CN111366299B - Method and device for measuring center of gravity of swivel part of swivel bridge - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring center of gravity of swivel part of swivel bridge Download PDFInfo
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01M1/122—Determining position of centre of gravity
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Abstract
The application relates to a method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge, which comprises the following steps: calculating the number 4n of required force measuring devices according to the radius r of the lower turntable, and calculating the central angle theta of two adjacent force measuring devices relative to the center O of the lower turntable, wherein n is a positive integer; determining a distance R between the arrangement position of the force measuring device and the center O; all force measuring devices are uniformly arranged on the lower turntable along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable, so that all force measuring devices are surrounded to form a circle with O as a circle center and R as a radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices is theta; sequentially constructing an upper turntable and a beam body on a lower turntable, completing construction of a swivel part, and supporting a force measuring device between the upper turntable and the lower turntable; acquiring the load force measured by all force measuring devices, and calculating the gravity center eccentric quantity e of the swivel part by combining R and theta; and obtaining the actual gravity center of the rotating body part according to the gravity center eccentric quantity e and the circle center O.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of bridge swivel construction, in particular to a method and a device for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge.
Background
At present, in order to reduce the influence on an operation line as much as possible, bridge swivel construction is often the first choice and even the necessary choice when crossing railways and highways. The swivel system of the swivel bridge consists of a lower turntable, an upper spherical hinge, a lower spherical hinge, a slideway and a traction system, wherein the upper turntable can rotate around the lower turntable through the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge. And constructing piers and beam bodies on the upper turntable, and forming swivel parts together with the upper turntable, the piers and the beam bodies. After the construction of the bridge pier and the beam body is completed, the swivel part pulls the traction rope through the jack to form a rotating force to realize swivel. The balance control of the rotating body part in the rotating body process is a key point, so that the structural safety of the rotating body part in the rotating body process is ensured, and the gravity center is not excessively large; and the controllability of the rotating part in the rotating process is ensured, and the center of gravity is not too small. Therefore, the center of gravity of the swivel part of the swivel bridge is required to be determined and adjusted before the swivel.
In the related art, the adopted method is to carry out an unbalanced weight weighing test on a swivel part, chinese patent literature with the authority bulletin number of CN105507163B discloses a device and a detection method for judging a critical point of the swivel bridge weighing test, a spherical hinge vertical rotation method is adopted, the main principle is that when the spherical hinge is in a limit state between a static friction state and a dynamic friction state, the stress state is suddenly changed, and meanwhile, the displacement of the spherical hinge is suddenly changed, so that the corresponding loading load in the limit state is judged, unbalanced moment is obtained according to a related calculation formula, and the gravity center eccentric value is determined; the equipment used must contain a loading equipment jack, a displacement sensor that measures deformation.
But the gravity center of the swivel bridge swivel part measured by adopting the unbalanced weight weighing test of the spherical hinge vertical rotation method has larger defects:
1. At present, the weight of a single swivel part of a swivel bridge reaches 46000 tons, when the weight of the swivel part is larger or curves, the required jacking load is very large, the requirement on a jacking device is high and complex, and the local concrete structure can be damaged when the jacking load is very large.
2. In the jacking loading process, data cannot be processed in real time and the loading of control force can not be fed back, so that the rotation is out of control, the beam body is overturned, and the safety risk is high.
3. When jacking, the rotator part is jacked until rotation occurs, so that required data can be obtained, and the space geometric position of the beam body of the rotator part can be changed when jacking rotation is performed each time; in the subsequent closure construction, the longitudinal and transverse space geometric postures of the beam body are required to be adjusted, otherwise, the phase difference is too large, closure cannot be performed, particularly, the steel beam is high in control precision requirement, the workload required to be adjusted is very large, and the adjustment is very complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for measuring the gravity center of a swivel part of a swivel bridge, which are used for solving the problem that in the related art, the swivel part is lifted to rotate by a jacking force with large load so as to measure the gravity center of the swivel part.
In a first aspect, a method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge is provided, comprising the steps of:
calculating the number 4n of required force measuring devices according to the radius r of the lower turntable, and calculating the central angle theta of two adjacent force measuring devices relative to the center O of the lower turntable, wherein n is a positive integer;
determining a distance R between the arrangement position of the force measuring device and the center O;
all force measuring devices are uniformly arranged on the lower turntable along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable, so that all force measuring devices are surrounded to form a circle with O as a circle center and R as a radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices is theta;
Sequentially constructing an upper turntable and a beam body on the lower turntable, completing construction of a swivel part, and supporting the force measuring device between the upper turntable and the lower turntable;
Acquiring load force measured by all force measuring devices, and calculating the gravity center eccentric quantity e of the swivel part by combining R and theta;
and obtaining the actual gravity center of the swivel part according to the gravity center eccentric quantity e and the circle center O.
In some embodiments, the O is taken as a center point, the transverse bridge is taken as a transverse center line of the lower turntable, the longitudinal bridge is taken as a longitudinal center line of the lower turntable, the lower turntable is divided into an E area, an S area, a W area and an N area, wherein the E area and the N area are positioned on a large mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line respectively; the S area and the W area are positioned on the small mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line;
Calculating e by adopting the following algorithm:
Wherein e H is a transverse component of the center of gravity eccentricity of the swivel part, and e Z is a longitudinal component of the center of gravity eccentricity of the swivel part;
e H is calculated as follows:
Wherein, P 6E is the load force measured by the force measuring device in the E area, P 6S is the load force measured by the force measuring device in the S area, P 6W is the load force measured by the force measuring device in the W area, and P 6N is the load force measured by the force measuring device in the N area; Moment sums of the load forces measured for the force measuring devices located in the E and S regions relative to the longitudinal center line of the lower turntable; /(I) Moment sums of load forces measured for force measuring devices located in the W region and the N region relative to a longitudinal centerline of the lower turntable; /(I)Is a transverse unbalanced moment; e H is a lateral component of the center of gravity eccentricity of the swivel part, "+" indicates left eccentricity, and "-" indicates right eccentricity; g is the weight of the swivel part;
e Z is calculated as follows:
In the method, in the process of the invention, Moment sums of the load forces measured for the force measuring devices located in the E and N regions relative to the lateral center line of the lower turntable; /(I)Moment sums of the load forces measured for the force measuring devices located in the S-region and the W-region relative to the lateral center line of the lower turntable; /(I)Is a longitudinal unbalanced moment; e Z is a longitudinal component of the center of gravity eccentricity of the swivel part, "+" indicates eccentricity to the large mileage side, and "-" indicates eccentricity to the small mileage side.
In some embodiments, the lower turntable comprises a lower turntable body and a lower spherical hinge, wherein the center of the lower turntable body is convexly arranged upwards and is provided with a lower turntable, and the lower spherical hinge is arranged on the lower turntable; and the radius r is the radius of the projection of the lower spherical hinge on the lower disc body.
In some embodiments, n and θ are calculated using the following formulas:
In some embodiments, after calculating the center of gravity eccentricity e of the swivel part, the method further comprises the following steps:
and (3) comparing the e with a preset multi-level threshold interval, judging the level of the threshold interval where the e is located, and sending out corresponding early warning.
In some embodiments, the preset multi-level threshold interval includes a first-level threshold interval, a second-level threshold interval, a third-level threshold interval and a fourth-level threshold interval, and the ranges of the first-level threshold interval, the second-level threshold interval, the third-level threshold interval and the fourth-level threshold interval are sequentially increased;
When e is in the first-level threshold interval, green early warning is sent out;
when e is in the secondary threshold value interval, blue early warning is sent out;
when e is in the three-level threshold interval, an orange early warning is sent out;
And when e is in the four-level threshold interval, a red early warning is sent out.
In some embodiments, after calculating the center of gravity eccentricity e of the swivel part, before obtaining the actual center of gravity of the swivel part, the method comprises the following steps:
providing a load trolley for verifying the center of gravity eccentricity;
According to a preset increment amplitude deltax, obtaining m theoretical increments of e, wherein m is more than or equal to 2, and recording that the ith theoretical increment is e i,ei = ideltax, i = 1,2.
Calculating the distance L i from the load trolley to the center of the beam body when e is increased by e i according to e i by combining the weight G XC of the load trolley and the weight G of the swivel part;
Placing the load trolley on the beam body, wherein the load trolley and the eccentric direction of e are positioned on the same side, and moving the load trolley to a position distant from the center L i of the beam body along the longitudinal center line;
acquiring the load force measured by the force measuring device, and calculating the actual increment delta e i of e;
And acquiring a correction relation according to delta e 1,Δe2......Δem and e 1,e2......em, and correcting e by using the correction relation.
In some embodiments, L i is calculated using the following formula:
In a second aspect, there is provided an apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge, the swivel bridge comprising a lower turntable and a swivel part, the swivel part comprising an upper turntable and a beam rotatable about the lower turntable by the upper turntable; the device comprises:
4n force measuring devices for measuring load force, wherein n is a positive integer; all the force measuring devices are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable and supported between the lower turntable and the upper turntable, all the force measuring devices are surrounded to form a circle with the center O of the lower turntable as the center of a circle and R as the radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices is theta;
and the control device is connected with the force measuring device and is used for acquiring the load force measured by the force measuring device and calculating the gravity center eccentric quantity e of the swivel part by combining R and theta.
In some embodiments, the lower carousel comprises:
-a lower disc having a central upwardly convex portion and formed with a lower turntable;
-a lower spherical hinge provided on the lower turntable;
The upper turntable comprises:
-an upper tray body, the center of which is downwardly convex and formed with an upper turntable;
-an upper spherical hinge provided on the upper turntable; and the upper spherical hinge is matched with the lower spherical hinge, so that the upper turntable can rotate around the lower spherical hinge through the upper spherical hinge.
The technical scheme provided by the application has the beneficial effects that: the method for measuring the center of gravity of the swivel part of the swivel bridge is different from the existing spherical hinge vertical rotation method, the method for safely and reliably determining the center of gravity of the swivel part of the swivel bridge is provided, the data of a force measuring device are automatically collected, the center of gravity is calculated, the real-time monitoring and early warning of the center of gravity in the whole construction process are realized, and the intelligent monitoring of the center of gravity in the construction process and the safe construction of the swivel bridge are ensured; the problems of overturning of the beam body, change of the spatial geometric position of the beam body and the like caused by a vertical rotation method are avoided, the construction safety is improved, and finally the lifting of the construction quality of the swivel bridge and the reduction of the construction safety risk are realized.
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for measuring the center of gravity of a turning part of a turning bridge. Therefore, unlike the existing spherical hinge vertical rotation method, the method for determining the center of gravity of the swivel part of the swivel bridge safely and reliably is provided, the data of the force measuring device are automatically collected and the center of gravity is calculated, so that the real-time monitoring and early warning of the center of gravity in the whole construction process are realized, and the intelligent monitoring of the center of gravity in the construction process and the safe construction of the swivel bridge are ensured; the problems of overturning of the beam body, change of the spatial geometric position of the beam body and the like caused by a vertical rotation method are avoided, the construction safety is improved, and finally the lifting of the construction quality of the swivel bridge and the reduction of the construction safety risk are realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a front view of an apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a force measuring device for a device for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge according to an embodiment of the application;
Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 2.
In the figure: the device comprises a lower rotary table 1, a lower rotary table 10, a lower rotary table 11, a lower spherical hinge 12, an upper rotary table 2, an upper rotary table 20, an upper rotary table 21, an upper spherical hinge 22, a beam 3, a rotary part 4, a control device 5, a force measuring device 6, a load trolley 7 and a support column 8.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Example 1:
the embodiment 1 of the application provides a method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge, which can solve the problem that in the related art, a high load jacking force is required to lift the swivel part until rotation occurs so as to measure the center of gravity of the swivel part.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge according to an embodiment of the application, which includes the following steps:
S1: according to the radius r of the lower turntable 1, the number 4n of force measuring devices 6 required is calculated, and the central angle θ of two adjacent force measuring devices 6 with respect to the center O of the lower turntable 1, n is a positive integer. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in particular: taking O as a center point, a transverse bridge direction is a transverse center line of the lower turntable 1, a longitudinal bridge direction is a longitudinal center line of the lower turntable 1, and the lower turntable 1 is divided into an E area, an S area, a W area and an N area, wherein the E area and the N area are positioned on a large mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line; the S area and the W area are positioned on the small mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line; the force measuring devices 6 are uniformly arranged in the E area, the S area, the W area and the N area, and at least one force measuring device 6 is arranged in each area, so that the number of the required force measuring devices 6 is 4N, and N is the number of the force measuring devices 6 arranged in each area.
The lower turntable 1 comprises a lower turntable body 10 and a lower spherical hinge 12, wherein the center of the lower turntable body 10 is convexly arranged upwards and is provided with a lower turntable 11, and the lower spherical hinge 12 is arranged on the lower turntable 11; the upper turntable 2 comprises an upper turntable body 20 and an upper spherical hinge 22, wherein the center of the upper turntable body 20 is downwards convexly provided with an upper turntable 21, and the upper spherical hinge 22 is arranged on the upper turntable 21; and the upper spherical hinge 22 is matched with the lower spherical hinge 12, so that the upper rotary table 2 can rotate around the lower spherical hinge 12 through the upper spherical hinge 22. The radius r of the lower turntable 1 is the radius of the projection of the lower spherical hinge 12 on the lower turntable body 10 (i.e., the plane radius of the lower spherical hinge 12). N and θ are calculated using the following formula:
the number and θ of force measuring devices 6 of example 1 of the present application are shown in the following table:
when r=2.5m, n=5, θ is 18 degrees, and the total number of force measuring devices 6 is 20.
S2: determining a distance R of the arrangement position of the force measuring device 6 from the center O; referring to fig. 2, in embodiment 1 of the present application, the radius of the upper disc 20 is smaller than that of the lower disc 10, and the radius of the upper disc 20 is larger than that of the lower turntable 11. Therefore, when selecting the arrangement position of the force measuring device 6, it is necessary to ensure that R is larger than the radius of the lower turntable 11 and smaller than the radius of the upper disc 20. In addition, in embodiment 1 of the present application, the positions of the plurality of support columns 8 are reserved when the center of gravity of the rotator portion is measured, so that the plurality of support columns 8 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable 1 and supported between the lower turntable 1 and the upper turntable 2, all the support columns 8 are enclosed to form a circle with the center O of the lower turntable 1 as the center of a circle, R 2 is a radius, R 2 is greater than R, and the radius of the support column 8 is R'. Therefore, the distance R between the position of the force measuring device 6 and the center O also needs to consider the radius R' of the support column 8, where R 1 in embodiment 1 of the present application is the radius of the upper disc 20. When R 1 =6m and R' =0.7m, r=3.6m, the force measuring devices 6 are arranged on a circle with O as a center and a radius of 3.6m, and the included angle between two adjacent force measuring devices 6 is 18 degrees.
S3: all the force measuring devices 6 are uniformly arranged on the lower turntable 1 along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable 1, so that all the force measuring devices 6 are surrounded to form a circle with O as a center and R as a radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices 6 is theta; and all support columns 8 are uniformly arranged on the lower turntable 1, so that all support columns 8 are surrounded to form a circle with the center O of the lower turntable 1 as the center and R 2 as the radius.
S4: the upper turntable 2 and the beam body 3 are sequentially constructed on the lower turntable 1, the construction of the swivel part 4 is completed, and the force measuring device 6 and the support column 8 are supported between the upper turntable 2 and the lower turntable 1.
S5: the load forces measured by all the force measuring devices 6 are acquired by the control device 5, and the center of gravity eccentric amount e of the swivel part 4 including the transverse component e H and the longitudinal component e Z is calculated in combination with R and θ.
Wherein, the calculation formula of e H is as follows:
Wherein, P 6E is the load force measured by the force measuring device 6 in the E area, P 6S is the load force measured by the force measuring device 6 in the S area, P 6W is the load force measured by the force measuring device 6 in the W area, and P 6N is the load force measured by the force measuring device 6 in the N area; Moment sums of the load forces measured for the force measuring devices 6 located in the E and S areas with respect to the longitudinal center line of the lower turntable 1; /(I) Moment sums of the load forces measured for the force measuring devices 6 located in the W region and the N region with respect to the longitudinal center line of the lower turntable 1; /(I)Is a transverse unbalanced moment; e H is a lateral component of the center of gravity eccentricity of the rotor portion 4, and if e H is positive, it means left eccentricity, and if e H is negative, it means right eccentricity; g is the weight of the swivel part 4.
E Z is calculated as follows:
In the method, in the process of the invention, The sum of the moments of the load forces measured for the force measuring devices 6 located in the areas E and N with respect to the transverse centre line of the lower turntable 1; /(I)Moment sums of the load forces measured for the force measuring devices 6 located in the S-region and the W-region with respect to the transverse center line of the lower turntable 1; /(I)Is a longitudinal unbalanced moment; e Z is a longitudinal component of the center of gravity eccentricity of the rotor portion 4, and if e Z is positive, the eccentricity is toward the large mileage side, and if e Z is negative, the eccentricity is toward the small mileage side.
S6: the actual center of gravity of the swivel part 4 is obtained from the center of gravity eccentricity e and the center of the circle O. If e H is-0.01 and e Z is 0, it is known that the center of gravity of the rotator portion 4 is shifted to the right by 0.01m along the lateral center line, and e is 0.01; if e H is 0 and e Z is +0.02, it is known that the center of gravity of the rotor portion 4 is shifted by 0.02m toward the mileage side along the longitudinal centerline, and e is 0.02; when e H is +0.01 and e Z is-0.02, the center of gravity of the rotor portion 4 is shifted to the right by 0.01m along the lateral center line, and further shifted to the small mileage side by 0.02m, and shifted to the W region, and e is 0.022.
The method for measuring the center of gravity of the turning part of the turning bridge provided by the embodiment 1 of the application is different from the existing spherical hinge vertical rotation method, and provides a safe and reliable method for determining the center of gravity of the turning part of the turning bridge, the data of the force measuring device 6 are automatically collected, the real-time monitoring of the center of gravity in the whole construction process is realized, and the intelligent monitoring of the center of gravity in the construction process and the safe construction of the turning bridge are ensured; the problems of overturning of the beam body, change of the spatial geometric position of the beam body and the like caused by a vertical rotation method are avoided, the construction safety is improved, and finally the lifting of the construction quality of the swivel bridge and the reduction of the construction safety risk are realized.
Preferably, embodiment 1 of the present application further comprises the following steps after calculating the center of gravity eccentricity e of the swivel part 4:
s7: the control device 5 compares e with a preset multi-level threshold interval, judges the level of the threshold interval where e is located, and sends out corresponding early warning to remind a worker to take corresponding measures so as to monitor the eccentric degree of the gravity center.
The preset multi-level threshold interval comprises a first-level threshold interval, a second-level threshold interval, a third-level threshold interval and a fourth-level threshold interval, and the ranges of the first-level threshold interval, the second-level threshold interval, the third-level threshold interval and the fourth-level threshold interval are sequentially increased; the first level threshold interval is (0,0.050), the second level threshold interval is [0.050,0.150), the third level threshold interval is [0.150, e 1), and the fourth level threshold interval is [ e 1,e2 ].
Regarding e 1 and e 2:
MZ＝0.64μ0NR
When M G＝MZ, e 1＝MZ/G
Wherein mu 0 is the static friction coefficient of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge; g is the weight of the rotor part and the unit is kN; r is the sphere radius of the upper spherical hinge and the unit is m; m Z is the maximum static friction resistance moment of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge, and the unit is kNm; m G is unbalanced moment of the rotor part, and is a unit kNm; e 1 is the center of gravity eccentricity determined when M Z is equal to M G.
MZ＝0.64μ0NR
MZC＝P2r2
When M G＝MZ+MZC, e 2＝MZ/G
Wherein mu 0 is the static friction coefficient of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge; g is the weight of the rotor part and the unit is kN; r is the sphere radius of the upper spherical hinge and the unit is m; m Z is the maximum static friction resistance moment of the upper spherical hinge and the lower spherical hinge, and the unit is kNm; m ZC is the support moment in kNm provided when the support column has a support force P 2 =2000 kN and the support column to 0 distance is r 2; m G is unbalanced moment of the rotor part, and is a unit kNm; e 2 is the center of gravity eccentricity determined when the sum of M G and M ZC is equal to M G.
When e is in a first-level threshold interval, green early warning is sent out;
When e is in a second-level threshold interval, blue early warning is sent out;
when e is in the three-level threshold interval, an orange early warning is sent out;
And when e is in the four-level threshold interval, sending out red early warning.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, after calculating the eccentric amount e of the center of gravity of the rotor portion 4, before obtaining the actual center of gravity of the rotor portion 4, it is necessary to verify and correct the eccentric amount e of the center of gravity, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
s5-1: providing a load trolley 7 for checking the eccentric amount of the center of gravity, and correcting only the longitudinal component e Z of the eccentric amount of the center of gravity due to the limitation of the weight of the load trolley 7 in the embodiment 1 of the application;
S5-2: according to a preset increment amplitude deltax, obtaining m theoretical increments of e Z, wherein m is more than or equal to 2, and recording the ith theoretical increment as e i,ei =ideltax, i=1, 2.
S5-3: calculating the distance L i from the load trolley 7 to the center of the beam body 3 when e Z is increased by e i according to e i in combination with the weight G XC of the load trolley 7 and the weight G of the swivel part 4; l i is calculated using the following formula:
the preset increment amplitude deltax is 0.005, and the calculation result is as follows:
S5-4: the load trolley 7 is placed on the beam body, and the eccentric directions of the load trolley 7 and the e Z are positioned on the same side, namely, if e Z is positive, the load trolley 7 is placed on the large mileage side, and if e Z is negative, the load trolley 7 is placed on the small mileage side. Distance L i illustrating movement of the load trolley 7: if e H is-0.01 and e Z is +0.02, which means that the longitudinal component of the center of gravity of the swivel part 4 is shifted by 0.02m toward the mileage side along the longitudinal center line, and if e Z is increased by 0.005, the load carriage 7 is moved toward the mileage side along the longitudinal center line to a position 9.250 from the center of the beam body 3; if e H is-0.02 and e Z is-0.03, which means that the longitudinal component of the center of gravity of the swivel part 4 is shifted by 0.03m toward the small mileage side along the longitudinal centerline, and if e Z is increased by 0.010, the load carriage 7 is moved toward the small mileage side along the longitudinal centerline to a position 18.50 from the center of the beam body 3.
S5-5: acquiring the load force measured by the force measuring device 6, and calculating the actual increment delta e i of the e Z;
S5-6: based on Δe 1,Δe2......Δem and e 1,e2......em, a correction relation is obtained, e Z is corrected by the correction relation, e H is corrected by the correction relation, e H is obtained, and e Z and e H are brought into the formula And obtaining corrected e. And finally, according to the corrected gravity center eccentric quantity e and the circle center O, obtaining the actual gravity center of the rotating body part 4.
In the embodiment 1 of the application, after the center of gravity eccentric amount e is preliminarily determined, the center of gravity of the rotating body part 4 is accurately obtained by correcting the center of gravity eccentric amount e through a simple, quick and repeatable correction means.
Example 2:
Referring to fig. 2 to 3, embodiment 2 of the present application provides an apparatus for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge, the swivel bridge including a lower turntable 1 and a swivel part 4, the swivel part 4 including an upper turntable 2 and a beam 3, the beam 3 being rotatable around the lower turntable 1 by the upper turntable 2; the device comprises: 4n force measuring devices 6 and a control device 5 for measuring load force, wherein n is a positive integer; all the force measuring devices 6 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable 1 and are supported between the lower turntable 1 and the upper turntable 2, and all the force measuring devices 6 are arranged in a surrounding manner to form a circle with the center O of the lower turntable 1 as the center of a circle and the radius R as the radius R, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices 6 is theta; the control device 5 is connected with the force measuring device 6 and is used for acquiring the load force measured by the force measuring device 6 and calculating the gravity center eccentric amount e of the swivel part 4 by combining R and theta. Specific: taking O as a center point, a transverse bridge direction is a transverse center line of the lower turntable 1, a longitudinal bridge direction is a longitudinal center line of the lower turntable 1, and the lower turntable 1 is divided into an E area, an S area, a W area and an N area, wherein the E area and the N area are positioned on a large mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line; the S area and the W area are positioned on the small mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line; the force measuring devices 6 are uniformly arranged in the E area, the S area, the W area and the N area, and at least one force measuring device 6 is arranged in each area, so that the number of the required force measuring devices 6 is 4N, and N is the number of the force measuring devices 6 arranged in each area.
According to the embodiment 2 of the application, 4n force measuring devices 6 are uniformly arranged between the upper turntable 2 and the lower turntable 1 by utilizing the characteristics of the swivel bridge structure, and the center of gravity eccentricity e of the swivel part 4 can be calculated by only arranging the force measuring devices 6, acquiring arrangement parameters R and theta of the force measuring devices 6 and combining the load force measured by the force measuring devices 6. The device solves the problem that in the related art, the lifting force with large load is needed to lift the rotating body part to rotate so as to measure the gravity center of the rotating body part. The measuring process is simple and efficient, the gravity center eccentric quantity e of the swivel part 4 can be measured in real time, the gravity center eccentric quantity e can be obtained in the process of constructing the swivel part 4, the safety and balance control of the construction process are facilitated, and the measuring accuracy and timeliness and the construction safety and controllability are guaranteed.
Preferably, the lower rotary table 1 comprises a lower disc body 10 and a lower spherical hinge 12, wherein the center of the lower disc body 10 is upwards convexly provided with a lower rotary table 11, and the lower spherical hinge 12 is arranged on the lower rotary table 11; the upper turntable 2 comprises an upper turntable body 20 and an upper spherical hinge 22, wherein the center of the upper turntable body 20 is downwards convexly provided with an upper turntable 21, and the upper spherical hinge 22 is arranged on the upper turntable 21; and the upper spherical hinge 22 is matched with the lower spherical hinge 12, so that the upper rotary table 2 can rotate around the lower spherical hinge 12 through the upper spherical hinge 22. Wherein, the calculation for R and θ is as follows:
According to the radius r of the lower turntable 1, the number 4n of force measuring devices 6 required is calculated, and the central angle θ of two adjacent force measuring devices 6 with respect to the center O of the lower turntable 1, n is a positive integer. The radius r of the lower turntable 1 is the radius of the projection of the lower spherical hinge 12 on the lower turntable body 10 (i.e., the plane radius of the lower spherical hinge 12). N and θ are calculated using the following formula:
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Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the lower spherical hinge 12 is a spherical structure formed by downwardly recessing the lower turntable 11, and the upper spherical hinge 22 is a spherical structure formed by downwardly protruding the upper turntable 21. In the process of turning the bridge, the lower spherical hinge 12 is sleeved outside the upper spherical hinge 22, and the upper spherical hinge 22 rotates in the lower spherical hinge 12.
Alternatively, the lower spherical hinge 12 is a spherical structure formed by upwardly protruding the lower turntable 11, and the upper spherical hinge 22 is a spherical structure formed by upwardly recessing the upper turntable 21. In the process of turning the bridge, the upper spherical hinge 22 is sleeved outside the lower spherical hinge 12, and the upper spherical hinge 22 rotates outside the lower spherical hinge 12.
Further, the diameter of the upper tray 20 is smaller than the diameter of the lower tray 10. The lower tray 10 is a base, and thus, the diameter of the lower tray 10 needs to be designed to be larger in order to ensure stability and better support.
Further, the diameter of the upper disc 20 is larger than that of the lower turntable 11, so that the force measuring device 6 is conveniently arranged between the upper disc 20 and the upper disc 20.
Optionally, the device further includes a plurality of support columns 8, and a plurality of support columns 8 are used for evenly setting up along the circumferencial direction of lower carousel 1 to support between lower carousel 1 and upper carousel 2, and all support columns 8 enclose to establish and form the center O of lower carousel 1 as the centre of a circle, with R 2 as the circular of radius. Because the weight of the swivel part 4 is large, the load capacity of the force measuring device 6 is limited, and exceeding the load capacity can affect the measurement result, so the support column 8 is arranged to share the load of the swivel part 4, and the force measuring device is prevented from being damaged.
Preferably, R 2 is greater than R, facilitating later removal of the support column 8. And the radius of the support column 8 is R ', the distance R between the arrangement position of the force measuring device 6 and the center O also needs to consider the radius R ' of the support column 8, r=r 1 -2R ' -1 in embodiment 2 of the present application, where R 1 is the radius of the upper disc 20. When R 1 =6m, R' =0.7m, r=3.6m.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
It should be noted that in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of embodiments of the present application to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge, characterized in that,
The method uses a device to make the measurement,
The swivel bridge comprises a lower turntable (1) and a swivel part (4), wherein the swivel part (4) comprises an upper turntable (2) and a beam body (3), and the beam body (3) can rotate around the lower turntable (1) through the upper turntable (2);
4n force measuring devices (6) for measuring the load force, wherein n is a positive integer; all the force measuring devices (6) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable (1) and are supported between the lower turntable (1) and the upper turntable (2), all the force measuring devices (6) are arranged around a circle which takes the center O of the lower turntable (1) as the center of a circle and R as the radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices (6) is theta;
A control device (5) which is connected with the force measuring device (6) and is used for acquiring the load force measured by the force measuring device (6) and calculating the gravity center eccentric value e of the swivel part (4) by combining R and theta;
the lower turntable (1) comprises:
a lower disc body (10) with a lower turntable (11) formed by protruding upwards from the center;
a lower spherical hinge (12) provided on the lower turntable (11);
the upper turntable (2) comprises:
an upper tray body (20) with an upper turntable (21) formed with its center protruding downward;
An upper ball joint (22) provided on the upper turntable (21); the upper spherical hinge (22) is matched with the lower spherical hinge (12) so that the upper rotary table (2) can rotate around the lower spherical hinge (12) through the upper spherical hinge (22);
which comprises the following steps:
according to the radius r of the lower rotary table (1), wherein the radius r is the radius of projection of the lower spherical hinge (12) on the lower rotary table body (10), the number 4n of the required force measuring devices (6) is calculated, and the central angles theta of the two adjacent force measuring devices (6) relative to the center O of the lower rotary table (1) are positive integers;
determining a distance R of the arrangement position of the force measuring device (6) from a center O;
All force measuring devices (6) are uniformly arranged on the lower turntable (1) along the circumferential direction of the lower turntable (1), so that all force measuring devices (6) are surrounded to form a circle with O as a center and R as a radius, and the central angle between two adjacent force measuring devices (6) is theta;
An upper rotary table (2) and a beam body (3) are sequentially constructed on the lower rotary table (1), construction of a rotating body part (4) is completed, and the force measuring device (6) is supported between the upper rotary table (2) and the lower rotary table (1);
Acquiring the load force measured by all force measuring devices (6), and calculating the gravity center eccentric quantity e of the swivel part (4) by combining R and theta;
According to the eccentric mass e of the center of gravity and the circle center O, the actual center of gravity of the rotating body part (4) is obtained;
The method comprises the steps that O is taken as a center point, a transverse bridge direction is taken as a transverse center line of a lower turntable (1), a longitudinal bridge direction is taken as a longitudinal center line of the lower turntable (1), the lower turntable (1) is divided into an E area, an S area, a W area and an N area, wherein the E area and the N area are positioned on the large mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line; the S area and the W area are positioned on the small mileage side of the longitudinal center line and are respectively positioned on the right side and the left side of the transverse center line;
Calculating e by adopting the following algorithm:
Wherein e H is a lateral component of the center of gravity eccentricity of the rotor portion (4), and e Z is a longitudinal component of the center of gravity eccentricity of the rotor portion (4);
e H is calculated as follows:
wherein P 6E is the load force measured by the force measuring device (6) located in the E area, P 6S is the load force measured by the force measuring device (6) located in the S area, P 6W is the load force measured by the force measuring device (6) located in the W area, and P 6N is the load force measured by the force measuring device (6) located in the N area; Moment sums of the load forces measured for the force measuring devices (6) located in the E-zone and S-zone relative to the longitudinal centre line of the lower turntable (1); /(I) Moment sums of load forces measured for force measuring devices (6) located in the W-region and the N-region relative to the longitudinal centre line of the lower turntable (1); /(I)Is a transverse unbalanced moment; e H is a transverse component of the center of gravity eccentricity of the swivel part (4), "+" indicates left eccentricity, and "-" indicates right eccentricity; g is the weight of the swivel part (4);
e Z is calculated as follows:
In the method, in the process of the invention, Moment sums of the load forces measured for the force measuring devices (6) located in the E and N regions relative to the transverse center line of the lower turntable (1); m G X is the moment sum of the load force measured by the force measuring device (6) in the S area and the W area relative to the transverse center line of the lower turntable (1); /(I)Is a longitudinal unbalanced moment; e Z is a longitudinal component of the center of gravity eccentricity of the rotor portion (4), "+" indicates eccentricity to the large mileage side, and "-" indicates eccentricity to the small mileage side.
2. The method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge of claim 1, wherein n and θ are calculated using the following formula:
3. Method for measuring the centre of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that after calculating the centre of gravity eccentricity e of the swivel part (4) it further comprises the steps of:
and (3) comparing the e with a preset multi-level threshold interval, judging the level of the threshold interval where the e is located, and sending out corresponding early warning.
4. The method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge of claim 3, wherein the preset multi-level threshold interval includes a first level threshold interval, a second level threshold interval, a third level threshold interval, and a fourth level threshold interval, the ranges of the first level threshold interval, the second level threshold interval, the third level threshold interval, and the fourth level threshold interval being sequentially increased;
When e is in the first-level threshold interval, green early warning is sent out;
when e is in the secondary threshold value interval, blue early warning is sent out;
when e is in the three-level threshold interval, an orange early warning is sent out;
And when e is in the four-level threshold interval, a red early warning is sent out.
5. Method for measuring the centre of gravity of a swivel part of a swivel bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that after calculating the centre of gravity eccentricity e of the swivel part (4) before obtaining the actual centre of gravity of the swivel part (4), it comprises the steps of:
Providing a load trolley (7) for verifying the center of gravity eccentricity;
According to a preset increment amplitude deltax, obtaining m theoretical increments of e, wherein m is more than or equal to 2, and recording that the ith theoretical increment is e i,ei = ideltax, i = 1,2.
Calculating the distance L i of the load trolley (7) to the center of the beam body (3) when e increases e i according to e i by combining the weight G XC of the load trolley (7) and the weight G of the swivel part (4);
Placing the load trolley (7) on the beam body, wherein the load trolley (7) and the eccentric direction of e are positioned on the same side, and moving the load trolley (7) to a position distant from the center L i of the beam body (3) along the longitudinal center line;
Acquiring the load force measured by the force measuring device (6), and calculating the actual increment delta e i of e;
Based on deltae 1,Δe2......Δem, and e 1,e2.....em, a correction relationship is obtained,
And correcting the e by using the correction relation.
6. The method for measuring the center of gravity of a swivel portion of a swivel bridge of claim 5, wherein L i is calculated using the formula:
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