CN111687588B - Bolt pre-positioning device - Google Patents
Bolt pre-positioning device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111687588B CN111687588B CN202010562021.8A CN202010562021A CN111687588B CN 111687588 B CN111687588 B CN 111687588B CN 202010562021 A CN202010562021 A CN 202010562021A CN 111687588 B CN111687588 B CN 111687588B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for
- B23P11/02—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluids; by making force fits
- B23P11/025—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluids; by making force fits by using heat or cold
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
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Abstract
The bolt pre-positioning device is used for positioning a bolt connected with a rotating shaft and a shaft sleeve and provided with a flange structure, and comprises a sampling device, an analog device and a clamping device, wherein the sampling device is used for sampling the position of a small-gap bolt hole on the flange edge of the rotating shaft; the simulation device simulates the position of the small-gap bolt hole according to the sampling result, and positions the large-gap bolt hole on the shaft sleeve through the simulated position; after the bolts are positioned, the bolts are specified by the clamping device, the sleeve is heated in the clamped state, and then the sleeve is mounted on the shaft. The bolt pre-positioning device can adjust the position of the bolt on the mounting edge after heating, the situation that the bolt needs to be reheated and assembled due to the fact that the adjusting time is too long and the heating effect is lost is often caused, the device is high in adjusting accuracy, and one-time assembly success can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of aero-engine assembly, and particularly relates to a bolt pre-positioning device.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, the rotating parts of modern aircraft engines largely adopt a structural form that a rotating shaft 1 is matched with a shaft sleeve 2. Generally, in order to ensure the stability of the rotor in a high-speed rotation state, the radial positioning is realized between the rotating shaft 1 and the shaft sleeve 2 in a precise interference fit mode. The axial fixing mode of the shaft sleeve is more, and flange edge fixing is the more common one. In this kind of structure, for avoiding the bolt hole position degree that sets up on the flange edge to influence pivot 1 and 2 interference fit's smooth installation of axle sleeve, need reserve great clearance between bolt hole and bolt.
Due to the limitation of the construction space and the like, the connecting bolt 3 cannot be installed after the shaft sleeve 2 is installed, and therefore, the connecting bolt 3 and the shaft sleeve 2 need to be installed on the rotating shaft 1 at the same time. Limited by various factors, the diameter of the flange bolt hole on the rotating shaft 1 should not be too large (namely, the small clearance fit hole 13 is arranged on the rotating shaft 1), and in order to avoid the influence of the position degree of the flange bolt hole on the interference fit of the shaft sleeve 2, the large clearance fit can only be reserved between the bolt hole on the flange 21 of the shaft sleeve and the connecting bolt 3 (namely, the large clearance fit hole 22 is arranged on the shaft sleeve 2).
In the assembly process, the connecting bolt 3 is pre-installed in the large clearance fit hole 22, and then the connecting bolt 3 is installed on the rotating shaft 1 together with the shaft sleeve 2. Since the fitting hole on the flange 21 of the preassembled sleeve has a large fitting clearance and the fitting hole on the flange of the rotating shaft 1 has a small fitting clearance, it is easy to cause the connecting bolt 3 which is installed in advance to be difficult to be smoothly inserted into the fitting hole 13 with the small clearance on the rotating shaft 1.
As shown in fig. 2, in the conventional proposal, the sleeve 2 is first heated to expand, and after the expansion, the fit between the sleeve 2 and the rotating shaft 1 is temporarily a gap. The rotating shaft 1 is fixed to be perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and at the same time, the connecting bolt 3 is placed in the heated shaft sleeve in advance, and the bolt is pressed by a clamp. The bushing and bolt are mounted down onto the shaft. During installation, if the bolt cannot be aligned, the pressing device of the bolt is loosened, and the position of the bolt in the large clearance hole is manually adjusted until the bolt can be smoothly inserted into the bolt hole on the shaft.
Because the shaft sleeve 2 is heated, when adjusting the connecting bolt 3, an operator has the risk of being scalded, and because the connecting bolt 3 is not referenced when adjusting, the adjusting difficulty is large, the time is long, the conditions that the assembly is not completed, the temperature of the shaft sleeve 2 is reduced and the reheating is needed often occur.
Therefore, the prior art has low efficiency and safety risk, and needs to develop new technology to improve efficiency and ensure safety.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present application to provide a bolt pre-positioning apparatus to address or mitigate at least one of the problems of the background art.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows: a bolt pre-positioning device is used for positioning a bolt for connecting a rotating shaft with a flange structure and a shaft sleeve, and comprises a sampling device, an analog device and a clamping device, wherein the sampling device is used for sampling the position of a small-gap bolt hole on the flange edge of the rotating shaft; the simulation device simulates the position of the small-gap bolt hole according to the sampling result, and positions the large-gap bolt hole on the shaft sleeve through the simulated position; after the bolt is positioned, the bolt is fixed through the clamping device, the shaft sleeve is heated in a clamping state, and then the shaft sleeve is installed on the shaft.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the sampling device comprises a dummy hub, a floating pin, and a floating pin nut;
the simulation shaft sleeve is provided with a lower flange edge and an upper flange edge, the position of a mounting hole arranged on the lower flange edge simulates the shaft sleeve flange edge of a real shaft sleeve, the upper flange edge is provided with a notch, and the notch is aligned with the mounting hole on the lower flange edge;
the number of the floating pins is the same as that of the bolt holes in the shaft sleeve, the floating pins are provided with long pin structures with pointed ends at the lower ends, the diameters of the long pin structures simulate the diameters of real shaft sleeve fixing bolts, the upper ends of the floating pins are in threaded structures and used for fixing the floating pins in the operation process, and the middle parts of the floating pins are short cylindrical anti-rotation parts and used for achieving axial positioning of the floating pins;
one end of the floating pin nut is a threaded hole used for being matched with the floating pin, and the other end of the floating pin nut is provided with a straight groove.
Further, the anti-rotation portion forms a first anti-rotation edge parallel to the axis by removing a part of the removed material from the short cylindrical surface.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the simulation apparatus includes a simulation shaft, a floating sleeve, and a floating sleeve nut, wherein:
the simulation shaft has the advantages that the overall dimension of the simulation shaft simulates a real rotating shaft, one end of the simulation shaft is provided with a simulation flange edge, and the position of a mounting hole of the simulation flange edge is the same as the position of a bolt hole on the real rotating shaft;
the number of the floating sleeves is the same as that of the bolt holes in the shaft sleeve, the floating sleeves are of bolt structures with central holes, the main bodies of the floating sleeves are threaded shafts, the diameters of the threaded shafts simulate the diameter of a lower flange edge mounting hole of the rotating shaft, the tail parts of the threaded shafts are cylinders with diameters larger than that of the threaded shafts, and the diameters of the central holes of the floating sleeves are matched with floating pins in the sampling device;
the floating sleeve nut is matched with the thread at the upper thread part of the floating sleeve to realize the fixation of the floating sleeve.
Furthermore, the floating sleeve is provided with an anti-rotation plane, and the side edge of the anti-rotation plane is provided with a second anti-rotation edge.
Further, the second anti-rotation edge is formed by removing a portion of the removed material at the edge of the anti-rotation plane.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the clamping device comprises a clamping ring, a tensioning assembly, a hold-down assembly, wherein:
the clamping ring is a circular ring structure with flanges on two sides, the flanges are provided with tensioning assemblies and compressing assemblies, the shaft sleeve is tightened through the movement of the tensioning assemblies, and the connecting bolt is pressed through the movement of the compressing assemblies.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the take-up assembly comprises a stud, a stud nut, a take-up spring, and a rotating hook, wherein:
the rotary hook main body is a cylinder with a blind hole at one end, and the other end of the cylinder is a thin hook edge;
one end of the stud passes through the blind hole of the rotating hook and is fixed at the bottom end of the blind hole;
arranging a tension spring between the blind hole and the stud;
the rotary hook, the stud and the tension spring penetrate through the through hole in the flanging at the lower side of the clamping ring, only the thin hook edge is left outside the flanging at the lower side and cannot penetrate through the thin hook edge, the stud continuously penetrates through the upper flanging of the clamping ring 71 and is fixed above the clamping ring through the stud nut, the stud nut is screwed, the length of the stud below the upper flanging is shortened, the tension spring is compressed to generate pretightening force, meanwhile, the upper end face of the rotary hook keeps a preset distance from the upper flanging, and the rotary hook can rotate in the mounting hole of the clamping ring.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the pressing assembly includes a top wire, a stopper, a pressing spring, and a pressing rod, wherein:
the main body of the pressure lever is of a long round bar structure, the lower end of the pressure lever is provided with a pressing hook, the pressure lever passes through a through hole on a lower flanging of the clamping ring, a pressing spring and a stop block are sequentially arranged on the pressure lever in series between the two flanging, the stop block is fixed on the pressure lever, and the top end of the pressure lever is inserted into a pressure lever hole on the upper side of the clamping ring by a preset length; the upper section of the pressure rod hole is provided with a section of thread, the jackscrew with the thread is screwed into the thread until the jackscrew compresses the pressure rod, and the jackscrew is continuously screwed, so that the stop block on the pressure rod leaves the upper flanging end face for a preset distance.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the side of the block has two blocking planes parallel to the axis of the press rod, and the two blocking planes are perpendicular to each other, wherein when the press rod is rotated, one blocking plane on the block is attached to the clamping ring, so that the pressing hook on the press rod points to the central direction and is in a pressing state, at this time, the jackscrew is continuously screwed, and the press rod cannot continuously rotate due to the blocking plane of the block; when the jackscrew is loosened, the pressing rod is rotated reversely, so that the pressing hook is perpendicular to the diameter direction, and the other blocking plane of the stop block is tightly attached to the clamping ring and cannot rotate continuously in the reverse direction.
The bolt pre-positioning device can adjust the position of the bolt on the mounting edge after heating, the situation that the bolt needs to be reheated and assembled due to the fact that the adjusting time is too long and the heating effect is lost is often caused, the device is high in adjusting accuracy, and one-time assembly success can be guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions provided by the present application, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly understood that the drawings described below are only illustrative of some embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a position relationship between a rotating shaft and a shaft sleeve in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating a process of mounting a bushing to a rotating shaft according to the prior art.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a sampling device according to the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulation apparatus according to the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the clamping device of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling device according to the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the application of the sampling device.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a simulation apparatus according to the present application.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a simulation apparatus according to the present application.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the clamping device of the present application.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view illustrating a process of using the clamping device of the present application.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a compression bar of the present application.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a rotating hook structure according to the present application.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view illustrating a state that the rotating shaft and the shaft sleeve are installed in place according to the present application.
Reference numerals:
1-a rotating shaft, 11-a first interference fit area, 12-a second interference fit area, 13-a small-clearance fit hole and 14-a rotating shaft axis;
2-shaft sleeve, 21-shaft sleeve flange edge, 22-large clearance fit hole;
3-connecting bolts;
4-a bolt press-fitting device;
5-a sampling device, 51-a simulation shaft sleeve, 511-an upper flange edge, 512-a lower flange edge, 513-a notch, 514-a cylindrical protruding edge, 52-a floating pin, 521-an anti-rotation part, 522-a first anti-rotation edge and 53-a floating pin nut;
6-simulation device, 61-simulation shaft, 611-simulation shaft first interference fit area, 612-simulation shaft second interference fit area, 613-simulation flange, 62-floating sleeve, 621-anti-rotation plane, 622-second anti-rotation edge, 63-floating sleeve nut, 64-supporting leg, 65-simulation device handle;
7-clamping device, 71-clamping ring, 72-pressing component, 721-jackscrew, 722-stop, 7221-first blocking plane, 7222-second blocking plane, 723-pressing spring, 724-pressing rod, 73-tensioning component, 731-stud, 732-stud nut, 733-tensioning spring, 734-rotating hook, 735-anti-rotating pin and 74-clamping device handle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
In order to solve prior art, pivot 1 and axle sleeve 2 carry out the in-process of fixing through connecting bolt 3, connecting bolt 3 after the big clearance fit hole 22 of pre-packing, need its position accurately, high-efficiently to when guaranteeing the installation axle sleeve 2, connecting bolt 3 can be smooth insert pivot 1 on during little clearance fit hole 13, avoid simultaneously after the high temperature heating, carry out position adjustment to connecting bolt 3 again, in order to reduce the risk that the operator was scalded.
Therefore, the bolt pre-positioning device is provided, in the general process, firstly, the flange mounting edge on the rotating shaft 1 is sampled, the position of the small-clearance matching hole 13 on the rotating shaft 1 is simulated, and then the connecting bolt in the large-clearance matching hole 22 on the shaft sleeve 2 is positioned according to the simulated position. After the position is determined, the elastic structure is used for compressing the connecting bolt to enable the connecting bolt not to move any more, the compressing mechanism, the shaft sleeve, the bolt and the like are simultaneously heated to a specified temperature, and then the installation of the shaft sleeve and the connecting bolt is completed.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the bolt pre-positioning device of the present application mainly includes a sampling device 5, a simulation device 6, and a clamping device 7. The sampling device 5 is used for sampling the positions of the small-gap bolt holes on the edge of the rotary shaft flange; the simulation device 6 simulates the position of the small-gap bolt hole according to the sampling result, and positions the large-gap bolt hole on the shaft sleeve through the simulated position; after the bolts are positioned, the bolts are specified by the clamping device 7, and the sleeve is heated in a clamped state and then attached to the shaft.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the sampling device 5 is mainly composed of a dummy hub 51, a floating pin 52, and a floating pin nut 53.
The simulation shaft sleeve 51 is used for simulating a real shaft sleeve 2, but the matching size of the simulation shaft sleeve 51 and the rotating shaft 1 is slightly larger than that of the real shaft sleeve 2, so that small clearance fit between the simulation shaft sleeve 51 and the rotating shaft 1 is ensured, heating is not needed when the simulation shaft sleeve 51 is installed, and the positioning accuracy is not influenced.
The lower end of the simulation shaft sleeve 51 is provided with a lower flange edge 512, the position of a mounting hole of the lower flange edge 512 simulates the shaft sleeve flange edge 21 of the real shaft sleeve 2, and meanwhile, the diameter of the mounting hole is equal to or larger than the size of a bolt hole of the real shaft sleeve 2, so that the bolt hole is in large clearance fit. The upper end of the simulation shaft sleeve 51 is provided with an upper flange edge 511, the upper flange edge 511 is provided with a notch 513, the floating pin 52 is convenient to take, and meanwhile, the notch 513 on the upper flange edge 511 is aligned with the mounting hole of the lower flange edge 512, so that the straight screwdriver can smoothly reach the position of the mounting hole.
The number of the floating pins 52 is the same as the number of bolt holes (i.e., large clearance fit holes 22) on the boss 2. The floating pin 52 is of a three-section cylindrical structure, namely, the two ends of the floating pin are thin, the middle of the floating pin is thick, the lower end of the floating pin is of a long pin structure with a tip, the diameter of the long pin structure simulates the diameter of a real shaft sleeve fixing bolt, the upper end of the floating pin structure is of a threaded structure and used for fixing the floating pin 52 in the operation process, the middle of the floating pin structure is of a short cylinder with a large diameter, the short cylinder structure forms an anti-rotation part 521 to achieve axial positioning of the floating pin 52, and a part of a short cylinder surface of the anti-rotation part 521 is removed to remove.
The floating pin nut 53 is expanded into a regular hexagonal cylindrical surface, one end of the floating pin nut is a threaded hole, and the other end of the floating pin nut is provided with a straight groove.
When the anti-rotation device is used, the floating pin 52 and the floating pin nut 53 are sequentially installed in the installation hole of the lower flange edge 512 of the simulation shaft sleeve 51, the first anti-rotation edge 522 in the middle of the floating pin 52 faces to the center of the simulation shaft sleeve 51, and the first anti-rotation edge 522 is blocked by the cylindrical protruding edge 514 at the lower end of the simulation shaft sleeve 51 and cannot rotate. The thread section of the floating pin 52 is matched with the threaded hole of the floating pin nut 53, and the floating pin 52 cannot rotate, so that the floating pin nut 53 is screwed, and the threaded connection of the floating pin 52 and the floating pin nut can be realized. The floating pin 52 and the mounting hole completely simulate the size of the real shaft sleeve 2 and the connecting bolt 3, the matching of the floating pin 52 and the mounting hole is large clearance fit, and the floating pin 52 can move horizontally in the mounting hole before the floating pin nut 53 is completely screwed down. To ensure that the floating pin 52 can move, the floating pin 52 is not completely tightened after being connected with the floating pin nut 53.
The assembled simulation shaft sleeve 51 is installed on the rotating shaft 1, the floating pin 52 is basically aligned with the bolt hole on the flange edge of the rotating shaft, the tip of the floating pin 52 is far smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole, when the center of the pin hole deviates from the center of the bolt hole, the tip can still be ensured to be inserted into the bolt hole on the rotating shaft 1, the simulation shaft sleeve 51 is continuously installed downwards, the tip conical surface which enters the bolt hole can play a guiding role, and the floating pin 52 which is not completely fixed is guided to be aligned and smoothly inserted into the bolt hole (if the tip cannot complete the guiding due to too much deviation, an operator can also pull the floating pin 52 to complete the alignment. After the simulation shaft sleeve 51 is installed in place, the floating pins 52 are inserted into the bolt holes on the rotating shaft smoothly, the position distribution of the floating pins 52 is completely consistent with the bolt holes on the rotating shaft 1, the floating pins 52 cannot rotate under the action of the first anti-rotating edges 522, the floating pin nuts 53 are screwed down completely by a screwdriver through the notches on the simulation shaft sleeve 51, and the floating pins 52 are completely fixed and do not move any more.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the simulator 6 is mainly composed of a simulation shaft 61, a floating sleeve 62, a floating sleeve nut 63, a leg 64, and a simulator grip 65.
The simulation shaft 61 has an overall dimension simulating a real rotating shaft 1, one end of the simulation shaft is a simulation flange 613, the mounting hole position of the simulation flange 613 simulates the bolt hole position on the real rotating shaft 1, and the middle part and the upper part of the simulation shaft 61 are provided with a simulation shaft first interference fit area 611 and a simulation shaft second interference fit area 612.
The number of floating bushes 62 corresponds to the number of bolt holes in the sleeve 2. The floating sleeve 62 is of a bolt structure with a central hole, the main body of the floating sleeve is a threaded shaft, the diameter of the threaded shaft is designed according to the diameter of a lower flange edge mounting hole of the simulation shaft 61, and the two are in large clearance fit. The tail of the threaded shaft is a cylinder with a diameter larger than that of the threaded shaft, so that the threaded shaft plays a role in axial positioning, an anti-rotation plane 621 is arranged, the side edge of the anti-rotation plane 621 is a second anti-rotation edge 622, and the anti-rotation mode is the same as that of the floating pin 52. The diameter of the central bore of the floating sleeve 62 is designed according to the floating pin 52 in the sampling device 5, which is a high precision clearance fit.
The floating sleeve nut 63 is a common hexagonal nut, and is matched with the thread of the thread part on the floating sleeve 62 to realize the fixation of the floating sleeve 62.
The support legs 64 serve as auxiliary supports to ensure that the simulation device 6 can be laid flat on the operation platform.
The simulator grip 65 serves to facilitate access to the simulator 6.
When the simulation device is used, the simulation device 6 is firstly flatly placed on the operation platform, the fixing nut of the floating sleeve 62 is loosened to the extent that the floating sleeve 62 can freely translate in the mounting hole, and the floating sleeve nut 63 does not need to be completely disassembled.
After the above operation is completed, the sampling device 5 is removed from the real rotation shaft 1, and since the simulation shaft 61 has the same size as the real rotation shaft 1, it is closely fitted with the simulation sleeve 51 of the sampling device 1. By substantially aligning the floating pin 52 of the sampling device 1 with the floating sleeve 62, the tip of the floating pin 52 is much smaller than the diameter of the central bore of the floating sleeve 62, and insertion of the tip into the bore of the floating sleeve 62 is still ensured when the center of the floating sleeve 62 is offset from the center of the floating pin 52. At this moment, the floating pin 52 is completely fixed and cannot translate, but the floating sleeve 62 is in large clearance fit with the mounting hole and is not completely fixed, the floating pin can freely translate in the mounting hole, the simulation shaft sleeve 51 is continuously mounted downwards, the tip conical surface of the floating pin 52 entering the hole of the floating sleeve 62 can play a role in guiding, and the floating sleeve 62 which is not completely fixed is guided to align and smoothly complete mounting (if the tip cannot complete guiding due to too much deviation, an operator can also stir the floating sleeve 62 to complete aligning). After the dummy bush 51 is mounted in place, the position of the floating bush 62 is smoothly adjusted to be completely consistent with the position of the floating pin 52. During sampling, the position of the floating pin 52 is adjusted to be consistent with the bolt hole of the real rotating shaft 1 and completely fixed, the floating sleeve 62 is matched with the floating pin 52 in a precise clearance fit mode, and the position distribution of the floating sleeve 62 is consistent with the bolt hole of the real rotating shaft 1. Under the action of the rotation-preventing plane 621, the floating sleeve 62 cannot rotate, the fixing nut of the floating sleeve 62 is completely screwed by a wrench, the sampling device 5 is removed from the simulation shaft 61, and the simulation of the central hole of the floating sleeve 62 on the position of the bolt hole on the real rotating shaft 1 is completed.
As shown in fig. 10, the clamp device 7 is mainly composed of a clamp ring 71, a tension assembly 73, a pressing assembly 72, a clamp device handle 74, and the like.
The clamping ring 71 is a circular ring with flanges on two sides, and the flanges are provided with mechanisms such as tensioning assemblies 73 and pressing assemblies 72, which need to be provided with corresponding through holes and threads.
A plurality of tensioning assemblies 73 are uniformly distributed along the circumference as required, and the compressing assemblies 72 are distributed according to the theoretical positions of the bolts pre-positioned as required.
The take-up assembly 73 includes a stud 731, a stud nut 732, a take-up spring 733, and a rotating hook 734. The main body of the rotating hook 734 is a cylinder with a blind hole at one end and a thin hook edge at the other end. One end of the stud 731 passes through the blind hole of the rotating hook 734 and is fixed at the bottom end of the blind hole. A tension spring 733 is disposed between the blind hole and the stud 731. The rotary hook 734, the stud 731 and the tension spring 733 integrally penetrate through a through hole in a lower flanging of the clamping ring 71, only a thin hook edge is left outside the lower flanging and cannot pass through the thin hook edge, the stud 731 continuously penetrates through an upper flanging of the clamping ring 71 and is fixed above the clamping ring 71 through the stud nut 732, the stud nut 732 is screwed, the length of the stud 731 below the upper flanging is shortened, the tension spring 733 is compressed to generate pretightening force, meanwhile, the upper end face of the rotary hook 734 keeps a certain distance from the upper flanging, and after the assembly is completed, the rotary hook 734 can rotate in a mounting hole of the clamping ring 71.
As shown in fig. 13, two rotation-preventing pins 735 are arranged on the clamp ring flanges at two sides of the thin hook edge to ensure that the rotating hook 734 can only rotate within 90 degrees, the thin hook edge is rotated to a position pointing to the center, the stud nut 732 is screwed tightly to tighten the tension spring 733, at this time, the rotating hook edge does not rotate along with the stud nut under the action of the stop pin, so that the change of the position of the hook edge caused by the rotation of the stud nut is avoided, the hook edge is reversely rotated by 90 degrees, when the hook edge is in a state perpendicular to the diameter direction, the hook edge is acted by another stop pin and cannot continuously rotate, at this time, the stud nut 732 is continuously loosened, the tension spring 733 is loosened, and the hook edge cannot rotate along with the.
The pressing assembly 72 includes a top wire 721, a stopper 722, a pressing spring 723 and a pressing rod 724. The main body of the pressing rod 724 is of a long round rod structure, and the lower end of the pressing rod is provided with a pressing hook. The compression rod 724 passes through a through hole on the lower flanging of the clamping ring 71, a compression spring 723 and a stop 722 are sequentially arranged on the compression rod 724 in series between the two flanging, the stop 722 is fixed on the compression rod 724, and meanwhile, the top end of the compression rod 724 is inserted into a section of the compression rod hole on the upper side of the clamping ring 71. The upper section of the pressing rod hole is a section of thread, a jackscrew 721 with the thread is screwed into the thread until the jackscrew presses the pressing rod 724, and the jackscrew 721 is continuously screwed down to enable a stop 722 on the pressing rod 724 to be away from the upper flanging end face by a certain distance.
As shown in fig. 12, the side of the stopper 722 has two blocking planes 7221, 7222 parallel to the axis of the pressing rod, and the two blocking planes are perpendicular to each other, when the pressing rod 724 is rotated to make one blocking plane 7222 on the stopper 722 fit with the clamping ring 71, the pressing hook on the pressing rod 724 points to the central direction and is in a pressing state, the jackscrew 721 is continuously screwed, the pressing rod 724 cannot continuously rotate due to the blocking of the blocking plane of the stopper, and thus the pressing rod can always press the bolt. When the jackscrew is loosened, the pressing rod is rotated reversely, so that the pressing hook is perpendicular to the diameter direction, and at the moment, the other blocking plane 7221 of the stop block is tightly attached to the clamping ring 71 and cannot rotate continuously in the direction.
A gripper handle 74 is provided on the gripper ring 71, which serves to facilitate the handling of the gripper 7.
As shown in fig. 14, before using the clamp device 7, the boss 2 is first mounted on the dummy shaft 61 of the dummy device 6 so that the bolt hole of the boss 2 is aligned with the center hole of the floating sleeve 62, and then the bolt to be mounted is inserted into the center hole of the floating sleeve 62 through the dummy shaft bolt hole. Since the position of the floating sleeve 62 is adjusted to be consistent with the position of the bolt hole of the rotating shaft 1, the positions of the bolts are all correct positions at this time. The compression rod pressing hook of the clamping device 7 and the rotating hook of the tensioning assembly are rotated to the direction perpendicular to the diameter, and the clamping device 7 is installed on the shaft sleeve 2. Rotating the rotating hook 734 of the tightening assembly 73 to point to the center, then the hook edge is clamped into the groove of the shaft sleeve 2, and screwing the nut of the tightening assembly 73 to compress the tightening spring 733 to clamp the shaft sleeve; the compression rod 724 of the compression assembly 72 is rotated to point the compression hook to the center, the jackscrew is screwed, and the spring is compressed to enable the compression rod to press the head of the bolt.
And (3) putting the fixed clamping device and the shaft sleeve into heating equipment for heating at the same time, wherein in the heating process, all parts are subjected to size change due to thermal expansion and cold contraction, such as the size B in fig. 11. After the clamping device is screwed down, the two springs are compressed, enough elastic pretightening force is provided, the pretightening force of the tension spring enables the pressure rod to be downward, namely the direction of relative increase of the B, and the pretightening force of the tension spring enables the rotating hook to be downward, namely the direction of relative decrease of the B, so that the size B of the clamping device and the size B of the shaft sleeve cannot be changed, and the bolt can be guaranteed to be kept pressed under the pretightening force of the springs.
After the heating is finished, the shaft sleeve and the clamping device are taken out from the heating equipment, and the shaft sleeve is directly installed on the rotating shaft. And a nut is arranged on the thread of the bolt for fixing. After the shaft sleeve is cooled, the nut of the tensioning assembly is loosened, the rotating hook is rotated out from the annular groove of the shaft sleeve, the jackscrew of the pressing assembly 72 is loosened, after the clamping device is lifted upwards for a certain distance, the pressing rod is rotated to be perpendicular to the diameter, the clamping device is taken out, and the installation of the shaft sleeve and the bolt is completed.
The bolt prepositioning device has the following advantages:
1) efficiency is improved, and the bolt position is adjusted at the installation side after heating in the original scheme, often causes the condition that the assembly needs to be reheated because of the adjustment time overlength, loses the heating effect. The position adjusting accuracy of the scheme is high, and one-time assembly success can be guaranteed.
2) The position adjustment is completed before heating, so that the risk of scalding an operator is greatly reduced.
3) The requirement for the state of the shaft is reduced, the shaft in the original scheme can be assembled only in a vertical upward state, and the shaft can form any angle with the horizontal plane in the scheme.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a bolt pre-positioning device for realize having flange structure's pivot and bushing's bolt location, its characterized in that, bolt pre-positioning device includes sampling device, analogue means, clamping device:
the sampling device is used for sampling the positions of the small-gap bolt holes on the edge of the rotating shaft flange, wherein the sampling device comprises a simulation shaft sleeve, a floating pin and a floating pin nut; the simulation shaft sleeve is provided with a lower flange edge and an upper flange edge, the position of a mounting hole arranged on the lower flange edge simulates the shaft sleeve flange edge of a real shaft sleeve, the upper flange edge is provided with a notch, and the notch is aligned with the mounting hole on the lower flange edge; the number of the floating pins is the same as that of the bolt holes in the shaft sleeve, the floating pins are provided with long pin structures with pointed ends at the lower ends, the diameters of the long pin structures simulate the diameters of real shaft sleeve fixing bolts, the upper ends of the floating pins are in threaded structures and used for fixing the floating pins in the operation process, and the middle parts of the floating pins are short cylindrical anti-rotation parts and used for achieving axial positioning of the floating pins; one end of the floating pin nut is a threaded hole matched with the floating pin, and the other end of the floating pin nut is provided with a straight groove;
the simulation device simulates the position of a small-gap bolt hole according to a sampling result and positions a large-gap bolt hole on the shaft sleeve through the simulated position, wherein the simulation device comprises a simulation shaft, a floating sleeve and a floating sleeve nut, the overall dimension of the simulation shaft simulates a real rotating shaft, one end of the simulation shaft is provided with a simulation flange edge, and the position of a mounting hole of the simulation flange edge is the same as the position of the bolt hole on the real rotating shaft; the number of the floating sleeves is the same as that of the bolt holes in the shaft sleeve, the floating sleeves are of bolt structures with central holes, the main bodies of the floating sleeves are threaded shafts, the diameters of the threaded shafts simulate the diameter of a lower flange edge mounting hole of the rotating shaft, the tail parts of the threaded shafts are cylinders with diameters larger than that of the threaded shafts, and the diameters of the central holes of the floating sleeves are matched with floating pins in the sampling device; the floating sleeve nut is matched with the thread at the upper thread part of the floating sleeve to realize the fixation of the floating sleeve;
after the bolt is positioned, the bolt is fixed through a clamping device, the shaft sleeve is heated in a clamping state, and then the shaft sleeve is installed on the shaft, wherein the clamping device comprises a clamping ring, a tensioning assembly and a pressing assembly; the clamping ring is a circular ring structure with flanges on two sides, the flanges are provided with tensioning assemblies and compressing assemblies, the shaft sleeve is clamped through the movement of the tensioning assemblies, and the connecting bolt is pressed through the movement of the compressing assemblies.
2. The bolt pre-positioning device of claim 1, wherein the anti-rotation portion forms a first anti-rotation edge parallel to the axis by removing a portion of the removed material from the short cylindrical surface.
3. The bolt pre-positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the floating sleeve is provided with an anti-rotation plane, and a side of the anti-rotation plane is provided with a second anti-rotation edge.
4. The bolt pre-positioning device according to claim 3, wherein the second anti-rotation edge is formed by removing a portion of the removed material at the edge of the anti-rotation plane.
5. The bolt pre-positioning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tightening assembly includes a stud, a stud nut, a tightening spring, and a rotating hook, wherein:
the rotary hook main body is a cylinder with a blind hole at one end, and the other end of the cylinder is a thin hook edge;
one end of the stud passes through the blind hole of the rotating hook and is fixed at the bottom end of the blind hole;
arranging a tension spring between the blind hole and the stud;
the rotary hook, the stud and the tension spring penetrate through the through hole in the flanging at the lower side of the clamping ring, only the thin hook edge is left outside the flanging at the lower side and cannot penetrate through the thin hook edge, the stud continuously penetrates through the upper flanging of the clamping ring and is fixed above the clamping ring through the stud nut, the stud nut is screwed, the length of the stud below the upper flanging is shortened, the tension spring is compressed to generate pretightening force, meanwhile, the upper end face of the rotary hook keeps a preset distance from the upper flanging, and the rotary hook can rotate in the mounting hole of the clamping ring.
6. The bolt pre-positioning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the hold-down assembly includes a jack screw, a stop, a hold-down spring, and a strut, wherein:
the main body of the pressure lever is of a long round bar structure, the lower end of the pressure lever is provided with a pressing hook, the pressure lever passes through a through hole on a lower flanging of the clamping ring, a pressing spring and a stop block are sequentially arranged on the pressure lever in series between the two flanging, the stop block is fixed on the pressure lever, and the top end of the pressure lever is inserted into a pressure lever hole on the upper side of the clamping ring by a preset length; the upper section of the pressure rod hole is provided with a section of thread, the jackscrew with the thread is screwed into the thread until the jackscrew compresses the pressure rod, and the jackscrew is continuously screwed, so that the stop block on the pressure rod leaves the upper flanging end face for a preset distance.
7. The bolt pre-positioning device according to claim 6, wherein the side of the stopper has two blocking planes parallel to the axis of the pressing rod, and the two blocking planes are perpendicular to each other, wherein when the pressing rod is rotated, one blocking plane on the stopper is attached to the clamping ring, so that the pressing hook on the pressing rod points to the central direction and is in a pressing state, the jackscrew is continuously screwed, and the pressing rod cannot continuously rotate due to the blocking plane of the stopper; when the jackscrew is loosened, the pressing rod is rotated reversely, so that the pressing hook is perpendicular to the diameter direction, and the other blocking plane of the stop block is tightly attached to the clamping ring and cannot rotate continuously in the reverse direction.
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| CN202010562021.8A CN111687588B (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2020-06-18 | Bolt pre-positioning device |
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| CN202010562021.8A CN111687588B (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2020-06-18 | Bolt pre-positioning device |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111687588A (en) | 2020-09-22 |
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