CN111068234A - 一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法及灭火贴 - Google Patents

一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法及灭火贴 Download PDF

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CN111068234A
CN111068234A CN201911366219.2A CN201911366219A CN111068234A CN 111068234 A CN111068234 A CN 111068234A CN 201911366219 A CN201911366219 A CN 201911366219A CN 111068234 A CN111068234 A CN 111068234A
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邓超
张旭娇
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Yulu Technology (shenzhen) Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法及灭火贴，新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器由纳米灭火胶囊材料制备而成，其包含有灭火贴和灭火涂料，具体包括以下步骤：(1)制备配方组分：按照重量份数，阻燃剂15份、催化剂3份、气体灭火剂20份、有机硅油2份、纳米级白炭黑10份、硅树脂15份；(2)将所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂混合均匀；(3)依次加入有机硅油和纳米级白炭黑混合均匀；(4)充分搅拌形成纳米灭火胶囊材料；(5)将纳米灭火胶囊材料与6份硅树脂混合均匀，形成灭火贴；(6)将纳米灭火胶囊材料与9份硅树脂混合均匀，形成灭火涂料。本发明的灭火效果佳，适用于扑救各种易燃、可燃液体火灾和电气设备火灾。

Description

一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法及灭火贴
技术领域
本发明涉及微纳米胶囊灭火剂，具体涉及一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法及灭火贴。
背景技术
火灾时刻威胁着国家和人们的生命财产安全，火灾又经常因为现场可燃物的不同，由单一起因演变成一场火情复杂的多因素火灾。
灭火剂是指能够有效的在燃烧区破坏燃烧条件，达到抵制燃烧或中止燃烧的物质。灭火剂种类较多如，水系灭火剂、气体灭火剂、泡沫灭火剂、干粉灭火剂等。
干粉灭火剂虽然造价低、生产工艺简单，但灭火过程中粉尘污染严重对人体和一些物资有一定的损害，和气体灭火剂一样也没有降温和抗复燃的作用而且灭火时使用量比较大。
泡沫灭火剂主要用于扑灭非水溶性液体火灾，主要是消防部队在使用。
水系灭火剂虽然灭火效能较高、灭火速度快、不易复燃，但是也存在对于无法用于电气火灾的扑救。
所以研发一款储存方便、使用简单、安全、灭火效能高的专灭电器火灾灭火剂具有重要的意义。
针对以上问题，本发明提供了一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法及灭火贴，从而解决了现有各类灭火剂在使用中遇到电气类火灾污染或损毁的难题。
发明内容
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法，所述新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器由纳米灭火胶囊材料制备而成，其包含有灭火贴和灭火涂料，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)制备配方组分：按照重量份数，阻燃剂15份、催化剂3份、气体灭火剂20份、有机硅油2份、纳米级白炭黑10份、硅树脂15份；
(2)将所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂在20℃以下、4Mpa的压力下混合均匀；
(3)在20℃以下、4Mpa的压力下依次加入有机硅油和纳米级白炭黑混合均匀；
(4)将所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂、有机硅油、纳米级白炭黑充分搅拌形成纳米灭火胶囊材料；
(5)将纳米灭火胶囊材料与6份硅树脂在室温条件下混合均匀，形成灭火贴；
(6)将纳米灭火胶囊材料与9份硅树脂在室温条件下混合均匀，形成灭火涂料。
上述方案中，所述阻燃剂是无卤阻燃添加剂。
上述方案中，所述气体灭火剂是二氟二溴甲烷、二氟一氯一溴甲烷、三氟一溴甲烷、四氟二溴乙烷、三氟丙烷中的一种或几种。
上述方案中，所述有机硅油是疏水型有机硅油。
上述方案中，所述纳米级白炭黑为气相白炭黑。
上述方案中，所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂、有机硅油、纳米级白炭黑采用一高精度纳米研磨设备混合均匀。
上述方案中，所述纳米灭火胶囊材料是15nm的微胶囊结构粉末材料。
一种灭火贴，由纳米灭火胶囊材料与硅树脂混合均匀制成，所述纳米灭火胶囊材料按照重量份数由如下原料组成：阻燃剂15份、催化剂3份、气体灭火剂20份、有机硅油2份、纳米级白炭黑10份，所述硅树脂为6 份。
其中，所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂、有机硅油、纳米级白炭黑在20℃以下、4Mpa的压力下通过高精度纳米研磨设备混合。
其中，所述纳米灭火胶囊材料与硅树脂的混合在室温条件下完成。
相对于现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明可以用于纳米自动灭火胶片、灌装灭火器、自动灭火装置、灭火涂料、自动灭火***中等使用，适用场所主要包括：
一、电子、通讯场所，如广播电视发射塔内的微波机房、分米波机房、变配电室。电信的程控交换机房、信令转接点室。若采用二氧化碳灭火，当喷射二氧化碳时，使得周围环境温度大大降低，空气中的水分冷凝，成为极浓的水雾，对昂贵的电子设备造成的严重的污损，水中溶解了二氧化碳及碳酸，对计算机机房、通信机房内的集成蕊片、电路有较大影响，并会使电器设备表面产生静电积累。本发明具有对保护物无腐蚀，对于贵重的、精密的仪器起到一定的保护作用。并且本发明在常温下不分解、不吸湿、不结块。便于长时间存放，且灭火后无残留，此外本发明还具有良好的流动性、弥散性和电绝缘性，当发生火灾时，本发明不会造成电器设备的短路，以及消防人员触电事故的发生。
二、可在文化遗产、金融数据等不可再生资源场所，如国家、省级的图书馆、档案馆中的珍藏库、博物馆中的珍品库房；一级纸绢质文物的陈列室；金融部门的档案室、票据室、重要的资料室及新闻中心；大型医疗场所的昂贵设施间等。细水雾在灭火的同时也对保护物造成了不可挽回的的损失。文物遗产是一种单一的、不可再生的资源因此在选择应用本发明为灭火***中灭火主材时，能够做到灭火效果好、灭火速度快、不对文物遗产有腐蚀和破坏，有利于文物的长期安全保存。
本发明是一种完全区别于普通干粉、泡沫、气体灭火剂的新型产品，经国家有关部门检测及大量的实验证明，该灭火剂对文物遗产无腐蚀、无破坏、无复燃等作用。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下采用实施例对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
为了说明本发明所述的技术方案，下面通过具体实施例来进行说明。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法，所述新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器由纳米灭火胶囊材料制备而成，其包含有灭火贴和灭火涂料，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)制备配方组分：按照重量份数，阻燃剂15份、催化剂3份、气体灭火剂20份、有机硅油2份、纳米级白炭黑10份、硅树脂15份；
(2)将所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂在20℃以下、4Mpa的压力下混合均匀；
(3)在20℃以下、4Mpa的压力下依次加入有机硅油和纳米级白炭黑混合均匀；
(4)将所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂、有机硅油、纳米级白炭黑充分搅拌形成纳米灭火胶囊材料；
(5)将纳米灭火胶囊材料与6份硅树脂在室温条件下混合均匀，形成灭火贴；
(6)将纳米灭火胶囊材料与9份硅树脂在室温条件下混合均匀，形成灭火涂料。
其中，所述阻燃剂是无卤阻燃添加剂。如氧化镁等。无卤阻燃剂 JLH-W666是一种高性能磷氮类有机阻燃剂，是一种三嗪三酮化合物和三嗪三胺类化合物，经过了特殊的表面处理，所以在塑料材料中容易分散，不析出，具有良好的阻燃效果。W666分解温度大约在450℃，最大粒径(D50％) 为20/um，外观为白色粉末，是一种不影响产品颜色的耐高温的高性能无卤阻燃剂推荐应用于聚酰胺(尼龙)广泛应用于环氧树脂，聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯、聚酯(PET、PBT)、聚烯烃以及无卤电线电缆中建议添加15％-30％的无卤阻燃剂W666，就可以94UL达到V0-V2标准。
所述气体灭火剂是二氟二溴甲烷、二氟一氯一溴甲烷、三氟一溴甲烷、四氟二溴乙烷、三氟丙烷中的一种或几种。以上气体灭火剂在于灭火过程中均无残留物产生，对火灾现场的电子电器元件不会产生任何物理和化学上的损坏。
阻燃剂、灭火剂通过纳米薄膜封装后，形态和化学物质稳定，在零下 30℃至70℃环境耐受，理论寿命可达15年以上。不需要维护和测试，不使用辅助物储存，直接作用与空间内，自动灭火的温度可根据配方进行调整，适应不同小空间危险源的动作温度，并可保持日常状态的稳定性。
所述有机硅油是疏水型有机硅油。疏水型有机硅油可以使微胶囊之间具有更好的流动性，防止结块。
所述纳米级白炭黑为气相白炭黑。白炭黑可以填补微胶囊之间的空隙减少微胶囊之间的摩擦，防止微胶囊破裂。
所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂、有机硅油、纳米级白炭黑采用一高精度纳米研磨设备混合均匀，所形成的纳米灭火胶囊材料为15nm的微胶囊结构粉末材料。
所述硅树脂主要包括甲基苯基硅树脂、甲基硅树脂、低苯基甲基硅树脂、有机硅树脂乳液、自干型有机硅树脂、高温型有机硅树脂、环氧改性有机硅树脂、有机硅聚酯改性树脂、自干型环保有机硅树脂、环保型有机硅树脂、不粘涂料有机硅树脂、高光有机硅树脂、苯甲基透明硅树脂、甲基透明有机硅树脂、云母粘接硅树脂、聚甲基硅树脂、氨基硅树脂、氟硅树脂、硅树脂溶液、有机硅-环氧树脂、有机硅聚酯树脂、耐溶剂型有机硅树脂、有机硅树脂胶粘剂、氟硅树脂硅树脂密封剂、耐高温甲基硅树脂、自干型有机硅绝缘漆、甲基MQ硅树脂、乙烯基MQ硅树脂、硅丙树脂涂料。
实施例二
本实施例提供一种灭火贴，该灭火贴由纳米灭火胶囊材料与硅树脂混合均匀制成，所述纳米灭火胶囊材料按照重量份数由如下原料组成：阻燃剂15份、催化剂3份、气体灭火剂20份、有机硅油2份、纳米级白炭黑 10份，所述硅树脂为6份。
其中，所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂、有机硅油、纳米级白炭黑在20℃以下、4Mpa的压力下通过高精度纳米研磨设备混合。
所述纳米灭火胶囊材料与硅树脂的混合在室温条件下完成。
灭火贴可以张贴在配电箱、开关插座、各类柜体的内部，方便灭火措施改造、加装。
本发明涉及的纳米灭火胶囊材料含有的灭火剂分子中的氟离子有助于灭火的热稳定性和化学惰性，溴离子则是灭火剂在灭火过程中的有效成分。灭火剂的灭火原理，主要是溴离子破坏燃料在燃烧过程中产生氢离子的连锁化学反应，中断燃烧而达到灭火的目的，通过抑制燃烧的化学反应过程，使燃烧中断，作用是通过拿去燃烧连锁反应中的活泼性物质来完成的，这一过程称为断链过程和抑制过程，与干粉灭火剂作用相似。而且同时具有水系和泡沫灭火剂的冷却和降温的物理作用。适用于扑救各种易燃、可燃液体火灾和电气设备火灾。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法，其特征在于，所述新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器由纳米灭火胶囊材料制备而成，其包含有灭火贴和灭火涂料，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)制备配方组分：按照重量份数，阻燃剂15份、催化剂3份、气体灭火剂20份、有机硅油2份、纳米级白炭黑10份、硅树脂15份；
(2)将所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂在20℃以下、4Mpa的压力下混合均匀；
(3)在20℃以下、4Mpa的压力下依次加入有机硅油和纳米级白炭黑混合均匀；
(4)将所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂、有机硅油、纳米级白炭黑充分搅拌形成纳米灭火胶囊材料；
(5)将纳米灭火胶囊材料与6份硅树脂在室温条件下混合均匀，形成灭火贴；
(6)将纳米灭火胶囊材料与9份硅树脂在室温条件下混合均匀，形成灭火涂料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂是无卤阻燃添加剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法，其特征在于，所述气体灭火剂是二氟二溴甲烷、二氟一氯一溴甲烷、三氟一溴甲烷、四氟二溴乙烷、三氟丙烷中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法，其特征在于，所述有机硅油是疏水型有机硅油。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法，其特征在于，所述纳米级白炭黑为气相白炭黑。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂、有机硅油、纳米级白炭黑采用一高精度纳米研磨设备混合均匀。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型仿生纳米胶囊灭火器的多形态制备方法，其特征在于，所述纳米灭火胶囊材料是15nm的微胶囊结构粉末材料。
8.一种灭火贴，其特征在于，由纳米灭火胶囊材料与硅树脂混合均匀制成，所述纳米灭火胶囊材料按照重量份数由如下原料组成：阻燃剂15份、催化剂3份、气体灭火剂20份、有机硅油2份、纳米级白炭黑10份，所述硅树脂为6份。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种灭火贴，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂、催化剂、气体灭火剂、有机硅油、纳米级白炭黑在20℃以下、4Mpa的压力下通过高精度纳米研磨设备混合。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种灭火贴，其特征在于，所述纳米灭火胶囊材料与硅树脂的混合在室温条件下完成。
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