CN111481845A - Adjustable escape device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Adjustable escape device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111481845A CN111481845A CN202010276808.8A CN202010276808A CN111481845A CN 111481845 A CN111481845 A CN 111481845A CN 202010276808 A CN202010276808 A CN 202010276808A CN 111481845 A CN111481845 A CN 111481845A
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- lifting platform
- hydraulic cylinder
- speed regulator
- hydraulic
- escape device
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/02—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rescue cages, bags, or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/02—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rescue cages, bags, or the like
- A62B1/04—Single parts, e.g. fastening devices
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of escape devices, and particularly relates to an adjustable escape device and a control method thereof. The lifting mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a mounting plate, a guide pipe, a compression spring, a lifting platform and a guide rail, the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the ground through the mounting plate, the guide pipe is sleeved outside a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, the compression spring is sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder, and the lifting platform is connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and can slide up and down along the guide rail. The control mechanism comprises a speed regulator, a reversing valve, a controller and an electromagnet, the speed regulator is installed on the lifting platform, the reversing valve is installed on the speed regulator, the controller is installed on the reversing valve, and the electromagnet is installed on the wall of the top of the second floor and used for adsorbing and fixing the lifting platform. The adjustable escape device provided by the invention is simple to use and has the characteristics of rapidness and safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of escape devices, and particularly relates to an adjustable escape device and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, the main escape devices of high-rise buildings can be divided into two types, one type is that people trapped are sent out from a window along the wall surface to a fire scene through the retraction of a rope, and the other type is that a mechanical escape device is arranged in the high-rise building to send the trapped people out of a dangerous area. The two devices in the prior art are influenced by external environmental factors, and can not meet the requirements of quick, stable and safe escape process in any state. For example, patent 2017113850648 discloses a high altitude escape device, which needs to leave a certain reserved space around the building, and trapped people fall to the ground from high altitude through a conveyer belt, but the device is not suitable for buildings with higher floors, has low transportation efficiency, is easily influenced by weather, and is also easily collided with each other in the using process. In addition, the device also requires a higher psychological quality and operation technique for the trapped person to avoid the inability to control the descent speed better. Patent 2017111303459 discloses a mechanical escape device, and the device relies on gravity to descend completely, needs the user to carry out professional training and just can skilled operation, and is not suitable for old man and child to use, causes certain impact force to stranded personnel because of the falling speed is too fast easily. Therefore, the existing escape device can not meet the requirements of quick, simple and safe escape at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an adjustable escape device and a control method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an adjustable escape device, which is used for escape of trapped people on adjacent floors and comprises a lifting mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein the control mechanism is used for adjusting the descending speed of a lifting part.
The lifting mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a mounting plate, a guide pipe, a compression spring, a lifting platform and a guide rail, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the ground through the mounting plate, the guide pipe is sleeved outside a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, the compression spring is sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder and arranged in the guide pipe, the lifting platform is fixedly connected with the free end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the guide rail is arranged on the wall of the side face of the second floor, the lifting platform can slide up and down along the guide rail, in addition, a hydraulic through hole is formed in the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder along the axial direction and the radial direction of the lifting platform, and hydraulic oil flows into a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through.
The control mechanism comprises a speed regulator, a reversing valve, a controller and an electromagnet, wherein the speed regulator is installed on the lifting platform, the reversing valve is installed on the speed regulator, the controller is installed on the reversing valve, the reversing valve is communicated with a hydraulic through hole in a piston rod through a hydraulic pipeline, and the electromagnet is installed on the wall of the top of the second floor and used for adsorbing and fixing the lifting platform.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the lifting mechanism further includes two spring seats respectively engaged with two ends of the compression spring, one of the spring seats is interposed between the mounting plate and the hydraulic cylinder, and the other spring seat is interposed between the piston rod and the lifting table.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the lifting mechanism further includes two limiting blocks, one of the limiting blocks is disposed at the bottom of the guide tube for limiting the compression length of the compression spring, and the other limiting block is disposed at the outer side of the top of the guide tube for limiting the descending height of the lifting platform.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the lifting platform is further provided with a handrail.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fixed connection is a bolt connection.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the reversing valve includes a first check valve, a second check valve, and a return spring.
After the controller is pressed down, the first one-way valve is in a working state, at the moment, hydraulic oil in the speed regulator can flow into a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the power-assisted piston moves downwards.
After the controller is loosened, the second one-way valve is in a working state under the action of the return spring, and at the moment, hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder can flow back to an oil cavity of the speed regulator.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the speed regulator is an oil-gas type energy storage speed regulator.
The invention also provides a control method of the adjustable escape device, which comprises the following steps:
A. after the adjustable escape device is installed, trapped people directly stand on the lifting platform from the third floor and grab the handrail after the lifting platform and the electromagnet are adsorbed and fixed;
B. the trapped person presses the controller to enable the first one-way valve in the reversing valve to be in a working state, hydraulic oil in the speed regulator starts to flow into the hydraulic cylinder with the lever cavity, the lifting platform is separated from the electromagnet, the piston rod shrinks under the action of the gravity of the trapped person and the oil pressure of the speed regulator, the lifting platform starts to descend along the guide rail, and the trapped person can rotate the controller to adjust the opening of the first one-way valve so as to adjust the descending speed of the lifting platform;
C. when the lifting platform is contacted with a limiting block at the top of the guide pipe, the lifting platform stops descending, trapped people loosen the controller and quickly escape from the lifting platform to a second floor, at the moment, the reversing valve enables the second one-way valve to be in a working state under the action of the return spring, hydraulic oil in a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder enters the speed regulator, a piston rod extends out under the assistance of the tension of the compression spring, and the lifting platform rises along the guide rail until the lifting platform is adsorbed and fixed with the electromagnet again;
D. and repeating the steps A-C until all the trapped people are safely evacuated.
Has the advantages that: the adjustable escape device provided by the invention is simple to use, can be operated without professional training of trapped people, and widens the applicable crowd range of the device. The device utilizes the compression expansion of gravity, spring force, oil and gas to carry out energy storage conversion, need not external power source or energy consumption, also can normal use under the outage condition, and can adjust suitable falling speed according to stranded personnel's weight, ensures that the operation of elevating platform is quick, steady, guarantees stranded personnel's personal safety. When the trapped person escapes, the lifting platform automatically resets, so that the device has certain self-control performance. The escape device is arranged on each floor, so that the people trapped between any floors in the high-rise building can be safely evacuated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a structural view of an adjustable escape apparatus and a control method thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 1 at B.
Shown in the figure: 1-an adjustable escape apparatus; 20-a hydraulic cylinder; 21-mounting a plate; 22-a guide tube; 23-a compression spring; 24-a lifting platform; 25-a guide rail; 200-cylinder body; 201-a piston rod; 202-hydraulic through holes; 26-a spring seat; 27-a limiting block; 28-arm-rest; 30-a speed governor; 31-a reversing valve; 310-a first one-way valve; 311-a second one-way valve; 312-a return spring; 32-a controller; 33-electromagnet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms indicating an orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an adjustable escape device 1 for a trapped person to escape from the third floor to the second floor, which includes a lifting mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein the control mechanism is used for adjusting the descending speed of the lifting mechanism.
The lifting mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder 20, a mounting plate 21, a guide pipe 22, a compression spring 23, a lifting platform 24 and a guide rail 25, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 20 is fixedly connected with the ground through the mounting plate 21, the guide pipe 22 is sleeved outside a cylinder body 200 of the hydraulic cylinder 20, the compression spring 23 is sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder 20 and is arranged in the guide pipe 22, the lifting platform 24 is fixedly connected with a free end of a piston rod 201 of the hydraulic cylinder 20, the guide rail 25 is mounted on a second floor side wall, and the lifting platform 24 can slide up and down along the guide rail 25. In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the piston rod 201 of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is provided with an axial hydraulic through hole 202 and a radial hydraulic through hole 202, which are communicated with each other, so as to ensure that hydraulic oil can enter/exit the hydraulic cylinder 20 to have a rod cavity.
Specifically, the compression spring 23 is a variable-stiffness coil compression spring, and is used for lowering and returning the lift table 24.
The control mechanism comprises a speed regulator 30, a reversing valve 31, a controller 32 and an electromagnet 33, wherein the speed regulator 30 is installed on the lifting platform 24, the reversing valve 31 is installed on the speed regulator 30, the controller 32 is installed on the reversing valve 31, the reversing valve 31 is communicated with a hydraulic through hole 202 in a piston rod 201 through a hydraulic pipeline, and the electromagnet 33 is installed on the second floor top wall and used for adsorbing and fixing the lifting platform 24.
Specifically, the bottom of the lifting platform 24 is further provided with a hydraulic hole, and a hydraulic pipeline is arranged in the hydraulic hole, so that the hydraulic pipeline is communicated with the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 20 through the hydraulic hole, and finally the speed regulator 30 is communicated with the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 20 through the reversing valve, and the purpose of regulating the descending speed of the piston rod 201 through the speed regulator 30 is achieved.
The elevating unit further includes two spring seats 26 respectively engaged with both ends of the compression spring 23, one of the spring seats 26 is interposed between the mounting plate 21 and the hydraulic cylinder 20, and the other spring seat 26 is interposed between the piston rod 201 and the elevating table 24.
The elevating part further includes two stoppers 27, one of the stoppers 27 is disposed at the inner side of the bottom of the guide tube 22 for limiting the compression length of the compression spring 23, and the other stopper 27 is disposed at the outer side of the top of the guide tube 22 for limiting the lowering height of the elevating platform 24.
The lifting platform 24 is also provided with a handrail 28.
The fixed connection is a bolt connection.
Specifically, the free end of the piston rod is bolted to the bottom surface of the lifting platform 24 through a spring seat 26. The bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is bolted through a spring seat 26, a mounting plate 21 and a bottom surface.
As shown in fig. 3, the direction valve 31 is a two-position two-way direction valve, and includes a first check valve 310, a second check valve 311, and a return spring 312. The direction of flow is regulated by the controller 32.
When the controller 32 is pressed, the first check valve 310 is in an operating state, and at this time, the hydraulic oil in the speed governor 30 can flow into the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 20, the assist piston rod 201 moves down, the compression spring 23 contracts, and the lifting table 24 descends.
After the controller 32 is released, under the action of the return spring 312, the second one-way valve 311 is in a working state, at this time, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 20 can flow back to the speed regulating valve 30, the piston rod 201 extends out, the lifting platform 24 rises, at this time, under the action of the second one-way valve 311, the hydraulic oil in the speed regulator 30 cannot enter the hydraulic cylinder 20, so that the lifting platform 24 can be kept stable, and safety guarantee is provided for standing of trapped people.
The speed regulator 30 is an oil-gas type energy storage speed regulator 30.
Specifically, the governor 30 includes an oil chamber and an air chamber, which interact with each other, the oil chamber is used for containing hydraulic oil, the air chamber is provided with compressed air, when the first check valve 310 is in an operating state, the hydraulic oil in the governor 30 enters the hydraulic cylinder 20 through the axial and radial hydraulic through holes 202 and has a lever chamber under the action of the compressed air, and the piston rod 201 is pushed to extend. When the second check valve 311 is in an operating state, the piston rod 201 moves upwards under the action of the compression spring 23, hydraulic oil in a lever cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 20 enters an oil cavity of the speed regulator 30 through the axial hydraulic through hole 202 and the radial hydraulic through hole 202, and gas is compressed to store energy.
The embodiment also provides a control method of the adjustable escape device 1, which comprises the following steps:
A. after the adjustable escape device 1 is installed, trapped people directly stand on the lifting platform 24 from the third floor and grab the handrail 28 after the lifting platform 24 and the electromagnet 33 are adsorbed and fixed;
B. the trapped person presses the controller 32 to enable the first one-way valve 310 in the reversing valve 31 to be in a working state, hydraulic oil in the speed regulator 30 starts to flow into a lever cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 20, the lifting platform 24 is separated from the electromagnet 33, the piston rod 201 contracts under the action of the gravity of the trapped person and the oil pressure of the speed regulator 30, the lifting platform 24 starts to descend along the guide rail, and at the moment, the trapped person can rotate the controller 32 to adjust the opening of the first one-way valve 310 to adjust the descending speed of the lifting platform 24;
C. when the lifting platform 24 contacts with the limiting block at the top of the guide pipe 22, the lifting platform stops descending, trapped people loosen the controller 32 and quickly escape from the lifting platform 24 to the second floor, at the moment, the reversing valve 31 enables the second one-way valve 311 to be in a working state under the action of the return spring 312, hydraulic oil in a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 20 enters the speed regulator 30, the piston rod 201 extends out under the assistance of the tension of the compression spring 23, and the lifting platform 24 ascends along the guide rail 25 until the lifting platform and the electromagnet 33 are adsorbed and fixed again;
D. and repeating the steps A-C until all the trapped people are safely evacuated.
The adjustable escape device and the control method thereof provided by the embodiment have the beneficial effects that: the adjustable escape device provided by the invention is simple to use, can be operated without professional training of trapped people, and widens the applicable crowd range of the device. The device utilizes the compression expansion of gravity, spring force, oil and gas to carry out energy storage conversion, need not external power source or energy consumption, also can normal use under the outage condition, and can adjust suitable falling speed according to stranded personnel's weight, ensures that the operation of elevating platform is quick, steady, guarantees stranded personnel's personal safety. When the trapped person escapes, the lifting platform automatically resets, so that the device has certain self-control performance. The escape device is arranged on each floor, so that the people trapped between any floors in the high-rise building can be safely evacuated.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An adjustable escape device is used for trapped people to escape from adjacent floors and is characterized by comprising a lifting mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein the control mechanism is used for adjusting the descending speed of the lifting mechanism;
the lifting mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a mounting plate, a guide pipe, a compression spring, a lifting platform and a guide rail, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the ground through the mounting plate, the guide pipe is sleeved outside a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, the compression spring is sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder and arranged in the guide pipe, the lifting platform is fixedly connected with a free end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the guide rail is arranged on a wall on the side surface of a second floor, the lifting platform can slide up and down along the guide rail, in addition, a hydraulic through hole is arranged in the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder along the axial direction and the radial direction of the lifting platform, and hydraulic oil flows into a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through the;
control mechanism includes speed regulator, switching-over valve, controller and electro-magnet, wherein the speed regulator is installed on the elevating platform, the switching-over valve is installed on the speed regulator, the controller is installed on the switching-over valve, hydraulic pressure through-hole in switching-over valve and the piston rod passes through hydraulic pressure pipeline intercommunication, the electro-magnet is installed on second floor top wall for adsorb fixedly the elevating platform.
2. The adjustable escape device of claim 1, wherein the elevating mechanism further comprises two spring seats respectively clamped to two ends of the compression spring, one of the spring seats is clamped between the mounting plate and the hydraulic cylinder, and the other spring seat is clamped between the piston rod and the elevating platform.
3. The adjustable escape device of claim 2, wherein the elevating mechanism further comprises two limiting blocks, one of the limiting blocks is disposed at the bottom of the guide tube for limiting the compression length of the compression spring, and the other limiting block is disposed at the outer side of the top of the guide tube for limiting the descending height of the elevating platform.
4. The adjustable escape device of claim 3, wherein a handrail is further provided on the elevating platform.
5. The adjustable escape device of claim 1, wherein the fixed connection is a bolted connection.
6. The adjustable escape device of claim 1, wherein the directional valve includes a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve, and a return spring;
after the controller is pressed down, the first one-way valve is in a working state, at the moment, hydraulic oil in the speed regulator can flow into a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the power-assisted piston rod moves downwards;
after the controller is loosened, the second one-way valve is in a working state under the action of the return spring, and at the moment, hydraulic oil in a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder can flow back to an oil cavity of the speed regulator.
7. The adjustable escape apparatus of claim 1, wherein the speed governor is an oil-gas type energy storage speed governor.
8. A control method of an adjustable escape device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. after the adjustable escape device is installed, trapped people directly stand on the lifting platform from the third floor and grab the handrail after the lifting platform and the electromagnet are adsorbed and fixed;
B. the trapped person presses the controller to enable the first one-way valve in the reversing valve to be in a working state, hydraulic oil in the speed regulator starts to flow into the hydraulic cylinder with the lever cavity, the lifting platform is separated from the electromagnet, the piston rod shrinks under the action of the gravity of the trapped person and the oil pressure of the speed regulator, the lifting platform starts to descend along the guide rail, and the trapped person can rotate the controller to adjust the opening of the first one-way valve so as to adjust the descending speed of the lifting platform;
C. when the lifting platform is contacted with a limiting block at the top of the guide pipe, the lifting platform stops descending, trapped people loosen the controller and quickly escape from the lifting platform to a second floor, at the moment, the reversing valve enables the second one-way valve to be in a working state under the action of the return spring, hydraulic oil in a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder enters the speed regulator, a piston rod extends out under the assistance of the tension of the compression spring, and the lifting platform rises along the guide rail until the lifting platform is adsorbed and fixed with the electromagnet again;
D. and repeating the steps A-C until all the trapped people are safely evacuated.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010276808.8A CN111481845B (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Adjustable escape device and control method thereof |
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| CN202010276808.8A CN111481845B (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Adjustable escape device and control method thereof |
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| CN111481845A true CN111481845A (en) | 2020-08-04 |
| CN111481845B CN111481845B (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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|---|---|
| CN111481845B (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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