CN111792701A - Demulsification separation system and method for oil-water emulsion - Google Patents
Demulsification separation system and method for oil-water emulsion Download PDFInfo
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- CN111792701A CN111792701A CN201910279176.8A CN201910279176A CN111792701A CN 111792701 A CN111792701 A CN 111792701A CN 201910279176 A CN201910279176 A CN 201910279176A CN 111792701 A CN111792701 A CN 111792701A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/302—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with microwaves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
- C02F1/36—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations ultrasonic vibrations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/002—Sludge treatment using liquids immiscible with water
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a demulsification separation system and a demulsification separation method for oil-water emulsion. The system comprises a three-section emulsion breaker, a microwave and ultrasonic generator, a connecting bent pipe, a lifting pipe, a primary hydrocyclone separator, a secondary hydrocyclone separator, a reflux pump, an oil-rich storage tank, a conditioning agent charging port, a screw feeder, a discharging pipe and the like. Through the demulsification and heating action of microwaves and ultrasonic waves, the three-section structural type design of the demulsification device, the fluid rotary motion mode, the circulating flow and utilization of oil-containing reflux liquid and the addition and use of a conditioning agent, the high-efficiency demulsification and separation of oil and water are realized, oil is efficiently recovered, a liquid-solid mixture is separated by a hydrocyclone and then enters the subsequent procedures, the oil-containing reflux liquid is recycled, the oil entrainment of the liquid-solid mixture is reduced, and the recovery efficiency and the oil quality of the oil are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a demulsification separation system and a demulsification separation method for oil-water emulsion, in particular to a fluidized bed-based demulsification separation system and a fluidized bed-based demulsification separation method for water-containing oil sludge and oil residue or oil-containing wastewater.
Background
With the continuous development of the economy and the continuous increase of the population of China, the discharge amount of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater is increased day by day, and according to statistics, the discharge amount of the national wastewater in 2017 is about 771 hundred million tons, wherein the discharge amount of the industrial wastewater is about 181.6 million tons, and accounts for 23.55%; 4,063 sewage treatment plants operated in cities and towns in China are built up in an accumulated way, and the daily treatment capacity of urban sewage is 1.7 billion cubic meters; in 2017, the domestic sludge yield is 5000 ten thousand tons, and the industrial sludge yield is about 4000 ten thousand tons. In the industries of crude oil, oil refining, chemical engineering and the like, because of the process and specific unit operation, the sewage often contains more oil, or the wastes such as scum residue, bottom slag, oil sludge and the like with higher oil content also contain more water, and the realization of oil-water separation is a necessary measure for recovering oil products and resources and reducing environmental pollution; the traditional process has the problems of low separation efficiency, high energy consumption, large investment, large occupied area or serious secondary pollution and the like, and the technology with compact structure, cleanness and high efficiency is urgently needed to treat the water-containing oil sludge and oil residue or the oil-containing sewage so as to protect the ecological environment, reduce the pollution and improve the economic, social and environmental comprehensive benefits of enterprises.
The invention is based on the treatment of oily sewage and the demulsification separation of emulsions of oily sludge, oily residue and the like, fully utilizes the characteristics of good liquid-solid mixing, fast heat and mass transfer, uniform temperature and compact structure of three-section structural types and a riser, and the advantages of promoting the aggregation and growth of oil drops by microwaves and ultrasonic waves and the demulsification function of conditioning agents, breaks through the technical bottlenecks of the cyclic utilization of oily reflux liquid, the combination of liquid-solid flow and rotary motion and the combination of microwave/ultrasonic treatment and hydrodynamic structural design, realizes the high-efficiency separation of oil and water, and improves the recovery efficiency of oil products and the quality of oil products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: developing a demulsification separation system and a method of an oil-water emulsion, in particular to a demulsification separation system and a method of water-containing oil sludge and oil residue or oil-containing wastewater based on a fluidized bed; the second purpose is that: further improving the efficiency of oil-water separation and the quality of oil products.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a demulsification separation system of an oil-water emulsion comprises a water-containing oil-mud feeding unit, a three-section demulsification device, a microwave generator, an ultrasonic generator, a connecting elbow, a lifting pipe, a primary hydrocyclone, a secondary hydrocyclone, a reflux pump, an oil-rich storage tank, a conditioning agent feeding port, a screw feeder and a discharging pipe which are sequentially communicated and connected, wherein the system separates out oil-rich products and water-solid mixtures, and the three-section demulsification device adopts an oil-containing reflux recycling structural design so that oil-containing reflux separated by the primary hydrocyclone and the secondary hydrocyclone is circulated to the three-section demulsification device; the three-section emulsion breaker can be provided with a microwave generator and an ultrasonic generator, so that the three-section emulsion breaker adopts an emulsion breaking mode of oil-containing reflux liquid circulation and combination of microwave and ultrasonic wave.
The demulsification separation system of the oil-water emulsion comprises a conditioning agent feeding system, a screw feeder and a discharging pipe, wherein the conditioning agent feeding system comprises a conditioning agent feeding port, the screw feeder and the discharging pipe; the three-section type emulsion breaker comprises a middle section, a settling section and a conical section, the three-section type emulsion breaker is communicated and connected with a conditioning agent feeding system through a discharging pipe, the settling section of the three-section type emulsion breaker is communicated and connected with the rich oil storage tank through a pipeline, oil products in the rich oil storage tank are discharged from the bottom, and non-condensable gas is removed from the top of the rich oil storage tank; the water-containing oil sludge feeding unit is communicated and connected with the tangential position at the bottom of the middle section of the three-section type emulsion breaker through a pipeline, and the make-up water is communicated and connected with the tangential position at the bottom of the middle section of the three-section type emulsion breaker through a pipeline; the cone-shaped section of the three-section demulsifying device is communicated and connected with the lifting pipe through a connecting bent pipe, the lifting pipe is communicated and connected with the primary hydrocyclone separator and the secondary hydrocyclone separator through pipelines, the secondary hydrocyclone separator is communicated and connected with the reflux pump through pipelines, the primary hydrocyclone separator and the secondary hydrocyclone separator are converged into a water-solid mixture through pipelines, water and solid substances can be respectively recycled after water and solid are separated, oily reflux liquid coming out of the reflux pump is divided into 3 paths, namely lifting pipe oily reflux liquid, connecting bent pipe oily reflux liquid and cone-shaped section oily reflux liquid, the lifting pipe oily reflux liquid enters the lifting pipe through pipeline connection, the connecting bent pipe oily reflux liquid enters the connecting bent pipe through pipeline connection, and the cone-shaped section oily reflux liquid enters the cone-shaped section through pipeline connection.
According to the demulsification separation system of the oil-water emulsion, the three-section demulsification device adopts a segmented structure, the diameter of the reactor is gradually increased from bottom to top, the diameter of the middle section is kept unchanged, the diameter of the settling section is the largest, the microwave generator or the ultrasonic generator is arranged on the outer side of the middle section of the three-section demulsification device, and the ultrasonic generator or the microwave generator is arranged on the outer side of the settling section; when microwave irradiation is carried out, the magnetrons are arranged in pairs, a wave absorbing agent needs to be configured inside the three-section type emulsion breaker, and when microwave heating is adopted, the main body shell at the middle section is made of ceramic or quartz.
According to the demulsification and separation system for the oil-water emulsion, the conical section of the three-section demulsification device is not provided with the gas distribution plate, the oil-containing reflux liquid of the conical section tangentially enters the conical section at the side surface of the conical section, the oil-containing reflux liquid of the connecting elbow tangentially enters the bottom of the connecting elbow, and the oil-containing reflux liquid of the riser vertically and upwards enters the riser at the bottom of the riser.
Above-mentioned breakdown of emulsion piece-rate system of oil and water emulsion, unloading pipe get into at the subsidence section top of syllogic emulsion breaker, and unloading pipe end sets to the straight tube, and the opening of straight tube is perpendicular downwards, and unloading pipe is deepened to interlude bottom and unloading pipe and is located the radial intermediate position of syllogic emulsion breaker, and the bottom surface of unloading pipe leans on the upper position in the vertical of containing water oil mud feeding unit and interlude connecting tube, also is located the vertical upper position that leans on of make-up water in interlude import department.
The demulsification separation system of the oil-water emulsion comprises a conditioning agent feeding port, a rotary valve feeder or a star-shaped feeder and a baffle plate below the rotary valve feeder or the star-shaped feeder, wherein the material in the feeding pipe provides a material seal, the inert gas can be injected into the screw feeder to provide a gas seal, and the conditioning agent is liquid or solid at normal temperature.
According to the demulsification and separation system of the oil-water emulsion, the hydrous oil-mud feeding unit inputs the hydrous oil-mud into the middle section of the three-section type demulsification device and enters the three-section type demulsification device at the tangential position of the bottom of the middle section, the supplementing water enters the three-section type demulsification device at the tangential position of the bottom of the middle section and forms corresponding tangentially entering streams with the hydrous oil-mud, so that liquid-solid rotary flow is formed, a middle low-pressure area is formed in the middle section of the three-section type demulsification device, a conditioning agent conveniently enters the three-section type demulsification device from a feeding pipe and is fully and violently mixed with the hydrous oil-mud, and oil-water separation and liquid-; the microwave generator or the ultrasonic generator is arranged outside the middle section of the three-section demulsifying device, so that the aggregation growth and oil-water separation of oil drops can be promoted, the ultrasonic generator or the microwave generator is arranged outside the settling section, the aggregation growth and oil-water separation of the oil drops are further promoted, the light oil floats upwards and overflows from the settling section to enter the rich oil storage tank, the oil is discharged from the bottom of the rich oil storage tank, and the non-condensable gas is removed from the upper surface of the rich oil storage tank; the heavy water solid phase in the three-section demulsifying device is deposited at the bottom of the middle section, the oily reflux liquid respectively circularly flows back to the conical section, the connecting elbow and the inlet of the riser by the reflux pump, the oily reflux liquid in the conical section enters the conical section at the tangential position of the side surface of the conical section, the oily reflux liquid in the connecting elbow enters at the tangential direction of the bottom of the connecting elbow, the oily reflux liquid in the riser vertically and upwards enters the riser at the bottom of the riser, the oily reflux liquid in the conical section further realizes oil-water separation and improves the recovery rate of oil under the action of the rotary flow of the conical section and conditioning agents, and the oily reflux liquid in the connecting elbow, the oily reflux liquid in the riser and the make-up water injected at the bottom of the riser provide power for liquid-solid circulation; after liquid and solid in the riser are separated by the primary hydrocyclone separator and the secondary hydrocyclone separator, heavy components sink through a pipeline to be converged into a water-solid mixture, water and solid substances can be respectively recycled after water and solid are separated, and light components flow back to the conical section, the connecting bent pipe and the inlet of the riser through the reflux pump; the conditioning agent feed port comprises a rotary valve feeder or a star-shaped feeder and a baffle plate at the lower part thereof, liquid or solid conditioning agent is fed into the three-section emulsion breaker through the feed pipe, the material in the feed pipe provides a material seal, and inert gas can be injected into the screw feeder to provide an air seal.
The invention has the positive effects that: (1) the emulsion breaker adopts a three-section structural form, and sequentially comprises a conical section, a middle section and a settling section from bottom to top, the diameter of the emulsion breaker is gradually increased, the diameter of the settling section is the largest, and the emulsion breaker is beneficial to slowing down the flow speed, reducing the water solid entrainment, prolonging the retention time and improving the oil-water separation efficiency; (2) the conical section has violent liquid-solid rotational flow, promotes the liquid-solid mixing of the conditioning medicament and the fluid, and improves the hydrodynamic distribution of the conical section; (3) microwave and ultrasonic wave accelerate the aggregation growth of oil drops and oil-water separation, improve the temperature distribution of the system, strengthen the heat and mass transfer efficiency and improve the oil-water separation efficiency; (4) the circulating reflux of the oil-containing reflux liquid enters the three-section emulsion breaker tangentially at the side surface of the conical section, the oil continuously gathers under the action of conditioning agents, microwaves and ultrasonic waves, the oil phase floats upwards, and water is fixed and sinks, so that the oil-water separation efficiency is improved; (5) the feeding pipe extends deep into the middle section, the conditioning agent enters the bottom of the middle section of the three-section emulsion breaker, and the liquid rotates and flows to form a low-pressure area in the middle section, so that the conditioning agent can be conveniently and smoothly added into the three-section emulsion breaker and fully mixed with the liquid; (6) the rotary valve feeder or star-shaped feeder of the conditioning agent feeding system, the sealing baffle, the material seal of the feeding pipe and the sealing gas introduced by the screw feeder effectively isolate the conditioning agent feeding system and the three-section emulsion breaker, and ensure the reliable and stable operation of the system.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Wherein
1, a three-section type emulsion breaker, 2 middle sections, 3 sedimentation sections and 4 conical sections;
5 microwave generator, 6 ultrasonic generator, 7 connecting bend, 8 lifting pipe, 9 primary hydrocyclone separator, 10 secondary hydrocyclone separator, 11 reflux pump, 12 oil-containing reflux liquid, 13 lifting pipe oil-containing reflux liquid, 14 connecting bend oil-containing reflux liquid, 15 conical section oil-containing reflux liquid, 16 water-containing oil sludge feeding unit, 17 oil-rich storage tank, 18 conditioning agent charging port, 19 screw feeder, 20 blanking pipe, 21 make-up water, 22 water-solid mixture, 23 rotary valve feeder
Detailed Description
Example 1 demulsification of Water-in-oil emulsions
Referring to fig. 1, the system comprises a hydrous oil-cement feeding unit 16, a three-stage emulsion breaker 1, a microwave generator 5, an ultrasonic generator 6, a connecting elbow 7, a riser 8, a primary hydrocyclone 9, a secondary hydrocyclone 10, a reflux pump 11, an oil-rich storage tank 17, a conditioning agent feed opening 18, a screw feeder 19 and a discharge pipe 20 which are sequentially communicated and connected, wherein the system separates out an oil-rich product and a water-solid mixture, and the three-stage emulsion breaker 1 adopts an oil-containing reflux recycling structural design, so that the oil-containing reflux separated by the primary hydrocyclone 9 and the secondary hydrocyclone 10 circulates to the three-stage emulsion breaker 1; the three-section emulsion breaker 1 can be provided with a microwave generator 5 and an ultrasonic generator 6, so that the three-section emulsion breaker 1 adopts an emulsion breaking mode of oil-containing reflux liquid circulation and combination of microwaves and ultrasonic waves.
The conditioning agent feeding system comprises a conditioning agent feeding port 18, a screw feeder 19 and a discharging pipe 20; the three-section type emulsion breaker 1 comprises a middle section 2, a settling section 3 and a conical section 4, the three-section type emulsion breaker 1 is communicated and connected with a conditioning agent feeding system through a discharging pipe 20, a conditioning agent feeding port 18 comprises a rotary valve feeder 23 and a baffle plate at the lower part of the rotary valve feeder, and one, two or more conditioning agents of sulfuric acid, ferric salt, aluminum salt, low-molecular anionic demulsifier, low-molecular nonionic surfactant, nonionic high-molecular surfactant (such as higher alcohols, alkylphenol, alkylamine and phenolic resin), ultrahigh-molecular-weight chemical demulsifier, epoxypropane, epoxybutane and tetrahydrofuran are fed into the three-section type emulsion breaker 1 through the discharging pipe, the material inside the discharging pipe 20 provides material seal, and inert gas can be injected into the screw feeder 19 to provide gas seal; the sedimentation section 3 of the three-section demulsifying device 1 is communicated and connected with the rich oil storage tank 17 through a pipeline, oil products in the rich oil storage tank 17 are discharged at the bottom, and non-condensable gas is removed from the upper part of the rich oil storage tank 17; the water-containing oil sludge feeding unit 16 is communicated and connected with the bottom tangential position of the middle section 2 of the three-section type emulsion breaker 1 through a pipeline, the make-up water 21 is communicated and connected with the bottom tangential position of the middle section 2 of the three-section type emulsion breaker 1 through a pipeline, and the water-containing oil sludge and the make-up water 21 enter the middle section 2 in opposite tangential directions to form liquid-solid rotary flow, so that the mixing of a conditioning agent and the water-containing oil sludge is greatly promoted; the cone section 4 of the three-section demulsifying device 1 is communicated and connected with a riser pipe 8 through a connecting elbow 7, the riser pipe 8 is communicated and connected with a primary hydrocyclone 9 and a secondary hydrocyclone 10 through pipelines, the secondary hydrocyclone 10 is communicated and connected with a reflux pump 11 through pipelines, the primary hydrocyclone 9 and the secondary hydrocyclone 10 are converged into a water-solid mixture through pipelines, water and solid substances can be respectively recycled after water and solid are separated, oily reflux liquid coming out of the reflux pump 11 is divided into 3 paths, namely riser pipe oily reflux liquid 13, connecting elbow pipe oily reflux liquid 14 and cone section oily reflux liquid 15, the connecting elbow pipe oily reflux liquid 14 enters the connecting elbow 7 through pipeline connection, the cone section oily reflux liquid 15 enters the cone section 4 through pipeline connection, and the riser pipe oily reflux liquid 13 enters the riser pipe 8 through pipeline connection.
The three-section emulsion breaker 1 is divided into three sections, from bottom to top, the diameter of the reactor is gradually increased, the diameter of the middle section is kept unchanged, and the diameter of the settling section is the largest, so that the flow velocity of fluid from bottom to top is favorably slowed down, water and solid matters are reduced to be carried to the rich oil storage tank 17, and the separation efficiency of oil and water, oil and solid matters and the purity of an oil phase are improved; the microwave generator 5 is arranged outside the middle section 2 of the three-section demulsifying device 1, the ultrasonic generator 6 is arranged outside the settling section 3, and the action of microwaves and/or ultrasonic waves can promote the aggregation growth of oil drops and accelerate the oil-water separation, so that the oil-water separation efficiency is further improved; during microwave irradiation, the magnetrons are arranged in pairs, the three-section emulsion breaker 1 needs to be configured with a wave absorbing agent, and when microwave heating is adopted, the main shell of the middle section 2 is prepared from a ceramic weak wave absorbing material, so that microwaves can directly act on a liquid-solid mixture inside the three-section emulsion breaker 1 instead of being absorbed by the main shell material, and the energy utilization rate and the system efficiency can be effectively improved.
A conical section 4 of the three-section type emulsion breaker 1 is not provided with a gas distribution plate, oil-containing reflux liquid 15 of the conical section tangentially enters the conical section 4 at the side surface of the conical section to form liquid-solid rotational flow, the rotational direction is consistent with the rotational direction of water-containing oil sludge and make-up water, oil-containing reflux liquid 14 of a connecting elbow enters at the bottom tangential direction of a connecting elbow 7, oil-containing reflux liquid 13 of a riser vertically and upwardly enters the riser 8 at the bottom of the riser 8, and one path of make-up water is also vertically and upwardly injected into the riser at the bottom of the riser 8 and provides power for the liquid-solid flow in the riser together with the oil-containing reflux liquid.
The unloading pipe 20 gets into at 3 tops of the settlement section of syllogic emulsion breaker 1, the straight tube is set to unloading pipe 20 end, the opening of straight tube is perpendicular downwards, unloading pipe 20 deepens into 2 bottoms of interlude and unloading pipe 20 is located the radial intermediate position of syllogic emulsion breaker 1, the bottom of unloading pipe 20 is in the vertical upper position that contains water oil mud feed unit 16 and 2 connecting tube of interlude, also be located the vertical upper position that supplies water 21 in 2 import departments of interlude, the rotatory flow of the liquid of interlude 2 and toper section 4, form the low-pressure area in the radial intermediate position of interlude 2, be convenient for take care of pharmacology and get into interlude 2 from unloading pipe 20, liquid-solid mixture and water oil stratification separation have been promoted.
Example 2 demulsification of Water-in-oil emulsions
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: a microwave generator is arranged on the outer side of the middle section 2 of the three-section type emulsion breaker 1, an ultrasonic generator is not arranged on the outer side of the sedimentation section 3 of the three-section type emulsion breaker 1, and a main body shell of the middle section 2 is made of weak wave absorption materials (such as quartz).
Example 3 demulsification of Water-in-oil emulsions
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the ultrasonic generator is arranged outside the middle section 2 of the three-section demulsifying device 1, or the microwave generator 5 is not arranged, the main body shell of the middle section 2 is made of weak wave-absorbing material (such as quartz), and the rotary valve feeder 23 can also be a star-shaped feeder.
Example 4 demulsification of Water-in-oil emulsions
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: an ultrasonic generator is arranged outside the middle section 2 of the three-section type emulsion breaker 1, and a microwave generator can also be arranged outside the sedimentation section 3 of the three-section type emulsion breaker 1.
Example 5 demulsification of oil-in-water emulsions
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the conditioning agent used in the oil-in-water emulsion is electrolyte demulsifier (such as hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, aluminum nitrate), low molecular alcohol, surfactant, and polymer (such as cationic polymer, anionic polymer, and nonionic polymer).
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A demulsification separation system and a method of oil-water emulsion are characterized in that: the system comprises a water-containing oil-cement feeding unit (16), a three-section emulsion breaker (1), a microwave generator (5), an ultrasonic generator (6), a connecting elbow (7), a lifting pipe (8), a primary hydrocyclone (9), a secondary hydrocyclone (10), a reflux pump (11), an oil-rich storage tank (17), a conditioning agent charging port (18), a screw feeder (19) and a discharging pipe (20) which are sequentially communicated and connected, and an oil-rich product and a water-solid mixture (22) are separated out; the three-section emulsion breaker (1) adopts an oil-containing reflux recycling structural design, so that oil-containing reflux separated by the primary hydrocyclone (9) and the secondary hydrocyclone (10) is recycled to the three-section emulsion breaker (1); the three-section type emulsion breaker (1) can be provided with a microwave generator (5) and an ultrasonic generator (6), so that the three-section type emulsion breaker (1) adopts an emulsion breaking mode of oil-containing reflux liquid circulation and combination of microwaves and ultrasonic waves.
2. A demulsification separation system for an oil-water emulsion as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the conditioning agent feeding system comprises a conditioning agent feeding port (18), a screw feeder (19) and a discharging pipe (20);
the three-section type emulsion breaker (1) comprises a middle section (2), a sedimentation section (3) and a conical section (4), the three-section type emulsion breaker (1) is communicated and connected with a conditioning agent feeding system through a discharging pipe (20), and the sedimentation section (3) of the three-section type emulsion breaker (1) is communicated and connected with a rich oil storage tank (17) through a pipeline;
the water-containing oil sludge feeding unit (16) is communicated and connected with the bottom tangential position of the middle section (2) of the three-section type emulsion breaker (1) through a pipeline, and the make-up water (21) is communicated and connected with the bottom tangential position of the middle section (2) of the three-section type emulsion breaker (1) through a pipeline;
the cone section (4) of the three-section demulsifying device (1) is communicated and connected with a lifting pipe (8) through a connecting elbow (7), the lifting pipe (8), a primary hydrocyclone (9) and a secondary hydrocyclone (10) are sequentially communicated and connected through a pipeline, the secondary hydrocyclone (10) is communicated and connected with a reflux pump (11) through a pipeline, the primary hydrocyclone (9) and the secondary hydrocyclone (10) are converged into a water-solid mixture (22) through pipelines, oil-containing reflux liquid (12) from the reflux pump (11) is divided into 3 paths which are respectively oil-containing reflux liquid (13) of the lifting pipe, the connecting elbow oil-containing reflux liquid (14) and the conical section oil-containing reflux liquid (15) are connected, the riser oil-containing reflux liquid (13) enters the riser (8) through a pipeline, the connecting elbow oil-containing reflux liquid (14) enters the connecting elbow (7) through a pipeline, and the conical section oil-containing reflux liquid (15) enters the conical section (4) through a pipeline.
3. A demulsification separation system for an oil-water emulsion as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the three-section emulsion breaker (1) is divided into three sections, from bottom to top, the diameter of the reactor is gradually increased, the diameter of the middle section (2) is kept unchanged, a microwave generator or an ultrasonic generator is arranged on the outer side of the middle section (2) of the three-section emulsion breaker (1), and an ultrasonic generator or a microwave generator is arranged on the outer side of the settling section (3); when microwave irradiation is carried out, the magnetrons are arranged in pairs, a wave absorbing agent needs to be configured inside the three-section type emulsion breaker (1), and when microwave heating is adopted, the main body shell of the middle section (2) is made of ceramic or quartz.
4. A demulsification separation system for an oil-water emulsion as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the cone section (4) of the three-section type emulsion breaker (1) is not provided with a gas distribution plate, oil-containing reflux liquid (15) in the cone section tangentially enters the cone section (4) at the side surface of the cone section (4), oil-containing reflux liquid (14) in a connecting elbow tangentially enters the bottom of the connecting elbow (7), and oil-containing reflux liquid (13) in the riser vertically and upwards enters the riser (8) at the bottom of the riser (8).
5. A demulsification separation system for an oil-water emulsion as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the blanking pipe (20) enters from the top of the settling section (3) of the three-section type emulsion breaker (1), the tail end of the blanking pipe (20) is arranged into a straight pipe, the opening of the straight pipe is vertical downward, the blanking pipe (20) extends deep to the bottom of the middle section (2) and the blanking pipe (20) is located at the radial middle position of the three-section type emulsion breaker (1), the bottom of the blanking pipe (20) is located at the vertical upper position of a connecting pipeline between the hydrous oil-cement-containing feeding unit (16) and the middle section (2), the blanking pipe is also located at the vertical upper position of an inlet of the middle section (2) of the supplementing water (21), the hydrous oil-cement-containing feeding unit (16) is communicated and connected to the tangential position of the bottom of the middle section (2) through a pipeline, the supplementing water (21) is communicated and connected with the three-section type emulsion breaker (1) through a pipeline at the tangential position of the bottom of the middle section (2), and the supplementing water.
6. A demulsification separation system for an oil-water emulsion as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the conditioning agent charging port (18) comprises a rotary valve feeder (23) or a star-shaped feeder and a baffle at the lower part thereof, the material inside the discharging pipe (20) provides a material seal, the inside of the screw feeder (19) can be injected with inert gas to provide a gas seal, and the conditioning agent can be liquid or solid at normal temperature.
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