people due to high nutritional value and medicinal value. In recent years, the number of loaches in natural environment is reduced sharply due to excessive fishing and the use of a large amount of harmful substances such as pesticides which are not beneficial to the growth of the loaches in farmlands, so that an artificial breeding mode is developed, and the breeding of the loaches in the artificial breeding process is the key for improving the yield. In the prior art, the fertility rate of loaches and the survival rate of large-size loaches growing to 5-8cm are both low, and the loach yield is severely limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a high-survival-rate loach ecological breeding method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a high-survival-rate loach ecological breeding method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

step one, preparing a breeding pool: in spring, a breeding pond with a water inlet and a water outlet is built by using silica, a plurality of sub-breeding ponds with the length of 4-6m, the width of 1.5-2.5m and the depth of 0.6-0.8m are separated by using plastic bags filled with soil, a dense net with the mesh diameter smaller than that of loach seeds is firstly paved at the bottom of each sub-breeding pond, then a thin net with the mesh diameter larger than that of the loach seeds is paved on the dense net, and the edges of the dense net and the thin net extend to the edge of the breeding pond; a circulating water inlet pipe is prepared at the water inlet, the flow of the water inlet pipe is controlled to be 0.2L/s, and the quicklime water is used for sprinkling and disinfecting the whole pool before watering;

step two, parent selection: selecting female loaches and live and fresh male loaches just before parturition, wherein the quantity ratio of the female loaches to the live and fresh male loaches is as follows: female loaches: 1, male loach: 1.2-1.5;

step three, pretreating parent loaches: firstly, sterilizing the loaches of parents once, then carrying out induced spawning injection, wherein the dosage of the induced spawning needle is 0.2 mg/loach of female loaches and 0.1 mg/loach of male loaches, and sterilizing the loaches of the parents once after the induced spawning needle is used;

step four, spawning and hatching: putting the pretreated male and female loaches of the parents into prepared breeding ponds, putting 6-8kg of parent loaches into each sub-breeding pond, wherein the water depth of each breeding pond is 30-35cm, the water temperature is 22-24 ℃, and oxygen is always filled during breeding; when the egg laying rate of the loaches reaches 80%, pulling up the sparse net in the breeding pond, and allowing fertilized eggs of the loaches to timely leak to the dense net below the fertilized eggs so as to prevent the generated eggs from being eaten by male parents; demoulding after 3 days, and sprouting after 4-5 days, wherein parent loaches which lay eggs are transferred in time;

step five, temporarily culturing the water flowers: continuously culturing the incubated water bloom in a breeding pond for 5-7 days, controlling the water temperature to be 20-25 ℃ during temporary culture, continuously oxygenating live water, and feeding loach larvae with hatch materials in time 24 hours after the loach larvae are deciduated;

step six, two-stage reinforced cultivation: the first-stage cultivation is to cultivate loach water flowers into black-fish fries, wherein the cultivation time is 1 week, the loach fries grow to 1-1.2cm, and the cultivation facilities are black-fish cultivation facility ponds; the second-stage cultivation is to cultivate the black fries into fries in a large scale, the cultivation time is 4 weeks, the loaches grow to be more than 4cm, and the cultivation facilities are fry cultivation ponds;

seventhly, putting the seedlings into a pond: 20kg of fermented duck manure is applied to each square meter, when the bait in the water body is biologically palatable, the cun loach fries growing to be about 4cm long are put into a big pond, soybean milk is fed for 3 times per day in the first week, the dosage is 1kg of soybean milk ground by feeding each 10 loach fries, wheat bran is fed for 5-7 times per day in the second week, the principle is that the cun loaches are fed for a few times, and the cun loaches are fed regularly and quantitatively after all the loaches are opened.

Furthermore, in the first step, the specification of the dense net is 90 meshes, and the specification of the dilute net is 130 meshes.

Further, the specific method for disinfection in the third step is as follows: the parent loach is put into 3% double-chain quaternary ammonium salt solution or 4% povidone iodine solution to be soaked for 5 minutes and then put into water with Chinese medicine disinfection device to be disinfected.

Further, the opening material in the step five is paramecium or young turtle material or fairy larch, the feeding amount is 20g per ten thousand tails, and the feeding is carried out 2 times per day.

Further, the first-stage cultivation in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps:

(1) and (3) bait organism cultivation: 10 days before loach water blossoms are put into culture, using chlorine dioxide solution with the concentration of 0.5ppm to carry out pond cleaning and disinfection on the loach open-feed culture pond, injecting water for 1.5-2.0m after 2 days of disinfection, applying fertilizer and water culture, applying 400kg of fermented chicken manure per mu, and stirring the bottom of the pond once every 1-2 days; sprinkling decomposed and fermented chicken manure for 2 times every week, wherein each mu is 50-100 kg; splashing EM bacteria for 1 time every week; if the density of the water rotifers in each milliliter of pond is found to be less than 40 in the cultivation process of the bait organisms, soybean milk is splashed for topdressing, namely, the water depth of each mu and each meter is 1kg of dry soybeans;

(2) pond requirements: the black boy cultivation facility pond is arranged in a light-transmitting plastic greenhouse, and a sunshade net is erected on the greenhouse; each pool is 80-120 square meters in area and 50-60cm in depth, water enters from the upper opening of the pool, water is discharged from the bottom of the lower pool, a PVC pipe for adjusting the water level is inserted into the water outlet, 40-50 water outlet holes with the diameter of 0.2cm are drilled on the PVC pipe by electric drills, and the water outlet holes are fastened by 60-mesh bolting cloth; the bottom of the pool slowly descends from the upper water gap to the lower water gap with the descending amplitude of 5-10%; the pond is provided with a micropore oxygenation facility, a drainage channel is dug at the edge of the water outlet of the pond, the drainage channel is a cement channel or a soil channel, and the bottom of the drainage channel is 30-50cm lower than the water outlet, so that the seedlings can be collected conveniently;

(3) fry stocking: breeding 50-60 thousands of loach water blooms per square meter in the black-boy breeding facility pond;

(4) killing insects: sprinkling copper sulfate solution to make the pond water have a concentration of 0.7ppm for killing protozoan parasites 5 days after loach water is dropped into the pond;

(5) seedling collection: after loach water bloom is cultivated for 1 week, black fries are formed, the body length is about 1.2cm, and the fry emergence enters a large-size fry cultivation stage; during fry collection, the fry collection box is erected in a drainage ditch, a storage pipe of the fry collection box is sleeved on the drainage pipe, a PVC pipe in a facility pond for fry breeding is pulled out, and loach fries flow into the fry collection box along with pond water;

further, the second-stage cultivation in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps:

(1) pond requirements: the area is 1-2 mu, the pond depth is 80-100cm, and the pond with convenient water feeding and draining is a seedling culture pond; an anti-bird net is erected above the pond, the periphery in the pond is surrounded by net sheets, and a water inlet and a water outlet are filtered by 40-mesh bolting silk cloth; spraying 75kg of quicklime into the whole pond per mu 10 days before the black piglets are placed in the pond, and thoroughly cleaning the pond;

(2) fertilizing: injecting water for 50cm 7 days before the black boys are put into the pond, applying 400-fold-fermented chicken manure per mu for 500kg, and stirring the bottom of the pond once every 1-2 days to promote the development of the dormant rotifer spores;

(3) testing water: 1 day before the black fish enter the pond, scooping the pond water into a water bucket, putting a plurality of black fish into the water bucket, putting the black fish into the water bucket, and after 24 hours, if all the black fish are normal, putting the fry, otherwise, indicating that the water quality is not good, changing the water of the pond, trying the water again after a few days after changing the water, and putting the fry until the toxicity of the pond cleaning medicine disappears and the water quality becomes good;

(4) pulling the empty net: 1 day before the black fries are put into the pond, pulling the net in the pond for 2-3 times by using a fry net, and removing harmful organisms in the pond;

(5) breeding black young animals: removing impurities in the fry collecting box, putting the excessive loaches and black fries into a pond for a large-size fry breeding stage, and breeding 40-50 thousands of black fries per mu; black piglets bred in the same pond are in the same batch, are regular in size and robust in physique;

(6) feeding baits: feeding loaches at a offspring stage of 5cm ago with zooplankton such as rotifer, protozoa, cladocera and copepods; when loaches are 5-8cm, the loaches gradually change to omnivorous feeding, and eat crustaceans, chironomid larvae, limnodrilus, amphibious insects and larvae thereof, young snails and earthworms, and also eat filamentous algae, diatoms, plant fragments and seeds; therefore, in the loach fry breeding process, the loaches are fed by rotifers and small cladocerans in the water body 2cm in front; when the loaches grow to 2cm, continuing to cultivate palatable bait organisms, and simultaneously feeding artificial compound feed, wherein the compound feed conforms to NY 5072; feeding the powder 2 times every day, 8 am: 00-9: 00, 5 in the afternoon: 00-6: 00, the feeding amount accounts for 3-5% of the weight of the loaches; when the black fish are placed in the pond for 20-25 days, the loach fries grow to 3-4cm, the loach fries are fed with the compound feed, the feed conforms to NY5072, and the daily feeding amount accounts for 4-5% of the weight of the loaches; when the loach fries grow to be more than 4cm, the loach fries are bred in the same way as adult loaches;

(7) water quality management: the water quality of the pond meets the requirement of NY5051 water quality, and the EM bacteria or the photosynthetic bacteria regulate the water quality 1 time every 1 week; splashing quicklime into the whole pool for 1 time every 15 days to make the pool water have a concentration of 15 ppm; in summer high temperature season, changing water by 10-15cm every 10 days;

(8) disease prevention: putting young black pigs in the pond for 1 week, dissolving copper sulfate, sprinkling water in the pond to make the water in the pond have a concentration of 0.7ppm, killing protozoa in the water body, and using copper sulfate once every 1 week later; the loach fry is easy to get gas diseases, so the transparency of water is kept at 25-30cm, and if the water color is too thick, new water is added in time.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the artificial spawning induction method is adopted to shorten the spawning period of the loaches and improve the breeding efficiency; the fertilized eggs are incubated in running water, so that oxygen deficiency caused by the deposition of the fertilized eggs at the bottom of the pond is avoided; the dense net and the dilute net are matched, so that the fertilized eggs are effectively prevented from being eaten by the parents by mistake, and the hatchability is improved; by adopting a two-stage cultivation method, the survival rate is improved and reaches up to 40 percent from the growth of the alternanthera philoxeroides to the growth of the black peanuts.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:

example one

A high-survival-rate loach ecological breeding method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

step one, preparing a breeding pool: in spring, a breeding pond with a water inlet and a water outlet is built by silica, a plurality of sub-breeding ponds with the length of 4m, the width of 1.5m and the depth of 0.6m are separated by plastic bags filled with soil, a dense net with the diameter of meshes smaller than that of loach seeds is firstly paved at the bottom of each sub-breeding pond, then a thin net with the diameter of meshes larger than that of the loach seeds is paved on the dense net, and the edges of the dense net and the thin net extend to the edge of the breeding pond; a circulating water inlet pipe is prepared at the water inlet, the flow of the water inlet pipe is controlled to be 0.2L/s, and the quicklime water is used for sprinkling and disinfecting the whole pool before watering;

step two, parent selection: selecting female loaches and live and fresh male loaches just before parturition, wherein the quantity ratio of the female loaches to the live and fresh male loaches is as follows: female loaches: 1, male loach: 1.2;

step three, pretreating parent loaches: firstly, sterilizing the loaches of parents once, then carrying out induced spawning injection, wherein the dosage of the induced spawning needle is 0.2 mg/loach of female loaches and 0.1 mg/loach of male loaches, and sterilizing the loaches of the parents once after the induced spawning needle is used;

step four, spawning and hatching: putting the pretreated male and female loaches of the parents into prepared breeding ponds, putting 6kg of parent loaches into each sub-breeding pond, wherein the water depth of each breeding pond is 30cm, the water temperature is 22 ℃, and oxygen is always filled during breeding; when the egg laying rate of the loaches reaches 80%, pulling up the sparse net in the breeding pond, and allowing fertilized eggs of the loaches to timely leak to the dense net below the fertilized eggs so as to prevent the generated eggs from being eaten by male parents; demoulding after 3 days, and sprouting after 4 days, wherein the parent loaches which have laid eggs are transferred in time;

step five, temporarily culturing the water flowers: continuously culturing the incubated water bloom in a breeding pond for 5 days, controlling the water temperature to be 20 ℃ during temporary culture, continuously oxygenating live water, and feeding loach larvae with hatch materials in time 24 hours after the loach larvae are deciduated;

step six, two-stage reinforced cultivation: the first-stage cultivation is to cultivate loach water flowers into black-fish fries, the cultivation time is 1 week, the loach fries grow to 1cm, and the cultivation facilities are black-fish cultivation facility ponds; the second-stage cultivation is to cultivate the black fries into fries in a large scale, the cultivation time is 4 weeks, the loaches grow to be more than 4cm, and the cultivation facilities are fry cultivation ponds;

seventhly, putting the seedlings into a pond: applying 20kg of fermented duck manure per square meter, when the bait in the water body is biologically palatable, putting the cun loach fries growing to be about 4cm long into a big pond, feeding soybean milk for 3 times per day in the first week, feeding 1kg of soybean milk for every 10 loach fries, feeding wheat bran for 5 times per day from the second week, and feeding for a small amount of times in principle, wherein the loach fries are fed regularly and quantitatively after being opened.

Furthermore, in the first step, the specification of the dense net is 90 meshes, and the specification of the dilute net is 130 meshes.

Further, the specific method for disinfection in the third step is as follows: the parent loach is put into 3% double-chain quaternary ammonium salt solution or 4% povidone iodine solution to be soaked for 5 minutes and then put into water with Chinese medicine disinfection device to be disinfected.

Further, the opening material in the step five is paramecium or young turtle material or fairy larch, the feeding amount is 20g per ten thousand tails, and the feeding is carried out 2 times per day.

Further, the first-stage cultivation in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps:

(1) and (3) bait organism cultivation: 1, cleaning and disinfecting an open feed culture pond for the loaches by using a chlorine dioxide solution with the concentration of 0.5ppm 10 days before the loaches are released, injecting water for 1.5m after disinfecting for 2 days, applying fertilizer and water, applying 400kg of fermented chicken manure per mu, and stirring the bottom of the pond once every 1 day; sprinkling decomposed and fermented chicken manure for 2 times every week, wherein 50kg of the chicken manure is sprayed per mu every time; splashing EM bacteria for 1 time every week; if the density of the water rotifers in each milliliter of pond is found to be less than 40 in the cultivation process of the bait organisms, soybean milk is splashed for topdressing, namely, the water depth of each mu and each meter is 1kg of dry soybeans;

(2) pond requirements: the black boy cultivation facility pond is arranged in a light-transmitting plastic greenhouse, and a sunshade net is erected on the greenhouse; each pool is 80 square meters in area and 50cm in depth, water enters from the upper opening of the pool, water exits from the bottom of the lower pool, a PVC pipe for adjusting the water level is inserted into the water outlet, 40 water outlets with the diameter of 0.2cm are drilled on the PVC pipe by electric drills, and the water outlets are fastened by 60-mesh bolting-silk cloth; the bottom of the pool slowly descends from the upper water opening to the lower water opening, and the descending amplitude is 5 percent; the pond is provided with a micropore oxygenation facility, a drainage ditch is dug at the edge of the water outlet of the pond, the drainage ditch is a cement ditch or an earth ditch, and the bottom of the ditch is 30cm lower than the water outlet, so that the seedlings can be collected conveniently;

(3) fry stocking: breeding 50 thousands of loach water blooms per square meter in the black-boy breeding facility pond;

(4) killing insects: sprinkling copper sulfate solution to make the pond water have a concentration of 0.7ppm for killing protozoan parasites 5 days after loach water is dropped into the pond;

(5) seedling collection: after loach water bloom is cultivated for 1 week, black fries are formed, the body length is about 1.2cm, and the fry emergence enters a large-size fry cultivation stage; during fry collection, the fry collection box is erected in a drainage ditch, a storage pipe of the fry collection box is sleeved on the drainage pipe, a PVC pipe in a facility pond for fry breeding is pulled out, and loach fries flow into the fry collection box along with pond water;

further, the second-stage cultivation in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps:

(1) pond requirements: the area is 1 mu, the pond depth is 80cm, and the pond with convenient water feeding and draining is a seedling culture pond; an anti-bird net is erected above the pond, the periphery in the pond is surrounded by net sheets, and a water inlet and a water outlet are filtered by 40-mesh bolting silk cloth; spraying 75kg of quicklime into the whole pond per mu 10 days before the black piglets are placed in the pond, and thoroughly cleaning the pond;

(2) fertilizing: injecting water for 50cm 7 days before the black young are put into the pond, applying 400kg of decomposed and fermented chicken manure per mu, and stirring the bottom of the pond once every 1 day to promote the development of the dormant rotifer spores;

(3) testing water: 1 day before the black fish enter the pond, scooping the pond water into a water bucket, putting a plurality of black fish into the water bucket, putting the black fish into the water bucket, and after 24 hours, if all the black fish are normal, putting the fry, otherwise, indicating that the water quality is not good, changing the water of the pond, trying the water again after a few days after changing the water, and putting the fry until the toxicity of the pond cleaning medicine disappears and the water quality becomes good;

(4) pulling the empty net: 1 day before the black fries are put into the pond, pulling a net 2 in the pond by using a fry net, and removing harmful organisms in the pond;

(5) breeding black young animals: removing impurities in the fry collecting box, putting the excessive loaches and black fries into a pond for a large-size fry breeding stage, and stocking 40 black fries per mu; black piglets bred in the same pond are in the same batch, are regular in size and robust in physique;

(6) feeding baits: feeding loaches at a offspring stage of 5cm ago with zooplankton such as rotifer, protozoa, cladocera and copepods; when loaches are 5cm, the loaches gradually change to omnivorous feeding, and eat crustaceans, chironomidae larvae, limnodrilus, amphibious insects and larvae thereof, young snails and earthworms, and also eat filamentous algae, diatoms, plant fragments and seeds; therefore, in the loach fry breeding process, the loaches are fed by rotifers and small cladocerans in the water body 2cm in front; when the loaches grow to 2cm, continuing to cultivate palatable bait organisms, and simultaneously feeding artificial compound feed, wherein the compound feed conforms to NY 5072; feeding the powder 2 times every day, 8 am: 00, 5 in the afternoon: 00, the feeding amount accounts for 3 percent of the weight of the loaches; after the black young loaches are placed in the pond for 20 days, the loach young fries grow to 3cm, loach young fry compound feed is fed, the feed conforms to NY5072, and the daily feeding amount accounts for 4% of the loach weight; when the loach fries grow to be more than 4cm, the loach fries are bred in the same way as adult loaches;

(7) water quality management: the water quality of the pond meets the requirement of NY5051 water quality, and the EM bacteria or the photosynthetic bacteria regulate the water quality 1 time every 1 week; splashing quicklime into the whole pool for 1 time every 15 days to make the pool water have a concentration of 15 ppm; in summer high-temperature season, water is changed by 10cm every 10 days;

(8) disease prevention: putting young black pigs in the pond for 1 week, dissolving copper sulfate, sprinkling water in the pond to make the water in the pond have a concentration of 0.7ppm, killing protozoa in the water body, and using copper sulfate once every 1 week later; the loach fries are easy to get the gas bubble disease, so the transparency of water is kept at 25cm, and if the water color is too thick, new water is added in time.

The artificial spawning induction method is adopted to shorten the spawning period of the loaches and improve the breeding efficiency; the fertilized eggs are incubated in running water, so that oxygen deficiency caused by the deposition of the fertilized eggs at the bottom of the pond is avoided; the dense net and the dilute net are matched, so that the fertilized eggs are effectively prevented from being eaten by the parents by mistake, and the hatchability is improved; by adopting a two-stage cultivation method, the survival rate is improved and reaches up to 40 percent from the growth of the alternanthera philoxeroides to the growth of the black peanuts.

Example two

A high-survival-rate loach ecological breeding method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

step one, preparing a breeding pool: in spring, a breeding pond with a water inlet and a water outlet is built by silica, a plurality of sub-breeding ponds with the length of 6m, the width of 2.5m and the depth of 0.8m are separated by plastic bags filled with soil, a dense net with the mesh diameter smaller than that of loach seeds is firstly paved at the bottom of each sub-breeding pond, then a thin net with the mesh diameter larger than that of the loach seeds is paved on the dense net, and the edges of the dense net and the thin net extend to the edge of the breeding pond; a circulating water inlet pipe is prepared at the water inlet, the flow of the water inlet pipe is controlled to be 0.2L/s, and the quicklime water is used for sprinkling and disinfecting the whole pool before watering;

step two, parent selection: selecting female loaches and live and fresh male loaches just before parturition, wherein the quantity ratio of the female loaches to the live and fresh male loaches is as follows: female loaches: 1, male loach: 1.5;

step three, pretreating parent loaches: firstly, sterilizing the loaches of parents once, then carrying out induced spawning injection, wherein the dosage of the induced spawning needle is 0.2 mg/loach of female loaches and 0.1 mg/loach of male loaches, and sterilizing the loaches of the parents once after the induced spawning needle is used;

step four, spawning and hatching: putting the pretreated male and female loaches of the parents into prepared breeding ponds, putting 8kg of parent loaches into each sub-breeding pond, wherein the water depth of each breeding pond is 35cm, the water temperature is 24 ℃, and oxygen is always filled during breeding; when the egg laying rate of the loaches reaches 80%, pulling up the sparse net in the breeding pond, and allowing fertilized eggs of the loaches to timely leak to the dense net below the fertilized eggs so as to prevent the generated eggs from being eaten by male parents; demoulding after 3 days, and sprouting after 5 days, wherein the parent loaches which have laid eggs are transferred in time;

step five, temporarily culturing the water flowers: continuously culturing the incubated water bloom in a breeding pond for 7 days, controlling the water temperature to be 25 ℃ during temporary culture, continuously oxygenating live water, and feeding loach larvae with hatch materials in time 24 hours after the loach larvae are deciduated;

step six, two-stage reinforced cultivation: the first-stage cultivation is to cultivate loach water flowers into black-fish fries, the cultivation time is 1 week, the loach fries grow to 1.2cm, and the cultivation facilities are black-fish cultivation facility ponds; the second-stage cultivation is to cultivate the black fries into fries in a large scale, the cultivation time is 4 weeks, the loaches grow to be more than 4cm, and the cultivation facilities are fry cultivation ponds;

seventhly, putting the seedlings into a pond: applying 20kg of fermented duck manure per square meter, when the bait in the water body is biologically palatable, putting the cun loach fries growing to be about 4cm long into a big pond, feeding soybean milk for 3 times per day in the first week, feeding 1kg of soybean milk for every 10 loach fries, feeding wheat bran for 7 times per day from the second week, and feeding for a small amount of times at regular time and quantity after the loaches are all opened.

Furthermore, in the first step, the specification of the dense net is 90 meshes, and the specification of the dilute net is 130 meshes.

Further, the specific method for disinfection in the third step is as follows: the parent loach is put into 3% double-chain quaternary ammonium salt solution or 4% povidone iodine solution to be soaked for 5 minutes and then put into water with Chinese medicine disinfection device to be disinfected.

Further, the opening material in the step five is paramecium or young turtle material or fairy larch, the feeding amount is 20g per ten thousand tails, and the feeding is carried out 2 times per day.

Further, the first-stage cultivation in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps:

(1) and (3) bait organism cultivation: 1, cleaning and disinfecting an open feed culture pond for the loaches by using a chlorine dioxide solution with the concentration of 0.5ppm 10 days before the loaches are released, injecting water for 2.0m after 2 days of disinfection, applying fertilizer and water, applying 500kg of fermented chicken manure per mu, and stirring the bottom of the pond once every 2 days; sprinkling decomposed and fermented chicken manure for 2 times every week, wherein 100kg of the chicken manure is sprayed per mu every time; splashing EM bacteria for 1 time every week; if the density of the water rotifers in each milliliter of pond is found to be less than 40 in the cultivation process of the bait organisms, soybean milk is splashed for topdressing, namely, the water depth of each mu and each meter is 1kg of dry soybeans;

(2) pond requirements: the black boy cultivation facility pond is arranged in a light-transmitting plastic greenhouse, and a sunshade net is erected on the greenhouse; each pool is 120 square meters in area and 60cm in depth, water enters from the upper opening of the pool, water exits from the bottom of the lower pool, a PVC pipe for adjusting the water level is inserted into the water outlet, 50 water outlets with the diameter of 0.2cm are drilled on the PVC pipe by electric drills, and the water outlets are fastened by 60-mesh bolting-silk cloth; the bottom of the pool slowly descends from the upper water gap to the lower water gap, and the descending amplitude is 10 percent; the pond is provided with a micropore oxygenation facility, a drainage ditch is dug at the edge of the water outlet of the pond, the drainage ditch is a cement ditch or a soil ditch, and the bottom of the ditch is 50cm lower than the water outlet, so that the seedlings can be collected conveniently;

(3) fry stocking: 60 thousands of loach water blooms are put in each square meter of the black-boy breeding facility pond;

(4) killing insects: sprinkling copper sulfate solution to make the pond water have a concentration of 0.7ppm for killing protozoan parasites 5 days after loach water is dropped into the pond;

(5) seedling collection: after loach water bloom is cultivated for 1 week, black fries are formed, the body length is about 1.2cm, and the fry emergence enters a large-size fry cultivation stage; during fry collection, the fry collection box is erected in a drainage ditch, a storage pipe of the fry collection box is sleeved on the drainage pipe, a PVC pipe in a facility pond for fry breeding is pulled out, and loach fries flow into the fry collection box along with pond water;

further, the second-stage cultivation in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps:

(1) pond requirements: the area is 2 mu, the pond depth is 100cm, and the pond with convenient water feeding and draining is a seedling culture pond; an anti-bird net is erected above the pond, the periphery in the pond is surrounded by net sheets, and a water inlet and a water outlet are filtered by 40-mesh bolting silk cloth; spraying 75kg of quicklime into the whole pond per mu 10 days before the black piglets are placed in the pond, and thoroughly cleaning the pond;

(2) fertilizing: injecting water for 50cm 7 days before the black young are put into the pond, applying 500kg of decomposed and fermented chicken manure per mu, and stirring the bottom of the pond once every 2 days to promote the development of the dormant rotifer spores;

(3) testing water: 1 day before the black fish enter the pond, scooping the pond water into a water bucket, putting a plurality of black fish into the water bucket, putting the black fish into the water bucket, and after 24 hours, if all the black fish are normal, putting the fry, otherwise, indicating that the water quality is not good, changing the water of the pond, trying the water again after a few days after changing the water, and putting the fry until the toxicity of the pond cleaning medicine disappears and the water quality becomes good;

(4) pulling the empty net: 1 day before the black fries are put into the pond, pulling the net in the pond for 3 times by using a fry net, and removing harmful organisms in the pond;

(5) breeding black young animals: removing impurities in the fry collecting box, putting the excessive loaches and black fries into a pond for a large-size fry breeding stage, and breeding 50 thousands of black fries per mu; black piglets bred in the same pond are in the same batch, are regular in size and robust in physique;

(6) feeding baits: feeding loaches at a offspring stage of 5cm ago with zooplankton such as rotifer, protozoa, cladocera and copepods; when loaches are 8cm, gradually changing to omnivorous feeding, and feeding crustaceans, chironomidae larvae, limnodrilus, amphibious insects and larvae thereof, young snails and earthworms, and also feeding filamentous algae, diatoms, plant fragments and seeds; therefore, in the loach fry breeding process, the loaches are fed by rotifers and small cladocerans in the water body 2cm in front; when the loaches grow to 2cm, continuing to cultivate palatable bait organisms, and simultaneously feeding artificial compound feed, wherein the compound feed conforms to NY 5072; feeding the powder 2 times every day, 9 am: 00, 6 pm: 00, the feeding amount accounts for 5 percent of the weight of the loaches; when the black young loaches are placed in the pond for 25 days, the loach young fries grow to 4cm, the loach young fries are fed with the compound feed, the feed conforms to NY5072, and the daily feeding amount accounts for 5% of the loach weight; when the loach fries grow to be more than 4cm, the loach fries are bred in the same way as adult loaches;

(7) water quality management: the water quality of the pond meets the requirement of NY5051 water quality, and the EM bacteria or the photosynthetic bacteria regulate the water quality 1 time every 1 week; splashing quicklime into the whole pool for 1 time every 15 days to make the pool water have a concentration of 15 ppm; in summer high-temperature season, water is changed by 15cm every 10 days;

(8) disease prevention: putting young black pigs in the pond for 1 week, dissolving copper sulfate, sprinkling water in the pond to make the water in the pond have a concentration of 0.7ppm, killing protozoa in the water body, and using copper sulfate once every 1 week later; the loach fries are easy to get the gas bubble disease, so the transparency of water is kept at 30cm, and if the water color is too thick, new water is added in time.

The artificial spawning induction method is adopted to shorten the spawning period of the loaches and improve the breeding efficiency; the fertilized eggs are incubated in running water, so that oxygen deficiency caused by the deposition of the fertilized eggs at the bottom of the pond is avoided; the dense net and the dilute net are matched, so that the fertilized eggs are effectively prevented from being eaten by the parents by mistake, and the hatchability is improved; by adopting a two-stage cultivation method, the survival rate is improved and reaches up to 40 percent from the growth of the alternanthera philoxeroides to the growth of the black peanuts.

EXAMPLE III

A high-survival-rate loach ecological breeding method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

step one, preparing a breeding pool: in spring, a breeding pond with a water inlet and a water outlet is built by silica, a plurality of sub-breeding ponds with the length of 5m, the width of 2m and the depth of 0.7m are separated by plastic bags filled with soil, a dense net with the mesh diameter smaller than that of loach seeds is firstly paved at the bottom of each sub-breeding pond, then a thin net with the mesh diameter larger than that of the loach seeds is paved on the dense net, and the edges of the dense net and the thin net extend to the edge of the breeding pond; a circulating water inlet pipe is prepared at the water inlet, the flow of the water inlet pipe is controlled to be 0.2L/s, and the quicklime water is used for sprinkling and disinfecting the whole pool before watering;

step two, parent selection: selecting female loaches and live and fresh male loaches just before parturition, wherein the quantity ratio of the female loaches to the live and fresh male loaches is as follows: female loaches: 1, male loach: 1.3;

step three, pretreating parent loaches: firstly, sterilizing the loaches of parents once, then carrying out induced spawning injection, wherein the dosage of the induced spawning needle is 0.2 mg/loach of female loaches and 0.1 mg/loach of male loaches, and sterilizing the loaches of the parents once after the induced spawning needle is used;

step four, spawning and hatching: putting the pretreated female and male loaches of the parents into prepared breeding ponds, putting 7kg of parent loaches into each sub-breeding pond, wherein the water depth of each breeding pond is 32cm, the water temperature is 23 ℃, and oxygen is always filled during breeding; when the egg laying rate of the loaches reaches 80%, pulling up the sparse net in the breeding pond, and allowing fertilized eggs of the loaches to timely leak to the dense net below the fertilized eggs so as to prevent the generated eggs from being eaten by male parents; demoulding after 3 days, and sprouting after 4 days, wherein the parent loaches which have laid eggs are transferred in time;

step five, temporarily culturing the water flowers: continuously culturing the incubated water bloom in a breeding pond for 6 days, controlling the water temperature to be 22 ℃ during temporary culture, continuously oxygenating live water, and feeding loach larvae with hatch materials in time 24 hours after the loach larvae are deciduated;

step six, two-stage reinforced cultivation: the first-stage cultivation is to cultivate loach water flowers into black-fish fries, the cultivation time is 1 week, the loach fries grow to 1.1cm, and the cultivation facilities are black-fish cultivation facility ponds; the second-stage cultivation is to cultivate the black fries into fries in a large scale, the cultivation time is 4 weeks, the loaches grow to be more than 4cm, and the cultivation facilities are fry cultivation ponds;

seventhly, putting the seedlings into a pond: 20kg of fermented duck manure is applied to each square meter, when the bait in the water body is biologically palatable, the cun loach fries growing to be about 4cm long are put into a big pond, 3 times of soybean milk are fed every day in the first week, 1kg of soybean milk is fed to each 10 loach fries, wheat bran is fed from the second week, the feeding is carried out 6 times every day, the principle is that the feeding is carried out a small amount of times, and the loach fries are fed regularly and quantitatively after being opened completely.

Furthermore, in the first step, the specification of the dense net is 90 meshes, and the specification of the dilute net is 130 meshes.

Further, the specific method for disinfection in the third step is as follows: the parent loach is put into 3% double-chain quaternary ammonium salt solution or 4% povidone iodine solution to be soaked for 5 minutes and then put into water with Chinese medicine disinfection device to be disinfected.

Further, the opening material in the step five is paramecium or young turtle material or fairy larch, the feeding amount is 20g per ten thousand tails, and the feeding is carried out 2 times per day.

Further, the first-stage cultivation in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps:

(1) and (3) bait organism cultivation: 1, cleaning and disinfecting an open feed culture pond for the loaches by using a chlorine dioxide solution with the concentration of 0.5ppm 10 days before the loaches are released, injecting water for 1.8m after disinfecting for 2 days, applying fertilizer and water, applying 450kg of fermented chicken manure per mu, and stirring the bottom of the pond once every 1 day; sprinkling decomposed and fermented chicken manure for 2 times every week, wherein 70kg of the chicken manure is sprayed per mu every time; splashing EM bacteria for 1 time every week; if the density of the water rotifers in each milliliter of pond is found to be less than 40 in the cultivation process of the bait organisms, soybean milk is splashed for topdressing, namely, the water depth of each mu and each meter is 1kg of dry soybeans;

(2) pond requirements: the black boy cultivation facility pond is arranged in a light-transmitting plastic greenhouse, and a sunshade net is erected on the greenhouse; each pool is 100 square meters in area and 55cm in depth, water enters from the upper opening of the pool, water exits from the bottom of the lower pool, a PVC pipe for adjusting the water level is inserted into the water outlet, 45 water outlets with the diameter of 0.2cm are drilled on the PVC pipe by electric drills, and the water outlets are fastened by 60-mesh bolting-silk cloth; the bottom of the pool slowly descends from the upper water gap to the lower water gap, and the descending amplitude is 6 percent; the pond is provided with a micropore oxygenation facility, a drainage ditch is dug at the edge of the water outlet of the pond, the drainage ditch is a cement ditch or an earth ditch, and the bottom of the ditch is 40cm lower than the water outlet, so that the seedlings can be collected conveniently;

(3) fry stocking: 55 thousands of loach water blooms are put in a black-boy breeding facility pond per square meter;

(4) killing insects: sprinkling copper sulfate solution to make the pond water have a concentration of 0.7ppm for killing protozoan parasites 5 days after loach water is dropped into the pond;

(5) seedling collection: after loach water bloom is cultivated for 1 week, black fries are formed, the body length is about 1.2cm, and the fry emergence enters a large-size fry cultivation stage; during fry collection, the fry collection box is erected in a drainage ditch, a storage pipe of the fry collection box is sleeved on the drainage pipe, a PVC pipe in a facility pond for fry breeding is pulled out, and loach fries flow into the fry collection box along with pond water;

further, the second-stage cultivation in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps:

(1) pond requirements: the area is 1.5 mu, the pond depth is 90cm, and the pond with convenient water feeding and discharging is a seedling culture pond; an anti-bird net is erected above the pond, the periphery in the pond is surrounded by net sheets, and a water inlet and a water outlet are filtered by 40-mesh bolting silk cloth; spraying 75kg of quicklime into the whole pond per mu 10 days before the black piglets are placed in the pond, and thoroughly cleaning the pond;

(2) fertilizing: injecting water for 50cm 7 days before the black young are put into the pond, applying 450kg of decomposed and fermented chicken manure per mu, and stirring the bottom of the pond once every 2 days to promote the development of the dormant rotifer spores;

(3) testing water: 1 day before the black fish enter the pond, scooping the pond water into a water bucket, putting a plurality of black fish into the water bucket, putting the black fish into the water bucket, and after 24 hours, if all the black fish are normal, putting the fry, otherwise, indicating that the water quality is not good, changing the water of the pond, trying the water again after a few days after changing the water, and putting the fry until the toxicity of the pond cleaning medicine disappears and the water quality becomes good;

(4) pulling the empty net: 1 day before the black fries are put into the pond, pulling the net in the pond for 2 times by using a fry net, and removing harmful organisms in the pond;

(5) breeding black young animals: removing impurities in the fry collecting box, putting the excessive loaches and black fries into a pond for a large-size fry breeding stage, and breeding 45 thousands of black fries per mu; black piglets bred in the same pond are in the same batch, are regular in size and robust in physique;

(6) feeding baits: feeding loaches at a offspring stage of 5cm ago with zooplankton such as rotifer, protozoa, cladocera and copepods; when loaches are 7cm, the loaches gradually change to omnivorous feeding, and eat crustaceans, chironomidae larvae, limnodrilus, amphibious insects and larvae thereof, young snails and earthworms, and also eat filamentous algae, diatoms, plant fragments and seeds; therefore, in the loach fry breeding process, the loaches are fed by rotifers and small cladocerans in the water body 2cm in front; when the loaches grow to 2cm, continuing to cultivate palatable bait organisms, and simultaneously feeding artificial compound feed, wherein the compound feed conforms to NY 5072; feeding the powder 2 times every day, 8 am: 30, 5 pm: 30, the feeding amount accounts for 4% of the loach weight; when the black fries are put into the pond for 22 days, the loach fries grow to 3.5cm, the loach fries are fed with the compound feed, the feed conforms to NY5072, and the daily feeding amount accounts for 4.5 percent of the weight of the loaches; when the loach fries grow to be more than 4cm, the loach fries are bred in the same way as adult loaches;

(7) water quality management: the water quality of the pond meets the requirement of NY5051 water quality, and the EM bacteria or the photosynthetic bacteria regulate the water quality 1 time every 1 week; splashing quicklime into the whole pool for 1 time every 15 days to make the pool water have a concentration of 15 ppm; in the summer high-temperature season, water is changed by 12cm every 10 days;

(8) disease prevention: putting young black pigs in the pond for 1 week, dissolving copper sulfate, sprinkling water in the pond to make the water in the pond have a concentration of 0.7ppm, killing protozoa in the water body, and using copper sulfate once every 1 week later; the loach fries are easy to get the gas bubble disease, so the transparency of water is kept at 28cm, and if the water color is too thick, new water is added in time.

The present invention has been described in connection with the specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and it is within the protection scope of the present invention as long as various modifications are made by using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the present invention is directly applied to other occasions without modification.

Claims (6)

1. A high-survival-rate loach ecological breeding method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

step one, preparing a breeding pool: in spring, a breeding pond with a water inlet and a water outlet is built by using silica, a plurality of sub-breeding ponds with the length of 4-6m, the width of 1.5-2.5m and the depth of 0.6-0.8m are separated by using plastic bags filled with soil, a dense net with the mesh diameter smaller than that of loach seeds is firstly paved at the bottom of each sub-breeding pond, then a thin net with the mesh diameter larger than that of the loach seeds is paved on the dense net, and the edges of the dense net and the thin net extend to the edge of the breeding pond; a circulating water inlet pipe is prepared at the water inlet, the flow of the water inlet pipe is controlled to be 0.2L/s, and the quicklime water is used for sprinkling and disinfecting the whole pool before watering;

step two, parent selection: selecting female loaches and live and fresh male loaches just before parturition, wherein the quantity ratio of the female loaches to the live and fresh male loaches is as follows: female loaches: 1, male loach: 1.2-1.5;

step three, pretreating parent loaches: firstly, sterilizing the loaches of parents once, then carrying out induced spawning injection, wherein the dosage of the induced spawning needle is 0.2 mg/loach of female loaches and 0.1 mg/loach of male loaches, and sterilizing the loaches of the parents once after the induced spawning needle is used;

step four, spawning and hatching: putting the pretreated male and female loaches of the parents into prepared breeding ponds, putting 6-8kg of parent loaches into each sub-breeding pond, wherein the water depth of each breeding pond is 30-35cm, the water temperature is 22-24 ℃, and oxygen is always filled during breeding; when the egg laying rate of the loaches reaches 80%, pulling up the sparse net in the breeding pond, and allowing fertilized eggs of the loaches to timely leak to the dense net below the fertilized eggs so as to prevent the generated eggs from being eaten by male parents; demoulding after 3 days, and sprouting after 4-5 days, wherein parent loaches which lay eggs are transferred in time;

step five, temporarily culturing the water flowers: continuously culturing the incubated water bloom in a breeding pond for 5-7 days, controlling the water temperature to be 20-25 ℃ during temporary culture, continuously oxygenating live water, and feeding loach larvae with hatch materials in time 24 hours after the loach larvae are deciduated;

step six, two-stage reinforced cultivation: the first-stage cultivation is to cultivate loach water flowers into black-fish fries, wherein the cultivation time is 1 week, the loach fries grow to 1-1.2cm, and the cultivation facilities are black-fish cultivation facility ponds; the second-stage cultivation is to cultivate the black fries into fries in a large scale, the cultivation time is 4 weeks, the loaches grow to be more than 4cm, and the cultivation facilities are fry cultivation ponds;

seventhly, putting the seedlings into a pond: 20kg of fermented duck manure is applied to each square meter, when the bait in the water body is biologically palatable, the cun loach fries growing to be about 4cm long are put into a big pond, soybean milk is fed for 3 times per day in the first week, the dosage is 1kg of soybean milk ground by feeding each 10 loach fries, wheat bran is fed for 5-7 times per day in the second week, the principle is that the cun loaches are fed for a few times, and the cun loaches are fed regularly and quantitatively after all the loaches are opened.

2. The ecological breeding method of loach with high survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dense net in the first step is 90 mesh, and the thin net is 130 mesh.

3. The ecological breeding method of loach with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for sterilizing in step three is as follows: the parent loach is put into 3% double-chain quaternary ammonium salt solution or 4% povidone iodine solution to be soaked for 5 minutes and then put into water with Chinese medicine disinfection device to be disinfected.

4. The ecological breeding method of loach with high survival rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hatch feed in step five is paramecium or juvenile turtle feed or fairy shrimp, the feeding amount is 20g per ten thousand tails, 2 times a day.

5. The ecological breeding method of loaches with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the first-stage cultivation in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps:

(1) and (3) bait organism cultivation: 10 days before loach water blossoms are put into culture, using chlorine dioxide solution with the concentration of 0.5ppm to carry out pond cleaning and disinfection on the loach open-feed culture pond, injecting water for 1.5-2.0m after 2 days of disinfection, applying fertilizer and water culture, applying 400kg of fermented chicken manure per mu, and stirring the bottom of the pond once every 1-2 days; sprinkling decomposed and fermented chicken manure for 2 times every week, wherein each mu is 50-100 kg; splashing EM bacteria for 1 time every week; if the density of the water rotifers in each milliliter of pond is found to be less than 40 in the cultivation process of the bait organisms, soybean milk is splashed for topdressing, namely, the water depth of each mu and each meter is 1kg of dry soybeans;

(2) pond requirements: the black boy cultivation facility pond is arranged in a light-transmitting plastic greenhouse, and a sunshade net is erected on the greenhouse; each pool is 80-120 square meters in area and 50-60cm in depth, water enters from the upper opening of the pool, water is discharged from the bottom of the lower pool, a PVC pipe for adjusting the water level is inserted into the water outlet, 40-50 water outlet holes with the diameter of 0.2cm are drilled on the PVC pipe by electric drills, and the water outlet holes are fastened by 60-mesh bolting cloth; the bottom of the pool slowly descends from the upper water gap to the lower water gap with the descending amplitude of 5-10%; the pond is provided with a micropore oxygenation facility, a drainage channel is dug at the edge of the water outlet of the pond, the drainage channel is a cement channel or a soil channel, and the bottom of the drainage channel is 30-50cm lower than the water outlet, so that the seedlings can be collected conveniently;

(3) fry stocking: breeding 50-60 thousands of loach water blooms per square meter in the black-boy breeding facility pond;

(4) killing insects: sprinkling copper sulfate solution to make the pond water have a concentration of 0.7ppm for killing protozoan parasites 5 days after loach water is dropped into the pond;

(5) seedling collection: after loach water bloom is cultivated for 1 week, black fries are formed, the body length is about 1.2cm, and the fry emergence enters a large-size fry cultivation stage; when seedling collection, the escape canal is erected to the seedling collection box, the storage pipe sleeve of the seedling collection box is arranged on the drain pipe, the PVC pipe in the facility pond is pulled out from the black loach, and the loach black loach flows into the seedling collection box along with pond water.

6. The ecological breeding method of loaches with high survival rate according to claim 1, wherein the secondary cultivation in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps:

(1) pond requirements: the area is 1-2 mu, the pond depth is 80-100cm, and the pond with convenient water feeding and draining is a seedling culture pond; an anti-bird net is erected above the pond, the periphery in the pond is surrounded by net sheets, and a water inlet and a water outlet are filtered by 40-mesh bolting silk cloth; spraying 75kg of quicklime into the whole pond per mu 10 days before the black piglets are placed in the pond, and thoroughly cleaning the pond;

(2) fertilizing: injecting water for 50cm 7 days before the black boys are put into the pond, applying 400-fold-fermented chicken manure per mu for 500kg, and stirring the bottom of the pond once every 1-2 days to promote the development of the dormant rotifer spores;

(3) testing water: 1 day before the black fish enter the pond, scooping the pond water into a water bucket, putting a plurality of black fish into the water bucket, putting the black fish into the water bucket, and after 24 hours, if all the black fish are normal, putting the fry, otherwise, indicating that the water quality is not good, changing the water of the pond, trying the water again after a few days after changing the water, and putting the fry until the toxicity of the pond cleaning medicine disappears and the water quality becomes good;

(4) pulling the empty net: 1 day before the black fries are put into the pond, pulling the net in the pond for 2-3 times by using a fry net, and removing harmful organisms in the pond;

(5) breeding black young animals: removing impurities in the fry collecting box, putting the excessive loaches and black fries into a pond for a large-size fry breeding stage, and breeding 40-50 thousands of black fries per mu; black piglets bred in the same pond are in the same batch, are regular in size and robust in physique;

(6) feeding baits: feeding loaches at a offspring stage of 5cm ago with zooplankton such as rotifer, protozoa, cladocera and copepods; when loaches are 5-8cm, the loaches gradually change to omnivorous feeding, and eat crustaceans, chironomid larvae, limnodrilus, amphibious insects and larvae thereof, young snails and earthworms, and also eat filamentous algae, diatoms, plant fragments and seeds; therefore, in the loach fry breeding process, the loaches are fed by rotifers and small cladocerans in the water body 2cm in front; when the loaches grow to 2cm, continuing to cultivate palatable bait organisms, and simultaneously feeding artificial compound feed, wherein the compound feed conforms to NY 5072; feeding the powder 2 times every day, 8 am: 00-9: 00, 5 in the afternoon: 00-6: 00, the feeding amount accounts for 3-5% of the weight of the loaches; when the black fish are placed in the pond for 20-25 days, the loach fries grow to 3-4cm, the loach fries are fed with the compound feed, the feed conforms to NY5072, and the daily feeding amount accounts for 4-5% of the weight of the loaches; when the loach fries grow to be more than 4cm, the loach fries are bred in the same way as adult loaches;

(7) water quality management: the water quality of the pond meets the requirement of NY5051 water quality, and the EM bacteria or the photosynthetic bacteria regulate the water quality 1 time every 1 week; splashing quicklime into the whole pool for 1 time every 15 days to make the pool water have a concentration of 15 ppm; in summer high temperature season, changing water by 10-15cm every 10 days;

(8) disease prevention: putting young black pigs in the pond for 1 week, dissolving copper sulfate, sprinkling water in the pond to make the water in the pond have a concentration of 0.7ppm, killing protozoa in the water body, and using copper sulfate once every 1 week later; the loach fry is easy to get gas diseases, so the transparency of water is kept at 25-30cm, and if the water color is too thick, new water is added in time.