CN111462297A

CN111462297A - Modeling method of 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional live-action model

Info

Publication number: CN111462297A
Application number: CN201910057940.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵锴; 沈小军; 张义莲; 沙杰; 陈冠
Original assignee: State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-22
Filing date: 2019-01-22
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-22
Also published as: CN111462297B

Abstract

The invention relates to a modeling method of a 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional live-action model, which comprises the following steps: (1) dividing the switch cabinet into a plurality of functional areas, and dividing different parts according to structural characteristics; (2) collecting three-dimensional laser point cloud data of each part, and simultaneously collecting color information and texture information of each part of the switch cabinet; (3) carrying out registration processing on the obtained three-dimensional laser point cloud data to obtain a three-dimensional model of each functional area of the switch cabinet; (4) carrying out model splicing and fusion processing on the three-dimensional models of the functional areas to obtain a three-dimensional model of the whole switch cabinet; (5) and performing mapping rendering on the three-dimensional model of the switch cabinet to obtain a three-dimensional live-action model of the switch cabinet. The three-dimensional live-action model established by the invention can be used for showing the shape, the appearance, the internal structure and the connection matching and operation relation among components of equipment in a three-dimensional mode, and solves the problems that the existing training mode is low in efficiency, difficult to guarantee quality and consumes resources.

Description

Modeling method of 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional live-action model

Technical Field

The invention relates to operation and maintenance training in the power industry, in particular to a modeling method of a 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional live-action model.

Background

The rapid development of economy brings continuous growth of electric power company business, and in order to meet business requirements, a plurality of new employees are added, and particularly in the field of operation and maintenance, the proportion of the new employees is very high.

The arrival of a large number of new employees fills up the manpower gap brought by the service growth, the pressure of the service is relieved to a certain extent, but the operation and inspection training system cannot adapt to the situation in a short time. Under the condition of limited training resources, the concentrated training of large-batch new employees has low efficiency and difficult quality guarantee, and consumes a large amount of resources.

In order to ensure the safety and quality of operation, maintenance and overhaul work, electric power companies can only adopt more methods for carrying out on-site training on a working site to make up for the defects of professional training, but electrical equipment on a power production site cannot be disassembled for teaching, factors such as the site and safety greatly limit the carrying out of training, and the efficiency, the quality and even the safety of normal work can be influenced by carrying out the training in work.

At present, the virtual reality technology is widely applied to the fields of architectural design, mechanical design, education and training, industrial manufacturing and the like. The virtual reality technology is used for faithfully restoring the equipment and scenes encountered in the operation and inspection work, the complex, abstract and two-dimensional data information can be embodied in a three-dimensional, visual and interactive mode, and the virtual reality technology is very suitable for being applied to the field of electric power training.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a modeling method of a three-dimensional live-action model of a 10KV switch cabinet, the three-dimensional live-action model established by the invention not only can show the shape and the appearance of equipment in a three-dimensional mode, but also can display the internal structure of the equipment and the connection coordination and operation relation among components, the effect is vivid, and the problems that the existing training mode is low in efficiency, difficult to guarantee quality and consumes resources are solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the scheme of the invention is as follows: a modeling method of a 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional live-action model comprises the following steps:

(1) Dividing the switch cabinet into a plurality of functional areas according to a spatial structure, and dividing different parts of each functional area according to structural characteristics;

(2) Respectively collecting three-dimensional laser point cloud data of each part, and simultaneously collecting color information and texture information of each part of the switch cabinet;

(3) Preprocessing three-dimensional laser point cloud data to obtain a reference point cloud;

(4) Respectively obtaining reference point clouds of all functional areas of the switch cabinet, and calculating the reference point clouds of all the functional areas by adopting a matching algorithm to generate a three-dimensional model;

(5) Carrying out model splicing and fusion processing on the three-dimensional models of the functional areas to obtain a three-dimensional model of the whole switch cabinet;

(6) And according to the color information and the texture information of each part of the switch cabinet, performing mapping rendering on the three-dimensional model of the switch cabinet to obtain a three-dimensional live-action model of the switch cabinet.

Further, the switch cabinet is divided into: the device comprises a breaker chamber, a bus chamber, a cable chamber and a relay instrument chamber.

Further, the parts classified by structural features include: the cable comprises cylindrical and spherical parts, prismatic parts, circular ring parts, irregular parts, insulator parts and secondary cables.

Further, the model of the cylindrical and spherical parts is constructed as follows:

And (3) importing the related point cloud data of the cylindrical and spherical parts into modeling software, intercepting the point cloud, and obtaining the three-dimensional real scene model of the cylindrical and spherical equipment by utilizing the function of fitting the cylinder or the sphere.

Further, the model of the prism-like component is constructed as follows:

The method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring related point cloud data of prism equipment; secondly, creating a rectangular feature by using the end surface vertex point cloud; thirdly, stretching the rectangular features, wherein the stretching length is based on the point cloud as a reference, and obtaining a three-dimensional wire frame model; and fourthly, converting the three-dimensional wire frame into a three-dimensional real scene model.

Further, the model of the ring-like parts is constructed as follows:

Firstly, extracting point cloud data of circular ring parts, respectively carrying out transverse slicing and longitudinal slicing by utilizing a slicing function of modeling software, extracting the excircle radius and the circle center of a circular ring, and acquiring a section circle radius R;

And finally, constructing a circular ring with the section radius of R by using the circle fitting function and taking the circle center of the excircle as the center and the radius of the excircle as the radius, and obtaining the grading ring three-dimensional real-scene model of the circular ring equipment.

Further, the irregular parts are modeled as follows: firstly, point cloud data of irregular equipment is obtained;

Secondly, establishing characteristics such as a prism, a cylinder or a sphere by taking the point cloud as a reference;

And finally, carrying out difference, parallel operation, intersection operation and the like on different feature bodies by utilizing Boolean operation to obtain the three-dimensional real scene model of the irregular equipment.

Further, the modeling method of the insulator parts comprises the following steps:

Processing the point cloud data by using point cloud processing software to generate a point cloud slice; in modeling software, a two-dimensional contour map is sketched through a point cloud slice by utilizing an ambiguous line; and rotating the two-dimensional outline by utilizing a rotation function to obtain a three-dimensional model.

Further, the secondary cable model is specifically modeled as follows:

Firstly, acquiring point cloud data of a secondary cable, intercepting the point cloud of the secondary cable, and exporting the point cloud into ASCII type data as modeling reference data;

Secondly, establishing a point cloud slice of the secondary cable by using a slicing tool in modeling software;

Then, a two-dimensional contour map of the slice is drawn by utilizing the polysemous line, and meanwhile, a cross section extending track is drawn by utilizing the three-dimensional line segment;

And finally, sweeping the section two-dimensional contour map along the extension track by a sweeping function to obtain a three-dimensional live-action model of the secondary cable.

The invention achieves the following beneficial effects: the three-dimensional live-action model established by the invention can accurately restore the electric equipment of the switch cabinet, and can provide a training mode which has vivid three-dimensional effect, absolute safety and reliability and can be applied to equipment such as computers, smart phones and the like for transformer operation and inspection.

The three-dimensional live-action model established by the invention not only can show the shape and the appearance of the equipment in a three-dimensional way, but also can display the internal structure of the equipment and the connection coordination and the operation relation among components, and has extremely strong practicability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a switchgear cabinet area division and component division;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a modeling method of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.

In the field of operation and maintenance of power supply companies, a 10kV switch cabinet is the most common working object, and the 10kV switch cabinet modeled by the invention is air-insulated armored metal-enclosed switch equipment.

The specific modeling method of the invention is as follows:

The first step, divide 10kV cubical switchboard into a plurality of functional areas according to spatial structure: the system comprises a breaker chamber A, a bus compartment B, a cable chamber C and a relay instrument chamber D.

The internal structure of each functional area is divided into: the device comprises a bus 1, a static contact box 2, a circuit breaker 3, a grounding switch 4, a current transformer 5, a voltage transformer 6, a lightning arrester 7, a bus sleeve, a pressure relief device, a main bus, a static contact box, a cable, a grounding bus, a detachable clapboard, a secondary plug, a spring operating mechanism, a heater, a grounding switch operating mechanism, a terminal strip, an air switch, a relay and the like. For a detailed division, refer to fig. 1.

During concrete modeling, the parts are divided into the following parts according to the structural types: the cable comprises cylindrical and spherical parts, prismatic parts, circular ring parts, irregular parts, insulator parts and secondary cables.

And secondly, scanning the switch cabinet in a subarea mode by using a three-dimensional laser measuring arm according to the principle from outside to inside, and collecting laser point cloud data of different parts in each area of the switch cabinet. All key devices for scanning include: the device comprises a shell, primary main equipment, secondary main equipment, a cable, a grounding wire, various nameplates and marks.

In order to obtain the live-action model, in the process of collecting point cloud data, color information and texture information of each part of the switch cabinet, including various metals, plastics, nameplates, marks and the like, are collected.

And thirdly, preprocessing the obtained point cloud data and providing reference point cloud for three-dimensional reconstruction of the model. The collected original point cloud data can not be directly used for building a three-dimensional model and can be used after being processed. For the whole modeling of the switch cabinet, the point cloud required by modeling is clear and prominent, and has no noise point and no irrelevant point cloud. The point cloud data needs to be preprocessed in registration software, and the point cloud is segmented and extracted to obtain clear and high-quality point cloud serving as reference point cloud.

And fourthly, sequentially and orderly establishing three-dimensional models of different areas according to the areas divided during the point cloud acquisition in three-dimensional modeling software.

And fifthly, carrying out model splicing to obtain a three-dimensional live-action model of the switch cabinet. The switch cabinet fine real-scene model is complex in structure and extremely numerous in three-dimensional plane, and the switch cabinet needs to be modeled in blocks according to the structure, and finally spliced and combined in three-dimensional display software to construct an integral model.

And sixthly, the model obtained through the steps does not have textures, and the collected actual textures and colors of the switch cabinet are endowed to the three-dimensional model, so that the three-dimensional real-scene model is obtained.

For modeling of different parts, the basic modeling principle of 'from large to small and from outside to inside' is adopted, and the structure of the switch cabinet equipment is divided into different types such as cylinders, spheres, prisms, rings, irregular structures, insulators, secondary cables and the like according to different model building methods, and the model building methods of the parts with different structure types are described in detail below.

1) Cylindrical and spherical.

Cylindrical and spherical models are common structures in switch cabinets, such as bolts, cable joints, etc. The model of the cylindrical and spherical parts is constructed as follows:

And (3) importing the related point cloud data of the cylindrical and spherical parts into modeling software, intercepting the point cloud, and obtaining the three-dimensional real scene model of the cylindrical and spherical equipment by utilizing the function of fitting the cylinder or the sphere. .

2) Prisms.

Prismatic structures are the most common structures, such as switchgear body structures, current transformer components, equipment bases, and the like. The prism model has no direct fitting function and needs to be created step by utilizing a reference point cloud: the method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring related point cloud data of prism equipment; secondly, creating a rectangular feature by using the end surface vertex point cloud; thirdly, stretching the rectangular features, wherein the stretching length is based on the point cloud as a reference, and obtaining a three-dimensional wire frame model; and fourthly, converting the three-dimensional wire frame into a three-dimensional real scene model.

3) Circular rings.

Mechanical structures such as various springs and grounding disconnecting links often comprise circular ring structures, and the models are rotational centrosymmetric models and have the characteristic that the cross sections of all parts are the same. The model of the ring-like parts is constructed as follows:

Firstly, extracting point cloud data of ring parts, respectively carrying out transverse slicing and longitudinal slicing by utilizing a slicing function of modeling software, extracting the excircle radius R and the circle center O of a ring, and acquiring the section circle radius R;

And finally, constructing a ring with the section radius of R by using a ring fitting function and taking the outer circle center O as the center and R as the radius, and obtaining the grading ring three-dimensional real-scene model of the ring equipment.

4) And (4) irregular class.

The irregular parts mainly appear at the joints among different structures and are characterized in that the structural features are not obvious and cannot be obtained by constructing basic feature bodies. The irregular parts are modeled as follows:

Firstly, point cloud data of irregular equipment is obtained;

5) An insulator.

The insulator is an important part in the switch cabinet, plays a role of insulating and supporting, and can bear the voltage and mechanical stress. Compared with other parts with complex structures, the insulator has a relatively single structure and a regular shape, and is a model with a rotational center symmetric structure. The modeling method of the insulator parts comprises the following steps:

6) Secondary cables. In a switch cabinet for training purposes, the most important part is the secondary cable. Each secondary cable has a loop number, two sections of connected terminals and equipment must be correct, and the structure of the secondary cable is an irregular cylinder. Thus, the secondary cable can be considered as a three-dimensional solid formed by stretching a regular two-dimensional planar circle along a smooth path.

The secondary cable model is specifically modeled as follows:

By the method, the switch cabinet can be divided into modules which are accurately reconstructed according to the point cloud, and the modules are spliced into a complete equipment model in a building block stacking mode. The size and shape of the formed model are completely the same as those of the switch cabinet, and the coordinate information of the model also completely conforms to the real situation.

Claims

1. A modeling method of a 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional live-action model is characterized by comprising the following steps: the modeling method comprises the following steps:

2. The modeling method of the 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional live-action model according to claim 1, wherein the switch cabinet is divided into: the device comprises a breaker chamber, a bus chamber, a cable chamber and a relay instrument chamber.

3. The modeling method of the 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional real-scene model according to claim 1, wherein the parts divided according to the structural features comprise: the cable comprises cylindrical and spherical parts, prismatic parts, circular ring parts, irregular parts, insulator parts and secondary cables.

4. The modeling method of the 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional real-scene model according to claim 3, wherein the model of the cylindrical and spherical parts is constructed as follows:

5. The modeling method of the 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional real-scene model according to claim 3, wherein the model of the prism-like parts is constructed as follows:

6. The modeling method of the 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional real-scene model according to claim 3, wherein the model of the ring parts is constructed as follows:

7. The modeling method of the 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional real scene model according to claim 3, wherein the modeling of the irregular parts is as follows: firstly, point cloud data of irregular equipment is obtained;

8. The modeling method of the three-dimensional real-scene model of the 10KV switch cabinet according to claim 3, wherein the modeling method of the insulator parts is as follows:

9. The modeling method of the 10KV switch cabinet three-dimensional real scene model according to claim 3, wherein the secondary cable model is specifically modeled as follows: