CN111114300A

CN111114300A - Construction machine

Info

Publication number: CN111114300A
Application number: CN202010001509.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘波; 徐自华; 刘侃
Original assignee: Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-02
Filing date: 2020-01-02
Publication date: 2020-05-08

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering, and discloses engineering machinery, which comprises a main engine (10), a transfer case (20), a motor (30), a running system (40) connected with the main engine and an operating system (50), wherein the transfer case comprises a power input end (21) connected with the main engine, a power output end (22) and a transfer output end (23) connected with the motor, the motor is connected with the operating system to drive the operating system, and the transfer case has a running state and an operating state, wherein: in a running state, the power input end is disconnected with the transfer output end in a transmission connection; in the operation state, the power input end and the power output end are disconnected in transmission connection, and the power input end is in transmission connection with the transfer output end. The engineering machine can drive the running system through the main engine and drive the operating system through the motor, so that the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Construction machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering, in particular to engineering machinery.

Background

A construction machine such as a mixer truck, a concrete pump truck, or the like is an indispensable device in construction work, and generally has a work system for operating a work mechanism thereof such as a mixer drum or the like and a travel system for traveling. In the conventional construction machine, an engine is generally used for providing driving force for a working system and a running system, for example, when the working system is working, the engine needs to be started to provide driving force for the working system even if the running system is in a stop state. The engine cannot work at the optimum working condition at this time, resulting in low efficiency and increased cost due to high oil consumption.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the problems of efficiency and cost in the prior art and provide a construction machine which has higher working efficiency and reduced cost.

A work machine, wherein said work machine comprises a main engine, a transfer case, an electric motor, a travel system and a work system, said transfer case comprising a power input, a power output and a transfer output, said power input and said travel system being connected respectively to said main engine, said transfer output being connected to said electric motor, said electric motor being connected to said work system so as to be able to drive said work system, said transfer case having a travel state and a work state, wherein:

in the running state, the power input end is in transmission connection with the transfer output end;

in the operating state, the power input end is in transmission connection with the power output end, and the power input end is in transmission connection with the transfer output end.

Preferably, the transfer case includes a shift fork for switching the running state and the working state.

Preferably, the working machine comprises an energy storage device, by means of which the electric machine can be driven.

Preferably, in said operating condition, said power input is drivingly connectable to said transfer output, and said electric machine is selectively switchable between a first condition in which it drives said operating system and a second condition in which it acts as a generator and stores generated electrical energy in said energy storage device.

Preferably, at least one of the electric machine and the energy storage means comprises an AC/DC converter, the electric machine being connected to the energy storage means via the AC/DC converter.

Preferably, the work machine includes a control device for controlling operation of at least one of the energy storage device, the transfer case, the travel system, the main engine, and the electric machine.

Preferably, the working machine comprises detection means for detecting operating parameters of the travelling system and/or the energy storage means, and the control means is arranged to control the operation of at least one of the energy storage means 60, the transfer case, the travelling system, the main engine, the electric machine in dependence on feedback from the detection means.

Preferably, the control device is configured to be capable of performing at least any one of the following controls:

driving the traveling system by the main engine;

driving the operating system by the motor;

driving the work system by the main engine;

the main engine drives the motor to generate electricity and stores the electric energy in the energy storage device.

Preferably, the engineering machine comprises an interface for connecting with an external power supply, and the interface comprises a charging port for charging the energy storage device and/or a power supply port connected with the motor to drive the motor to work through the external power supply.

Preferably, the work system comprises at least two work units capable of being operated separately.

Through the technical scheme, the engineering machine can have multiple working modes, wherein the driving system is driven by the main engine, and the working system is driven by the motor, so that the main engine and the motor can work in an economic and efficient interval respectively, and the working efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a relationship of respective main parts of an embodiment of a construction machine according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction of the transfer case of fig. 1.

Description of the reference numerals

10-main engine, 20-transfer case, 21-power input end, 22-power output end, 23-transfer output end, 24-shifting fork, 25-second transmission shaft, 30-motor, 40-running system, 41-gear box, 42-first transmission shaft, 43-running device, 50-operation system, 60-energy storage device, 61-AC/DC converter, 62-interface and 70-external power supply.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

In the present invention, the use of directional terms such as "upper, lower, left, right" generally means upper, lower, left, right as viewed with reference to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified; "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the components themselves. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

The invention provides a construction machine, which is characterized in that the construction machine comprises a main engine 10, a transfer case 20, a motor 30, a running system 40 and a working system 50, wherein the transfer case 20 comprises a power input end 21, a power output end 22 and a transfer output end 23, the power input end 21 and the running system 40 are respectively connected with the main engine 10, the transfer output end 23 is connected with the motor 30, the motor 30 is connected with the working system 50 so as to be capable of driving the working system 50, the transfer case 20 has a running state and a working state, wherein:

in the driving state, the power input 21 is in drive-off connection with the transfer output 23;

in the operating state, the power input 21 and the power output 22 are in a drive-off connection, and the power input 21 and the transfer output 23 are in a drive-off connection.

Through different states of the transfer case, the engineering machine can have a plurality of working modes, wherein the running system 40 is driven by the main engine 10, and the working system 50 is driven by the motor 30, so that the main engine 10 and the motor 30 can work in an economic and efficient region respectively, and the working efficiency is improved.

Specifically, when the running system 40 is required to run, the transfer case 20 can be in a running state, that is, power is not transmitted to the transfer output end 23 through the main engine 10, and the main engine 10 drives the running system, so that the main engine 10 drives and runs. When it is necessary to perform a parking operation, the main engine 10 may be turned off to improve the operation efficiency by supplying power to the motor 30 to drive the operation system 50 by the motor 30 in an economically efficient section thereof for the operation.

The traveling system 40 and the transfer case 20 may be connected to two power take-offs of the main engine 10, respectively, so as to be driven by the main engine 10, respectively.

In addition, the work machine of the present invention may have other modes of operation, as will be described in more detail below.

The traveling system 40 may include a transmission case 41, a first transmission shaft 42, and a traveling device 43, and the transmission case 41 is connected to a shaft of the main engine 10 and is connected to the traveling device 43 through the first transmission shaft 42.

In the present invention, the transfer case 20 can switch the running state and the operating state in an appropriate manner. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the transfer case 20 includes a shift fork 24 for switching the running state and the operating state.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, when it is necessary to switch to the running state, the shift fork 24 moves rightward, the power input terminal 21 is connected to the power output terminal 22 via the shift fork 25, so that the power of the main engine 10 drives the running system 40, and at this time, the power input terminal 21 is drivingly disconnected from the transfer output terminal 23. When the operation state needs to be switched, the shifting fork 24 moves leftwards, the power input end 21 is connected with the transmission gear set in the transfer case 20 through the shifting fork 24 and then is in transmission connection with the transfer output end 23, and at the moment, the power input end 21 is disconnected from the power output end 22 in transmission connection. It can be understood that because the transfer case is connected with the main engine and the motor, when the main engine drives the motor through the transfer case, the transmission gear set in the transfer case has the function of reducing or increasing the output rotating speed of the engine, so as to better adapt to the requirement of an operating system.

In addition, for supplying power to the motor 30, an external power supply can be connected, and an additional mobile power supply can be arranged. Preferably, the working machine comprises an energy storage means 60, and the electric motor 30 is drivable by means of the energy storage means 60.

Furthermore, to achieve further operating modes, in the operating state the power input 21 can be drivingly connected to the transfer output 23. Thus, in the operating state, although the main engine 10 is disconnected from the drive train 40, the power of the main engine 10 can be output via the transfer output 23. That is, electric machine 30, and thus work system 50, may be driven by main engine 10. Wherein the electric machine 30 can be connected to the transfer output 23 via a second transmission shaft 25.

Preferably, the electric machine 30 is selectively switchable between a first state driving the work system 50 and a second state functioning as a generator and storing generated electric energy in the energy storage device 60. Wherein, when the operation system 50 is driven by the motor 30, the motor 30 is in a first state; when the energy storage device 60 is low in electricity, the main engine 10 can drive the electric machine 30 to generate electricity in the second state and store the electric energy in the energy storage device 60. In addition, when the main engine 10 drives the motor 30 to drive the operation system 50, the motor 30 is in the second state, and whether to charge the energy storage device 60 is determined according to the operation state of the operation system 50. Specifically, when the main engine 10 drives the working system 50 and outputs a large amount of power to supply a small amount of power required by the working system 50 due to the working state (for example, a standby state of the truck-mounted concrete pump truck), the surplus energy may be generated by the motor 30 and stored in the energy storage device 60. When the main engine 10 drives the working system 50 and the power required by the working system 50 is relatively low (for example, in a pumping state of the truck-mounted concrete pump truck), substantially all of the power of the main engine 10 is used for driving the motor 30 and then driving the working system 50, and although the motor 30 is in the second state, the energy storage device 60 is not substantially charged.

For the convenience of conversion and storage of electric energy, corresponding converters may be provided on the energy storage device 60 and the motor 30. Specifically, at least one of the motor 30 and the energy storage device 60 includes an AC/DC converter 61, and the motor 30 is connected to the energy storage device 60 through the AC/DC converter 61. It should be noted that the AC/DC converter described herein can realize bidirectional conversion between AC power and DC power. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the energy storage device 60 is provided with an AC/DC converter 61.

Furthermore, to facilitate operation by electric energy, the work machine may comprise an interface 62 for connection to an external power source, the interface 62 comprising a charging port for charging the energy storage means 60 and/or a power supply port connected to the electric motor 30 for operation by the external power source for driving the electric motor 30. Therefore, when the construction machine is in a state of convenient power connection (with the external power supply 70), the energy storage device 60 can be charged from the external power supply through the charging port, and the external power supply 70 can directly supply power to the motor 30 through the power supply port to drive the operation system.

In addition, the control device may be configured to carry out a corresponding control as a function of the state of the drive system 40 and/or the energy storage device 60, for which purpose the work machine comprises a detection device for detecting an operating parameter of the drive system 40 and/or the energy storage device 60, and the control device is configured to carry out a corresponding control

Devices are provided to control the operation of at least one of the energy storage device 60, the transfer case 20, the travel system 40, the main engine 10, the electric motor 30, according to the feedback from the detection device.

The control device may include specific components according to specific components to be controlled, and may include, for example, a motor controller (controlling the motor 30), an energy management controller (controlling the energy storage device 60), a transmission controller, a brake controller (controlling the brake of the traveling system 40), and the like.

The detection device may be of various suitable types, for example, the output rotation speed and torque of the transmission 41 of the running system 40, the wheel rotation speed of the running gear 43 of the running system 40, the electric quantity of the energy storage device 60, the state parameter of the brake pedal, and the like, according to the detected operating parameter. According to the working parameters, the control device can perform corresponding control. For example, when the wheel speed of the traveling device fed back by the detection device is 0, the control device determines that the vehicle is in a stopped state, and when the electric quantity of the energy storage device 60 is sufficient and the operation is performed by the operation system 50, the control device may control the energy storage device 60 to supply power to the motor 30 so as to drive the operation system 50 to operate by the motor 30.

in the first mode: driving the running system 40 by the main engine 10;

in the second mode: driving the work system 50 by the motor 30;

in the third mode: driving the work system 50 by the main engine 10;

a fourth mode: the electric machine 30 is driven by the main engine 10 to generate electricity and store electric energy in the energy storage device 60.

The application of the various modes described above is described in detail below with reference to the embodiment of fig. 1.

In the first mode: in this mode, the running system 40 is driven by the main engine 10, and at this time, the transfer case 20 is in a running state, and specific energy transmission paths are as follows: main engine 10 → traveling system 40.

In the second mode: in this mode, the operation system 50 is driven by the motor 30, and at this time, the transfer case 20 is in a driving state, and specific energy transmission paths are as follows: motor 30 → work system 50. In this mode, the motor 30 may be powered by the energy storage device 60 or the external power source 70.

In the third mode: in this mode, the work system 50 is driven by the main engine 10, and the transfer case 20 is in a working state, and the specific energy transmission paths are as follows: main engine 10 → power input end 21 → transfer output end 23 → electric motor 30 → operation system 50.

A fourth mode: in this mode, the main engine 10 drives the electric machine 30 to serve as a generator to generate electricity and store the generated electric energy in the energy storage device 60, and at this time, the transfer case 20 is in an operating state, and the specific energy transmission path is as follows: main engine 10 → power input end 21 → transfer output end 23 → electric machine 30 → energy storage device 60.

Of course, the above modes may be used in combination without interfering with each other. For example, the electric machine 30 is driven to charge the energy storage device 60 while the work system 50 is driven by the main engine 10. Additionally, in a parked condition and where greater power of primary engine 10 is required (e.g., to drive work system 50), transmission 41 may be shifted into neutral to use most of the power of primary engine 10 to drive work system 50. Of course, the energy storage device 60 can also be charged by the transfer case 20 with the electric machine 30 while the main engine 10 drives the driving system 40.

In addition, to provide more operating modes, the operating system 50 may include at least two operating units that can be operated separately to select different operating units to operate in different operating modes. For example, taking the engineering machine as a vehicle-mounted concrete pump truck as an example, the operation system 50 includes a main oil pump for pumping concrete, a constant pressure pump for driving a tilt cylinder, and a gear pump for driving a stirring device, and in the pumping operation of pumping materials, the main oil pump, the constant pressure pump, and the gear pump are all in a working state; in the waiting operation of waiting for the material, the material conveying pump stops working, but in order to keep concrete in the hopper from segregating, the constant pressure pump and the gear pump are still in working states.

In the material waiting operation, the driving of the main engine 10 or the driving of the motor 30 can be selected, and when the main engine 10 is used for driving, surplus energy can be recovered through the motor 30.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention. The invention includes the combination of the individual features in any suitable manner. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. Such simple modifications and combinations should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure as well.

Claims

1. A working machine, characterized in that it comprises a main engine (10), a transfer case (20), an electric motor (30), a travel system (40) and a working system (50), said transfer case (20) comprising a power input (21), a power output (22) and a transfer output (23), said power input (21) and said travel system (40) being connected to said main engine (10) respectively, said transfer output (23) being connected to said electric motor (30), said electric motor (30) being connected to said working system (50) so as to be able to drive said working system (50), said transfer case (20) having a travel state and a working state, wherein:

in the driving state, the power input (21) is in a transmission-disconnected connection with the transfer output (23);

in the operating state, the power input end (21) and the power output end (22) are disconnected in a transmission mode, and the power input end (21) and the transfer output end (23) are connected in a transmission mode.

2. The working machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer case (20) comprises a shift fork (24) for switching the driving state and the working state.

3. A working machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the working machine comprises an energy storage means (60), the electric machine (30) being drivable by means of the energy storage means (60).

4. A working machine according to claim 3, characterized in that in the working state the power input (21) is drivingly connectable with the transfer output (23), the electric machine (30) being selectively switchable between a first state driving the working system (50) and a second state functioning as a generator and storing generated electric energy in the energy storage device (60).

5. A working machine according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one of the electric machine (30) and the energy storage means (60) comprises an AC/DC converter (61), the electric machine (30) being connected to the energy storage means (60) via the AC/DC converter (61).

6. A working machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the working machine comprises control means for controlling the operation of at least one of the energy storage device (60), the transfer case (20), the travelling system (40), the main engine (10), the electric machine (30).

7. A working machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the working machine comprises detection means for detecting operating parameters of the travelling system (40) and/or the energy storage means (60), and that the control device is arranged to control the operation of at least one of the energy storage means (60), the transfer case (20), the travelling system (40), the main engine (10), the electric machine (30) in dependence on feedback from the detection means.

8. A working machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the control device is arranged to be able to control at least any of:

-driving the running system (40) by means of the main engine (10);

-driving the work system (50) by means of the electric motor (30);

-driving the work system (50) by the main engine (10);

the main engine (10) drives the motor (30) to generate electricity and store the electric energy in the energy storage device (60).

9. A working machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the working machine comprises an interface (62) for connection to an external power source, which interface (62) comprises a charging port for charging the energy storage means (60) and/or a power supply port connected to the electric machine (30) for operation of driving the electric machine (30) by an external power source (70).

10. A working machine according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the working system (50) comprises at least two working units that are separately operable.