CN1107973A - Automatic ultrasonic detecting and analytical instrument with program-control amplification - Google Patents

Abstract

The automatic ultrasonic detecting and analytic instrument with program control amplifier may be used to implement adjustable program-controlled amplification-attenuation for input signal. With software, it can accurately complete the automatic detection of sound and time with greatly increased accuracy and efficiency.

Description

Automatic ultrasonic detecting and analytical instrument with program-control amplification

The present invention relates to the ultrasound examination field of analytic instrument, particularly relate to the automatic ultrasonic detecting and analytical instrument device that utilizes the computer program-control amplification system.

In order to ensure building, water conservancy, construction quality such as traffic and national defence, the detection means and the evaluating basis of science are provided, need be to concrete, rock, timber, the physical characteristics of nonmetallic materials such as pottery detects, and concrete Structural Engineering is also needed to carry out the quality testing of non-breakage, at present, Ultrasonic Detection is a kind of comparatively ripe lossless detection method, and conventional supersonic reflectoscope generally is after the electric signal that receives is passed through fixing gain, adopt manual attenuator to decay, interpretation obtains the quantitative data of received signal by hand, its dynamic range is no more than 80db, the eighties not the phase occur be with micro-processor controlled (control system is z80 series) soniscope, it is foundation that its program control amplification system goes out the Mintrop wave signal with the energy interpretation, signal amplitude value (db) after program control amplification is also uncertain, can not guarantee the consistance of first wave amplitude in the multi-point sampler process, in addition, in nonmetal Ultrasound Instrument automatically during sound in the pick-up unit, all be to adopt the wave shaping trigger theory, when low and slow or signal to noise ratio is low when Mintrop wave, accuracy of detection obviously reduces, very cause leading false triggering of appearance or hysteresis and lose ripple, and artificial interpretation is subjected to interference from human factor and produces reading error, and it is not easy to operate, make detection efficiency low, this all will influence popularizing and promoting of this detection technique.

Purpose of the present invention, be exactly at the problems referred to above, succeed in developing a kind of novel intelligent Ultrasound Instrument, Applied Computer Techniques, the mode that adopts software and hardware to combine achieve a butt joint collection of letters constant amplitude and adjustable program control amplification and attenuation factor, and with the software interpretation is the automatic detection of main mode when finishing accurately, and accuracy of detection and detection efficiency are improved greatly.

Implementation of the present invention is as follows, and computer control system and Ultrasound Instrument are integrated, and specifically comprises high-voltage pulse generator, ultrasonic transducer, program control amplification and attenuation network, A/D data acquisition unit, PC/AT computing machine parts such as (comprising main frame, display, printer, keyboard special).They have formed adjustable program control amplification of constant amplitude and attenuation factor, and carry out the automatic detection of duration for the sample waveform of determining in the mode of software interpretation.

Further specify below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments:

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of automatic ultrasonic check and analysis instrument HCF-2A

Six grades of controllable attenuator that Fig. 2 (A) forms for the precision resistance network.

Fig. 2 (B) is the controllable amplifier of being made up of two stage amplifer

Fig. 2 (C) is the I/O interface of computing machine and program control amplification plate

Fig. 2 (D) is a relay group circuit

Fig. 3 is the brief block diagram of program control amplification software work

The waveform synoptic diagram of decision method during wave sound headed by Fig. 4

Fig. 5 (A), Fig. 5 (B) are the brief block diagram explanation of workflow.

Referring to Fig. 1, it has described adjustable program control amplification of constant amplitude and attenuation factor, and wherein (1) is high-voltage pulse stimulated emission circuit; (2) be driving voltage and excitation frequency programme control circut; (3) be codan, (4) are the I/O interfaces of computing machine and mimic channel; (5) be program control amplification and attenuation network; (6) be amplitude limiter circuit; (7) be the A/D collection plate, (8) are synchronizing circuits; (9) be transmitting transducer; (10) be measured body; (11) be receiving transducer; (12) be the PC/AT computing machine, (13) are keyboard specials; (14) be display; (15) be the drawing printer, the user sends signal by keyboard special, start high-voltage pulse generator, produce high-voltage pulse stimulated emission transducer, send ultrasound wave, import measured body into, be received the transducer reception and change electric signal into, after program control amplification and decay, send into the A/D plate, computing machine starts the A/D plate synchronously when starting radiating circuit, to receive electrical signal conversion is that digital signal is sent into PC/AT computing machine (being 286 main frames) herein, is gone the interpretation and the calculating of execution sound duration by the computer software of establishment in advance.

The main core of adjustable program control amplification of constant amplitude of the present invention from the above and attenuation factor is, its control model is by codan (3), I/O interface (4), program control amplification and attenuation network (5), amplitude limiter circuit (6), the closed loop that A/D sampling plate (7) is formed.Wherein program control amplification and attenuation network part are referring to Fig. 2 (A)-Fig. 2 (B).Fig. 2 (A) is six grades of controllable attenuator that precision resistance network and relay contact are formed, and realize maximum 63db, but precision is the controlling attenuation of 1db; The program-controlled amplifier that Fig. 2 (B) is made up of two stage amplifer, every grade is amplified 40db, and Fig. 2 (C) is the I/O interface circuit of microcomputer and program control amplification plate; Fig. 2 (D) is the relay group, and this network reaches the dynamic range of 143db with simple circuit configuration.The principal feature of native system is under the PC/AT control of microcomputer, and hardware combines with software, realizes the automatic constant amplitude control to first wave amplitude.Referring to Fig. 3, provided program control amplification software work brief block diagram, D is 8 program control amplification words; D0-D5 control pad relay KA0～KA5 action, D6, D7 control amplifier relay K A6 and KA7 action.The system works principle is: the electric signal that receiving transducer receives is sent into program control amplification and attenuation network; this network is carried out current program control amplification word instruction; electric signal is amplified or decays; behind limiter protection circuit, send into the A/D sampling plate and be converted to digital signal; with dma mode input microcomputer host memory; computing machine adjusts program control amplification word D according to the difference of current sample amplitude A with expection range value (AV); program control amplification attenuation network will be by adjusted program control amplification word instruction work, through making first wave amplitude reach the expection amplitude very soon after repeatedly several times.For making the expection amplitude is quantitative adjustable value, the present invention is provided with special parameters: " first wave amplitude control level (AV) ", the AV value is 1-8, vertical 256 picture elements of screen respectively are divided into 8 lattice up and down, every lattice are 16 picture elements, the AV value is provided with in the parameter menu by the user, the amplitude screen height of AV value representative is promptly used the amplitude controlled flag that requires the first wave amplitude expection to reach, program control amplification of the present invention is adjusted to the signal first wave amplitude in the scope of AV ± 1 automatically with the decay closed-loop system, signal dynamics amplitude range of control is 143db, screen digital signal amplitude resolution capability is counted, and it is 1db that the amplitude range of control reaches the 185db adjustable accuracy.

Another characteristics of the present invention are automatic detections of the Mintrop wave sound duration undertaken by software, it carries out a certain definite sample waveform sample, Chang Gui Ultrasound Instrument or have the intelligent Ultrasound Instrument of automatic sound transit-time measurement function in the past, no matter adopt wave shaping trigger theory or recurrent interval method of counting, they all are by opening the counting gate with the pulse signal that transmits synchronous, close calculating with the measured signal pulse, again the counter number of times is scaled duration, this method error is bigger, on the one hand cause leading erroneous judgement because of own ship's noise or external interference easily, because of causing to lag behind at a low speed, first wave amplitude loses ripple easily on the other hand, and when sound automatic interpretation method based on the software interpretation provided by the invention has significantly solved the problem of above-mentioned two aspects, thereby has improved the accuracy of sound transit-time measurement.

Referring to Fig. 4, the waveform synoptic diagram of interpretation method when having provided Mintrop wave, the waveform samples that the A/D collection plate of synchronousing working with radiating circuit among the figure collects, D is the sampling starting point, be the t=0 moment, A is for making the starting point that DMA transmits by A/D plate buffer memory district to the microcomputer host memory, and transmission length is determined by sampling length, C sweeps the true starting point of Mintrop wave of collecting mail number, the Mintrop wave sound duration t that the distance between DC promptly will detect.

Fig. 5 (A), (B) are the brief block diagram explanations of workflow, wherein Fig. 5 (A) is the work block diagram of judging when comprising sampling, auto-increment, sound that is once sampled the overall process that stops to sample by startup, and each sampling process is divided sampling and two stages of circulating sampling soundd out.Souning out sample phase is that the 64Kbite sample is carried out decision analysis, and its effect has 2 points, 1) in the circulation of sampling several times of minority, progressively adjust program control amplification word D, make first wave amplitude reach predetermined value.2) determine DMA transmission starting point (the A point among Fig. 4) according to predetermined sampling starting point retardation.Enter the circulating sampling state after souning out sampling, in the circulating sampling stage, is not 64Kbite but initial by DMA starting point A by the A/D plate to the sample length of microcomputer memory transmission, length is the waveform samples of sampling length, and circle collection comprises following process each time: A/D sampling-DMA transmission-Mintrop wave judgement-sound Parameters Calculation-screen display.The user is by the startup and the termination procedure of Keyboard Control sampling.

Fig. 5 (B) is that the Mintrop wave in Fig. 5 (A) block diagram is judged subroutine, also be sound, the time automatic interpretation core content, interpretation was divided into for two steps during sound: (1) seeks the Mintrop wave position, the present invention is provided with special parameters " baseline control line Wn ", the Wn line is the true baseline E horizontal amplitude line at regular intervals of distance, (see figure 4), the spacing of Wn line and baseline E is regulated with keyboard, the effect of Wn line is similar to the count pulse of closing in the step-by-step counting sound transit-time measurement system, Wn wire spoke degree is considered as the straight-line segment sample of non-ripple with interior waveform samples, is considered as waveform samples greater than the sample of Wn line.Sample is carried out pointwise to be judged, with wavelength degree counter the sample greater than the Wn line is counted, after wavelength degree counter reaches definite value, think that Mintrop wave exists, and the B point among intersection point Fig. 4 of definite waveform samples and Wn line, (2) determine the true starting point of Mintrop wave, the B point is not the true starting point c of Mintrop wave, the decision method that c is ordered has two kinds, is starting point with the B point a), and point by point scanning is counter to be pushed away, finding waveform samples and the intersection point of true baseline E is Mintrop wave starting point c, this method is applicable to that waveform is steady, baseline straightening, signal to noise ratio conditions of higher.B) be starting point with the B point, get the fixed-length data sample and do the least square method linear regression, the promptly linear anti-intersection point c that releases Mintrop wave and baseline E, this method is applicable to that signal to noise ratio is low, baseline fluctuation is big, the condition that the Mintrop wave starting point is not clear.More than two kinds of methods can be switched by keyboard special, after Mintrop wave starting point c is determined, when calculating the AC section of Fig. 4 respectively according to sampling delay amount and the dynamic deferred amount of A/D during apart from t2 and DA section apart from t1, thereby obtain Mintrop wave sound duration t.

The characteristics of automatic interpretation method are during above sound: 1) the Wn line is determined according to the on-the-spot test condition, all the time guarantee that Wn line and baseline spacing are slightly larger than the baseline noise fluctuating range, the too small count pulse level that is equivalent to close the door of spacing is too small, may cause leading erroneous judgement because of baseline noise, the excessive count pulse level that is equivalent to close the door of spacing is excessive, may cause lags behind loses ripple, the adjustable function that also is the Wn parameter makes the fixing count pulse level of closing the door become controlled, be adapted to different on-the-spot test conditions, thereby effectively solved the problem that above-mentioned two classes cause the sound transit-time measurement error, another characteristics are, not with the B point as the Mintrop wave starting point, but make the true starting point c of Mintrop wave with software, two kinds of anti-methods that push away can be adapted to different test conditions, especially method 2 has solved under the low condition of signal to noise ratio effectively, and the Mintrop wave starting point is flooded by noise and the difficulty that can't formulate. This instrument is compared with the sound transit-time measurement system of present nonmetal Ultrasound Instrument has the precision height, good reproducibility, the characteristics such as easy and simple to handle, not because of false triggering and lose the ripple interpretation that makes a mistake, also avoided artificial error in reading, operating personnel have not been had special technique will show that operating efficiency significantly improves.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of automatic ultrasonic detecting and analytical instrument has the computer program-control amplification system, it is characterized in that:

A) this instrument adopts constant amplitude, adjustable program control amplification and attenuation factor, and this system comprises high-voltage pulse generator (1); Ultrasonic transducer [being transmitting transducer (9), receiving transducer (11)]; Program control amplification and attenuation network (5); A/D data acquisition board, microcomputer [main frame (12), keyboard (13), display (14), printer (15), keyboard (13)];

B) utilize the software interpretation to carry out the automatic detection of duration for sample waveform for main mode.

2, according to the described automatic ultrasonic detecting and analytical instrument of claim 1, it is characterized in that in adjustable program control amplification of said constant amplitude and the attenuation factor closed loop that its control model is made up of codan (3), I/O interface circuit (4), program control amplification and attenuation network (5), amplitude limiter circuit (6), A/D sampling plate (7).

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