CN110756574A - Soil heavy metal pollution modifier - Google Patents
Soil heavy metal pollution modifier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110756574A CN110756574A CN201911091001.0A CN201911091001A CN110756574A CN 110756574 A CN110756574 A CN 110756574A CN 201911091001 A CN201911091001 A CN 201911091001A CN 110756574 A CN110756574 A CN 110756574A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- straws
- soil
- activated carbon
- heavy metal
- improver
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/06—Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A soil heavy metal pollution modifier belongs to the field of agricultural land soil pollution improvement and treatment, and is characterized in that the modifier takes active carbon particles prepared from crop straws as raw materials and quicklime as main components, wherein the crop straws comprise cotton straws, corn straws, wheat straws, rice straws, bean straws, sorghum straws, cereal straws or other crop straws; the quick lime is high-quality lime without limestone, and is uniformly mixed with the straw activated carbon particles according to a certain proportion to prepare the modifying agent. The modifier has the technical advantages over other modifiers that: has dual functions of passivating and adsorbing heavy metals in the treatment of heavy metal pollution of soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil heavy metal pollution modifying agent, and belongs to the field of soil pollution improvement and treatment of agricultural lands.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, the cultivated land area reaches 18 hundred million acres, and in recent years, industrial wastewater pollution and excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers cause that heavy metals in partial cultivated lands in China exceed standards, and the safety performance of produced agricultural products is great. In order to change the situation and effectively treat the soil of the polluted farmland, a soil heavy metal pollution modifier which takes straws and quicklime as main raw materials is researched by taking the adsorption and passivation of heavy metals in the soil of the farmland as targets.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil heavy metal pollution modifier which is characterized in that the modifier takes active carbon particles prepared from crop straws as raw materials and quicklime as main components, wherein the crop straws comprise cotton straws, corn straws, wheat straws, rice straws, bean straws, sorghum straws, cereal straws or other crop straws; the quick lime and the straw activated carbon particles are uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion to prepare the modifying agent.
The invention aims to provide a soil heavy metal pollution modifier which is characterized in that straw activated carbon which is one of main raw materials of the modifier is obtained by carbonizing, activating, acid washing (alkali washing) and drying crop straws.
The invention aims to provide a soil heavy metal pollution modifier, which is characterized in that crop straws used as raw materials for preparing activated carbon are processed into 2-3cm small sections, then are subjected to heat preservation for 3-6 hours at the temperature of more than 400 ℃, are subjected to pre-carbonization treatment, and then are subjected to activation treatment by an acid method or an alkali method, and the heavy metal pollution modifier is prepared by the following steps: straw 1 after pre-carbonization treatment: and (3-6) adding an acid or alkali activating agent in proportion, carrying out vacuum drying, and carbonizing at the high temperature of 600-900 ℃ under the nitrogen protection environment to obtain the straw activated carbon.
The invention aims to provide a heavy metal pollution modifier which is characterized in that straw activated carbon which is one of raw materials of the modifier is prepared into an acid activator and a base activator, wherein the acid activator mainly comprises sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, and the base activator mainly comprises sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
The invention aims to provide a soil heavy metal pollution improver which is characterized in that the main component of the improver, namely the straw activated carbon, is preferably subjected to subtraction by an activating agent, and the preferential improver is sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
The invention aims to provide a soil heavy metal pollution modifier which is characterized in that the main component of the modifier is straw activated carbon which is crushed into particles and mixed with quicklime to form the modifier.
The invention aims to provide a soil heavy metal pollution modifier which is characterized in that straw activated carbon and quicklime are mixed according to a certain proportion to form the modifier, and the mixing proportion is that the straw activated carbon: quicklime is (1-8000): (9000-1).
The invention aims to provide a soil heavy metal pollution modifier which is characterized in that the preferential formula of the modifier is straw activated carbon: quicklime is (1-5000): (6000-1).
The invention aims to provide a soil heavy metal modifier which is characterized in that quicklime which is one of formulas of the modifier is high-quality quicklime and does not contain limestone.
The invention aims to provide a soil heavy metal pollution modifier which is characterized in that the particle size of activated carbon is 2mm3Then, the mixture is fully mixed with the quicklime, so that the quicklime is almost completely filled into the small holes of the activated carbon.
The invention aims to provide a soil heavy metal pollution improver, which is characterized in that the improver is applied during soil preparation, the application amount is determined according to the soil pollution degree, and the application method comprises the following steps: the fertilizer is applied to the ground surface, is deeply ploughed for 30cm along with soil preparation, is uniformly mixed with soil in a rotary ploughing mode to form a soil improvement layer, and adsorbs and passivates heavy metals in the soil, so that the edible part of the growing crops reaches safety indexes.
The invention is further illustrated by the examples.
Example (b): an example of soil improvement due to heavy metal pollution.
Firstly, detecting the polluted soil, knowing the heavy metal pollution condition and the soil pH value condition, and then formulating the proportion of the straw activated carbon and the quicklime in the soil conditioner according to the detection result. For acid soil with high heavy metal content and low pH value, the content of quicklime in the mixture can be increased, so that the passivation effect of heavy metals in the soil is improved; for the soil with high heavy metal content and high soil pH value, the content of quicklime in the mixture ratio can be properly reduced, so that the adsorption effect on the heavy metals is improved.
Before soil improvement, removing residues such as weeds on the surface of soil, spreading the modifying agent on the surface, then deeply turning for 30cm, harrowing and harrowing to fully and uniformly mix the soil and the modifying agent, and planting crops after one week.
After the modifying agent is applied to the polluted soil, the pH value of the soil is adjusted to be between 8 and 8.5, so that heavy metals in the soil are passivated.
The soil property of northern areas is alkaline, the formula of the modifier takes active carbon as a main component and quicklime as an auxiliary component; the soil in the south is acidic, and the conditioner takes quicklime as a main material and active carbon as an auxiliary material.
The modifier passivates heavy metal ions in soil by adopting a mode of improving the pH value of the soil, adsorbs heavy metals in the soil by adopting the adsorption effect of activated carbon, and is matched with each other to jointly fulfill the aim of soil improvement and achieve the aim of safe production of crops.
Claims (6)
1. A soil heavy metal pollution modifier is characterized in that the modifier takes active carbon particles prepared by taking crop straws as raw materials and quicklime as main components, wherein the crop straws comprise cotton straws, corn straws, wheat straws, rice straws, bean straws, sorghum straws, cereal straws or other crop straws; the quick lime is high-quality lime without limestone, and is uniformly mixed with the crop straw activated carbon particles according to a certain proportion to prepare the modifying agent.
2. The soil heavy metal pollution improver as recited in claim 1, wherein the activated carbon as one of the main raw materials of the improver is obtained by carbonizing, activating, pickling and drying crop straws.
3. The soil heavy metal pollution improver as claimed in claim 2, wherein the crop straws used as raw materials for preparing the activated carbon are processed into 2-3cm small sections, then are kept at a temperature of above 400 ℃ for 3-6 hours, and are subjected to pre-carbonization treatment, and then are subjected to activation treatment by an acid method or an alkaline method, and the activated carbon is prepared by the following steps: straw 1 after pre-carbonization treatment: and (3-6) adding an acid or alkali activating agent in proportion, carrying out vacuum drying, and carbonizing at the high temperature of 600-900 ℃ under the nitrogen protection environment to obtain the straw activated carbon.
4. The heavy metal pollution improver as claimed in claim 3, wherein the activating agent for the straw activated carbon, which is one of the raw materials of the improver, is an acid activating agent and a base activating agent, the acid activating agent is mainly sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, and the base activating agent is mainly sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
5. A soil heavy metal pollution improver as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 wherein the activator for the main component of the improver, activated carbon, is preferably a subtractive process, and the preferential improver is sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; mixing the straw activated carbon and quicklime according to a certain proportion, wherein the mixing proportion is as follows: quicklime is (1-8000): (9000-1), the preferential formula is straw activated carbon: quicklime is (1-5000): (6000-1).
6. A soil heavy metal pollution improver as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 wherein the activated carbon particle size is 2mm3Then, the calcium oxide is fully and uniformly mixed with the calcium oxide, so that the calcium oxide is almost completely filled into the small holes of the activated carbon; the application method comprises the following steps: and (3) broadcasting and applying to the ground surface, deeply ploughing for 30cm along with land preparation, uniformly mixing with soil in a rotary ploughing mode to form a soil improvement layer, and adsorbing and passivating heavy metals in the soil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911091001.0A CN110756574A (en) | 2019-11-09 | 2019-11-09 | Soil heavy metal pollution modifier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911091001.0A CN110756574A (en) | 2019-11-09 | 2019-11-09 | Soil heavy metal pollution modifier |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110756574A true CN110756574A (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911091001.0A Pending CN110756574A (en) | 2019-11-09 | 2019-11-09 | Soil heavy metal pollution modifier |
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| CN (1) | CN110756574A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111330966A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-26 | 上海澄域环保工程有限公司 | In-situ slurry stabilization restoration method for heavy metal polluted site |
| CN114586620A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-07 | 江西农业大学 | Double-cropping rice cultivation method capable of effectively reducing cadmium |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111330966A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-26 | 上海澄域环保工程有限公司 | In-situ slurry stabilization restoration method for heavy metal polluted site |
| CN114586620A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-07 | 江西农业大学 | Double-cropping rice cultivation method capable of effectively reducing cadmium |
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Application publication date: 20200207 |
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