CN110790988A - Processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide, which comprises the following steps: s1, surface treatment of nano zinc oxide; s2, preparing a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution; s3, preparing a mixture water solution; s4, preparing a solid mixture; s5, preparing activated nano zinc oxide; s6, preparing finished rubber. The invention provides a processing method of rubber, which has the advantages of simple integral process, reasonable matching of all steps, good mechanical quality of the prepared rubber, high use stability and long service life, and is beneficial to commercial popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rubber preparation, and particularly relates to a processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide.
Background
Rubber is a high polymer material with excellent elasticity, is widely used for manufacturing automobile tires, waterproof sheets, adhesive tapes, rubber tubes, sealing elements and the like, has a history of nearly one hundred years, in the process of applying rubber materials, various fillers are usually added into rubber materials to improve the performance of the rubber materials and meet various performances such as strength, wear resistance, ageing resistance and the like required by modern engineering, when the structural units of the materials are as small as a nanometer level, the properties of the materials are changed greatly, the properties of the original materials are obviously improved, new properties or effects are generated, namely the special small-size effect, quantum effect and volume effect of the nanometer materials, zinc oxide is used as a traditional rubber filler, is mainly used as an active agent in the rubber and is used as a reinforcing agent and a coloring agent, and the properties of the zinc oxide influence the performance of the zinc oxide in the rubber, the service life of the hydraulic shock absorber used for the automobile is as low as 180-220 ten thousand times, the shock insulation block prepared from the rubber is matched with the hydraulic shock absorber, and the service life of the shock insulation block prepared from the rubber often cannot meet the corresponding requirement, so that the comprehensive service life of the hydraulic shock absorber is greatly influenced. When the nano zinc oxide commonly used in the prior art is used as an inorganic filler for filling, the nano zinc oxide has very high surface energy, is hydrophilic and oleophobic and has strong polarity, is easy to agglomerate in the mixing process, has small acting force with a rubber matrix and poor reinforcing effect, and causes poor adding and using effect and needs continuous improvement treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide aiming at the existing problems.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, soaking the nano zinc oxide into a coupling agent solution, continuously carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-2 h, filtering, washing with deionized water once, and drying for later use;
s2, mixing the polyvinyl alcohol and the deionized water together, putting the mixture into a stirring tank, and uniformly stirring at a medium speed to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution for later use;
s3, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate and the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 into the stirring tank in the step S2, and uniformly stirring at a high speed to obtain a mixture water solution for later use;
s4, fully pre-freezing the mixture water solution prepared in the step S3, putting the mixture water solution into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freeze drying treatment, and taking out the mixture water solution to obtain a solid mixture for later use;
s5, putting the solid mixture prepared in the step S4 into a muffle furnace for calcination, and taking out the solid mixture for 4-6 hours to obtain activated nano zinc oxide for later use;
s6, mixing the activated nano zinc oxide prepared in the step S5, a rubber matrix, an accelerator, an anti-aging agent and sulfur together, putting the mixture into an open mill for mixing treatment, and taking out the mixture after the mixing treatment to obtain the finished rubber product.
Further, the coupling agent solution in the step S1 is a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, and the mass fraction of the silane coupling agent in the silane coupling agent aqueous solution is 12-15%; the silane coupling agent is any one of a silane coupling agent kh550, a silane coupling agent kh560 and a silane coupling agent kh 570.
Further, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is controlled to be 600-700 kHz during the ultrasonic treatment in the step S1; the drying temperature is 85-90 ℃, and the drying time is 3-4 h.
Further, the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol and the deionized water in the step S2 is 0.5-1: 20; and controlling the stirring speed to be 1400-1600 revolutions per minute during medium-speed stirring treatment.
Further, the adding amount of the zinc nitrate hexahydrate in the step S3 is 3-4 times of the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol; the adding amount of the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 is 1-1.5 times of the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol; and the rotating speed of stirring is controlled to be 2200-2400 rpm during high-speed stirring treatment.
Further, the temperature in the vacuum freeze drying box is controlled to be-30 to-35 ℃ and the pressure is controlled to be 1 to 10Pa during the freeze drying treatment in the step S4.
Further, the temperature in the muffle furnace is controlled to be 680 to 720 ℃ during the calcination treatment in step S5.
Further, the activated nano zinc oxide, the rubber matrix, the accelerator, the anti-aging agent and the sulfur in the step S6 are mixed according to the weight ratio of 2-3: 100-110: 2.5-3.5: 1-1.5: 3-5; and controlling the temperature in the open mill to be 55-60 ℃ during mixing treatment.
The invention provides a novel processing method of rubber, wherein a nano zinc oxide component is still added, and the processing method is different from the prior art, the adding and using mode of the nano zinc oxide is optimized, in order to improve the filling and dispersing uniformity of the nano zinc oxide, the prior art generally carries out surface modification treatment on the nano zinc oxide and then carries out filling, the common modification treatment is surface modification treatment of a coupling agent, the surface modification treatment of the coupling agent is to attach a coupling agent film layer on the surface of the nano zinc oxide, although the uniform dispersion effect is achieved, the surface characteristics of the nano zinc oxide have no special influence on the initial surface structure and the morphological characteristics of the nano zinc oxide, but the vulcanization of the rubber and the crosslinking degree between the nano zinc oxide and a rubber matrix are influenced, and an activated nano zinc oxide is prepared firstly on the basis of the processing method, compared with the conventional preparation method of nano zinc oxide, the invention firstly actively adds the nano zinc oxide after surface treatment in the precursor, aims at ensuring that the nano zinc oxide after surface treatment of the coupling agent has good surface activity and good dispersion effect, when the precursor is decomposed to generate a finished product, the dispersed nano zinc oxide after surface treatment can be used as an anchor point to realize the attachment and combination of the nascent nano zinc oxide, because the interface action of the coupling agent can not influence the particle fineness of the nascent nano zinc oxide and can also endow the nascent nano zinc oxide with good surface performance, the most important point is that the nano zinc oxide after surface treatment added in advance has a guiding function, the particle uniformity of the nascent nano zinc oxide is improved, the overall appearance is in an ellipsoid shape, the surface structure appearance is in a shape, the filling and using effects are obviously improved, and finally the nano zinc oxide is added in the traditional preparation of rubber, the service performance of the rubber is obviously improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a processing method of rubber, which has simple integral process and reasonable matching of all steps, is beneficial to commercial popularization and application, and the prepared rubber has good mechanical quality, high use stability, long service life, and great market competitiveness and economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
A processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, soaking the nano zinc oxide into a coupling agent solution, continuously carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-2 h, filtering, washing with deionized water once, and drying for later use;
s2, mixing the polyvinyl alcohol and the deionized water together, putting the mixture into a stirring tank, and uniformly stirring at a medium speed to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution for later use;
s3, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate and the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 into the stirring tank in the step S2, and uniformly stirring at a high speed to obtain a mixture water solution for later use;
s4, fully pre-freezing the mixture water solution prepared in the step S3, putting the mixture water solution into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freeze drying treatment, and taking out the mixture water solution to obtain a solid mixture for later use;
s5, putting the solid mixture prepared in the step S4 into a muffle furnace for calcination, and taking out the solid mixture for 4-6 hours to obtain activated nano zinc oxide for later use;
s6, mixing the activated nano zinc oxide prepared in the step S5, a rubber matrix, an accelerator, an anti-aging agent and sulfur together, putting the mixture into an open mill for mixing treatment, and taking out the mixture after the mixing treatment to obtain the finished rubber product.
Example 1
A processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, soaking the nano zinc oxide into a coupling agent solution, wherein the coupling agent solution is a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, and the mass fraction of a silane coupling agent in the silane coupling agent aqueous solution is 12%; the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent kh550, is filtered out after continuous ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour, the frequency of ultrasonic waves is controlled to be 600kHz during the ultrasonic treatment, then the ultrasonic waves are washed by deionized water and dried for later use, the temperature during drying is 85 ℃, and the drying time is 3 hours;
s2, mixing the polyvinyl alcohol and the deionized water together and putting the mixture into a stirring tank, wherein the corresponding weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the deionized water is 0.5: 20; uniformly stirring at a medium speed of 1400 revolutions per minute to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution for later use;
s3, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate and the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 into the stirring tank in the step S2, wherein the addition amount of the zinc nitrate hexahydrate is 3 times of the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol; the adding amount of the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 is 1 time of the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol, and the mixture is uniformly stirred at a high speed of 2200 revolutions per minute to obtain a mixture water solution for later use;
s4, fully pre-freezing the mixture water solution prepared in the step S3, putting the mixture water solution into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freeze drying treatment, controlling the temperature in the vacuum freeze drying oven to be-30 ℃ and the pressure to be 1-10 Pa, and taking out the mixture water solution to obtain a solid mixture for later use;
s5, putting the solid mixture prepared in the step S4 into a muffle furnace for calcination, controlling the temperature in the muffle furnace to be 680 ℃ during calcination, and taking out the solid mixture after 4 hours to obtain activated nano zinc oxide for later use;
s6, mixing the activated nano zinc oxide prepared in the step S5, a rubber matrix, an accelerator, an anti-aging agent and sulfur together, and putting the mixture into an open mill for mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the activated nano zinc oxide to the rubber matrix to the accelerator to the anti-aging agent to the sulfur is 2:100:2.5: 1: 3; and controlling the temperature in the open mill to be 55 ℃ during mixing treatment, and taking out the mixture after the mixing treatment is finished to obtain the finished rubber product.
Example 2
A processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide comprises the following steps:
s1, washing the nano zinc oxide once by using deionized water, and drying for later use, wherein the drying temperature is 85 ℃, and the drying time is 3 hours;
s2, mixing the polyvinyl alcohol and the deionized water together and putting the mixture into a stirring tank, wherein the corresponding weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the deionized water is 0.5: 20; uniformly stirring at a medium speed of 1400 revolutions per minute to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution for later use;
s3, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate and the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 into the stirring tank in the step S2, wherein the addition amount of the zinc nitrate hexahydrate is 3 times of the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol; the adding amount of the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 is 1 time of the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol, and the mixture is uniformly stirred at a high speed of 2200 revolutions per minute to obtain a mixture water solution for later use;
s4, fully pre-freezing the mixture water solution prepared in the step S3, putting the mixture water solution into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freeze drying treatment, controlling the temperature in the vacuum freeze drying oven to be-30 ℃ and the pressure to be 1-10 Pa, and taking out the mixture water solution to obtain a solid mixture for later use;
s5, putting the solid mixture prepared in the step S4 into a muffle furnace for calcination, controlling the temperature in the muffle furnace to be 680 ℃ during calcination, and taking out the solid mixture after 4 hours to obtain activated nano zinc oxide for later use;
s6, mixing the activated nano zinc oxide prepared in the step S5, a rubber matrix, an accelerator, an anti-aging agent and sulfur together, and putting the mixture into an open mill for mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the activated nano zinc oxide to the rubber matrix to the accelerator to the anti-aging agent to the sulfur is 2:100:2.5: 1: 3; and controlling the temperature in the open mill to be 55 ℃ during mixing treatment, and taking out the mixture after the mixing treatment is finished to obtain the finished rubber product.
Example 3
A processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, soaking the nano zinc oxide into a coupling agent solution, wherein the coupling agent solution is a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, and the mass fraction of a silane coupling agent in the silane coupling agent aqueous solution is 12%; the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent kh550, is filtered out after continuous ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour, the frequency of ultrasonic waves is controlled to be 600kHz during the ultrasonic treatment, then the ultrasonic waves are washed by deionized water and dried for later use, the temperature during drying is 85 ℃, and the drying time is 3 hours;
s2, mixing the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1, the rubber matrix, the accelerator, the antioxidant and the sulfur together, putting the mixture into an open mill for mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 to the rubber matrix to the accelerator to the antioxidant to the sulfur is 2:100:2.5: 1: 3; and controlling the temperature in the open mill to be 55 ℃ during mixing treatment, and taking out the mixture after the mixing treatment is finished to obtain the finished rubber product.
The rubber matrix component used in the above examples 1, 2 and 3 was natural rubber, the accelerator used was dibenzothiazyl disulfide, and the antioxidant used was N-phenyl- α naphthylamine, in order to compare the effects of the present invention, the rubber obtained in the above examples 1, 2 and 3 was subjected to the performance test, and the specific comparative data are shown in the following Table 1:
TABLE 1
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 300% definite elongation (MPa) | Failure times (thousands times) | |
| Example 1 | 28.3 | 12.13 | 250 |
| Example 2 | 19.8 | 9.26 | 200 |
| Example 3 | 16.2 | 7.45 | 160 |
Note: the tensile strength and 300% definite elongation described in table 1 above were subjected to performance tests in accordance with the GB 528-83 standard; the failure times are detected according to GB/T15584-1995, and the experimental conditions are as follows: preload 4900N, amplitude + -3 mm, frequency 3 Hz.
As can be seen from the above Table 1, the rubber prepared by the method of the present invention has the advantages of obviously improved comprehensive performance, more stable service quality and longer service life.
Example 4
A processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, soaking the nano zinc oxide into a coupling agent solution, wherein the coupling agent solution is a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, and the mass fraction of a silane coupling agent in the silane coupling agent aqueous solution is 14%; the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent kh560, the silane coupling agent is filtered out after continuous ultrasonic treatment for 1.5 hours, the frequency of ultrasonic waves is controlled to be 680kHz during the ultrasonic treatment, then the silane coupling agent is washed by deionized water and dried for later use, the temperature during drying is 88 ℃, and the drying time is 3.6 hours;
s2, mixing the polyvinyl alcohol and the deionized water together and putting the mixture into a stirring tank, wherein the corresponding weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the deionized water is 0.8: 20; uniformly stirring at a medium speed of 1500 revolutions per minute to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution for later use;
s3, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate and the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 into the stirring tank in the step S2, wherein the addition amount of the zinc nitrate hexahydrate is 3.6 times of the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol; the adding amount of the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 is 1.2 times of the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol, and the mixture is uniformly stirred at a high-speed rotating speed of 2300 revolutions per minute to obtain a mixture water solution for later use;
s4, fully pre-freezing the mixture water solution prepared in the step S3, putting the mixture water solution into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freeze drying treatment, controlling the temperature in the vacuum freeze drying oven to be-32 ℃ and the pressure to be 1-10 Pa, and taking out the mixture water solution to obtain a solid mixture for later use;
s5, putting the solid mixture prepared in the step S4 into a muffle furnace for calcination, controlling the temperature in the muffle furnace to be 700 ℃ during calcination, and taking out the solid mixture after 5 hours to obtain activated nano zinc oxide for later use;
s6, mixing the activated nano zinc oxide prepared in the step S5, a rubber matrix, an accelerator, an anti-aging agent and sulfur together, and putting the mixture into an open mill for mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the activated nano zinc oxide to the rubber matrix to the accelerator to the anti-aging agent to the sulfur is 2.5:106:3: 1.2: 4; and controlling the temperature in the open mill to be 58 ℃ during mixing treatment, and taking out the mixture after the mixing treatment is finished to obtain the finished product rubber.
Example 5
A processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, soaking the nano zinc oxide into a coupling agent solution, wherein the coupling agent solution is a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, and the mass fraction of a silane coupling agent in the silane coupling agent aqueous solution is 15%; the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent kh570, the silane coupling agent is filtered out after continuous ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours, the frequency of ultrasonic waves is controlled to be 700kHz during the ultrasonic treatment, then the silane coupling agent is washed by deionized water once and dried for later use, the temperature during drying is 90 ℃, and the drying time is 4 hours;
s2, mixing the polyvinyl alcohol and the deionized water together and putting the mixture into a stirring tank, wherein the corresponding weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the deionized water is 1: 20; uniformly stirring at a medium speed of 1600 revolutions per minute to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution for later use;
s3, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate and the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 into the stirring tank in the step S2, wherein the addition amount of the zinc nitrate hexahydrate is 4 times of the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol; the adding amount of the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 is 1.5 times of the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol, and the mixture is uniformly stirred at a high-speed rotating speed of 2400 revolutions per minute to obtain a mixture water solution for later use;
s4, fully pre-freezing the mixture water solution prepared in the step S3, putting the mixture water solution into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freeze drying treatment, controlling the temperature in the vacuum freeze drying oven to be-35 ℃ and the pressure to be 1-10 Pa, and taking out the mixture water solution to obtain a solid mixture for later use;
s5, putting the solid mixture prepared in the step S4 into a muffle furnace for calcination, controlling the temperature in the muffle furnace to be 720 ℃ during calcination, and taking out after 6 hours to obtain activated nano zinc oxide for later use;
s6, mixing the activated nano zinc oxide prepared in the step S5, a rubber matrix, an accelerator, an anti-aging agent and sulfur together, and putting the mixture into an open mill for mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the activated nano zinc oxide to the rubber matrix to the accelerator to the anti-aging agent to the sulfur is 3:110:3.5: 1.5: 5; and controlling the temperature in the open mill to be 60 ℃ during mixing treatment, and taking out the mixture after the mixing treatment is finished to obtain the finished rubber product.
Claims (8)
1. A processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, firstly, soaking the nano zinc oxide into a coupling agent solution, continuously carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-2 h, filtering, washing with deionized water once, and drying for later use;
s2, mixing the polyvinyl alcohol and the deionized water together, putting the mixture into a stirring tank, and uniformly stirring at a medium speed to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution for later use;
s3, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate and the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 into the stirring tank in the step S2, and uniformly stirring at a high speed to obtain a mixture water solution for later use;
s4, fully pre-freezing the mixture water solution prepared in the step S3, putting the mixture water solution into a vacuum freeze drying oven for freeze drying treatment, and taking out the mixture water solution to obtain a solid mixture for later use;
s5, putting the solid mixture prepared in the step S4 into a muffle furnace for calcination, and taking out the solid mixture for 4-6 hours to obtain activated nano zinc oxide for later use;
s6, mixing the activated nano zinc oxide prepared in the step S5, a rubber matrix, an accelerator, an anti-aging agent and sulfur together, putting the mixture into an open mill for mixing treatment, and taking out the mixture after the mixing treatment to obtain the finished rubber product.
2. The processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein the coupling agent solution in step S1 is a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, and the mass fraction of the silane coupling agent in the silane coupling agent aqueous solution is 12-15%; the silane coupling agent is any one of a silane coupling agent kh550, a silane coupling agent kh560 and a silane coupling agent kh 570.
3. The processing method of the high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is controlled to be 600 to 700kHz during the ultrasonic treatment in the step S1; the drying temperature is 85-90 ℃, and the drying time is 3-4 h.
4. The processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol mixed with the deionized water in step S2 is 0.5-1: 20; and controlling the stirring speed to be 1400-1600 revolutions per minute during medium-speed stirring treatment.
5. The processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of zinc nitrate hexahydrate in step S3 is 3-4 times of the total mass of polyvinyl alcohol; the adding amount of the nano zinc oxide treated in the step S1 is 1-1.5 times of the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol; and the rotating speed of stirring is controlled to be 2200-2400 rpm during high-speed stirring treatment.
6. The method for processing the high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein the temperature in the vacuum freeze drying oven is controlled to be-30 to-35 ℃ and the pressure in the vacuum freeze drying oven is controlled to be 1 to 10Pa during the freeze drying process in step S4.
7. The method for processing high-performance rubber containing nano zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein the temperature in the muffle furnace is controlled to be 680-720 ℃ during the calcination treatment in step S5.
8. The processing method of high-performance rubber containing nano-zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the activated nano-zinc oxide, the rubber matrix, the accelerator, the anti-aging agent and the sulfur in the step S6 is 2-3: 100-110: 2.5-3.5: 1-1.5: 3-5; and controlling the temperature in the open mill to be 55-60 ℃ during mixing treatment.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114736442A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 池州市鼎弘半导体科技有限公司 | Mould moistening rubber strip without sodium ions |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114736442A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 池州市鼎弘半导体科技有限公司 | Mould moistening rubber strip without sodium ions |
| CN114736442B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2024-02-02 | 池州市鼎弘半导体科技有限公司 | Sodium ion-free mold wetting adhesive tape |
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