CN111852717A - 一种基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放的***及控制方法 - Google Patents
一种基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放的***及控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放的***及控制方法,属于汽车制造技术领域,本发明以降低油耗和排放为目的,针对目前缺少利用风能减少整车油耗和排放方法的问题,本发明在传统燃油车的基础上增加了一套风力发电装置,利用车辆行驶中的风能转化为电能储存于电池中,并在冷启动阶段加热冷却水和三元催化器,快速提高冷却水温度,缩短三元催化器起燃时间,从而达到降低油耗和减排的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种降低整车油耗、排放的***及控制方法,
背景技术
随着排放法规和油耗法规的日趋严格,节能减排已成为当今发动机发展的首要目标。
在排放测试过程中,冷启动阶段产生的HC和CO排放占整个测试总排放量的50%-80%,颗粒物排放也较高,这主要是由于冷启动阶段机体温度和冷却水温度均较低,油气混合不均匀,燃烧不充分,导致油耗、HC、CO和颗粒物的排放量增加。燃烧不充分也导致了排气温度较低,三元催化器无法快速达到起燃温度,转化效率低。所以在冷启动阶段快速提高冷却水温度和三元催化器温度可以有效的降低污染物的排放并降低油耗。
目前提高冷启动冷却水温度的方法主要是利用排气能量,通过高温排气引流至冷却循环管路,或采用热传导装置加热冷却水,或根据工况改善喷油策略等。对于快速提高三元催化器温度,通常采用增加循环喷油量、减小喷油提前角等方式,但同时会增加HC、CO的排放量。或者利用蓄电池对三元催化器进行加热,但耗电量较大,容易馈电。
为了进一步节能减排,可再生能源在汽车领域的应用也备受关注。风能是车辆行驶中的伴生能源,同时也是无污染的可再生资源,但目前风能应用于汽车中的研究较少,主要集中于纯风力发电汽车或作为辅助能源应用于纯电动车。
发明内容
本发明的目的是利用车辆行驶中的风能,通过风力发电装置转化为电能储存于电池中,并在发动机冷启动阶段加热冷却水和三元催化器,快速提高冷却水温度,缩短三元催化器达到起燃温度的时间,进而形成一种基于风力发电的降低油耗和排放的***及控制方法。
本发明为解决上述技术问题采取的技术方案是:一种基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放的***及控制方法。本发明的基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放的***在传统燃油车的基础上增加了一套风力发电装置。
一种基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放的***具体包括:叶轮1、发电机2、充电电路开关3、电池4、电池BMS5、CAN总线6、发动机ECU7、冷却回路电加热装置8、三元催化器电加热装置9、三元催化器10、三元催化器温度传感器11、控制线12、冷却水温度传感器13、发动机14、信号线15和整车控制器16。
叶轮1与发电机2连接构成风力发电机,风力发电机与电池4经由充电电路开关3控制是否连接,电池4与冷却回路电加热装置8、三元催化器电加热装置9连接,电池BMS 5、发动机ECU 7信号由CAN总线6连接整车控制器,冷却水温度传感器13布置于发动机14冷却水路,三元催化器温度传感器11布置于三元催化器10,冷却水温度传感器13、三元催化器温度传感器11由信号线15连接整车控制器16。
本发明的控制方法为:
步骤1:由整车控制器检测发动机是否启动,若检测到发动机启动,则执行步骤2,否则结束;
步骤2:整车控制器读取发动机冷却水温度T1和三元催化器温度T2,分别与T1阈值和三元催化器起燃温度T2阈值进行对比,若T1>T1阈值且T2>T2阈值,则为热机状态执行步骤12,否则为冷机状态,执行步骤3;
步骤3:读取电池容量SOC,若SOC>30%,执行步骤4,否则执行步骤5;
步骤4:读取发动机冷却水温度T1,若T1<T1阈值,执行步骤7,否则执行步骤10;
步骤5:整车控制器读取车速,若车速大于10km/h,风机达到启动速度,执行步骤6,否则返回步骤3;
步骤6:关闭充电电路开关,利用风力发电对电池进行充电,返回步骤3;
步骤7:读取三元催化器温度T2,若T2<T2阈值,执行步骤8,否则执行步骤9;
步骤8:电池放电,同时连接冷却回路电加热装置和三元催化器电加热装置,同时加热冷却水和三元催化器,转至步骤4;
步骤9:电池放电,连接冷却回路电加热装置,加热冷却水,转至步骤4;
步骤10:读取三元催化器温度T2,若T2<T2阈值,执行步骤11,否则结束控制;
步骤11:电池放电,连接三元催化器电加热装置,加热催化器,返回步骤4;
步骤12:读取电池容量SOC,若SOC<90%,执行步骤13,否则结束控制;
步骤13:整车控制器读取车速,若车速大于10km/h,风机达到启动速度,执行步骤14,否则返回步骤12;
步骤14:关闭充电电路开关,利用风力发电对电池进行充电,返回步骤12。
T1阈值、T2阈值通过试验台架标定得到。
本发明的有益效果是:通过本发明基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放的***及控制方法,利用车辆行驶中的风能,通过风力发电装置转化为电能储存于电池中。在发动机冷启动阶段电池放电,通过电加热装置加热冷却水和三元催化器,快速提高冷却水温度,缩短三元催化器达到起燃温度的时间,从而达到降低油耗和排放的目的。同时可额外为车上电器供电,进一步降低油耗。
附图说明
图1是本发明基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放***的结构示意图。
图2是本发明基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放***的控制流程。
图1中1.叶轮、2.发电机、3.充电电路开关、4.电池、5.电池BMS、6.CAN总线、7.发动机ECU、8.冷却回路电加热装置、9.三元催化器电加热装置、10.三元催化器、11.三元催化器温度传感器、12.控制线、13.冷却水温度传感器、14.发动机、15.信号线、16.整车控制器。
具体实施方式
为使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
一种基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放的***具体包括:叶轮1、发电机2、充电电路开关3、电池4、电池BMS5、CAN总线6、发动机ECU7、冷却回路电加热装置8、三元催化器电加热装置9、三元催化器10、三元催化器温度传感器11、控制线12、冷却水温度传感器13、发动机14、信号线15和整车控制器16。
叶轮1与发电机2连接构成风力发电机,风力发电机与电池4经由充电电路开关3控制是否连接,电池4与冷却回路电加热装置8、三元催化器电加热装置9连接,电池BMS 5、发动机ECU 7信号由CAN总线6连接整车控制器,冷却水温度传感器13布置于发动机14冷却水路,三元催化器温度传感器11布置于三元催化器10,冷却水温度传感器13、三元催化器温度传感器11由信号线15连接整车控制器16。
本发明的控制方法为:
步骤1:由整车控制器检测发动机是否启动,若检测到发动机启动,则执行步骤2,否则结束;
步骤2:整车控制器读取发动机冷却水温度T1和三元催化器温度T2,分别与T1阈值和三元催化器起燃温度T2阈值进行对比,若T1>T1阈值且T2>T2阈值,则为热机状态执行步骤12,否则为冷机状态,执行步骤3;
步骤3:读取电池容量SOC,若SOC>30%,执行步骤4,否则执行步骤5;
步骤4:读取发动机冷却水温度T1,若T1<T1阈值,执行步骤7,否则执行步骤10;
步骤5:整车控制器读取车速,若车速大于10km/h,风机达到启动速度,执行步骤6,否则返回步骤3;
步骤6:关闭充电电路开关,利用风力发电对电池进行充电,返回步骤3;
步骤7:读取三元催化器温度T2,若T2<T2阈值,执行步骤8,否则执行步骤9;
步骤8:电池放电,同时连接冷却回路电加热装置和三元催化器电加热装置,同时加热冷却水和三元催化器,转至步骤4;
步骤9:电池放电,连接冷却回路电加热装置,加热冷却水,转至步骤4;
步骤10:读取三元催化器温度T2,若T2<T2阈值,执行步骤11,否则结束控制;
步骤11:电池放电,连接三元催化器电加热装置,加热催化器,返回步骤4;
步骤12:读取电池容量SOC,若SOC<90%,执行步骤13,否则结束控制;
步骤13:整车控制器读取车速,若车速大于10km/h,风机达到启动速度,执行步骤14,否则返回步骤12;
步骤14:关闭充电电路开关,利用风力发电对电池进行充电,返回步骤12。
T1阈值、T2阈值通过试验台架标定得到。
【实施例1】
当发动机处于冷启动阶段,动机冷却水温度T1<T1阈值,三元催化器温度T2<T2阈值,并且电池SOC>30%,电池放电,同时连接冷却回路电加热装置和三元催化器电加热装置,同时加热冷却水和三元催化器,达到降低冷启动油耗和排放的目的。
【实施例2】
当发动机处于冷启动阶段,发动机冷却水温度T1<T1阈值,三元催化器温度T2<T2阈值,但电池SOC<30%,读取车速,若车速大于10km/h,风力发电机达到启动速度,关闭充电电路开关为电池充电,待电池SOC>30%,加热发动机冷却水和三元催化器。
【实施例3】
当发动机处于热机状态,电池SOC<90%时,若车速大于10km/h,风力发电机达到启动速度,关闭充电电路开关为电池充电,直到电池SOC>90%,为发动机冷启动过程加热冷却水和三元催化器储备电量。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放的***,其特征在于,该***具体包括:叶轮(1)、发电机(2)、充电电路开关(3)、电池(4)、电池BMS(5)、CAN总线(6)、发动机ECU(7)、冷却回路电加热装置(8)、三元催化器电加热装置(9)、三元催化器(10)、三元催化器温度传感器(11)、控制线(12)、冷却水温度传感器(13)、发动机(14)、信号线(15)和整车控制器(16);
叶轮(1)与发电机(2)连接构成风力发电机,风力发电机与电池(4)经由充电电路开关(3)控制是否连接,电池(4)与冷却回路电加热装置(8)、三元催化器电加热装置(9)连接,电池BMS(5)、发动机ECU(7)信号由CAN总线(6)连接整车控制器,冷却水温度传感器(13)布置于发动机(14)冷却水路,三元催化器温度传感器(11)布置于三元催化器(10),冷却水温度传感器(13)、三元催化器温度传感器(11)由信号线(15)连接整车控制器(16)。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的基于风力发电的降低整车油耗、排放的***的控制方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤1:由整车控制器检测发动机是否启动,若检测到发动机启动,则执行步骤2,否则结束;
步骤2:整车控制器读取发动机冷却水温度T1和三元催化器温度T2,分别与T1阈值和三元催化器起燃温度T2阈值进行对比,若T1>T1阈值且T2>T2阈值,则为热机状态执行步骤12,否则为冷机状态,执行步骤3;
步骤3:读取电池容量SOC,若SOC>30%,执行步骤4,否则执行步骤5;
步骤4:读取发动机冷却水温度T1,若T1<T1阈值,执行步骤7,否则执行步骤10;
步骤5:整车控制器读取车速,若车速大于10km/h,风机达到启动速度,执行步骤6,否则返回步骤3;
步骤6:关闭充电电路开关,利用风力发电对电池进行充电,返回步骤3;
步骤7:读取三元催化器温度T2,若T2<T2阈值,执行步骤8,否则执行步骤9;
步骤8:电池放电,同时连接冷却回路电加热装置和三元催化器电加热装置,同时加热冷却水和三元催化器,转至步骤4;
步骤9:电池放电,连接冷却回路电加热装置,加热冷却水,转至步骤4;
步骤10:读取三元催化器温度T2,若T2<T2阈值,执行步骤11,否则结束控制;
步骤11:电池放电,连接三元催化器电加热装置,加热催化器,返回步骤4;
步骤12:读取电池容量SOC,若SOC<90%,执行步骤13,否则结束控制;
步骤13:整车控制器读取车速,若车速大于10km/h,风机达到启动速度,执行步骤14,否则返回步骤12;
步骤14:关闭充电电路开关,利用风力发电对电池进行充电,返回步骤12;
T1阈值、T2阈值通过试验台架标定得到。
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