CN110982028A - 一种冷库用保温材料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种冷库用保温材料,由下列原料制备制成:聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、催化剂、发泡剂、异氰酸酯、纳米三氧化二铝、纳米碳酸钙粉末、纳米碳酸钙粉末、硅烷偶联剂、异氰酸酯、ZrO2、碎玻璃、玄武石、页岩石、竹纤维、木纤维、棉纤维、NaOH/尿素混合溶液、分散剂、乳胶粉、增粘剂、流平剂、填料。本发明制备的冷库板质量轻、保温性能好、力学性能优异,具有良好的节能环保效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及冷库用保温材料领域,尤其涉及一种冷库用保温材料。
背景技术
保温材料在建筑行业受到了广泛的应用。现有的冷库板主要分为金属保温板和有机复合保温板,金属保温板质量大,保温效果不好;有机复合保温板有聚氨酯板、微孔硅酸钙板、泡沫玻璃板、岩棉板和EPS板等。但是微孔硅酸钙板、泡沫玻璃板、岩棉板的密度大,导热系数大,不符合节能环保的要求。EPS板虽然质量轻,但导热系数大,达不到高效隔热保温的目的,节能效果不理想。
聚氨酯保温板由于具有重量轻,吸水率低,保温效果好等优点,已经成为冷库使用的主流保温板材料。但是传统的聚氨酯保温板阻燃效果差,用于制造墙体时力学性能不足。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的上述不足,本发明提供了一种冷库用保温材料,其制备简单,质量轻,保温效果好的冷库保温板。
为了达到上述发明目的,本发明采用的具体方案为:
一种冷库用保温材料,由下列原料制备制成:聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、催化剂、发泡剂、异氰酸酯、纳米三氧化二铝、纳米碳酸钙粉末、纳米碳酸钙粉末、硅烷偶联剂、异氰酸酯、ZrO2、碎玻璃、玄武石、页岩石、竹纤维、木纤维、棉纤维、NaOH/尿素混合溶液、分散剂、乳胶粉、增粘剂、流平剂、填料。
进一步,所述保温材料的制备方法包括以下几个步骤:
(1)保温层的制备:将聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、催化剂、增粘剂、发泡剂、分散剂、乳胶粉、异氰酸酯、纳米三氧化二铝混,在l500 rpm条件下搅拌2-4min混合均匀,将混合物倒入模具中发泡、熟化,脱模,得到聚氨酯泡沫板保温层;
(2)玻璃纳米纤维的制备:将碎玻璃、玄武石、页岩石、流平剂混合,利用石料粉碎机粉碎过60目筛后,将粉末在窖炉中加热熔化并与共聚物混合,搅拌均匀得玻璃融液,将玻璃纳米纤维甩拉成纤维丝,冷却,多次粉碎过100目筛,得改性玻璃纳米纤维;
(3)混合纳米天然纤维的制备:将竹纤维、木纤维、棉纤维混合并在NaOH/尿素混合溶液中浸泡10-14h后超声分散于水中,利用高速剪切仪在12000-14000rpm条件下,高速剪切20-40min,过滤,用水洗涤3-5次,干燥得混合纳米天然纤维;
(4)阻燃层的制备:将聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、改性碳酸钙、催化剂、发泡剂、异氰酸酯、ZrO2混合,在l500-2000 rpm条件下搅拌2-4min混合均匀,将混合物倒入模具中发泡、熟化,脱模,得到聚氨酯泡沫板阻燃层;
(5)保温板的制备:将保温层、填料、固化剂、玻璃纳米纤维、混合纳米天然纤维、阻燃层高速搅拌混合均匀后加入到压热机中,在250-300℃条件下热压成型得冷库保温板;
(6)后处理:将冷库保温板分别在1mol/L NaOH溶液和1mol/L HCl溶液中浸泡2-4h后,将冷库保温板置于修饰溶液中,在50-70℃条件下反应2-4h,将保温板取出,用水洗涤,干燥即得高性能冷库保温板。
本发明的有益效果为:
利用发泡聚氨酯作为主要保温内层,聚氨酯发泡形成的多孔结构,增加了保温层的保温效果使得制备得到的冷库板质量轻,同时显著地加强了冷库板的保温性能;利用聚合物对玻璃纤维进行改性并将其作为冷库板的成分,提高了冷库板的力学性能,同样加强了冷库板的抗腐蚀性能和阻燃性;利用复合天然纤维对冷库进行改性,提高了冷库板的耐磨性能,改善了冷库板的脆性。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例进一步描述本发明,但本发明不仅仅限于以下实施例。在本发明的范围内或者在不脱离本发明的内容、精神和范围内,对本发明进行的变更、组合或替换,对于本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的,且包含在本发明的范围之内。
一种冷库用保温材料,由下列原料制备制成:聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、催化剂、发泡剂、异氰酸酯、纳米三氧化二铝、纳米碳酸钙粉末、纳米碳酸钙粉末、硅烷偶联剂、异氰酸酯、ZrO2、碎玻璃、玄武石、页岩石、竹纤维、木纤维、棉纤维、NaOH/尿素混合溶液、分散剂、乳胶粉、增粘剂、流平剂、填料。
进一步,所述保温材料的制备方法包括以下几个步骤:
(1)保温层的制备:将聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、催化剂、增粘剂、发泡剂、分散剂、乳胶粉、异氰酸酯、纳米三氧化二铝混,在l500 rpm条件下搅拌2-4min混合均匀,将混合物倒入模具中发泡、熟化,脱模,得到聚氨酯泡沫板保温层;
(2)玻璃纳米纤维的制备:将碎玻璃、玄武石、页岩石、流平剂混合,利用石料粉碎机粉碎过60目筛后,将粉末在窖炉中加热熔化并与共聚物混合,搅拌均匀得玻璃融液,将玻璃纳米纤维甩拉成纤维丝,冷却,多次粉碎过100目筛,得改性玻璃纳米纤维;
(3)混合纳米天然纤维的制备:将竹纤维、木纤维、棉纤维混合并在NaOH/尿素混合溶液中浸泡10-14h后超声分散于水中,利用高速剪切仪在12000-14000rpm条件下,高速剪切20-40min,过滤,用水洗涤3-5次,干燥得混合纳米天然纤维;
(4)阻燃层的制备:将聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、改性碳酸钙、催化剂、发泡剂、异氰酸酯、ZrO2混合,在l500-2000 rpm条件下搅拌2-4min混合均匀,将混合物倒入模具中发泡、熟化,脱模,得到聚氨酯泡沫板阻燃层;
(5)保温板的制备:将保温层、填料、固化剂、玻璃纳米纤维、混合纳米天然纤维、阻燃层高速搅拌混合均匀后加入到压热机中,在250-300℃条件下热压成型得冷库保温板;
(6)后处理:将冷库保温板分别在1mol/L NaOH溶液和1mol/L HCl溶液中浸泡2-4h后,将冷库保温板置于修饰溶液中,在50-70℃条件下反应2-4h,将保温板取出,用水洗涤,干燥即得高性能冷库保温板。
以上所述仅为本发明专利的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明专利,凡在本发明专利的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明专利的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种冷库用保温材料,其特征在于,由下列原料制备制成:聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、催化剂、发泡剂、异氰酸酯、纳米三氧化二铝、纳米碳酸钙粉末、纳米碳酸钙粉末、硅烷偶联剂、异氰酸酯、ZrO2、碎玻璃、玄武石、页岩石、竹纤维、木纤维、棉纤维、NaOH/尿素混合溶液、分散剂、乳胶粉、增粘剂、流平剂、填料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种冷库用保温材料,其特征在于,所述保温材料的制备方法包括以下几个步骤:
(1)保温层的制备:将聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、催化剂、增粘剂、发泡剂、分散剂、乳胶粉、异氰酸酯、纳米三氧化二铝混,在l500rpm条件下搅拌2-4min混合均匀,将混合物倒入模具中发泡、熟化,脱模,得到聚氨酯泡沫板保温层;
(2)玻璃纳米纤维的制备:将碎玻璃、玄武石、页岩石、流平剂混合,利用石料粉碎机粉碎过60目筛后,将粉末在窖炉中加热熔化并与共聚物混合,搅拌均匀得玻璃融液,将玻璃纳米纤维甩拉成纤维丝,冷却,多次粉碎过100目筛,得改性玻璃纳米纤维;
(3)混合纳米天然纤维的制备:将竹纤维、木纤维、棉纤维混合并在NaOH/尿素混合溶液中浸泡10-14h后超声分散于水中,利用高速剪切仪在12000-14000rpm条件下,高速剪切20-40min,过滤,用水洗涤3-5次,干燥得混合纳米天然纤维;
(4)阻燃层的制备:将聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、改性碳酸钙、催化剂、发泡剂、异氰酸酯、ZrO2混合,在l500-2000rpm条件下搅拌2-4min混合均匀,将混合物倒入模具中发泡、熟化,脱模,得到聚氨酯泡沫板阻燃层;
(5)保温板的制备:将保温层、填料、固化剂、玻璃纳米纤维、混合纳米天然纤维、阻燃层高速搅拌混合均匀后加入到压热机中,在250-300℃条件下热压成型得冷库保温板;
(6)后处理:将冷库保温板分别在1mol/L NaOH溶液和1mol/L HCl溶液中浸泡2-4h后,将冷库保温板置于修饰溶液中,在50-70℃条件下反应2-4h,将保温板取出,用水洗涤,干燥即得高性能冷库保温板。
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