CN112232530B

CN112232530B - Automobile maintenance cycle operation method and vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system

Info

Publication number: CN112232530B
Application number: CN202010955990.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王琼
Original assignee: Shanghai Yuandu Automobile Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Yuandu Automobile Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-11
Filing date: 2020-09-11
Publication date: 2021-09-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-11
Also published as: CN112232530A

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses an automobile maintenance cycle operation method and a vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the type of an engine and the type of lubricating oil selected by an automobile manufacturer and/or an end user; according to four key oil change index limit values of the lubricating oil technology, the working hours of the service life of the lubricating oil are measured and calculated by utilizing a driving test of urban road conditions and/or a global unified test driving cycle WLTC simulation bench method of light vehicles, and the working hours are input into vehicle-mounted hardware; so that the vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system calculates the residual service life of the lubricating oil according to the type of the engine, the running condition and the running time of the lubricating oil and evaluates the maintenance period of the vehicle. Therefore, the residual service life of the lubricating oil and the maintenance period of the automobile are accurately and conveniently evaluated according to the type of the vehicle engine, the vehicle running condition and the lubricating oil running time.

Description

Automobile maintenance cycle operation method and vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of lubricating oil, in particular to an automobile maintenance cycle operation method and a vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system.

Background

Under the existing mode of automobile oil change maintenance, China automobiles have more than two hundred million vehicles, which correspond to dozens of driving road conditions, hundreds of automobile lubricating oils and thousands of automobile models. The existing technical modes are as follows: a fixed mileage set by an automobile manufacturer is a five thousand kilometers maintenance (ten thousand kilometers for each high end vehicle type). The automobile maintenance mode is a very rough automobile maintenance mode, and the reason of the prior art mode is that the engine and lubricating oil technology is relatively simple decades ago, the industry continues to change oil with rough five thousand kilometers until now, in order to increase a high (often too high) safety factor for automobile quality and guarantee, manufacturers recommend five thousand kilometers for maintenance by adopting a fixed five thousand kilometers maintenance automobile service provider 4S shop and the like, and obtain more profits from the automobile after-sale market.

The automobile oil change maintenance mode has the following disadvantages: the running condition of the automobile and the performance of the lubricating oil are not distinguished by one-cut maintenance. In the fixed mileage maintenance, most of the lubricating oil is not changed before the oil change time, so that great waste is caused, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are not facilitated. In addition, in a few cases, the hidden danger of the automobile is caused because of no timely maintenance.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides an automobile maintenance period operation method and an automobile-mounted intelligent operation system, the residual service life of lubricating oil and the automobile maintenance period are evaluated according to the type of an engine of a vehicle, the running condition of the vehicle and the running time of the lubricating oil, and the method is accurate, convenient and fast.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:

according to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a method for calculating a maintenance cycle of an automobile, which is applied to an on-vehicle intelligent calculation system, the method including:

obtaining the type of an engine and the type of lubricating oil selected by an automobile manufacturer and/or an end user;

according to four key oil change index limit values of the lubricating oil technology, the working hours of the service life of the lubricating oil are measured and calculated by utilizing a driving test of urban road conditions and/or a global unified test driving cycle WLTC simulation bench method of light vehicles, and the working hours are input into vehicle-mounted hardware; and the vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system can calculate the residual service life of the lubricating oil and evaluate the maintenance cycle of the automobile according to the type of the engine, the running condition and the running time of the lubricating oil.

Optionally, the key oil change indexes of the lubricating oil technology are kinematic viscosity change, increase of total acid value, oxidation degree and nitration degree;

the use limit value of the change of the kinematic viscosity is not more than plus or minus 20 percent of the change of the fresh oil, the use limit value of the increment of the total acid value is not more than 2mg/KOH, the use limit value of the oxidation degree is 18 to 22, the use limit value of the nitration degree is 20 to 25, and the specific limit values of the oxidation degree and the nitration degree are determined according to the formula and the performance of the oil product.

Optionally, the estimating of the service life of the lubricating oil by using the driving test of the urban road condition comprises the following steps:

step 1: selecting a set number of vehicles with the vehicle ages exceeding the running-in period and meeting the conditions within two years; providing a vehicle with a vehicle data recorder or a navigation device with a function of reading running speed or running time; before the test, the engine lubricating system is flushed for a set number of times, and then test oil is added;

step 2: recording the running mileage of the whole vehicle, and parameters such as mileage, average speed, engine working time and the like after the test oil is added;

and step 3: pre-evaluating the number of usable hours of the test oil; mainly determined by the base oil type;

and 4, step 4: setting sampling detection time and period;

and 5: controlling the detection period, and if the indexes are close to the use limit value, shortening the detection interval until the indexes of the oil for test exceed the standard and the service life of the oil product is ended;

step 6: finally, oil product detection is carried out for two times, the index of the former oil product is close to or reaches the use limit value, and the index of the latter oil product exceeds the limit value; and comparing the oil product detection time twice with the standard exceeding condition of indexes, and evaluating the service life of the lubricating oil under the urban road condition in hours.

Optionally, the measuring and calculating the service life working hours of the lubricating oil by using the WLTC simulation bench method for the global unified test driving cycle of light vehicles comprises:

the WLTC is used for detecting technical indexes of the lubricating oil in a set running time range in a staged manner and calibrating the service life of the lubricating oil according to any one of the technical indexes of the lubricating oil and the use limit value thereof; the simulation working condition of the WLTC is an engine bench experiment, and comprises a WLTC simulation bench method, a new standard European cycle test NEDC, a China working condition cycle test and self-set working conditions of various automobile manufacturers.

Optionally, the service life of the lubricating oil is divided into the service life of the naturally aspirated engine lubricating oil and the service life of the supercharged engine lubricating oil, and the service life of the supercharged engine lubricating oil under the same working condition is 75% -80% of the service life of the naturally aspirated engine lubricating oil.

Optionally, the method for calculating the remaining service life of the lubricating oil specifically includes the following steps:

automatically reading the driving mileage and the average speed per hour, obtaining or calculating the working hours of the engine, defaulting that the new lubricating oil is 100 percent of service life, wherein 0 percent represents that the lubricating oil is not used any more, and the type of the engine are selected by an automobile manufacturer or a terminal user;

subtracting the percentage of the automobile running time and the predetermined life of the oil product from 100% of the new oil life to obtain the life of the residual lubricating oil;

and recommending an automobile maintenance scheme according to the type of the engine, the driving road condition and the average speed.

According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system applying the vehicle-mounted intelligent operation method provided by the first aspect, the system including:

the basic information acquisition module is used for acquiring the type of the engine and the type of the lubricating oil selected by an automobile manufacturer and/or an end user; the system is also used for acquiring real-time automobile running conditions including running mileage, average speed and engine working hours;

and the lubricating oil residual life operation module is used for calculating the residual service life of the lubricating oil and evaluating the maintenance cycle of the automobile according to the type of the engine, the driving condition and the running time of the lubricating oil.

Optionally, the driving mileage and the average speed per hour are automatically read by vehicle-mounted hardware, and the engine working hours are read by the vehicle-mounted hardware or calculated by the driving mileage and the average speed per hour.

In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides an operation method for an automobile maintenance cycle and a vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system, by obtaining an engine type and a lubricating oil type selected by an automobile manufacturer and/or a terminal user; measuring and calculating the service life of the lubricating oil by utilizing a driving test of urban road conditions and/or a WLTC simulation bench method for testing driving cycle of global light vehicles in a unified manner, and inputting the service life into vehicle-mounted hardware; so that the vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system calculates the residual service life of the lubricating oil and evaluates the maintenance period of the vehicle according to the type of the engine, the running condition and the running time of the lubricating oil. Therefore, the residual service life of the lubricating oil and the maintenance period of the automobile are accurately and conveniently evaluated according to the type of the vehicle engine, the vehicle running condition and the lubricating oil running time.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read the present invention, and do not limit the conditions for implementing the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the functions and purposes of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for calculating a maintenance cycle of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a simulated WLTC supercharged engine pedestal assessment A total synthetic oil life provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulated WLTC naturally aspirated engine bench assessment B mineral oil life provided by embodiments of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic data acquisition diagram of an intelligent maintenance system for a vehicle event data recorder according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic data interface diagram of an intelligent maintenance system for a vehicle event data recorder according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a block diagram of a vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Compare in the fixed maintenance of changing oil of five thousand kilometers of current car, this application embodiment has combined automobile engine and lubricating oil technique, and professional knowledge such as bench test and driving test has solved following technical problem: firstly, verifying the physical and chemical index limit value of the gasoline engine lubricating oil and the service life of the gasoline engine lubricating oil in urban road conditions, secondly, calculating the residual service life and the maintenance period of the engine lubricating oil according to the vehicle type and the driving condition, and finally, how to design an intelligent maintenance system on vehicle-mounted hardware.

The following describes technical background and technical terms related to embodiments of the present application:

engine lubricating oil: for short, engine oil or oil product, which meets the OEM (original equipment manufacturer) admittance of automobile manufacturers, or meets the relevant specification of API (American Petroleum institute), or meets the specification certification of ACEA (European automobile manufacturers Association).

Engine oil type: these lubricant oil types cover more than 90% of the engine oil formulations (matching of different base oils and additives) on the market, including formulated engine oils such as group I, group II and hydrogenated, group III + and hydrogenated base oils, GTL (natural gas isoparaffin synthetic base oil) and PAO (poly-alpha olefin) base oils. Does not include a small amount of lubricating oil blended with base oil such as esters or polyethers.

Lubricating oil test method: the service life of the gasoline engine oil is evaluated by using an ASTM (American society for testing and materials) or Chinese national standard related test method, and the evaluation is mainly judged according to the kinematic viscosity change, the oxidation degree, the nitration degree and the total acid value increment. Meanwhile, the water, ash, fuel oil dilution, metal abrasion elements and the like in the national standard GB/T8028-.

The engine type: the lubricating oil can be generally divided into two categories of natural air suction and pressurization, and the service life of the lubricating oil is greatly influenced.

The driving working condition is as follows: including the following factors: vehicle model, engine displacement, self-priming/boosting, road conditions, average driving speed, mileage, etc.

Urban road conditions: the road condition refers to various mixed road conditions including urban center ground roads, urban elevated roads, suburban elevated roads and highways, suburban highways, elevated roads and highways, national roads and rural roads and the like. Extreme road conditions such as high altitude or mountain roads, extreme hot and cold climates, high dust pollution environments, etc. are not included.

WLTC: the world Light-duty Test Cycle (Worldwide Light-duty Cycle) is consistently recognized and widely used by professional users in different regions of the world in the fields of automobile emission, fuel efficiency and part Test

The intelligent maintenance system: the maintenance cycle prompt and maintenance scheme recommendation system constructed by the operation method on the vehicle-mounted hardware is disclosed.

National standard GB/T8028-: the gasoline engine lubricating oil change index is promulgated and executed in 2010, limit standards of the following ten indexes are stipulated, and when one index of the gasoline engine oil in use exceeds the oil change index, the gasoline engine oil is replaced by new oil: 1. the change of kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ is more than +/-20%; 2. the base number minus the acid number engine increment/mgKOH g-1 is less than 0.5; 3. the increase of the acid value/mgKOH. g-1 is more than 2; 4. the fuel oil dilution (mass fraction) is more than 5.0 percent; 5. ash measurement-n-pentane insolubles (mass fraction) are greater than 1.5%; 6. flash point (closed)/less than 100 degrees celsius; 7. the water content (mass fraction) is more than 0.2 percent; 8. the iron content/mu g.g-1 is more than 70; 9. the copper content increase (mass fraction)/mug-g-1 is more than 40; 10. the silicon content// mug. g-1 is more than 30 GB/T17476.

The ten national standard methods do not directly relate to the high temperature resistance (oxidation degree and nitration degree) of the oil product, and only the index that the increase value/mgKOH g < -1 > of the third acid value is more than 2 has practical relevance with the high temperature resistance. The second criterion "base number minus acid number increase/mgKOH g-1 less than 0.5" is also only applicable to lubricating oil formulations ten years ago. For many high-performance lubricating oils with the total base number of more than 8mg/KOH in recent years, the second standard loses the practical judgment significance, and only a very small amount of engine oil exceeds the standard under special engine working conditions. When the passenger car under the urban working condition reaches the oil change time, the iron content is more than 70 and the copper content is more than 40. The national standard GB/T8028-2010 defines the index use limit value of the gasoline engine oil in various application environments, but the high-temperature resistance attenuation and the expected service life of the lubricating oil under urban working conditions cannot be accurately evaluated. A large number of running tests prove that more than ninety percent of lubricating oil failures are directly related to the attenuation of the high-temperature resistance of the oil.

The embodiment of the application provides an automobile maintenance cycle operation method, which is applied to a vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system, and as shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:

step 101: the engine type and lubricant type selected by the vehicle manufacturer and/or end user are obtained.

Step 102: calculating the service life of the lubricating oil by utilizing a driving test of urban road conditions and/or a WLTC simulation bench method for testing driving cycle of global light vehicles uniformly, and inputting the service life into vehicle-mounted hardware; so that the vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system calculates the residual service life of the lubricating oil and evaluates the maintenance period of the vehicle according to the type of the engine, the running condition and the running time of the lubricating oil.

In one possible embodiment, in step 102, the calculating the service life of the lubricating oil by using the WLTC simulation bench method for the driving test of urban road conditions and/or the global unified test driving cycle of light vehicles includes: selecting a certain number of automobiles under urban road conditions, detecting technical indexes of lubricating oil in a set operating time range in a staged manner until the technical indexes of the lubricating oil exceed standards, and calibrating the service life of the automobiles according to any one of the technical indexes of the lubricating oil and the use limit value of the technical index of the lubricating oil; and/or detecting the technical indexes of the lubricating oil in a set running time range in a staged manner by using the WLTC and calibrating the service life of the lubricating oil according to any one of the technical indexes of the lubricating oil and the use limit value of the technical index of the lubricating oil.

In one possible embodiment, the key oil change indexes of the lubricating oil technology are kinematic viscosity change, increase of total acid value, oxidation degree and nitration degree; the use limit value of the change of the kinematic viscosity is not more than plus or minus 20 percent of the change of the fresh oil, the use limit value of the increment of the total acid value is not more than 2mg/KOH, the use limit value of the oxidation degree is 18 to 22, the use limit value of the nitration degree is 20 to 25, and the specific limit values of the oxidation degree and the nitration degree are determined according to the formula and the performance of the oil product.

In a possible embodiment, the estimating of the service life of the lubricating oil by using the driving test of the urban road condition comprises the following steps:

and 4, step 4: setting sampling detection time and period;

In one possible embodiment, the method for measuring the service life working hours of the lubricating oil by using the WLTC simulation bench method for the global unified test driving cycle of the light vehicles comprises the following steps: the WLTC is used for detecting technical indexes of the lubricating oil in a set running time range in a staged manner and calibrating the service life of the lubricating oil according to any one of the technical indexes of the lubricating oil and the use limit value thereof; the simulation working condition of the WLTC is an engine bench experiment, and comprises a WLTC simulation bench method, a new standard European cycle test NEDC, a China working condition cycle test and self-set working conditions of various automobile manufacturers.

In one possible embodiment, the service life of the lubricating oil is divided into a naturally aspirated engine oil life and a supercharged engine oil life, and the supercharged engine oil life is between 75% and 80% of the naturally aspirated engine oil life under the same working condition, depending on the engine characteristics

In a possible embodiment, the method for calculating the remaining service life of the lubricating oil specifically includes the following steps: automatically reading the driving mileage and the average speed per hour, obtaining or calculating the working hours of the engine, defaulting that the new lubricating oil is 100 percent of service life, wherein 0 percent represents that the lubricating oil is not used any more, and the type of the engine are selected by an automobile manufacturer or a terminal user; subtracting the percentage of the automobile running time and the predetermined life of the oil product from 100% of the new oil life to obtain the life of the residual lubricating oil; and recommending an automobile maintenance scheme according to the type of the engine, the driving road condition and the average speed.

In a possible implementation manner, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the oil change maintenance period is determined by the engine lubricating oil service time (working hours). Unlike fixed five thousand kilometers of maintenance, the recommended oil change maintenance period is determined by the number of hours of operation of the gasoline engine lubricating oil (referred to as engine oil or oil product for short), which is similar to the maintenance of an aircraft engine. The service life (hours of operation) of engine oil under urban road conditions can be calibrated using different driving cycle conditions, typically ranging from about 150 hours to about 800 hours. The default is that the new oil has 100% life, and 0% represents that the oil is scrapped and should not be used again. The main factors affecting the service life of lubricating oil are: working time, base oil type, oil formula grade, engine type (natural air suction or supercharging), urban road conditions (reflected on automobile speed), idle time, start-stop times and the like.

In a possible implementation manner, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: an index limit value and a verification method for the service life of the lubricating oil of a gasoline engine. There is currently no uniform rule in the engine oil field to determine its service life. There are many thousands of engine oil formulations in the world's lubricant technology area, and different engine types and driving conditions affect their useful life. The running test and the bench test prove that the performance attenuation and the service life of the gasoline engine oil in urban road conditions are closely related to four indexes, namely the change of kinematic viscosity, the increase of total acid value, the oxidation degree and the nitration degree. Wherein the increase of the viscosity and the total acid value is an index defined by the national standard GB/T8028-2010, and the oxidation degree and the nitration degree are indexes of oil change determined by a large number of bench tests and running tests. When one index of the used gasoline engine oil exceeds the limit value, the oil should be replaced by new oil. The following are the technical index limits and test methods thereof, which can be applied to all naturally aspirated engines and supercharged engine lubricants.

The following technical scheme is suitable for all passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles and other vehicles running on roads, wherein the passenger vehicles, the commercial vehicles and the other vehicles use gasoline engines: an index limit value and a verification method for the service life of gasoline engine oil; a method for evaluating the service life of engine oil in an urban working condition running test; simulating a WLTC bench test to evaluate the service life of the engine oil; calculating the residual life of the lubricating oil according to the vehicle type and the driving condition; technical implementation of a vehicle-mounted intelligent maintenance system.

The technical solution of the vehicle-mounted intelligent operation method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below:

(1) oil change maintenance period is judged by using service time (working hours) of engine lubricating oil

Unlike fixed five thousand kilometers of service, the oil change service period in the embodiment of the present application is determined in terms of the number of hours of operation of the gasoline engine lubricating oil, which is similar to the service of an aircraft engine. The engine oil is calibrated for service life (hours of operation) under urban road conditions using different driving cycle conditions, typically ranging from about 150 hours to about 800 hours. The default is that the new oil has 100% life, and 0% represents that the oil is scrapped and should not be used again. The main factors affecting the service life of lubricating oil are: working time, base oil type, oil formulation grade, engine type (naturally aspirated or supercharged), urban road conditions, etc. (reflected in vehicle speed).

(2) Main index use limit value and verification method of gasoline engine lubricating oil

There are thousands of engine oil formulations worldwide, and different engine types and driving conditions affect their useful life. The performance attenuation and the service life of gasoline engine oil in urban road conditions are closely related to four indexes, namely kinematic viscosity change, increase of total acid value, oxidation degree and nitration degree. Wherein the viscosity change and the increase of the total acid value are indexes defined by the national standard GB/T8028-2010, and the oxidation degree and the nitration degree are reliable oil change indexes determined by a large number of bench tests and driving tests. When one index of the used gasoline engine oil exceeds the limit value, the oil should be replaced by new oil. The following are key technical index use limit values and test methods, as shown in table 1, applicable to all naturally aspirated engines and supercharged engine lubricating oils:

TABLE 1

Kinematic viscosity: the use limit value of the 100-degree kinematic viscosity is not more than plus or minus 20 percent of that of the new oil, and the method is suitable for all gasoline engine oil.

Increase in total acid number: the method is closely related to the nitration degree and the oxidation degree, the use limit value is not more than 2mg/KOH, and the method is suitable for all gasoline engine oils.

Degree of oxidation: the international lubricating oil industry sets engine oil usage limits in the range of 18-22, depending on the formulation properties of the oil, such as base oil type and additive type. Referring to hundreds of engine oil data, the oxidation limit of 20 is suitable for most gasoline engine oils above the SL level that do not contain ester components. The degree of oxidation determined by the ASTM E2412 method is primarily for mineral and semi-synthetic grades of lubricating oils that are free of esters and is not suitable for rating synthetic lubricating oils containing esters. The evaluation of the high temperature resistance of the synthetic lubricating oil is mainly referred to the increase of the total acid value.

Nitration degree: the lubricating industry does not clearly stipulate a use limit value, and the actual calibration is judged by referring to the oxidation degree, the increase of the total acid value and the content change of the abrasion metal. On supercharged types of engines, the increase in the nitration degree of the oil is generally much faster than the increase in the oxidation degree, with a greater correlation with the increase in the total acid number. The degree of nitration can be used to evaluate all engine oil performance variations, including mineral oils, as well as semi-synthetic oils, fully synthetic oils, etc. containing an ester component.

The key index use limit of the gasoline engine oil is explained as follows:

lubricating oil meeting the specification can provide sufficient high-temperature performance and anti-wear protection for an engine, but the service life of the lubricating oil under urban working conditions is mainly limited by the high-temperature resistance, and the conditions that the oxidation degree and the nitration degree are continuously increased and the total base number is continuously reduced in use are reflected. The degree of oxidation and the degree of nitration of the new oil are defined in lubrication technology as zero. Taking the new oil as a reference, qualitatively and quantitatively measuring related components of the used oil product by using a Fourier infrared spectrometer according to an ASTM E2412 method, and then evaluating the oxidation degree and the nitration degree of the oil product, so that the performance attenuation condition and the residual service life of the oil product can be judged. The two indexes continuously rise along with the use time of the oil product, generally reach the use limit value before other oil product indexes, and have a certain degree of correlation with the increase of the total acid value. When the index reaches the limit value of the service life of the oil product, abnormal abrasion is generated, which is mainly reflected in the abnormal increase of the content of abrasion metal, such as iron.

In terms of OEM engine technology, a large number of gasoline engines today employ many technologies from diesel engines such as supercharging, direct injection, stratified combustion, exhaust gas recirculation, etc. Meanwhile, the gasoline engine oil formulation technology also gives consideration to the performances of a plurality of diesel engine oils. Therefore, the core additives for gasoline engine oils and the limits for high temperature resistance performance indicators such as oxidation and nitration levels are all moving toward diesel engine oils.

The viscosity of gasoline engine oil is less than standard, but it is an important reference value of oil physical and chemical indexes. In recent years, the total base number content of many gasoline engine oils is very high, and the total base number content can be rarely reduced to below 50% in use. The service life evaluation of the gasoline engine oil is mainly related to the increase of oxidation degree, nitration degree and total acid value. The national standard GB/T8028-2010 defines the limit value of the iron content of the gasoline engine oil to be 70ppm, and the limit value is rarely exceeded in the application of urban road conditions. But as a representative of engine wear metals, the iron element content is significant for evaluating the lubricating oil index and the engine wear. The sudden change or obvious increase of the iron element content proves that the performance of the lubricating oil is attenuated rapidly, and the service life is close to a critical value.

In order to prove the correctness of the gasoline engine index limit value provided by the embodiment of the application, the verification is performed by combining several experiments.

Verification method for gasoline engine oil index limit value 1: and (4) fully synthesizing lubricating oil.

Firstly, selecting an oil A as API SN 0W-40 fully synthetic engine oil, wherein the KV100 viscosity is about 14.11, and the total base number is 9.5. A1.6-liter naturally aspirated engine pedestal is used for simulating WLTC (global unified test drive cycle) working condition for verification test. Eight oil products A1-A8 are divided into four groups, and two oil products in each group run for 550, 560, 570 and 580 hours respectively.

The oxidation degree, nitration degree and total acid value of the oil products from A1 to A4 are stably increased, and the iron content is stably distributed between 14ppm and 17 ppm. The oxidation degree of oils A5 to A8 steadily increased, but the nitration degree and the increase in total acid number increased more rapidly. It can be seen that the iron abrasion value reaches 17 at most when the nitration degree is about 22 and 23, and the iron abrasion content is greatly increased to more than 24 when the nitration degree reaches or exceeds 24/25. Correspondingly, the total acid value increment reaches more than 2.1, and obviously exceeds the limit value of the national standard of 2.0.

And (4) conclusion: as can be seen from the statistical table 2, the viscosity of all oils in the experiment does not exceed the standard, and the total base number is more than 50% of that of the new oil. When the nitration degree exceeds 23, the iron abrasion loss is greatly increased, the corresponding increase of the total acid value also obviously exceeds the national standard limit value, and the performance of the oil product is rapidly attenuated at the moment, so 23 is set as the nitration degree limit value of the synthetic oil product. The nitration level increases more rapidly than the oxidation level near the life of the oil, and is more correlated with the increase in total acid number.

TABLE 2

Verification method 2 for engine oil index limit of gasoline engine: mineral lubricating oil experiments.

Firstly, selecting a B oil product as API SN 5W-30 refined mineral engine oil, wherein the KV100 viscosity is about 10.25, and the total base number is 7.8. The verification test was also performed using a 1.6 liter naturally aspirated engine skid to simulate WLTC (global unified test drive cycle) conditions. The eight oil products are divided into four groups, and two oil products in each group run on the engine mounts 340, 350, 360 and 370 hours respectively.

The oxidation degree, nitration degree and total acid number of the oil products B1-B4 are stably increased, and the iron content is distributed between 11 ppm and 14 ppm. The oxidation degree of the oils B5 to B8 steadily increased, but the nitration degree and the increase in total acid number increased more rapidly. The iron abrasion content is still stabilized at about 13 when the nitration degree is 21-23, and when the nitration degree reaches 24/25, the iron abrasion content is greatly increased to more than 21. At the same time, the increase in total acid number exceeds 2.1, and the increase is faster later.

And (4) conclusion: as can be seen from the statistical table 3, the viscosity of all oils in the experiment did not exceed the standard. When the nitration degree exceeds 23, the iron abrasion loss is greatly increased, the corresponding increase of the total acid value also exceeds the national standard limit value, and the oil product performance is rapidly attenuated at the moment, so the nitration degree limit value of the B mineral oil product can also be set to 23. When the service life of the oil product is close, the oxidation speed is close to the nitration speed, but the oxidation degree does not reach the limit value of 20. The two indexes of the nitration degree 23 limit and the total acid value increment limit of 2.0 in the national standard have larger association degree with the abrasion state.

TABLE 3

By referring to the national standard and combining the experiments, the index use limit values of the A and B gasoline engine oils can be calibrated as follows: the viscosity is not more than plus or minus 20 percent of the new oil, the increment of the total acid value is not more than 2.0mg/KOH, the degree of oxidation is not more than 20, and the degree of nitration is not more than 23.

(3) Method for evaluating service life of engine oil in city working condition running test

The running test of the urban working condition vehicle (such as a taxi or a passenger car) is beneficial to evaluating the actual service life of the lubricating oil product, and is also suitable for a naturally aspirated engine and a supercharged direct injection engine. Usually, a certain number of taxis (at least three taxis for ensuring vehicle tracking and data reading) are selected, the complete set of indexes of the lubricating oil are detected in stages after a certain running time (using hours) is reached until the lubricating oil exceeds the standard, and then the service life of the taxis is calibrated according to the limit value of the oil index determined by the technical scheme (2). The specific test method comprises the following steps:

step 1: 4-8 good taxi (the age of the taxi exceeds the break-in period but is within two years) are selected.

Step 2: vehicles are equipped with a tachograph, or navigation device, that can read the speed or duration of travel.

And step 3: recording the running mileage of the whole vehicle, the mileage after adding the test oil, the average speed, the working time of the engine and other parameters.

And 4, step 4: before the test, the engine lubricating system is completely and thoroughly washed for three times, and then the test oil is added.

And 5: the life expectancy range for the test oils, e.g., three types of oil plus poly-alpha-olefin formulations, was 450-600 hours.

Step 6: the setting of the sampling and detecting time can be as follows: 250. 400, 500, 550 and 600 hours.

And 7: the detection period can be controlled, if the index is close to the use limit value, the detection interval is shortened until the service life of the oil product is ended.

And 8: and finally, oil product detection is carried out for two times, wherein the oil product approaches or reaches the use limit value for the first time, and the oil product exceeds the limit value for the last time. And comparing the two detection times (the working hours of the lubricating oil) with the standard exceeding condition of the index, the service life of the engine oil under the urban working condition can be reasonably evaluated.

Twenty taxis are selected to carry out running tests on urban road conditions, wherein engines of ten taxis are 1.6 liter natural suction type, and the other ten taxis are 1.5TDI engines. The driving test uses two common engine lubricating oils, which are the same as the two oils in the technical scheme 2). A is API SN 0W-40 fully synthetic engine oil, B is API SN 5W-30 refined mineral engine oil. Each lubricating oil was supplied to 5 engines. After adding new engine oil, the taxi goes through several driving stages, and at the end of each stage, an engine oil sample is taken and sent to a professional laboratory for detection and analysis.

In the first aspect, a running test was conducted on a fully synthetic oil a in a naturally aspirated engine.

Five taxis of A oil products are mainly used for urban road conditions plus partial suburban road conditions. A car is taken for analysis, and the average speed per hour of the car is about 22.6 kilometers. A natural 0 to A natural 4 represent four stages from the new oil to the completion of the test for the A oil. When the 532-hour test of the a natural 3 node was completed, the performance indexes of the lubricating oil including the degree of oxidation 17 and the degree of nitration 20 were still within the allowable range, but were already close to the critical values. Therefore, after running for forty-three hours (about one thousand kilometers) from the stage of Aran 3 to the stage of Aran 4, oil samples were again taken and examined, and it was found that the viscosity, wear metals and oxidation degree of the lubricating oil were within the usable range, but the increase in the nitrification degree and the total acid value exceeded the limits, and the test of the present vehicle was terminated.

And (4) test conclusion: from the statistical table 4, the service life of the API SN 0W-40 fully synthetic engine oil in the naturally aspirated engine is larger than 532 hours and smaller than 575 hours, the nitration degree of the engine oil in the running time of 532 hours is close to the limit value, and the service life of the A oil can be calibrated to be 550 hours on the naturally aspirated engine. The overall five-car results were between 540 and 560 hours. The repeatability and confidence interval of the whole test is greater than 95% with 550 hours as the calibration service life.

TABLE 4

In the second aspect, the running test of the A fully synthetic oil product is carried out on a supercharged engine.

Five taxi tests of A oil products are supercharged direct injection engines, and the taxi runs on mixed road conditions of urban areas and suburbs. The A boost pressure 0 to the A boost pressure 4 represent four stages of the A oil from new oil to complete the test.

Taking one of the cars as an example, the average speed per hour of the car is about 24.6 km. When the 410 hour test of the a boost 3 node was completed, the indexes oxidation degree 19 and nitration degree 21 of the lubricating oil were already close to the critical values. After forty-seven hours (about one thousand kilometers) of operation from the stage of A pressurization 3 to the stage of A pressurization 4, oil samples are taken and tested, and the viscosity and the wear metals of the lubricating oil are found to be in the use range, but the oxidation degree, the nitration degree and the total acid value increase are all over the limit values. The trolley test was therefore terminated.

The vehicle test conclusion is as follows: as can be seen from the statistical table 5, the life of the supercharged engine under urban road conditions of the oil product A is more than 410 hours and less than 457 hours. The oxidation degree and the nitration degree of the engine oil are close to the limit values in about 410 hours, and the service life of the oil A on a supercharged engine can be calibrated to be about 425 hours. The results for the total five cars ranged from 410 to 440 hours. Using 425 hours as the calibration service life, the repeatability and confidence interval of the whole test is more than 95%.

The test of the comprehensive A fully synthetic oil product on two engines has larger service life result difference, and the service life of the comprehensive A fully synthetic oil product is greatly reduced by about 75-80 percent compared with the service life of a supercharged engine in natural air suction.

TABLE 5

In a third aspect, a drive test was conducted on mineral oil B in a naturally aspirated engine.

The oil B is API SN 5W-30 refined mineral oil. The taxi is loaded with five natural air suction engines, and the road conditions in urban areas are taken as the main conditions. B Nature 0 to B Nature 3 represent three stages from the new oil to the completion of the test for the B oil. A test of one vehicle is selected, and the evaluation of the test is about 18.8 kilometers per hour, which is mainly the urban road condition. When the 314-hour test of B natural 2 node is completed, indexes of oxidation degree 17 and nitration degree 20 of the lubricating oil are not exceeded. For this reason, after forty-one hours of operation from Bnatural 2 to Bnatural 3, the oil sample was again tested and the viscosity and wear metals were found to be within the range of use, but the nitration degree was above the limit and the oxidation and total acid number increase were also close to the limit, so the present trolley test was terminated.

Conclusion of oil product test B: as can be seen from statistical Table 6, the service life of the naturally aspirated engine is greater than 314 hours and less than 355 hours, the nitration degree of the engine oil in the period of nearly 355 hours just exceeds the limit value, and the service life of the B engine oil in the naturally aspirated engine under the urban working condition can be calibrated to be 340 hours.

TABLE 6

In a fourth aspect, a running test was conducted on mineral oil B in a supercharged engine.

Five taxi tests of oil B use a supercharged direct injection engine, and the mixed road conditions of urban areas and suburbs are adopted. The B boost, 0 to 3, represents the three stages of the B oil from new oil to complete the test. Taking one of the cars as an example, the average speed per hour is about 25.2 km. When the 246 hour test of the B boost 2 node was completed, the nitrification degree 21 had approached the critical value. Therefore, after running for forty-one hour (about one thousand kilometers) from the stage of B pressurization 2 to the stage of B pressurization 3, oil samples are taken for testing, and the conventional index viscosity and the wear metals are found to be in the use range, but the oxidation degree is at a critical value, the nitration degree and the increase of the total acid value are obviously over the limit value, so the trolley test is terminated.

And a conclusion of the second vehicle test: from the statistical table 7, the service life of the supercharged engine under urban road conditions of the oil B is longer than 246 hours but shorter than 287 hours, the nitration degree and the acid value increase of the engine oil are close to the limit values after about 246 hours, and the service life of the oil B on the supercharged engine can be calibrated to be 260 hours. The overall five-car results were between 250 and 275 hours. The repeatability and confidence interval of the whole test is greater than 95% with 260 hours as the calibration service life.

The service life of the supercharged engine is greatly reduced by combining the test of the oil B compared with the natural air suction, and is about 75-80 percent.

TABLE 7

The service lives of the two lubricating oils in the twenty taxi driving tests under the urban working conditions are evaluated as shown in the following table 8. Meanwhile, the service life of the supercharged engine oil under the same working condition is about 75-80% of that of the naturally aspirated engine oil, and can be evaluated to be 77%.

TABLE 8

(4) Method for evaluating service life of engine oil by simulating WLTC bench test

The method is characterized in that an engine pedestal is used for simulating the global unified test driving cycle (WLTC) of the light vehicle, the complete index of the lubricating oil is detected in stages after a certain working hour, and the service life of the lubricating oil is calibrated by using the technical scheme (2) of the embodiment of the application. It is a variety of engine bench experiments represented by simulated WLTC operating conditions, including but not limited to the following methods: and (3) simulating circulation tests such as WLTC, NEDC or China working conditions and the like, and self-set working conditions of various automobile manufacturers, such as 500-hour or 800-hour endurance tests and the like which are common to OEMs, and then evaluating the service life of the engine lubricating oil according to the oil index use limit value determined by the technical scheme (2).

The driving cycle is the reflection of the running environment and working condition of the automobile and is the basis for product research and development, test detection and standard formulation.

WLTC is the world Light-duty Test Cycle. The device is uniformly approved and widely used by professional users in different regions of the world in the fields of automobile emission, fuel efficiency and part testing.

The applicant innovatively applies the WLTC simulation working condition to the evaluation of the performance and the service life of the vehicle lubricating oil and obtains an ideal effect. The WLTC working condition has no periodic acceleration and deceleration, so that the condition of high speed and low speed on the road with different congestion degrees in the city can be better reflected. In addition, compared with the NEDC (European driving cycle) test system, the test period of the WLTC is prolonged from 1180s to 1800s, and the test average speed is also increased from 34km/h to 46 km/h. Compared with four urban cycles with the highest vehicle speed of less than 50km/h under the NEDC working condition, the WLTC has longer test period and higher average speed, and the test of the comprehensive performance of the vehicle is stricter in a wider speed range.

The performance and the service life of the lubricating oil are evaluated by simulating the working condition of the bench by the WLTC, the program is simple, the working condition is easy to control, and the repeatability of the test result is good. The two selected oils are the same as the oil products of the urban taxi running test. The first oil product A, API SN 0W-40, fully synthetic engine oil was tested in a pressurized direct injection 1.5 liter TDI engine, and the second oil product B, API SN 5W-30, refined mineral oil was tested in a naturally aspirated 1.6 liter engine. In respective experiments, each oil product is sampled periodically after running for a certain working hour, the indexes of the oil product are detected in a professional laboratory, and finally the service life is calibrated.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic of a simulated WLTC supercharged engine pedestal evaluation A total synthetic oil life, as shown in FIG. 2, for an experimentally simulated WLTC speed of 46.5 km/h. The time points for the test, sampling and testing, starting with the addition of oil A were set as: 100 hours, 200 hours, 300 hours, 350 hours, 400, 450 and 500 hours, corresponding to theoretical driving kilometers as approximately: 4650, 9300, 13950, 16275, 18600, 20925, 23250. The whole set of detection indexes of the lubricating oil are viscosity at 40 and 100 ℃, oxidation degree, nitration degree, total base number, total acid number, ash content, fuel oil dilution, abrasion metal content and the like.

From the beginning to 100 hours and continuing to 300 hours, the oxidation degree and the nitration degree of the oil are in a slow rising trend and reach values of 9 and 12 from 0 of the new oil respectively. The rise was faster after 300 hours, and both indices reached 14 and 20 when 400 hours was reached, but the usage limit had not been reached. The experiment was then continued for 450 hours with an oxidation degree of 17 in the normal range, but a nitration degree of 25, clearly outside the limit criterion 23. The service life of the oil in a supercharged engine is between 400 hours and 450 hours, and can be marked as 425 hours.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a simulated WLTC naturally aspirated engine bench evaluating B mineral oil life, as shown in fig. 3, the test started with B oil addition, with the time points for oil sampling and testing set to: 100 hours, 200 hours, 250 hours, 300 hours, 350, 400 hours, corresponding to theoretical driving kilometers of about: 4650, 9300, 116250, 13950, 16275, 18600. The whole set of detection indexes of the lubricating oil are the same as the above.

From the beginning of the experiment to 100 hours, during 200 hours, the oxidation degree and the nitration degree of the oil product both slowly rise and reach the values of 7 and 9 from 0 of the new oil respectively. The value after 200 hours rises faster, and after 300 hours, the two indexes reach 15 and 18 respectively, but the use space still exists. The experiment was then continued for 350 hours, with an oxidation level of 19 and a nitrification level of 23 to the use limit. After 400 hours, the oxidation degree of 23 and the nitration degree of 30 both obviously exceed the use limit. Finally, the service life of the oil product in a naturally aspirated engine is calibrated to be 350 hours.

(5) Intelligent operation system

Every kind lubricating oil has two life in the intelligent operation system of this application embodiment, corresponds the nature respectively and breathes in and supercharged engine. The service life of the supercharged engine lubricating oil under the same working condition is about 75-80% of that of the naturally aspirated engine lubricating oil. The service lives of the two types of oil are evaluated according to twenty taxi driving tests under urban working conditions, and a correlation coefficient of 77% of the two types of oil is obtained. Under the same conditions, the supercharged engine oil life may be rated as 77% of the naturally aspirated engine oil life. This correlation coefficient is based on the driving test and the engine type described above. If the automobile manufacturer requires to evaluate the service life of the self-priming and supercharging engines of one lubricating oil on specific road conditions and determine the correlation coefficient of the self-priming and supercharging engines, the actual measurement of a specific driving test is taken as the standard.

The intelligent operation system calibrates the service life (oil change maintenance period) of the lubricating oil by the technical scheme (3) or (4) alone or by cross reference, and then inputs the service life value of one or more lubricating oils into the system. After the device is installed on vehicle-mounted hardware, the remaining service life can be calculated according to the type of an engine, the running condition and the running time of lubricating oil, and the maintenance period of the automobile is evaluated.

The following is a comparison between the computing system of the embodiment of the present application and the traditional five thousand kilometers maintenance, and the two automobile maintenance modes are completely different by using the same original factory lubricating oil.

The service life of one kind of lubricating oil is measured and calculated to work hours, then the lubricating oil is installed on vehicle-mounted hardware, the default is that the service life of the new lubricating oil is 100%, 0% represents that the lubricating oil is scrapped and is not suitable for reuse.

The engine type and the type of oil are selected by the vehicle manufacturer or end user.

The driving mileage and the average speed per hour are automatically read, and the working hours of the engine can be read or calculated.

Calculating the remaining lubricating oil life: the new oil life is 100%, minus the percentage of the car run time and the pre-determined life of the oil.

The calculated remaining oil life is between 20% and 0% for reasonable vehicle maintenance time.

And recommending an optimal automobile maintenance scheme according to the type of the engine, the driving road condition and the average speed.

Under the condition that the total driving range is determined, the oil change period calculated by the embodiment of the application is closely related to the driving speed (working condition), and is finally converted into the working hours of the engine/lubricating oil. Running for five thousand kilometers, if the running speed is slow, the oil product working time is long, and the next oil change maintenance time is close. If the speed of time is 15 kilometers per hour, then the maintenance time corresponds to 4500 kilometers at 300 hours. If the speed per hour is 30 kilometers, the maintenance time is 300 hours, and when the automobile reaches five thousand kilometers, the service life of the lubricating oil is 46 percent, and the mileage corresponding to oil change maintenance is nine thousand kilometers. It is fully proved that the oil change and maintenance are scientific according to the working hours of oil products.

TABLE 9

The intelligent maintenance system that this application embodiment provided can install on-vehicle hardware or intelligent terminal, is applicable to automobile manufacturer, engine manufacturer, 4S shop, chain fast repair station, lubricating oil manufacturer, terminal car owner etc.. The calibrated several or dozens of engine oils can be input into a computing system and assembled at OBD ports of original factories, vehicle-mounted hardware, a navigator, a remote monitoring system of automobile service providers (4S shops or quick service shops), a personal mobile phone or an intelligent mobile terminal and the like to form an automobile intelligent maintenance system.

The following is a description of its application to the original automotive manufacturer.

1. The service life of gasoline engine oil in a certain type of vehicle is calibrated according to the technical schemes (1) and (2), and the following two methods are adopted: (assuming that the vehicle type has two engine types of natural aspiration and supercharging)

The technical scheme (3) the service life of the lubricating oil in working hours is evaluated by a driving test of urban road conditions (a taxi test); technical scheme (4) the WLTC simulation bench method is used for evaluating the working hour service life of lubricating oil (engine bench).

The oil life is calibrated by either single calibration or cross-referencing, for example 500 hours, and entered into the on-board hardware.

2. If the model of the natural aspiration model is 500 hours, the model of the booster is 500 times 0.77, namely 385 hours.

3. The service life of the oil product in urban road conditions can be automatically displayed by selecting the type of the engine on a vehicle-mounted system 5.

4. The OBD/navigator of the original vehicle factory displays that the service life of the engine oil is 500 or 385 hours, namely 100 percent of the service life.

5. When the vehicle runs, the vehicle-mounted hardware automatically reads the running mileage and the average speed to calculate the running hours of the engine.

6. When the engine oil is used for 500 or 385 hours from the beginning, the service life of the lubricating oil is in a range from 100% to 0%.

7. When the service life of the oil product is reduced to 20%, the system gives an alarm by a red light to prompt the automobile to enter the oil change maintenance period.

8. The system provided by the embodiment of the application can also provide a lubricating oil selection and optimal maintenance scheme according to different road conditions and driving speeds.

The following is a description of embodiments of the use thereof in the aftermarket of automobiles, such as navigation devices or automobile data recorders equipped with a vehicle network. The steps one to five are the same as those used in automotive original factory applications, and the service life of the lubricating oil is determined, for example, 500 or 385 hours. And sixthly, reading the traveled mileage and the average speed by using a navigator or a vehicle data recorder to calculate and obtain the running hours. The seven, eight and nine steps are the same as those of the automobile factory.

Fig. 4 shows a data acquisition schematic diagram of the intelligent maintenance system of the automobile data recorder, and fig. 5 shows a data docking schematic diagram of the intelligent maintenance system of the automobile data recorder.

Hardware configuration and data processing logic of the intelligent maintenance system on the automobile data recorder are shown in fig. 4 and 5. The hardware configuration requirement is 4G, WIFI, supports various map GPS. The data acquisition system comprises three modules, namely an acquisition device, an acquisition process and an acquisition result (figure four). The data docking system comprises three modules: big data warehouse, data exchange and intelligent push (figure five).

The technical scheme and the operation method of the embodiment of the application are configured on the automobile data recorder to form an automobile intelligent maintenance system.

The method and the system of the embodiment of the application are suitable for all automobile models and engine models, and comprise various testing and calibration of the service life of lubricating oil, related technical parameters, a bench and driving test evaluation method, urban working condition application and the like in the technical schemes (1) to (5).

Therefore, the vehicle-mounted intelligent operation method provided by the embodiment of the application improves the lubricating oil application technology of automobile manufacturers and achieves the purpose of scientifically recommending the maintenance period. Therefore, the maintenance level of the automobile in the after-sale market can be promoted, and the simple and rough five-thousand-kilometer maintenance habit in the prior art is replaced. And oil change maintenance time and scheme can be intelligently recommended to the vehicle owner, and the maintenance period is prolonged by 20% -50%. Therefore, the application of the whole industry is promoted, the consumption of dozens of thousand tons of lubricating oil and the corresponding carbon emission are reduced for the country every year, and the energy conservation and the emission reduction are realized.

In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides an operation method for an automobile maintenance cycle, which is applied to a vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system, and obtains an engine type and a lubricating oil type selected by an automobile manufacturer and/or a terminal user; calculating the service life of the lubricating oil by utilizing a driving test of urban road conditions and/or a WLTC simulation bench method for testing driving cycle of global light vehicles uniformly, and inputting the service life into vehicle-mounted hardware; so that the vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system calculates the residual service life of the lubricating oil and evaluates the maintenance period of the vehicle according to the type of the engine, the running condition and the running time of the lubricating oil. Therefore, the residual service life of the lubricating oil and the maintenance period of the automobile are accurately and conveniently evaluated according to the type of the vehicle engine, the vehicle running condition and the lubricating oil running time.

Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system, as shown in fig. 6, the system includes:

a basic information acquisition module 601, configured to acquire an engine type and a lubricating oil type selected by an automobile manufacturer and/or an end user; and the method is also used for acquiring real-time automobile running conditions including the running mileage, the average speed and the engine working hours.

And the lubricating oil residual life operation module 602 is used for calculating the residual service life of the lubricating oil and evaluating the maintenance cycle of the automobile according to the type of the engine, the running condition and the lubricating oil running time.

In one possible embodiment, the service life of the lubricating oil is divided into a naturally aspirated engine oil life and a supercharged engine oil life, and the supercharged engine oil life is between 75% and 80% of the naturally aspirated engine oil life under the same working condition.

In one possible embodiment, the driving distance and the average speed per hour are automatically read by vehicle hardware, and the engine operating hours are read by vehicle hardware or calculated by the driving distance and the average speed per hour.

In the present specification, each embodiment of the method is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. Reference is made to the description of the method embodiments.

It is noted that while the operations of the methods of the present invention are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this is not a requirement or suggestion that the operations must be performed in this particular order or that all of the illustrated operations must be performed to achieve desirable results. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step execution, and/or one step broken down into multiple step executions.

Although the present application provides method steps as in embodiments or flowcharts, additional or fewer steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive approaches. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one manner of performing the steps in a multitude of orders and does not represent the only order of execution. When an apparatus or client product in practice executes, it may execute sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multithreaded processing environment, or even in a distributed data processing environment) according to the embodiments or methods shown in the figures. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the presence of additional identical or equivalent elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the recited elements is not excluded.

The units, devices, modules, etc. set forth in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various modules by functions, and are described separately. Of course, in implementing the present application, the functions of each module may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware, or a module implementing the same function may be implemented by a combination of a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units, and the like. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller as pure computer readable program code, the same functionality can be implemented by logically programming method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Such a controller may therefore be considered as a hardware component, and the means included therein for performing the various functions may also be considered as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for performing the functions may be regarded as being both a software module for performing the method and a structure within a hardware component.

The application may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, classes, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.

From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present application can be implemented by software plus necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like, and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a mobile terminal, a server, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present application.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. The application is operational with numerous general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, hand-held or portable devices, tablet-type devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable electronic devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like.

The above-mentioned embodiments are further described in detail for the purpose of illustrating the invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automobile maintenance cycle operation method is applied to a vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system of the vehicle-mounted hardware obtains the service life and the working hours of the engine lubricating oil according to the engine type and the engine lubricating oil type selected by an automobile manufacturer and/or a terminal user; when the service life of the engine lubricating oil is in working hours, the engine lubricating oil is measured and calculated by utilizing a driving test of urban road conditions and/or a WLTC simulation bench method for testing driving cycles of global light vehicles in a unified manner according to four key oil change index limit values of the engine lubricating oil;

calculating the remaining service life working hours of the engine lubricating oil according to the service life working hours and the running working conditions of the engine lubricating oil so as to judge the oil change maintenance period of the engine lubricating oil;

the method for calculating the remaining service life of the engine lubricating oil specifically comprises the following steps: automatically reading the driving mileage and the average speed, and calculating to obtain the working hours of the engine, wherein the default service life of the engine lubricating oil is 100%, and 0% represents that the engine lubricating oil can not be reused; calculating the percentage of the working hours of the engine and the obtained working hours of the service life of the engine lubricating oil as a first percentage, and subtracting the first percentage from the initial service life 100% of the engine lubricating oil to obtain the remaining service life of the engine lubricating oil; the obtained engine lubricating oil service life working hours are the engine lubricating oil initial service life working hours;

the four key oil change index limit values of the engine lubricating oil are kinematic viscosity change, increase of total acid value, oxidation degree and nitration degree; the use limit value of the change of the kinematic viscosity is not more than plus or minus 20 percent of the change of the fresh oil, the use limit value of the increment of the total acid value is not more than 2mg/KOH, the use limit value range of the oxidation degree is 18-22, the use limit value range of the nitration degree is 20-25, and the specific limit values of the oxidation degree and the nitration degree are determined according to the formula and the performance of the oil product; the oxidation degree and the nitration degree continuously rise along with the using time of the oil product, and the index of the oil product reaches the use limit value at first and is related to the increase of the total acid value; when the use limit is reached, abnormal wear occurs, as indicated by an abnormal increase in the wear metallic iron element.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the working hours of the engine lubricating oil by using the running test of the urban road conditions comprises the following steps:

step 1: selecting a set number of vehicles with the vehicle ages exceeding the running-in period and meeting the conditions within two years; providing a vehicle with a vehicle data recorder or a navigation device with a function of reading running speed or running time; before the test, the engine lubricating system is flushed for a set number of times, and then the engine lubricating oil for the test is added;

step 2: recording driving parameters, wherein the driving parameters comprise the driving mileage of the whole vehicle, the driving mileage after the lubricating oil of the engine is added, the average driving speed and the working hours of the engine;

and step 3: pre-evaluating the number of usable hours of the engine lubricating oil according to the type of the base oil;

and 4, step 4: setting initial engine lubricating oil detection time and detection period;

and 5: controlling the detection period of the engine lubricating oil, if the key oil change index of the engine lubricating oil is close to the key oil change index limit value of the engine lubricating oil, shortening the detection period according to a set rule until the key oil change index limit value of the engine lubricating oil is reached, and proving that the service life of the engine lubricating oil is terminated;

step 6: sampling the last two times of engine lubricating oil detection before the service life of the engine lubricating oil is ended, wherein the key oil change index of the engine lubricating oil at the previous time is close to or reaches the key oil change index limit value, and the key oil change index of the engine lubricating oil at the later time exceeds the key oil change index limit value; and comparing the two times of engine lubricating oil detection time with the condition that the key oil change index exceeds the standard, and evaluating the engine lubricating oil working hours under the urban road condition.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said calculating engine oil hours of operation using WLTC simulation bench method for global unified test drive cycles for light vehicles comprises:

simulating the working condition of a rack by using WLTC (wafer level temperature test), detecting key oil change indexes of engine lubricating oil in a set running time range in a staged manner, and calculating the working hours of the engine lubricating oil according to any one of the key oil change indexes of the engine lubricating oil and the use limit value of the key oil change indexes; the WLTC simulation bench working condition comprises a WLTC simulation bench method, a new standard European cycle test NEDC, a China working condition cycle test and self-set working conditions of various automobile manufacturers.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the engine oil operating hours are divided into naturally aspirated engine oil life and boosted engine oil life, and the boosted engine oil life is between 75% and 80% of the naturally aspirated engine oil life under the same operating conditions.

5. An on-vehicle intelligent operation system, which is characterized in that the on-vehicle intelligent operation method of any one of claims 1-4 is applied, and the system comprises:

the basic information acquisition module is used for acquiring the service life and the working hours of the engine lubricating oil by a vehicle-mounted intelligent operation system of vehicle-mounted hardware according to the type and the type of the engine lubricating oil selected by an automobile manufacturer and/or a terminal user; when the service life of the engine lubricating oil is in working hours, the engine lubricating oil is measured and calculated by utilizing a driving test of urban road conditions and/or a WLTC simulation bench method for testing driving cycles of global light vehicles in a unified manner according to four key oil change index limit values of the engine lubricating oil;

the engine lubricating oil residual life operation module is used for calculating the engine lubricating oil residual service life working hours according to the engine lubricating oil service life working hours and the running working conditions so as to judge the engine lubricating oil change maintenance period;

the engine lubricating oil residual life operation module is specifically used for: automatically reading the driving mileage and the average speed, and calculating to obtain the working hours of the engine, wherein the default service life of the engine lubricating oil is 100%, and 0% represents that the engine lubricating oil can not be reused; calculating the percentage of the working hours of the engine and the obtained working hours of the service life of the engine lubricating oil as a first percentage, and subtracting the first percentage from the initial service life 100% of the engine lubricating oil to obtain the remaining service life of the engine lubricating oil; the obtained engine lubricating oil service life working hours are the engine lubricating oil initial service life working hours;

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the engine oil life is divided into a naturally aspirated engine oil life and a boosted engine oil life, and the boosted engine oil life is between 75% and 80% of the naturally aspirated engine oil life under the same operating conditions.

7. The system of claim 5, wherein the mileage and average speed are automatically read by on-board hardware, and the engine hours are read by on-board hardware or calculated from the mileage and average speed.