CN112209274B - Emergency operation system - Google Patents

Emergency operation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112209274B
CN112209274B CN202011295137.6A CN202011295137A CN112209274B CN 112209274 B CN112209274 B CN 112209274B CN 202011295137 A CN202011295137 A CN 202011295137A CN 112209274 B CN112209274 B CN 112209274B
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China
Prior art keywords
valve
port
oil
hydraulic
emergency
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CN202011295137.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112209274A (en
Inventor
陈懿
马倩云
李国昌
邓旭毅
谷文平
林云志
周国柏
陈嘉庆
郭安罗
韦淋睦
赵旭
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South China Marine Machinery Co Ltd
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South China Marine Machinery Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011295137.6A priority Critical patent/CN112209274B/en
Publication of CN112209274A publication Critical patent/CN112209274A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B66D1/40—Control devices
    • B66D1/42—Control devices non-automatic
    • B66D1/46—Control devices non-automatic electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B66D1/40—Control devices
    • B66D1/42—Control devices non-automatic
    • B66D1/44—Control devices non-automatic pneumatic of hydraulic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/54—Safety gear

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an emergency operation system, which comprises a 220V alternating current power supply and an emergency system, wherein the emergency system is electrically connected with the 220V alternating current power supply and comprises an electric control system, a hydraulic control system and an emergency motor; the electric control system comprises a main circuit, a control circuit, an electromagnetic reversing valve and a damping circuit, wherein one end of the main circuit is electrically connected with a 220V alternating current power supply, the other end of the main circuit is electrically connected with an emergency motor, the control circuit is electrically connected to the main circuit, and the damping circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit in parallel; the hydraulic control system comprises a hydraulic main system and a hydraulic emergency system, wherein the hydraulic main system comprises a winch, a hydraulic brake, a hydraulic motor, a shuttle valve, a balance valve, a first reversing valve, a second reversing valve, a first ball valve, a lifting oil way AWA port, a descending oil way AWB port, an oil tank oil port and a brake oil way EMP port; the hydraulic emergency system comprises an overflow valve and an electromagnetic reversing valve. The invention has the advantages of no need of voltage transformation during emergency operation, and safe and stable emergency operation.

Description

Emergency operation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to an emergency operation system.
Background
In the traditional crane winch, when the winch acts, in the process of lifting or descending a lifting hook after the lifting hook is released, insufficient brake opening caused by insufficient brake hydraulic oil line pressure occurs, so that the situation of winch brake shake occurs, the risk of re-braking of the winch caused by insufficient brake hydraulic oil line pressure exists, and once the situation of sudden brake occurs in the lifting hook lifting process, cargo unhooking can be caused; when the winch stops acting, high-pressure oil in an oil way of lifting or descending the lifting hook needs to be discharged, but when the oil way of lifting or descending the lifting hook is depressurized, a certain backpressure exists in a brake oil inlet due to the influence of backpressure, so that braking force is reduced.
In addition, when the crane is due to some uncontrollable factors, such as: when lightning stroke, system breakdown and the like cause the crane to lose power or the power device fails, the emergency motor is used for providing power, and the load is placed at a safe position.
The emergency operation process of the existing electric control crane is that the crane drives the actuating element through the line output controlled by the emergency switch, the emergency switch directly connects the electric proportional pilot valve which needs to be electrified with 24V voltage signal, in the process of using the emergency switch to operate the mechanism, the electric proportional pilot valve of the hydraulic motor is directly connected with 24V voltage signal, and after the voltage signal is added at two ends of the pilot valve, a control current larger than 1A is generated, so that the displacement of the hydraulic motor reaches the maximum instantly, the hydraulic system generates a large impact, the mechanism action is not gentle, more serious and even accidents are caused in the emergency operation process, and due to the existence of the impact, the existing crane emergency system is difficult to play the role of the emergency system at the critical moment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an emergency operation system which does not need voltage transformation during emergency operation, is safe and stable in emergency operation, and by utilizing the structure of the invention, when a crane loses power or a power device fails, an emergency motor can be controlled by the emergency operation system to provide power, so that a load is stably lowered, and the emergency operation process is safe and stable.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the emergency operation system comprises a 220V alternating current power supply and an emergency system, wherein the emergency system is electrically connected with the 220V alternating current power supply, and the emergency system comprises an electric control system, a hydraulic control system and an emergency motor.
The electric control system comprises a main circuit, a control circuit and an electromagnetic reversing valve, wherein one end of the main circuit is electrically connected with a 220V alternating current power supply, the other end of the main circuit is electrically connected with an emergency motor, a first manual switch, a main contact moving switch of a relay KM and a main contact of a thermal relay FR are sequentially connected in series on the main circuit, and the control circuit is electrically connected with two phases between the first manual switch and the main contact moving switch of the relay KM.
The control circuit comprises a second manual switch, an auxiliary contact on-off switch of the relay KM, an emergency main switch and an emergency indicator lamp, wherein one end of the second manual switch is electrically connected with the main circuit, the other end of the second manual switch is electrically connected with the auxiliary contact on-off switch of the relay KM and the emergency indicator lamp which are sequentially connected in series, one end of the emergency main switch is connected with a dynamic off switch of the thermal relay FR, the other end of the emergency main switch is connected with a coil of the relay KM, and the coil of the relay KM is connected with the second manual switch.
The electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected with a reversing switch, and the reversing switch of the electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected with a control circuit in parallel.
The hydraulic control system comprises a hydraulic main system and a hydraulic emergency system, wherein the hydraulic main system comprises a winch, a hydraulic brake, a hydraulic motor, a shuttle valve, a balance valve, a first reversing valve, a second reversing valve, a first ball valve, a lifting oil way AWA port, a descending oil way AWB port, an oil tank oil port and a brake oil way EMP port.
The lifting oil way AWA port is connected with an oil inlet of a balance valve, an oil outlet of the balance valve is connected with one end of a hydraulic motor, the descending oil way AWB port and the brake oil way EMP port are connected with the other end of the hydraulic motor in parallel, an oil return port of the hydraulic motor is connected with an oil tank port, a power output end of the hydraulic motor is connected with a winch, a hydraulic brake is clamped and connected with an output end of the hydraulic motor, a first ball valve is normally closed and connected between the hydraulic motor and the brake oil way EMP port, and the balance valve is connected between the hydraulic motor and the lifting oil way AWA port.
The first input end of the shuttle valve is connected with a lifting oil way AWA port, the second input end of the shuttle valve is connected with a descending oil way AWB port, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are two-position two-way hydraulic reversing valves, signal oil ways of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are connected with the output end of the shuttle valve in parallel, an oil inlet of the first reversing valve is connected between a brake oil way EMP port and a first ball valve, output oil ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are connected with a hydraulic brake in parallel, and an oil return port of the first reversing valve and an oil return port of the second reversing valve are connected with an oil tank oil port in parallel; the oil inlet of the second reversing valve is not communicated; the reversing pressure value set by the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve is smaller than the pressure required by hydraulic brake release, and the pressure required by hydraulic brake release is smaller than the oil supply pressure of the first input end or the second input end of the shuttle valve; and a normally open fourth ball valve is connected between the second input end of the shuttle valve and the AWB port of the descending oil way.
The hydraulic emergency system comprises an overflow valve and an electromagnetic reversing valve, wherein a P port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an oil outlet of an emergency hydraulic pump driven by an emergency motor, an O port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an oil tank port, a B port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a brake oil path EMP port, an A port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the oil tank port, an input end of the overflow valve is connected between the P port of the electromagnetic reversing valve and the emergency motor in parallel, and an output end of the overflow valve is connected between the O port of the electromagnetic reversing valve and the oil tank port in parallel.
When the crane works normally, under the action of the hydraulic motor, hydraulic oil flows through the balance valve from the AWA port of the lifting oil way and then enters the hydraulic motor, hydraulic oil on the lifting oil way simultaneously flows through the shuttle valve, the output end of the shuttle valve outputs signal oil and flows to the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve, so that the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are reversed, hydraulic oil at the EMP port of the brake oil way flows through the first reversing valve and then opens a hydraulic brake, and the winch ascends; or hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic motor and the shuttle valve from the descending oil way AWB port respectively, and when the hydraulic motor is replenished with oil, the hydraulic oil flows through the shuttle valve to enable the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve to be shifted, and the hydraulic oil at the brake oil way EMP port flows through the first reversing valve to open a hydraulic brake, so that the winch descends.
When the crane loses power or the power device fails, emergency is carried out through the following steps:
1) The first manual switch is closed so that the emergency system turns on the 220V ac power supply.
2) And closing the second manual switch and the reversing switch to reverse the electromagnetic reversing valve.
3) And closing the emergency main switch to enable the coil of the relay KM to be electrified, so that the main contact of the relay KM and the auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM are closed, the auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM is opened, and the emergency motor is electrified.
4) The first ball valve is opened, the fourth ball valve is closed, the emergency hydraulic pump driven by the emergency motor pumps hydraulic oil in an oil tank to be supplied to the brake oil way after passing through the electromagnetic directional valve, when the oil pressure is larger than the overflow pressure of the overflow valve in the oil supply process, redundant hydraulic oil overflows from the overflow valve, when the emergency hydraulic oil is pumped into an EMP port of the brake oil way, the emergency hydraulic oil is divided into four paths through the first ball valve, the first path flows to the first directional valve, the second path flows into one end of the hydraulic motor, the third path flows into one input of the shuttle valve, the fourth path flows to the control end of the balance overflow valve through the third ball valve and the one-way throttle valve, the hydraulic oil flowing into the shuttle valve controls the first directional valve and the second directional valve to change direction, at the moment, the hydraulic oil passing through the first directional valve opens the hydraulic brake, the descending motion of a steel wire rope on a corresponding winch of the hydraulic motor is realized, and the hydraulic oil flowing through the hydraulic motor flows back to the oil tank from the balance valve and the AWA port of the lifting oil cylinder.
5) When the emergency operation is finished, the emergency main switch, the reversing switch, the second main switch and the first main switch are sequentially disconnected, so that the coil of the relay KM is powered off, the main contact of the relay KM and the auxiliary contact moving switch of the relay KM are disconnected, the auxiliary contact moving switch of the relay KM is closed, the electromagnetic reversing valve is reset, the emergency motor is powered off and unloaded, the hydraulic brake is closed, and the winch stops acting, so that the emergency operation is finished.
According to the system, for a hydraulic main system, under the action of a hydraulic pump, hydraulic oil flows through a balance valve from an AWA port of a lifting oil way and then enters a hydraulic motor, hydraulic oil on the lifting oil way simultaneously flows through a shuttle valve, the output end of the shuttle valve outputs signal oil, so that a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve are used for reversing, and hydraulic oil at an EMP port of a brake oil way flows through the first reversing valve and then opens a hydraulic brake, so that a winch ascends; or hydraulic oil respectively enters the hydraulic motor and the shuttle valve from the descending oil way AWB port, and when the hydraulic motor supplies oil, the hydraulic oil flows through the shuttle valve to enable the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve to be shifted, and the hydraulic oil at the brake oil way EMP port flows through the first reversing valve to open a hydraulic brake, so that the winch descends.
When the winch stops acting, the lifting oil way AWA port or the descending oil way AWB port does not supply oil, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are reset under the action of the spring, and hydraulic oil of the hydraulic brake enters an oil tank oil port so as to drain the hydraulic oil, so that the hydraulic brake is closed; the reversing pressure value set by the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve is smaller than the pressure required by releasing the hydraulic brake, so that the situation that a certain backpressure exists in an oil inlet of the hydraulic brake due to the influence of backpressure when the lifting oil way AWA port or the descending oil way AWB port does not supply oil is avoided, and the braking force is reduced. In addition, in order to prevent the hydraulic control reversing valve from being blocked by dirt and not being capable of timely discharging hydraulic oil, the hydraulic control reversing valves which are connected in parallel are arranged on the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve, so that the other hydraulic control reversing valve can discharge hydraulic oil when one hydraulic control reversing valve fails, and therefore enough pressure can be provided to open a hydraulic brake when a winch acts, and after the winch stops working, the hydraulic brake is quickly reset, so that the safety and reliability of the brake are guaranteed, and the braking force is sufficient.
For the emergency system, when the crane loses power or the power device fails, an emergency operation method is adopted to conduct emergency operation, the first manual switch is closed to enable the electric control system to be connected with a 220V alternating current power supply, the electromagnetic reversing valve is controlled to be electrified and reversed, the second manual switch and the electromagnetic reversing valve are closed, the emergency main switch in the control circuit is closed to enable the coil of the relay KM to be electrified, the main contact of the relay KM on the main circuit and the auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM on the control circuit are closed, the auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM on the moisture-removing circuit is disconnected, the emergency motor is electrified, hydraulic oil in the oil tank is pumped out by the emergency motor to provide emergency hydraulic oil for the hydraulic system, in the process, winch braking can be timely opened, driving hydraulic oil can be provided for the hydraulic motor to descend, meanwhile control oil can be provided for the control end of the balance overflow valve, the back pressure of the balance overflow valve is increased, the winch is slowly descended, and safety accidents caused by rapid descending of goods or people after the system is out of control are avoided.
When the load is placed at a safe position, an emergency main switch in the control circuit is turned off, so that a coil of the relay KM is powered off, a main contact of the relay KM and an auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM are turned off, an auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM is turned on, an emergency motor is powered off, an electromagnetic reversing valve and a second manual switch are turned off, and the emergency motor is unloaded, so that the brake pressure is sufficient, safe and stable during emergency operation.
Further, a moisture-removing circuit is connected to the second manual switch; the damping circuit is provided with an electric heating wire, an auxiliary contact moving disconnection switch of the relay KM, a damping switch and a damping indicating lamp, the damping switch is a single-pole double-throw switch, the auxiliary contact moving disconnection switch of the relay KM is electrically connected with the damping switch, the damping switch is electrically connected with the electric heating wire, the damping indicating lamp is electrically connected with the damping switch in parallel, and the electric heating wire is arranged in the emergency motor. Thus, the emergency motor can be used for dispelling damp when the emergency motor does not work.
Further, the balance valve comprises a balance one-way valve and a balance overflow valve, an oil outlet of the balance one-way valve is connected with an oil inlet of the balance overflow valve, and a pressure relief port of the balance overflow valve is connected with a brake oil way EMP port.
Further, a throttle valve is connected between an oil outlet of the balance one-way valve and an oil inlet of the balance overflow valve, and the other end of the throttle valve is connected with an adjustable throttle valve.
Further, one end of the adjustable throttle valve is connected with a second ball valve.
Further, a pressure measuring point is arranged between the output ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve and the hydraulic brake, and the pressure measuring point is convenient for observing whether the oil pressure of the hydraulic brake reaches the standard pressure.
Further, a one-way throttling point is connected between the control end of the balance overflow valve and the first ball valve, the other end of the one-way throttling point is connected with a third ball valve, and the third ball valve is connected with the one-way throttling point in series.
Further, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are two-position four-way hydraulic reversing valves.
Further, a normally closed emergency ball valve is further connected between the port B of the electromagnetic reversing valve and the EMP port of the brake oil way.
Further, the hydraulic motor is a bi-directional hydraulic motor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an electrical control system in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a hydraulic control system in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the main circuit principle of the electric control system in the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of the electric control system according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a moisture-removing circuit of the electric control system according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an emergency motor of the electric control system according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the electromagnetic directional valve of the electric control system in the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic main system of the hydraulic system according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an emergency system of the hydraulic system according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged partial schematic view at a in fig. 8.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1-10, an emergency operation system comprises a 220V ac power supply and an emergency system, wherein the emergency system is electrically connected with the 220V ac power supply and comprises an electric control system, a hydraulic control system and an emergency motor 3.
The electric control system comprises a main circuit 11, a control circuit 12, an electromagnetic reversing valve 13 and a damping circuit 14, wherein one end of the main circuit 11 is electrically connected with a 220V alternating current power supply, the other end of the main circuit 11 is electrically connected with an emergency motor 3, as shown in fig. 3, a first manual switch 111, a main contact movable switch of a relay KM and a main contact of a thermal relay FR are sequentially connected in series on the main circuit 11, the control circuit 12 is electrically connected with two phases between the first manual switch 111 and the main contact movable switch KM, and the damping circuit 14 is electrically connected with the control circuit 12 in parallel.
As shown in fig. 4, the control circuit 12 includes a second manual switch 121, a movable disconnection switch of the thermal relay FR, an auxiliary contact movable disconnection switch of the relay KM, an emergency main switch 122, and an emergency indicator lamp 123, one end of the second manual switch 121 is electrically connected to the main circuit 11, the other end is electrically connected to the movable disconnection switch of the thermal relay FR, the auxiliary contact movable disconnection switch of the relay KM, and the emergency indicator lamp 123, one end of the emergency main switch 122 is connected to the movable disconnection switch of the thermal relay FR, the other end is connected to the coil of the relay KM, and the coil of the relay KM is connected to the second manual switch 121.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the moisture-dispelling circuit 14 is electrically connected to the control circuit 12, the moisture-dispelling circuit 14 is provided with an electric heating wire 141, an auxiliary contact moving switch of a relay KM, a moisture-dispelling switch 142 and a moisture-dispelling indicator 143, the moisture-dispelling switch 142 is a single-pole double-throw switch, the auxiliary contact moving switch of the relay KM is electrically connected with the moisture-dispelling switch 142, the moisture-dispelling switch 142 is electrically connected with the electric heating wire 141, the moisture-dispelling indicator 143 is electrically connected with the moisture-dispelling switch 142 in parallel, and the electric heating wire 141 is arranged in the emergency motor 3.
As shown in fig. 7, the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is electrically connected to a directional switch, and the directional switch 131 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is electrically connected to the control circuit 12 in parallel.
As shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic control system includes a hydraulic main system 21 and a hydraulic emergency system 22, and as shown in fig. 8, the hydraulic main system 21 includes a winch 211, a hydraulic brake 212, a hydraulic motor 213, a shuttle valve 214, a balance valve 215, a first reversing valve 216, a second reversing valve 217, a first ball valve 2181, a lifting oil path AWA port, a lowering oil path AWB port, an oil tank port 210, and a brake oil path EMP port.
The lifting oil way AWA port is connected with an oil inlet of the balance valve 215, an oil outlet of the balance valve 215 is connected with one end of the hydraulic motor 213, the descending oil way AWB port and the brake oil way EMP port are connected with the other end of the hydraulic motor 213 in parallel, an oil return port of the hydraulic motor 213 is connected with the oil tank port 210, a power output end of the hydraulic motor 213 is connected with a winch, the hydraulic brake 212 is clamped and connected with an output end of the hydraulic motor 213, the first ball valve 2181 is normally closed and connected between the hydraulic motor 213 and the brake oil way EMP port, and the balance valve 215 is connected between the hydraulic motor 213 and the lifting oil way AWA port.
The first input end of the shuttle valve 214 is connected with a lifting oil way AWA port, the second input end of the shuttle valve 214 is connected with a descending oil way AWB port, the first reversing valve 216 and the second reversing valve 217 are two-position three-way hydraulic reversing valves, signal oil ways of the first reversing valve 216 and the second reversing valve 217 are connected with the output end of the shuttle valve 214 in parallel, an oil inlet of the first reversing valve 216 is connected between a brake oil way EMP port and a first ball valve 2181, oil outlets of the first reversing valve 216 and the second reversing valve 217 are connected with the hydraulic brake 212 in parallel, and oil return ports of the first reversing valve 216 and the second reversing valve 217 are connected with the oil tank oil port 210 in parallel; the oil inlet of the second reversing valve 217 is not communicated; the first reversing valve 216 and the second reversing valve 217 set a reversing pressure value that is less than the pressure required to release the hydraulic brake 212, and the pressure required to release the hydraulic brake 212 is less than the oil supply pressure to the first input or the second input of the shuttle valve 214.
As shown in fig. 9, the hydraulic emergency system 22 includes an overflow valve 221 and an electromagnetic directional valve 13, a P port 132 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is connected to an oil outlet of an emergency hydraulic pump 31 driven by the emergency motor 3, an O port 133 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is connected to an oil tank port 210, a B port 134 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is connected to a brake oil line EMP port, an a port 135 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 is connected to the oil tank port 210, an input end of the overflow valve 221 is connected between the P port 132 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 and the emergency hydraulic pump 31, and an output end of the overflow valve 221 is connected between the O port 133 of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 and the oil tank port 210.
As shown in fig. 10, balance valve 215 includes a balance check valve 2151 and a balance relief valve 2152, the oil outlet of balance check valve 2151 being connected to the oil inlet of balance relief valve 2152, the pressure relief port of balance relief valve 2152 being connected to the brake oil line EMP port; a throttle valve 2153 is connected between the oil outlet of balance check valve 2151 and the oil inlet of balance relief valve 2152, and an adjustable throttle valve 2154 is connected to the other end of throttle valve 2153; one end of the adjustable throttle valve 2154 is connected to a second ball valve 2182 that is normally closed.
A one-way throttle valve 2155 is connected in series between the control end of the balance relief valve 2152 and the first ball valve 2181, the other end of the one-way throttle valve 2155 is connected with a normally open third ball valve 2183, and the third ball valve 2183 is connected in series with the one-way throttle valve 2155.
A pressure measuring point 2121 is provided between the output ports of the first reversing valve 216 and the second reversing valve 217 and the hydraulic brake 212, so that it is convenient to observe whether the oil pressure of the hydraulic brake 2 reaches the standard pressure.
And a normally-closed emergency ball valve 2184 is also connected between the port B of the electromagnetic directional valve 13 and the brake oil way EMP port.
A fourth ball valve 2185 which is normally open is connected between the second input end of the shuttle valve 214 and the AWB port of the descending oil path.
The embodiment comprises a moisture removal method and an emergency operation method.
The moisture-removing method comprises the following steps:
a. the first manual switch is closed, so that the electric control system is connected with the 220V alternating current power supply.
B. closing the second manual switch and the damp-dispelling switch to enable the damp-dispelling circuit to be electrified, and enabling the heating wire to generate heat to dispel damp for the emergency motor.
C. and after the moisture is removed, the first manual switch, the second manual switch and the moisture removing switch are disconnected.
The emergency operation method comprises the following steps:
1) The first manual switch is closed, so that the electric control system is connected with the 220V alternating current power supply.
2) And closing the second manual switch and the reversing switch to reverse the electromagnetic reversing valve.
3) And closing the emergency main switch to enable the coil of the relay KM to be electrified, so that the main contact of the relay KM and the auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM are closed, the auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM is opened, the emergency motor is electrified, and meanwhile, the emergency indicator lamp is lightened.
4) The first ball valve 2181 is opened, the fourth ball valve 2185 is closed, the emergency hydraulic pump driven by the emergency motor pumps hydraulic oil in the oil tank to pass through the electromagnetic directional valve and then to be supplied to the brake oil path, in the oil supply process, when the oil pressure is larger than the overflow pressure of the overflow valve, redundant hydraulic oil overflows from the overflow valve and plays a role of stabilizing the hydraulic oil pressure, when the emergency hydraulic oil is pumped into an EMP port of the brake oil path, the emergency hydraulic oil is divided into four paths through the first ball valve, the first path flows to the first directional valve 216, the second path flows into one end of the hydraulic motor, the third path flows into one input of the shuttle valve, the fourth path flows to the control end of the balance overflow valve through the third ball valve 2183 and the one-way throttle valve 2155, the hydraulic oil flowing into the shuttle valve controls the first directional valve and the second directional valve to be switched on, at the moment, the hydraulic oil passing through the first directional valve opens the hydraulic brake, the descending motion of a steel wire rope on a corresponding winch of the hydraulic motor is realized, and the hydraulic oil flowing through the hydraulic motor flows back to the oil tank from the balance valve and the AWA port of the lifting cylinder.
5) When the emergency operation is finished, the emergency main switch, the reversing switch, the second main switch and the first main switch are sequentially disconnected, so that the coil of the relay KM is powered off, the main contact of the relay KM and the auxiliary contact moving switch of the relay KM are disconnected, the auxiliary contact moving switch of the relay KM is closed, the electromagnetic reversing valve is reset, the emergency motor is powered off and unloaded, the hydraulic brake is closed, and the winch stops acting, so that the emergency operation is finished.
According to the method, when the emergency motor is not needed, the electric heating and moisture-removing method can be adopted to regularly perform electric heating and moisture-removing on the emergency motor, and when the electric heating and moisture-removing is performed, the first manual switch, the second manual switch and the closed moisture-removing switch are sequentially closed, so that the heating wire heats and removes moisture from the emergency motor, the service life of the emergency motor is prolonged, and the safety of the emergency motor is improved; when the crane loses power or the power device fails, emergency operation is performed by adopting an emergency operation method, a first manual switch is closed to enable an electric control system to be connected with a 220V alternating current power supply, an electromagnetic reversing valve is controlled to be electrified and reversed, a second manual switch and the electromagnetic reversing valve are closed, an emergency main switch in a control circuit is closed to enable coils of a relay KM to be electrified, a main contact of the relay KM on the main circuit and an auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM on the control circuit are closed, an auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM on a moisture-driving circuit is opened, an emergency motor is electrified, hydraulic oil in an oil tank is pumped out by the emergency motor to provide emergency hydraulic oil for a hydraulic system, in the process, winch braking can be timely opened, driving hydraulic oil can be provided for descending of the hydraulic motor, control oil can be provided for a control end of a balance overflow valve at the same time, and back pressure of the balance overflow valve is increased, the winch is slowly descended, and safety accidents caused by rapid descending of goods or people after the system is out of control are avoided.
When the load is placed at a safe position, an emergency main switch in the control circuit is turned off, so that a coil of the relay KM is powered off, a main contact of the relay KM and an auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM are turned off, an auxiliary contact movable switch of the relay KM is turned on, an emergency motor is powered off, an electromagnetic reversing valve and a second manual switch are turned off, and the emergency motor is unloaded, so that the brake pressure is sufficient, safe and stable during emergency operation.
The control circuit 12 is also provided with a movable disconnection switch of the thermal relay FR, one end of the movable disconnection switch of the thermal relay FR is electrically connected with the second manual switch 121, and the other end of the movable disconnection switch of the thermal relay FR is electrically connected with an auxiliary contact movable disconnection switch of the relay KM and an emergency main switch 122 in parallel.
In this embodiment, the working principle of the hydraulic main system is: under the action of a hydraulic pump, hydraulic oil flows through a balance valve from an AWA port of a lifting oil way and then enters a hydraulic motor, hydraulic oil on the lifting oil way simultaneously flows through a shuttle valve, and the output end of the shuttle valve outputs signal oil, so that the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are reversed, and hydraulic oil at an EMP port of a brake oil way flows through the first reversing valve and then opens a hydraulic brake, so that a winch ascends; or hydraulic oil respectively enters the hydraulic motor and the shuttle valve from the descending oil way AWB port, and when the hydraulic motor supplies oil, the hydraulic oil flows through the shuttle valve to enable the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve to be shifted, and the hydraulic oil at the brake oil way EMP port flows through the first reversing valve to open a hydraulic brake, so that the winch descends.
When the winch stops acting, the lifting oil way AWA port or the descending oil way AWB port does not supply oil, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are reset under the action of the spring, and hydraulic oil of the hydraulic brake enters an oil tank oil port so as to drain the hydraulic oil, so that the hydraulic brake is closed; the reversing pressure value set by the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve is smaller than the pressure required by releasing the hydraulic brake, so that the situation that a certain backpressure exists in an oil inlet of the hydraulic brake due to the influence of backpressure when the lifting oil way AWA port or the descending oil way AWB port does not supply oil is avoided, and the braking force is reduced. In addition, in order to prevent the hydraulic control reversing valve from being blocked by dirt and not being capable of timely discharging hydraulic oil, the hydraulic control reversing valves which are connected in parallel are arranged on the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve, so that the other hydraulic control reversing valve can discharge hydraulic oil when one hydraulic control reversing valve fails, and therefore enough pressure can be provided to open a hydraulic brake when a winch acts, and after the winch stops working, the hydraulic brake is quickly reset, so that the safety and reliability of the brake are guaranteed, and the braking force is sufficient.
In this embodiment, since the first, second and third ball valves and the throttle valve, the adjustable throttle valve and the one-way throttle valve are provided, when the lifting oil way AWA port supplies oil, the second ball valve can be opened, and the hydraulic oil input to the hydraulic motor can be discharged through the throttle valve and the adjustable throttle valve and the second ball valve, so that the lifting speed can be adjusted. If the descending oil way AWB port supplies oil, part of hydraulic oil enters the control end from the third ball valve and the balance one-way valve to provide additional back pressure for the balance overflow valve, so that the descending is balanced, meanwhile, the second ball valve can be opened, back pressure is provided for oil return of the hydraulic motor through the second ball valve, the adjustable throttle valve and the throttle valve, and the descending is further gentle.

Claims (8)

1. An emergency operation system, comprising a 220V ac power supply and an emergency system, characterized in that: the emergency system is electrically connected with the 220V alternating current power supply and comprises an electric control system, a hydraulic control system and an emergency motor;
The electric control system comprises a main circuit, a control circuit and an electromagnetic reversing valve, wherein one end of the main circuit is electrically connected with a 220V alternating current power supply, the other end of the main circuit is electrically connected with an emergency motor, a first manual switch, a main contact movable switch of a relay KM and a main contact of a thermal relay FR are sequentially connected in series on the main circuit, and the control circuit is electrically connected with two phases between the first manual switch and the main contact movable switch of the relay KM;
The control circuit comprises a second manual switch, an auxiliary contact on-off switch of the relay KM, an emergency main switch and an emergency indicator lamp, wherein one end of the second manual switch is electrically connected with the main circuit, the other end of the second manual switch is electrically connected with the auxiliary contact on-off switch and the emergency indicator lamp of the relay KM which are sequentially connected in series, one end of the emergency main switch is connected with a dynamic off switch of the thermal relay FR, the other end of the emergency main switch is connected with a coil of the relay KM, and the coil of the relay KM is connected with the second manual switch;
the electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected with a reversing switch, and the reversing switch of the electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected with the control circuit in parallel;
The hydraulic control system comprises a hydraulic main system and a hydraulic emergency system, wherein the hydraulic main system comprises a winch, a hydraulic brake, a hydraulic motor, a shuttle valve, a balance valve, a first reversing valve, a second reversing valve, a first ball valve, a lifting oil way AWA port, a descending oil way AWB port, an oil tank oil port and a brake oil way EMP port;
The lifting oil way AWA port is connected with an oil inlet of a balance valve, an oil outlet of the balance valve is connected with one end of a hydraulic motor, a descending oil way AWB port and a brake oil way EMP port are connected with the other end of the hydraulic motor in parallel, an oil return port of the hydraulic motor is connected with an oil tank port, a power output end of the hydraulic motor is connected with a winch, a hydraulic brake is clamped and connected with an output end of the hydraulic motor, a first ball valve is normally closed and connected between the hydraulic motor and the brake oil way EMP port, and the balance valve is connected between the hydraulic motor and the lifting oil way AWA port;
The first input end of the shuttle valve is connected with a lifting oil way AWA port, the second input end of the shuttle valve is connected with a descending oil way AWB port, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are two-position two-way hydraulic reversing valves, signal oil ways of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are connected with the output end of the shuttle valve in parallel, an oil inlet of the first reversing valve is connected between a brake oil way EMP port and a first ball valve, output oil ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are connected with a hydraulic brake in parallel, and an oil return port of the first reversing valve and an oil return port of the second reversing valve are connected with an oil tank oil port in parallel; the oil inlet of the second reversing valve is not communicated; the reversing pressure value set by the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve is smaller than the pressure required by hydraulic brake release, and the pressure required by hydraulic brake release is smaller than the oil supply pressure of the first input end or the second input end of the shuttle valve; a normally open fourth ball valve is connected between the second input end of the shuttle valve and the AWB port of the descending oil way;
The hydraulic emergency system comprises an overflow valve and an electromagnetic reversing valve, wherein a P port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an oil outlet of an emergency hydraulic pump driven by an emergency motor, an O port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an oil tank port, a B port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a brake oil path EMP port, an A port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the oil tank port, an input end of the overflow valve is connected between the P port of the electromagnetic reversing valve and the emergency motor in parallel, and an output end of the overflow valve is connected between the O port of the electromagnetic reversing valve and the oil tank port in parallel;
a pressure measuring point is arranged between the output ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve and the hydraulic brake;
The electromagnetic reversing valve is a two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve.
2. An emergency operation system according to claim 1, wherein: a moisture-removing circuit is connected to the second manual switch; the damping circuit is provided with an electric heating wire, an auxiliary contact moving disconnection switch of the relay KM, a damping switch and a damping indicating lamp, the damping switch is a single-pole double-throw switch, the auxiliary contact moving disconnection switch of the relay KM is electrically connected with the damping switch, the damping switch is electrically connected with the electric heating wire, the damping indicating lamp is electrically connected with the damping switch in parallel, and the electric heating wire is arranged in the emergency motor.
3. An emergency operation system according to claim 1, wherein: the balance valve comprises a balance one-way valve and a balance overflow valve, an oil outlet of the balance one-way valve is connected with an oil inlet of the balance overflow valve, and a pressure relief port of the balance overflow valve is connected with a brake oil way EMP port.
4. An emergency operation system according to claim 3, wherein: a throttle valve is connected between the oil outlet of the balance one-way valve and the oil inlet of the balance overflow valve, and the other end of the throttle valve is connected with an adjustable throttle valve.
5. The emergency operation system according to claim 4, wherein: one end of the adjustable throttle valve is connected with a second ball valve.
6. An emergency operation system according to claim 3, wherein: a one-way throttle valve is connected in series between the control end of the balance overflow valve and the first ball valve, the other end of the one-way throttle valve is connected with a third ball valve, and the third ball valve is connected in series with the one-way throttle valve.
7. An emergency operation system according to claim 1, wherein: and a normally closed emergency ball valve is also connected between the port B of the electromagnetic reversing valve and the EMP port of the brake oil way.
8. An emergency operation system according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic motor is a bidirectional hydraulic motor.
CN202011295137.6A 2020-11-18 2020-11-18 Emergency operation system Active CN112209274B (en)

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CN214141354U (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-09-07 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 Emergency operation system

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AT514116A1 (en) * 2013-04-09 2014-10-15 Ttcontrol Gmbh A control system and method for controlling the orientation of a segment of a manipulator
CN103274300B (en) * 2013-06-05 2015-12-09 长沙桑尼重工机械有限公司 Intelligent distant control lorry-mounted crane
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