CN110698243A

CN110698243A - Fecal treatment device and fecal treatment system

Info

Publication number: CN110698243A
Application number: CN201911072665.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨波; 张春雪; 郑向群; 张韬
Original assignee: Environmental Protection Research And Monitoring Institute Of Ministry Of Agriculture And Rural Areas
Current assignee: Environmental Protection Research And Monitoring Institute Of Ministry Of Agriculture And Rural Areas; Agro Environmental Protection Institute Ministry of Agriculture
Priority date: 2019-11-05
Filing date: 2019-11-05
Publication date: 2020-01-17

Abstract

The invention provides a fecal treatment device and a fecal treatment system, and relates to the technical field of fecal treatment. This fecal treatment device includes the stool pot, a straw case and septic tank for holding the straw, through the concrete injecing to fecal treatment device structure, make this fecal treatment device need not wash by water in the use, excrement and urine directly enters into the septic tank through the stool pot, and place excrement and urine and the straw in the straw case in the septic tank and mix in order to ferment, thereby turn into the fertilizer with excrement and urine, this fecal treatment device does not need water in the use, not only save the water resource, be suitable for arid water shortage area to use, still utilize excrement and urine and the principle that the straw can ferment simultaneously, make the excrement turn into the fertilizer, the faecal utilization efficiency has been promoted greatly, and can not cause the pollution to the environment, the bad smell that has improved traditional dry toilet, sanitary condition is poor and fecal treatment is inconvenient, cause environmental pollution scheduling problem easily. The invention also provides a fecal treatment system.

Description

Fecal treatment device and fecal treatment system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fecal treatment, in particular to a fecal treatment device and a fecal treatment system.

Background

In rural areas in arid and water-deficient areas of China, the problems of toilets are severe, which are mainly caused by water source shortage and management oversight, pungent smells diffuse inside and outside the toilets, mosquitoes and flies are abused, sanitary conditions are poor, excrement treatment is inconvenient, and environmental pollution is easily caused. The toilet is the most basic facility condition, still lags behind the development of other civil causes, and is a short board for breaking the problem of country governance. The transformation of rural toilets in arid water-deficient areas plays an important role in improving rural sanitary environment, changing bad habits of rural society and improving the health level of farmers. The rural ecological sanitary toilet is transformed and popularized, the harmless treatment of the excrement is realized, and the method is a permanent measure for controlling and reducing the epidemic of intestinal infectious diseases and the infection of parasitic diseases.

In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fecal treatment device, which does not need to be flushed with water in the using process, not only saves water resources and is suitable for arid water-deficient areas, but also converts feces into organic fertilizer by utilizing the principle that the feces and straws can be fermented, greatly improves the utilization efficiency of the feces and the straws, does not pollute the environment, and solves the problems of bad smell, poor sanitary condition, inconvenient fecal treatment, easy environmental pollution and the like of the traditional dry toilet.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a fecal management system comprising the above mentioned fecal management device.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a fecal treatment device, which comprises a toilet, a straw box for containing straws and a septic box, wherein the toilet and the straw box are respectively connected with the septic box;

the toilet comprises a toilet body, a first baffle and a first pedal, wherein the first baffle is arranged in the toilet body, the first pedal is arranged on the outer side of the toilet body, and the first pedal is connected with the first baffle to control the first baffle to be opened or closed.

Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the first pedal controls the first baffle to be opened or closed through a connecting rod.

Further, on the basis of the above technical solution of the present invention, the first baffle is a flat plate or an arc-shaped plate.

Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the toilet body is connected with the septic tank through a first pipeline;

one end of the first pipeline connected with the toilet body is higher than one end of the first pipeline connected with the septic tank.

Further, on the basis of the technical scheme, the straw box is connected with the first pipeline through a second pipeline.

Further, on the basis of the technical scheme, a second baffle is arranged in the second pipeline, a second pedal is arranged outside the straw box, and the second pedal is connected with the second baffle.

Further, on the basis of the above technical solution of the present invention, the second pedal and the second baffle control the second baffle to rotate through a spring coupling, so that the second baffle is opened or closed.

Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, a solar heating plate is arranged outside the septic tank.

Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the septic tank is also provided with a ventilation device.

The invention also provides a fecal treatment system comprising the fecal treatment device.

Compared with the prior art, the excrement treatment device and the excrement treatment system provided by the invention have the following technical effects:

(1) the invention provides a fecal treatment device, which comprises a toilet, a straw box for containing straws and a septic box, wherein the toilet and the straw box are respectively connected with the septic box; the septic tank realizes the mixing of the excrement and the straws, thereby achieving the purpose of preparing the organic fertilizer; when the excrement treatment device is not used, the first pedal can be utilized to close the first baffle plate, so that the first baffle plate can isolate the toilet body from the septic tank, and peculiar smell in the septic tank is prevented from returning to the toilet body; when the excrement treatment device is used, the first pedal can be utilized to open the first baffle plate, so that the toilet body is directly communicated with the septic tank, excrement can directly or indirectly enter the septic tank through the toilet body, and after the excrement treatment device is used, the first pedal is utilized to close the first baffle plate;

the structure of the excrement treatment device is specifically limited, so that the excrement treatment device does not need to be flushed in the using process, excrement directly enters a septic tank through a toilet stool, and excrement and straw in a straw tank are mixed in the septic tank for fermentation, so that the excrement is converted into an organic fertilizer;

in addition, the excrement treatment device is simple in structure, convenient to manufacture, low in cost and suitable for being popularized and used in arid water-deficient areas.

(2) The invention provides a fecal treatment system, which comprises the fecal treatment device, and due to the advantages of the fecal treatment device, common fecal and straws in rural areas can be effectively utilized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a feces treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a toilet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the toilet of FIG. 2 in different operating states;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of a first pedal, a first baffle and a connecting rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a toilet according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the toilet of fig. 5 in different operating states.

Icon: 10-a toilet bowl; 11-a toilet body; 12-a first pedal; 13-a first baffle; 14-a first conduit; 15-a connecting rod; 20-straw box; 21-a second pedal; 22-a second baffle; 23-a second conduit; 30-a septic tank; 31-solar heating plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example one

According to a first aspect of the present invention, the present embodiment provides a fecal treatment apparatus, which includes a toilet 10, a straw box 20 for containing straw, and a septic box 30, wherein the toilet 10 and the straw box 20 are respectively connected to the septic box 30;

the toilet 10 includes a toilet body 11, a first baffle 13 and a first pedal 12, the first baffle 13 is disposed in the toilet body 11, the first pedal 12 is disposed outside the toilet body 11, and the first pedal 12 is connected to the first baffle 13 to control the first baffle 13 to open or close, as shown in fig. 1.

The invention provides a fecal treatment device, which comprises a toilet, a straw box for containing straws and a septic tank, through the specific limitation of the structure of the excrement treatment device, the excrement treatment device does not need to be flushed in the using process, and the excrement directly enters the septic tank through the toilet stool, and the excrement and the straws in the straw box are placed in a septic box to be mixed for fermentation, so that the excrement is converted into organic fertilizer, the excrement treatment device does not need water in the using process, not only saves water resources, but also is suitable for being used in arid water-deficient areas, meanwhile, the principle that the excrement and the straws can be fermented is utilized to convert the excrement into the organic fertilizer, so that the utilization efficiency of the excrement is greatly improved, and the technical problems of bad smell, poor sanitary condition, inconvenient excrement treatment, easy environmental pollution and the like of the traditional dry toilet are solved.

The toilet 10 is mainly a device used by people for using a toilet. The structure of the toilet 10 is not particularly limited, and is typically, but not limited to, a squat or a toilet. The squatting pan is characterized by taking a squatting pan by a human body when in use. The toilet is characterized in that a user takes a sitting posture when using the toilet.

A first baffle 13 is arranged in the toilet body 11, a first pedal 12 is arranged outside the toilet body 11, the first baffle 13 is connected with the first pedal 12, and the first pedal 12 can be used for controlling the opening or closing of the first baffle 13. The purpose of the first baffle 13 is to communicate or separate the toilet body 11 and the septic tank 30.

The structure of the septic tank 30 is not particularly limited as long as mixing of the manure and the straw is achieved and fermentation of the manure and the straw is ensured.

Specifically, when the fecal treatment device is not used, the first pedal 12 can be used to close the first baffle 13, so that the first baffle 13 separates the toilet body 11 from the septic tank 30, and the odor in the septic tank 30 is prevented from returning to the toilet body 11, thereby affecting the quality of the ambient air. When the excrement treatment device is used, the first baffle 13 can be opened by the first pedal 12, so that the toilet body 11 is directly communicated with the septic tank 30, and excrement can directly or indirectly enter the septic tank 30 through the toilet body 11. After use, the first baffle 13 is closed by the first pedal 12.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the first baffle 13 is a flat plate, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. At this time, the first shutter 13 may be opened and closed in various ways.

For example, when the fecal management apparatus is not in use and the first flapper 13 is closed, the first flapper 13 is extended in the horizontal direction inside the toilet body 11 as shown in fig. 2, thereby isolating the toilet body 11 from the septic tank 30; when the fecal treatment apparatus is used and the first flap 13 is opened, the first flap 13 is turned upward or downward from the original horizontal direction to the vertical direction as shown in fig. 3, thereby making the toilet body 11 communicate with the septic tank 30.

The first baffle 13 may be a single plate or a combination of a plurality of flat plates, and is not limited in this respect.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the first baffle 13 is an arc-shaped plate, as shown in fig. 4.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the first pedal 12 controls the first flap 13 to rotate through the connecting rod 15, so that the first flap 13 is opened or closed.

The first pedal 12 can be connected with the first baffle 13 through a connecting rod 15, and the connecting manner can be a mechanical connecting manner commonly used in the art, and is not particularly limited herein.

When the fecal treatment apparatus is not used and the first baffle 13 is closed, the top ends of the two arc-shaped plates forming the first baffle 13 are contacted, thereby isolating the toilet body 11 from the septic tank 30, as shown in fig. 5; when using this faecal management device and first baffle 13 to open, then the top of two arcs parts each other, and the bottom of two arcs contacts, as the state shown in fig. 6, excrement and urine then drops on first baffle 13 this moment, that is the bottom position department of two arcs, after like the lavatory, when closing this first baffle 13 again, along with two arcs bottom parts are parts each other, the top contacts, and excrement and urine then drops to in the first pipeline 14 from first baffle 13.

It should be noted that the structure of the first baffle 13 is not limited to the above-mentioned flat plate or arc plate, as long as it can isolate and communicate the toilet body 11 and the septic tank 30.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the toilet body 11 is connected to the septic tank 30 through the first pipe 14;

the end of the first pipe 14 connected to the toilet body 11 is higher than the end of the first pipe 14 connected to the septic tank 30.

Since the excrement is introduced into the septic tank 30 through the first pipe 14 and the process does not require water flushing, the end of the first pipe 14 connected to the toilet body 11 is higher than the end of the first pipe 14 connected to the septic tank 30, so that the excrement can be directly introduced into the septic tank 30 by using its own gravity.

As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the first conduit 14 is a straight conduit.

Since the excrement is directly introduced into the septic tank 30 without external action, if the first pipe 14 has an elbow, the excrement is easily accumulated at the elbow, so that the first pipe 14 is easily clogged.

As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the straw box 20 is connected to the first duct 14 by a second duct 23.

The straw in the straw box 20 can enter the first pipeline 14 through the second pipeline 23, which can replace the transportation medium-water of the traditional flush toilet to transport the feces into the septic tank 30, and adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the water content in the septic tank 30, so that the feces can be fermented in the septic tank 30.

The type of straw is not particularly limited, and typically but not limitatively, for example, wheat straw, rice straw, corn straw, potato straw, cotton straw, or sugarcane straw.

Considering the size of the second conduit 23 and the first conduit 14, the straw is usually crushed and then placed in the straw box 20. Typical but non-limiting dimensions of the comminuted straw are 0.5cm, 1.0cm, 1.5cm, 2.0m, 2.5cm, 3.0cm, 3.5cm, 4.0m, 4.5cm or 5.0 cm. But generally the size of the straw is smaller than the pipe diameter of the first pipe 14 and the second pipe 23.

In addition, since the straw is also directly fed into the first pipe 14 through the second pipe 23, as an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the end of the second pipe 23 connected to the straw box 20 is higher than the end of the second pipe 23 connected to the first pipe 14.

Due to the arrangement mode, the straws can directly enter the first pipeline 14 through the second pipeline 23 without external acting force by means of self gravity.

As an optional embodiment of the invention, a second baffle 22 is arranged in the second pipeline 23, a second pedal 21 is arranged outside the straw box 20, and the second pedal 21 is connected with the second baffle 22.

The purpose of the second baffle 22 is to control the timing of the straw in the straw box 20 into the first conduit 14. When the second baffle 22 is in the closed state, i.e. the second baffle 22 extends in the radial or horizontal direction of the second duct 23, the second baffle 22 separates the straw box 20 from the first duct 14. When the second flap 22 is in the open state, i.e., the second flap 22 is rotated from the radial direction or the horizontal direction of the second duct 23 to the axial direction, the straw box 20 is directly communicated with the first duct 14. The working principle of the second shutter 22 is the same as that of the first shutter 13.

Generally, when the faecal management device is not in use, the second baffle 22 is in a closed state, preventing straw in the straw box 20 from entering the first duct 14. Before people are ready to go to the toilet, the second baffle 22 can be opened through the second pedal 21, so that the straw box 20 is directly communicated with the first pipeline 14, and the straw in the straw box 20 enters the first pipeline 14 through the second pipeline 23. A portion of the straw may fall onto the walls of the first pipe 14 and a portion of the straw may enter the septic tank 30 directly. When the straw entering the first pipeline 14 reaches a certain dosage, the second baffle 22 is closed by the second pedal 21, so that the straw in the straw box 20 is prevented from entering the first pipeline 14. When people go to the toilet, excrement and urine passes through the stool pot body and directly inserts into first pipeline 14, because there is some straw on the pipe wall of first pipeline 14, the existence of straw can make on excrement and urine is difficult for the adhesion pipe wall, still can accelerate the moving speed of excrement and urine to septic tank 30 simultaneously. After the toilet is finished, the second pedal 21 can be used for controlling the opening of the second baffle 22, so that the straws in the straw box 20 can enter the first pipeline 14 through the second pipeline 23, and the straws can convey excrement into the septic tank 30.

The connection manner of the second pedal 21 and the second baffle 22 is not particularly limited, and a mechanical connection manner commonly used in the mechanical field can be adopted, and is not particularly limited herein. As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the second pedal 21 and the second stop 22 control the second stop 22 to rotate through a spring coupling, so that the second stop 22 opens or closes.

The second pedal 21 can flexibly control the opening and closing of the second baffle 22 through the limitation of the connection mode between the second pedal 21 and the second baffle 22.

After people finish using the toilet, the excrement and the straw enter the septic tank 30 together for fermentation. In order to better control the fermentation temperature in the septic tank 30, as an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a solar heating plate 31 is provided outside the septic tank 30.

The solar heat panel 31, also called a solar heat collector, is a device that can collect sunlight and convert it into heat energy. The apparatus can directly transfer heat to the septic tank 30 so that the fermentation temperature of the septic tank 30 can be controlled.

In order to control the air circulation in the septic tank 30 and facilitate the fermentation in the septic tank 30, as an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a ventilation device, not shown in the drawings, is further provided on the septic tank 30.

Preferably, the ventilation means comprises a ventilation fan and/or a ventilation tube.

In addition, in order to further accelerate the fermentation process of the excrement and the straws, a conventional microbial fermentation inoculant can be added into the septic tank. The microbial fermentation inoculant can effectively promote the degradation of organic matters, accelerate the decomposition speed of excrement, is favorable for eliminating odor-causing substances and reduces the pollution to the environment.

Common microbial fermentation inoculants include, but are not limited to, cellulolytic bacteria, proteolytic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, yeasts, deodorant bacteria and other beneficial microorganisms. The metabolites produced by the microbial fermentation inoculants during growth are mutually utilized. In the fermentation process of the excrement and the straws, the microbial fermentation inoculant, the excrement and the straws form a complex and stable microecological system, and the materials such as the excrement and the straws can be rapidly fermented into water vapor, carbon dioxide and organic fertilizers.

The excrement treatment device does not need water flushing and can be used in the environment without water supply and drainage facilities and sewage discharge pipelines. The excrement treatment device directly solves the problem of defecation of people, solves the problem of resource recycling of excrement straws, and solves the problems that excrement in the traditional toilets is difficult to treat, peculiar smell is difficult to remove and sewage is difficult to discharge in arid water-deficient areas. Under the condition that the use frequency is 10 persons/day, the daily water saving can reach 60L, and the water can be kept colorless, tasteless, aseptic and unhappy for a long time.

In order to verify the technical effect of the excrement treatment device, experiments are particularly carried out in Tianshui city of Gansu province.

And adding the mechanically crushed corn straws and wheat straws with the average length of 1.5cm into the straw box, wherein the volume ratio of the corn straws to the wheat straws is 1:1, and the corn straws and the wheat straws account for 4/5 of the volume of the straw box. The fecal management device treats 2-3 persons' feces daily. As the excrement and the straws are continuously added into the septic tank every day during the use process, the weight of the substrate in the septic tank is basically maintained at the position of the early stage of use due to the action of aerobic bacteria in the excrementThe organic components such as protein in human excrement, cellulose and hemicellulose in straw are decomposed into ammonia gas, water and CO₂And the substances are discharged through the ventilation device, so that the weight is kept constant. After fermentation treatment for several days, the excrement and the straws in the septic tank can be fermented into organic compost.

Example two

The second embodiment of the present invention further provides a fecal treatment system, which is an improvement on the first embodiment, and the technical solution described in the first embodiment also belongs to the first embodiment, and is not described herein again.

The fecal treatment system provided by the embodiment comprises the fecal treatment device.

Besides the excrement treatment device, the excrement treatment system also comprises a methane tank, and the methane tank is communicated with the septic tank. The excrement and the straws can enter a methane tank, after certain fermentation strains such as organic matter decomposing bacteria and methane bacteria are added, the excrement and the straws can be fermented to obtain methane, and the methane fermentation residues can be returned to the septic tank for continuous fermentation.

The excrement treatment system comprises the excrement treatment device, and in view of the advantages of the excrement treatment device, excrement and straws which are common in rural areas are effectively utilized.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fecal treatment device is characterized by comprising a toilet, a straw box for containing straws and a septic box, wherein the toilet and the straw box are respectively connected with the septic box;

2. The faecal management device according to claim 1, wherein said first pedal controls the opening or closing of said first barrier by means of a connecting rod.

3. The faecal management device according to claim 2, wherein said first baffle is a flat or curved plate.

4. The fecal management device according to claim 1, characterized in that the toilet body is connected with the septic tank by a first pipe;

5. The faecal management device according to claim 4, wherein said straw box is connected to said first conduit by a second conduit.

6. The fecal management device of claim 5, characterized in that a second baffle is arranged in the second conduit, a second pedal is arranged outside the straw box, and the second pedal is connected with the second baffle.

7. The faecal management device according to claim 6, wherein said second pedal and said second shutter are coupled by a spring to control the rotation of said second shutter to open or close said second shutter.

8. A fecal treatment apparatus according to any of the claims 1-7 characterized in that the septic tank is externally provided with solar heating panels.

9. A faecal management device according to any of claims 1-7, wherein air exchange means is further provided in said septic tank.

10. A fecal management system comprising a fecal management device according to any of the claims 1-9.