CN110757904A - 一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料、外套及面料的生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料、外套及面料的生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及成衣面料技术领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料、外套及面料的生产工艺。成衣复合面料,包括表层、中间层和里层,三层之间复合粘结,表层和里层为化纤面料,所述中间层为纤维气凝胶层,所述纤维气凝胶层由发丝短纤或气凝胶纳米片构成。本发明通过纤维气凝胶层的设置,能够起到制成的面料或成衣外套具有保暖性好的效果;通过采用气凝胶纳米片和蓄热球粒子的设置,能够起到人体与外套双向传热的效果;通过拉链帽、气孔、第一防水膜、第二防水膜、第三防水膜、第四防水膜的设置,起到了为雨天的专设了一款保暖防雨功能外套的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及成衣面料技术领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料、外套及面料的生产工艺。
背景技术
随着近年来极端恶劣天气的不断增多,人们对于纺织品的保暖性能提出了更高的要求。在目前常见的纤维材料中,现在全球以动物纤维如羊绒、鸭绒、鹅绒等作为保暖材料使用。
气凝胶为目前已知的保温隔热性能最好、密度最低的固体。它能大量锁定微小空间内的静止空气、热导率极低、重量极轻。
公告号为CN104305768B的中国发明专利,公开一种山棕黄麻复合床垫。它通过以下步骤制备而成:山棕纤维的制备:蒸煮;分离;进行开松前先对黄麻纤维和山棕纤维进行一次竹醋处理和二次竹醋处理;然后进行抗菌处理,混合浸渍及开松:脱胶处理,梳理并剪短,再将短麻纤维和短棕纤维按照重量比30-40:25-50在木质纤维素气凝胶液中混合浸渍15-20min,然后取出沥干并送至开松机内进行开松与混合;气流梳理成网:将所述开松后的短麻纤维和短棕纤维通过气流由滚筒槽均匀而下,均匀排列形成S形截面结构的网状半成品;无纺针刺;高温烘烤;木质纤维素气凝胶液的制备方法为:粉碎;纯化;冻融;凝固再生。该发明的山棕黄麻复合床垫隔音隔热、舒适环保、抗菌透气、使用寿命长。
上述专利主要将气凝胶运用在了床垫领域中,实现保温功能。而在成衣外套的运用中,目前还是非常少,成衣外套不仅需要保暖还需要着装舒适度,在成衣外套领域如何与气凝胶进行结合运用亟需突破。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料,具有制成的成衣外套具有保暖性和提高着装舒适度的效果。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料,包括表层、中间层和里层,三层之间复合粘结,所述表层和里层为化纤面料,所述中间层为纤维气凝胶层,所述纤维气凝胶层由发丝短纤或气凝胶纳米片构成。
通过采用上述技术方案,提供了一种保温面料,该面料将来专用于制备成衣。本发明采用纤维型气凝胶层,纤维型气凝胶层除了具有保温蓄热效果外,其压缩回弹性能也十分优异,面料和成衣具有更好的保暖效果和弹性,提高穿着舒适度。
进一步的,所述纤维气凝胶层包括第一防水膜、第二防水膜以及位于第一防水膜和第二防水膜之间的发丝短纤,所述发丝短纤的长度为20-80mm,粗细为20D-40D。
通过采用上述技术方案,发丝短纤中液体含量比固体含量少很多,外表为固体状,为一种纤维气凝胶。长度为20-80mm,粗细为20D-40D的发丝短纤可以被利用至成衣面料中。若干短纤,形成的平面具有许多间隙孔,形成蓬松感,类似于羽绒的原来,短纤越蓬松,其保暖效果越好。并且发丝短纤两侧复合有第一防水膜和第二防水膜,使得发丝短纤不容易受潮。
进一步的,所述纤维气凝胶层包括第三防水膜、第四防水膜以及位于第三防水膜和第四防水膜之间的若干块气凝胶纳米片,所述气凝胶纳米片表面嵌入有蓄热球粒子,所述蓄热球粒子的直径大小为2-5mm,所述气凝胶纳米片与所述蓄热球粒子的比例为1-5:1。
通过采用上述技术方案,采用气凝胶纳米纤维形成的气凝胶纳米片构成中间层,在同样的保暖效果下厚度更薄。在气凝胶纳米片中增加蓄热球粒子,蓄热球粒子的蓄热稳定性好,人体传递至气凝胶纳米片的热量蓄在蓄热球粒子中,再通过其慢慢释放给气凝胶纳米片,达到循环保暖的效果。
一种带有含气凝胶的成衣复合面料的外套,包括躯干部、衣袖和帽子,三者相互缝接,所述躯干部、衣袖和帽子均采用上述的成衣复合面料缝制而成。
通过采用上述技术方案,提供一种具有保暖效果且具有着装舒适度的外套。
进一步的,所述躯干部正面缝接有一对斜插的口袋,每个口袋插口处均设有双开的口袋拉链,所述口袋拉链靠近帽子的端部设有拉链帽。
通过采用上述技术方案,口袋采用双开的口袋拉链,可以双向打开口袋,这种特别适用于加长的口袋,同时又起到装饰作用,为年轻人营造个性化的着装风格。同时在口袋拉链的末端设置拉链帽,当口袋闭合时,双口袋拉链可以都拉至靠近拉链帽的同一侧,隐藏于拉链帽内,拉链帽可以起到雨天防水的功能,减少雨水从拉链顶端进入口袋的机率。
进一步的,所述躯干部包括正面和反面,所述帽子靠近躯干部正面处设有立领,所述立领上设有若干气孔。
通过采用上述技术方案,立领增加了外套的立挺感。而本保暖外套专为雨天设计,立领上的气孔为人们提供了散热空间或呼吸空间,避免唇部、鼻部闷热潮湿。
进一步的,所述帽子中部设有收缩绳,所述帽子背面设有圆孔,所述收缩绳伸出圆孔,伸出圆孔的收缩绳上设有限位扣。
通过采用上述技术方案,当人们戴上帽子后,收缩绳可以对帽子进行锁紧,使得帽子不容易脱离人们的头部。
一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料的生产工艺,其步骤如下,
S1.制作中间层纤维气凝胶层;
S11.在模具上喷洒第一遍防水涂层,形成第一防水膜;
S12.均匀铺放发丝短纤;
S13.喷洒第二遍防水涂层,形成第二防水膜;
S2.将中间层进行高温定型;
S3.在中间层两侧通过胶水复合表层和里层。
通过采用上述技术方案,制成了一种具有一定保暖性能和弹性的面料。该工艺中高温定型采用的温度优选为60℃-80℃,避免温度过高对发丝短纤的保暖性能产生破坏。
一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料的生产工艺,其步骤如下,
S1.制作中间层纤维气凝胶层;
S11.在模具上喷洒第一遍防水涂层,形成第三防水膜;
S12.均匀铺放气凝胶纳米片;
S13.埋设蓄热球粒子;
S14.喷洒第二遍防水涂层,形成第四防水膜;
S2.将中间层进行高温定型;
S3.在中间层两侧通过胶水复合表层和里层。
通过采用上述技术方案,制成一种具有双向热传递的功能的保暖面料。该工艺中高温定型采用的温度优选为80℃-120℃。
综上所述,本发明具有以下有益效果:
1.通过纤维气凝胶层的设置,能够起到制成的面料或成衣外套具有保暖性好和舒适度高的效果;
2.通过在中间层中铺设发丝短纤的设置,能够起到形成更多间隙以提高保暖性的效果;
3.通过采用气凝胶纳米片和蓄热球粒子的设置,能够起到人体与外套双向传热的效果;
4.通过拉链帽、气孔、第一防水膜、第二防水膜、第三防水膜、第四防水膜的设置,起到了为雨天的专设了一款保暖外套的作用。
附图说明
图1是实施例1整体面料结构层剖视图;
图2是实施例1中间层的剖面图;
图3是实施例1中防雨外套正面示意图;
图4是实施例1中防雨外套反面示意图;
图5是实施例2中中间层的剖视图。
图中,1、表层;2、中间层;3、里层;4、第一防水膜;5、第二防水膜;6、发丝短纤;7、第三防水膜;8、第四防水膜;9、气凝胶纳米片;10、蓄热球粒子;11、躯干部;12、衣袖;13、帽子;14、立领;15、气孔;16、口袋;17、口袋拉链;18、拉链帽;19、收缩绳;20、限位扣。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1:
如图1所示,一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料,包括表层1、中间层2和里层3,三层之间复合粘结。表层1和里层3为化纤面料,也可以选择其它面料。中间层2为纤维气凝胶层。
如图2所示,纤维气凝胶层可以由发丝短纤6或气凝胶纳米片9构成。本实施例纤维气凝胶层包括第一防水膜4、第二防水膜5以及位于第一防水膜4和第二防水膜5之间的发丝短纤6。发丝短纤6的长度为20-80mm,优选50mm。
如图3所示,将这种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料制成保暖的防雨外套。外套包括躯干部11、衣袖12和帽子13,三者相互缝接,躯干部11、衣袖12和帽子13均上述成衣复合面料缝制而成。躯干部11包括正面和反面,帽子13靠近躯干部11正面处设有立领14,立领14上设有若干气孔15,以便于雨天散热和呼吸。躯干部11正面缝接有一对斜插的口袋16,每个口袋16插口处均设有双开的口袋16拉链,口袋16拉链靠近帽子13的端部设有拉链帽18,以便于遮盖住拉链端部,减少雨水进入口袋16的机率。为了防止帽子13脱离,帽子13中部还设有收缩绳19,帽子13背面设有圆孔,收缩绳19伸出圆孔,伸出圆孔的收缩绳19上设有限位扣20。
面料的具体制作过程如下:
S1.先制作中间层2纤维气凝胶层;
S11.在模具上喷洒第一遍防水涂层,形成第一防水膜4;
S12.均匀铺放发丝短纤6;
S13.喷洒第二遍防水涂层,形成第二防水膜5;
S2.将中间层2进行高温定型,温度控制在60℃-80℃;
S3.在中间层2两侧通过胶水复合表层1和里层3。
实施例2:与实施例1不同之处在于,如图4、图5所示,纤维气凝胶层包括第三防水膜7、第四防水膜8以及位于第三防水膜7和第四防水膜8之间的若干块气凝胶纳米片9,气凝胶纳米片9表面嵌入有蓄热球粒子10,蓄热球粒子10的直径大小为2-5mm,气凝胶纳米片9与蓄热球粒子10的比例为1-5:1,优选为3:1,这样的蓄热能力和舒适度是最佳的。
面料的具体制作过程如下:
S1.制作中间层2纤维气凝胶层;
S11.在模具上喷洒第一遍防水涂层,形成第三防水膜;
S12.先在部分气凝胶纳米片9上设槽孔,然后铺放气凝胶纳米片9,让带槽孔的气凝胶纳米片9和不带槽孔的气凝胶纳米片9大致均匀分布;
S13.埋设蓄热球粒子10;
S14.喷洒第二遍防水涂层,形成第四防水膜;
S2.将中间层2进行高温定型,温度可以控制在80℃-120℃;
S3.在中间层2两侧通过胶水复合表层1和里层3。
保温性实验:
对比例:采用原材料为普通三层化纤面料。
将实施例1、实施例2的复合面料和对比例的面料同时进行如下实验:在四个杯子中同时加入100°的开水,分别用实施例1、实施例2、实施例3的复合面料和对比例的面料罩住杯子,并用皮筋扎紧。将四个杯子均放置在同一温度和湿度的室内环境中静止,分别在半小时、1小时、2小时的时刻点测量各个杯子中的水的温度。获得结果如表1。
表1实施例1、实施例2的复合面料和对比例的面料的保温性能
温度 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 对比例 |
30min | 82℃ | 89℃ | 73℃ |
60min | 70℃ | 78℃ | 55℃ |
120min | 45℃ | 60℃ | 36℃ |
由上述实验过程可见,本发明的实施例1-2面料在半小时、1小时、2小时各时间点相对现有技术的对比例均具有良好的保温效果。其中,实施例的成衣面料保温效果在各个时间点表现较佳,实施例2的成衣面料表现最好。但从上述实验结果不难看出本发明的面料均具有良好的保温效果。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释,其并不是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (9)
1.一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料,包括表层(1)、中间层(2)和里层(3),三层之间复合粘结,其特征在于:所述表层(1)和里层(3)为化纤面料,所述中间层(2)为纤维气凝胶层,所述纤维气凝胶层由发丝短纤(6)或气凝胶纳米片(9)构成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料,其特征在于:所述纤维气凝胶层包括第一防水膜(4)、第二防水膜(5)以及位于第一防水膜(4)和第二防水膜(5)之间的发丝短纤(6),所述发丝短纤(6)的长度为20-80mm,粗细为20D-40D。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料,其特征在于:所述纤维气凝胶层包括第三防水膜(7)、第四防水膜(8)以及位于第三防水膜(7)和第四防水膜(8)之间的若干块气凝胶纳米片(9),所述气凝胶纳米片(9)表面嵌入有蓄热球粒子(10),所述蓄热球粒子(10)的直径大小为2-5mm,所述气凝胶纳米片(9)与所述蓄热球粒子(10)的比例为1-5:1。
4.一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料的外套,包括躯干部(11)、衣袖(12)和帽子(13),三者相互缝接,其特征在于:所述躯干部(11)、衣袖(12)和帽子(13)均采用权利要求1-3任一项所述的成衣复合面料缝制而成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料的外套,其特征在于:所述躯干部(11)正面缝接有一对斜插的口袋(16),每个口袋(16)插口处均设有双开的口袋(16)拉链,所述口袋(16)拉链靠近帽子(13)的端部设有拉链帽(18)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料的外套,其特征在于:所述躯干部(11)包括正面和反面,所述帽子(13)靠近躯干部(11)正面处设有立领(14),所述立领(14)上设有若干气孔(15)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料的外套,其特征在于:所述帽子(13)中部设有收缩绳(19),所述帽子(13)背面设有圆孔,所述收缩绳(19)伸出圆孔,伸出圆孔的收缩绳(19)上设有限位扣(20)。
8.一种权利要求1含气凝胶的成衣复合面料的生产工艺,其特征在于,其步骤如下:
S1.制作中间层(2)纤维气凝胶层;
S11.在模具上喷洒第一遍防水涂层,形成第一防水膜(4);
S12.均匀铺放发丝短纤(6);
S13.喷洒第二遍防水涂层,形成第二防水膜(5);
S2.将中间层(2)进行高温定型;
S3. 在中间层(2)两侧通过胶水复合表层(1)和里层(3)。
9.一种含气凝胶的成衣复合面料的生产工艺,其特征在于,其步骤如下:
S1.制作中间层(2)纤维气凝胶层;
S11.在模具上喷洒第一遍防水涂层,形成第三防水膜(7);
S12.均匀铺放气凝胶纳米片(9);
S13.埋设蓄热球粒子(10);
S14.喷洒第二遍防水涂层,形成第四防水膜(8);
S2.将中间层(2)进行高温定型;
S3. 在中间层(2)两侧通过胶水复合表层(1)和里层(3)。
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