CN110704982B - Rated specific speed calculation method for horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine - Google Patents
Rated specific speed calculation method for horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110704982B CN110704982B CN201910968291.6A CN201910968291A CN110704982B CN 110704982 B CN110704982 B CN 110704982B CN 201910968291 A CN201910968291 A CN 201910968291A CN 110704982 B CN110704982 B CN 110704982B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hydraulic turbine of a hydropower stationThe field discloses a method for calculating the rated specific rotating speed of a horizontal shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine, which is used for carrying out more reasonable calculation on the rated specific rotating speed of the horizontal shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine so as to meet the new hydroelectric engineering requirements. The invention is summarized as follows: determining rated water head H of horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine to be calculated r (ii) a According to the calculation formula of the rated specific speed of the single nozzle of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine
Calculating the rated specific speed of the single nozzle; calculating formula according to rated specific rotating speed of horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine
Calculating rated specific speed n of horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine sr . The method is suitable for calculating the rated specific rotating speed of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic turbines in hydropower stations, in particular to a rated specific rotating speed calculation method for a horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine.
Background
The water turbine is a machine which converts the mechanical energy of water flow into the mechanical energy of a rotating wheel in a hydropower station and enables the rotating wheel and a main shaft to continuously run by overcoming various resistances, is called as the heart of the hydropower station, has very important function on the initial investment of hydropower engineering and the exertion of the economic benefits of a power plant after operation by reasonably selecting the parameters, and is one of the core contents of the design of the hydropower engineering. The hydropower station provided with the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle bucket type water turbine engine unit has the advantages of simple unit and factory building structure, small civil work workload, short construction period, low cost, small influence on ecological environment and the like, and is widely applied to mountainous areas with high water heads and small flow.
Water turbine ratioThe rotating speed is a comprehensive index for measuring the energy characteristic, cavitation characteristic, operation stability, economy and advancement of the water turbine. The improvement of the specific rotating speed has important significance for improving the energy characteristic of the water turbine, reducing the unit cost and the civil engineering investment of a factory building; but the improvement of the specific rotating speed is limited by the factors of the strength, the cavitation performance, the silt abrasion, the operation stability and the like of the water turbine. Therefore, how to reasonably determine the specific rotating speed of the water turbine is very important content in the design of hydropower engineering. Rated specific speed n of horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine sr Is calculated by
Then, the rated specific speed n of the single nozzle is calculated sr1 The rated specific speed n of the horizontal axis single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine can be obtained sr 。
The current closest solution to the present invention to solve the above problems is: in order to obtain the rated specific speed n of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine single nozzle sr1 Statistical curves in the handbook of electromechanical design of hydropower stations (hydraulic machinery), published in 1983, are commonly used, and the statistical curves are shown in fig. 2. As the sample data of the parameters of the water turbine based on the statistical curve shown in the figure 2 is the hydropower station and the water turbine before 1983, certain era limitation exists, and the influence of different numbers of rotating wheels and nozzles on the selection of the specific rotating speed of the pelton turbine and the comprehensive performance of the water turbine is not considered, so that the requirements of hydropower engineering on continuous development of new technology, new materials, new processes, new structures and the like cannot be met, and the rated rotating speed n of the single nozzle of the pelton turbine with the horizontal shaft and the single rotating wheel and the double nozzles is obtained by checking the figure 2 sr1 The new requirements of hydropower engineering are generally difficult to meet, so that the error of the rated specific rotating speed finally calculated according to the existing method is larger than the error of the real data of the existing horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the rated specific rotating speed of the horizontal shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine is calculated more reasonably so as to meet the new hydropower engineering requirements.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for calculating rated specific rotation speed of a horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine comprises the following steps:
a. determining the rated water head of a horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine to be calculated, wherein the rated water head is marked as H r In the unit of m;
b. calculating the rated specific speed of the single nozzle according to a calculation formula of the rated specific speed of the single nozzle of the pelton turbine with horizontal shaft, single rotating wheel and double nozzles, wherein the rated specific speed of the single nozzle is recorded as n sr1 The unit is m kW, and the single-nozzle rated specific rotating speed calculation formula is as follows:
c. and calculating the rated specific rotating speed of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine according to the rated specific rotating speed of the single nozzle of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine.
Further, in the step c, when the rated specific speed of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine is calculated, the following formula can be adopted:
wherein n is sr The rated specific speed of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine is in the unit of m.kW.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention collects and arranges a large amount of well-operated horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle water bucket type hydroelectric generating set data at home and abroad; using least square method, using a large number of water turbine parameters as sample data, regression statistics to obtain rated specific speed n of single nozzle of horizontal axis single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine sr1 The calculation formula of (2); the formula considers the selection of the specific rotating speed of the horizontal axis pelton turbine and the comprehensive performance of the turbine by different rotating wheel numbers and nozzle numbersThe rated specific rotating speed of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine can be calculated more reasonably, new hydroelectric engineering requirements are better met, and powerful technical support is provided for the subsequent domestic and foreign hydroelectric engineering construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the invention for calculating rated specific speed of a horizontal axis single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine;
FIG. 2 shows the rated specific speed n of a single nozzle of a conventional pelton turbine sr1 Rated head H r Graph of the relationship (c).
Detailed Description
The invention collects and arranges a large amount of well-operated horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine generator set data at home and abroad, then uses a least square method and a large amount of turbine parameters as sample data, and obtains the rated specific rotating speed n of the single nozzle of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine through regression statistics sr1 Is calculated by equation (1), i.e.
The influence of different numbers of rotating wheels and nozzles on the selection of the specific rotating speed of the horizontal shaft pelton turbine and the comprehensive performance of the turbine is considered, and the single-nozzle specific rotating speed calculation formula (1) obtained through regression statistics is derived on the basis of a large number of data of the horizontal shaft single-rotating-wheel double-nozzle pelton turbine generator set which operates well, so that the finally obtained rated specific rotating speed calculation formula has universality and rationality.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The embodiment provides a method for calculating rated specific rotating speed of a horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
a. determining the rated water head of a horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine to be calculated, wherein the rated water head is marked as H r In the unit m;
b. calculating the single-nozzle rated specific speed of the pelton turbine according to the calculation formula of the single-nozzle rated specific speed of the pelton turbine with horizontal shaft, single rotating wheel and double nozzlesRated specific speed of the nozzle, and the rated specific speed of the single nozzle is recorded as n sr1 The unit is m kW, and the single-nozzle rated specific rotating speed calculation formula is as follows:
c. according to the rated specific speed n of single nozzle of horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine sr1 Calculating the rated specific rotating speed of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine, and recording the rated specific rotating speed as n sr The unit is m.kW, and the formula for calculating the rated specific speed of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine is as follows:
when the rated specific speed of a single nozzle is obtained, a statistical curve in a hydropower station electromechanical design manual (hydraulic machinery) published in 1983 is commonly adopted at present, and the statistical curve is shown in fig. 2. Next, the formula (1) of the embodiment of the present invention and the statistical curve shown in fig. 2 are applied to the sample data shown in table 1, respectively, to obtain the calculation results of the formula (1) and the statistical curve and the error comparison of the calculation results, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 several sets of sample data (turbine true parameters)
TABLE 2 comparison of the present invention with the currently commonly used statistical curve calculation error
The comparison result in table 2 shows that the sum of squares of the errors obtained by the formula (1) in the embodiment of the invention is the minimum, namely the optimum, and further the embodiment can calculate the rated specific rotating speed of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine more accurately, which indicates that the invention can better meet the new hydropower engineering requirements.
While the foregoing has described the fundamental principles and principal features of the invention, the description is illustrative only of the principles of the invention, and is subject to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (2)
1. The method for calculating the rated specific rotating speed of the pelton turbine with the horizontal shaft, the single rotating wheel and the double nozzles is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. determining the rated water head of a horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine to be calculated, wherein the rated water head is marked as H r In the unit m;
b. calculating the rated specific rotating speed of the single nozzle according to a single-nozzle rated specific rotating speed calculation formula of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine, wherein the rated specific rotating speed of the single nozzle is recorded as n sr1 The unit is m kW, and the single-nozzle rated specific rotating speed calculation formula is as follows:
c. and calculating the rated specific rotating speed of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine according to the rated specific rotating speed of the single nozzle of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine.
2. The method for calculating the rated specific speed of the horizontal axis single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step c, the formula for calculating the rated specific speed of the horizontal axis single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine is as follows:
wherein n is sr The rated specific speed of the horizontal-shaft single-runner double-nozzle pelton turbine is in the unit of m.kW.
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| CN113673062B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-12-06 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating outer diameter of rotating wheel of pelton turbine, outer width of pelton and weight of rotating wheel |
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| CN108416527A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-17 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Vertical shaft movable propeller turbine plant cavitation coefficient computational methods |
| CN109101770A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2018-12-28 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | The specified specific speed calculation method of vertical-shaft pelton turbine |
| CN109902382A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-18 | 武汉大学 | A kind of statistical calculation method of large and medium-sized Francis turbine specific speed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108416527A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-17 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Vertical shaft movable propeller turbine plant cavitation coefficient computational methods |
| CN109101770A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2018-12-28 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | The specified specific speed calculation method of vertical-shaft pelton turbine |
| CN109902382A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-18 | 武汉大学 | A kind of statistical calculation method of large and medium-sized Francis turbine specific speed |
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