CN112268958A - Method for measuring attenuation coefficients of super surface acoustic waves at different temperatures - Google Patents

Method for measuring attenuation coefficients of super surface acoustic waves at different temperatures Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112268958A
CN112268958A CN202011255305.9A CN202011255305A CN112268958A CN 112268958 A CN112268958 A CN 112268958A CN 202011255305 A CN202011255305 A CN 202011255305A CN 112268958 A CN112268958 A CN 112268958A
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ultrasonic
test block
surface wave
measuring
attenuation coefficient
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张红军
孙璞杰
殷尊
孟永乐
李佼佼
高磊
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24—Probes
    • G01N29/2462—Probes with waveguides, e.g. SAW devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/30—Arrangements for calibrating or comparing, e.g. with standard objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4472—Mathematical theories or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
    • G01N2291/015—Attenuation, scattering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/042—Wave modes
    • G01N2291/0423—Surface waves, e.g. Rayleigh waves, Love waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring attenuation coefficients of super surface acoustic waves at different temperatures, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a measuring test block comprising n propagation paths with different lengths, wherein one end of the measuring test block is flat, and the other end of the measuring test block is of a stepped structure; 2) adjusting the temperature of the stepped structure on the test block to be measured and keeping the temperature constant; 3) ultrasonic surface waves generated by excitation of the ultrasonic transducer are transmitted to the end face of the stepped structure along the direction perpendicular to one end of the flat surface on the test block, are reflected back after being transmitted to the end face of the stepped structure on the upper surface of the test block, are received by the ultrasonic transducer, the amplitude of echo waves is made to be 80% full screen by adjusting the gain of an ultrasonic instrument, and the gain value B at the moment is recordedi(ii) a 4) The attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic surface wave is calculated, and the method can accurately measure the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic surface wave under different workpieces and temperatures.

Description

Method for measuring attenuation coefficients of super surface acoustic waves at different temperatures
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring attenuation coefficients, in particular to a method for measuring attenuation coefficients of super surface acoustic waves at different temperatures.
Background
Ultrasonic surface waves are widely used in the detection of defects on and near the surface of workpieces because of their high efficiency and high sensitivity. Ultrasonic surface waves are one type of ultrasonic waves, and ultrasonic energy is attenuated when propagating in a medium due to beam spreading, grain scattering, and medium absorption. The attenuation caused by beam diffusion is only related to the shape of a wave front, plane waves cannot be attenuated by diffusion, cylindrical waves and spherical waves reduce sound pressure along with the increase of diffusion distance, and the attenuation caused by grain scattering and medium absorption is ubiquitous in the ultrasonic wave propagation process. In addition, dislocations, magnetic domain walls, residual stress, and the like in the propagation medium also cause attenuation of the ultrasonic wave. Obtaining the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic wave is of great significance for mastering the propagation characteristics of the ultrasonic wave in a medium and better utilizing the ultrasonic wave to carry out actual detection work.
At present, the attenuation coefficient of ultrasonic waves is measured by using a thin plate workpiece and a thick plate or thick cylinder workpiece, and is used for measuring the attenuation coefficient of ultrasonic longitudinal waves. For the attenuation coefficient measurement of the thin plate, the diffusion attenuation is not considered, the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave is calculated by utilizing the amplitude difference between multiple bottom waves and the plate thickness, the method requires that the upper surface and the lower surface of the thin plate are smooth and parallel to each other, and the diffusion attenuation is not considered. For the attenuation coefficient measurement of a thick plate or a thick cylinder, the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave is calculated by using the amplitude difference between the primary bottom wave and the secondary bottom wave and the plate thickness, and the method processes the diffusion attenuation in an estimation mode. The ultrasonic energy loss caused by reflection is processed in an estimation mode by the two methods, and the determination accuracy is further improved.
In summary, the method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic wave is mainly based on the multiple reflection bottom wave of the longitudinal wave passing through the workpiece and reaching the bottom surface, and no relevant report about the method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic surface wave is found. The ultrasonic surface wave can only propagate along the depth range of twice the wavelength of the surface of the solid medium, so that the method of passing a workpiece through longitudinal waves at present is not suitable for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic surface wave, and the method can accurately measure the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic surface wave at different temperatures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic surface wave at different temperatures, and the method can accurately measure the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic surface wave at different workpieces and temperatures.
In order to achieve the above object, the method for measuring attenuation coefficient of surface acoustic wave according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
1) preparing a measuring test block comprising n propagation paths with different lengths, wherein one end face of the measuring test block is a flat surface, and the other end face of the measuring test block is of a stepped structure;
2) adjusting the temperature of the stepped structure part of the test block to be measured and keeping the temperature constant;
3) exciting an ultrasonic surface wave by using an ultrasonic transducer, wherein the ultrasonic surface wave propagates on the upper surface of the test block along a direction vertical to one end of a flat surface on the test blockiReflecting the echo to be received by the ultrasonic transducer after reaching the end face of the stepped structure, adjusting the gain of the ultrasonic instrument to enable the amplitude of the echo to be 80% of full screen, and recording the gain value B at the momenti；
4) Calculating attenuation coefficient of ultrasonic surface wave
Figure BDA0002772929360000021
The number of the ultrasonic surface wave transducers is 1, and the frequency of the ultrasonic surface wave transducers is 0.5-5 MHz.
The measured echo amplitude of the ultrasonic surface wave is the amplitude of the echo at the peak position.
The length of the test block is 800-1200mm, the width of each step is 10-30mm, and the thickness of each step is 5-20 mm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic surface wave selects a measuring test block with one flat side and the other side of a stepped structure, adjusts the temperature of the stepped structure to the temperature to be measured and keeps the temperature constant during testing, then excites the ultrasonic surface wave on the upper surface of the flat side of the measuring test block by using an ultrasonic surface wave transducer, adjusts the amplitude of an echo to 80% of full screen, records the gain value at the moment, calculates the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic surface wave according to the gain value, and then accurately measures the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic surface wave under different workpieces and temperatures, and is convenient and simple to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the measurement method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the method for determining attenuation coefficient of ultrasonic surface wave according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
1) preparing a measuring test block comprising n propagation paths with different lengths, wherein one end face of the measuring test block is a flat surface, and the other end face of the measuring test block is of a stepped structure;
2) adjusting the temperature of the stepped structure part of the test block to be measured and keeping the temperature constant;
3) exciting an ultrasonic surface wave by using an ultrasonic transducer, wherein the ultrasonic surface wave propagates on the upper surface of the test block along a direction vertical to one end of a flat surface on the test blockiReflecting the echo to be received by the ultrasonic transducer after reaching the end face of the stepped structure, adjusting the gain of the ultrasonic instrument to enable the amplitude of the echo to be 80% of full screen, and recording the gain value B at the momenti；
4) Calculating attenuation coefficient of ultrasonic surface wave
Figure BDA0002772929360000041
The propagation distance l of the ultrasonic surface waveiKnown or difference l thereofi-li+1Are known.
The number of the ultrasonic surface wave transducers is 1, and the frequency of the ultrasonic surface wave transducers is 0.5-5 MHz.
The measured echo amplitude of the ultrasonic surface wave is the amplitude of the echo at the peak position.
The length of the test block is 800-1200mm, the width of each step is 10-30mm, and the thickness of each step is 5-20 mm.

Claims (4)

1. A method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the super surface acoustic wave at different temperatures is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing a measuring test block comprising n propagation paths with different lengths, wherein one end face of the measuring test block is a flat surface, and the other end face of the measuring test block is of a stepped structure;
2) adjusting the temperature of the stepped structure part of the test block to be measured and keeping the temperature constant;
3) exciting an ultrasonic surface wave by using an ultrasonic transducer, wherein the ultrasonic surface wave propagates on the upper surface of the test block along a direction vertical to one end of a flat surface on the test blockiReflecting the echo to be received by the ultrasonic transducer after reaching the end face of the stepped structure, adjusting the gain of the ultrasonic instrument to enable the amplitude of the echo to be 80% of full screen, and recording the gain value B at the momenti；
4) Calculating attenuation coefficient of ultrasonic surface wave
Figure FDA0002772929350000011
2. The method for determining the attenuation coefficient of an ultrasonic surface wave according to claim 1 wherein the number of ultrasonic surface wave transducers is 1 and the frequency of the ultrasonic surface wave transducers is 0.5 to 5 MHz.
3. A method for determining an attenuation coefficient for an ultrasonic surface wave as defined in claim 1 wherein the amplitude of the echo of the ultrasonic surface wave is determined as the amplitude of the echo at the peak location.
4. The method for determining the attenuation coefficient of a surface acoustic wave as set forth in claim 1 wherein the length of the test block is 800-1200mm, the width of each step is 10-30mm, and the thickness of each step is 5-20 mm.
CN202011255305.9A 2020-11-11 2020-11-11 Method for measuring attenuation coefficients of super surface acoustic waves at different temperatures Pending CN112268958A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112903082A (en) * 2021-03-05 2021-06-04 西安热工研究院有限公司 Device and method for measuring longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112903082A (en) * 2021-03-05 2021-06-04 西安热工研究院有限公司 Device and method for measuring longitudinal wave sound velocity at high temperature

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