CN110605653A - Through hole polishing device and method for polishing through hole by using negative pressure - Google Patents
Through hole polishing device and method for polishing through hole by using negative pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110605653A CN110605653A CN201910984183.8A CN201910984183A CN110605653A CN 110605653 A CN110605653 A CN 110605653A CN 201910984183 A CN201910984183 A CN 201910984183A CN 110605653 A CN110605653 A CN 110605653A
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- abrasive particle
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 98
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005300 metallic glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/10—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving other means for tumbling of work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
- B24B31/14—Abrading-bodies specially designed for tumbling apparatus, e.g. abrading-balls
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a through hole polishing device and a method thereof for polishing a through hole by utilizing negative pressure, and the through hole polishing device comprises a sliding guide rail clamping assembly, a workpiece clamping assembly, an abrasive particle flow circulating assembly and a sealing device, wherein the sliding guide rail clamping assembly, the workpiece clamping assembly and the abrasive particle flow circulating assembly are all arranged inside the sealing device; according to the invention, the polishing of the bent inner hole on the machined workpiece printed by 3D can be realized through the abrasive flow in the negative pressure state, the automation of the polishing of the bent inner hole is realized, the labor cost is saved, the higher polishing precision can be obtained through the automatic machining, and the efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of abrasive flow polishing, in particular to a through hole polishing device and a through hole polishing method by utilizing negative pressure.
Background
Polishing is a process that uses mechanical, chemical or electrochemical action to reduce the roughness of the surface of a workpiece to obtain a bright, flat surface. The method is to carry out modification processing on the surface of a workpiece by using a polishing tool and abrasive particles or other polishing media. Currently, mechanical polishing, chemical polishing, electrolytic polishing, etc. are commonly used polishing methods.
Liquid metal refers to an amorphous metal that can be viewed as a mixture of a positively ionic fluid and a free electron gas. Liquid metal is also an amorphous, flowable liquid metal. The liquid metal polishing refers to polishing work of a workpiece by liquid metal mixed liquid mixed with abrasive particles under a changing magnetic field and an electric field.
3D printing is one of the rapid prototyping technologies, which is a technology for constructing an object by using a bondable material such as powdered metal or plastic based on a digital model file and by printing layer by layer. Along with the continuous maturity of 3D printing technique, the application scope is more and more extensive, and does not have a suitable method to the through-hole processing of 3D printing product at present, mainly still through the manual work processing of polishing, can't realize the automatic polishing of through-hole, and machining efficiency is not high to the quality of processing can't obtain guaranteeing.
For polishing of a bent through hole of a workpiece, the traditional mechanical and chemical polishing technology cannot be adopted, so abrasive flow polishing and liquid metal polishing are generally adopted, but the efficiency of pure abrasive flow and liquid metal polishing is possibly low, and the polishing time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the polishing efficiency of a bent inner hole of a 3D printed workpiece is low, the period is long, and automatic polishing cannot be realized, and provides a through hole polishing device and method for polishing a through hole by using negative pressure.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: a through hole polishing device for polishing a through hole by utilizing negative pressure comprises a sliding guide rail clamping assembly, a workpiece clamping assembly, an abrasive flow circulating assembly and a sealing device, wherein the sliding guide rail clamping assembly, the workpiece clamping assembly and the abrasive flow circulating assembly are all arranged inside the sealing device;
the sliding guide rail clamping assembly comprises a driving motor, a horizontal linear module, a coupler, a motor base and a movable plate, wherein the horizontal linear module is horizontally arranged on a bottom plate of the sealing device, the driving motor is fixed at one end of the horizontal linear module through the motor base, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the horizontal linear module through the coupler, the movable plate is fixed on a sliding block of the horizontal linear module, and the sliding block of the horizontal linear module and the movable plate are driven to linearly move in the horizontal direction when the driving motor moves;
the abrasive particle flow circulation assembly comprises an abrasive particle flow container, a water suction pump, a first abrasive particle flow circulation pipe, a second abrasive particle flow circulation pipe, a third abrasive particle flow circulation pipe and a heating pipe, wherein a water outlet of the water suction pump is connected with a water inlet of the heating pipe, a water inlet of the water suction pump is connected with a water outlet of the abrasive particle flow container through the second abrasive particle flow circulation pipe, and a water inlet of the second abrasive particle flow circulation pipe is connected with one end of the third abrasive particle flow circulation pipe; the top of the abrasive flow container is provided with a container air suction opening, and a container inflation opening at the top of the abrasive flow container is communicated with the inside of the sealing device;
the workpiece clamping assembly comprises a fixed end bidirectional connecting seat, a movable end workpiece clamping head, a fixed end workpiece clamping head and a fixed base, the fixed base is fixed on a bottom plate of the sealing device, the movable end bidirectional connecting seat is fixedly arranged on the fixed base, and the fixed end bidirectional connecting seat is fixedly arranged on the movable plate; one end of the movable end bidirectional connecting seat is connected with the movable end workpiece clamping head, and the other end of the movable end bidirectional connecting seat is connected with a water outlet of the heating pipe through a first abrasive flow circulating pipe; one end of the fixed end bidirectional connecting base is connected with the fixed end workpiece clamping head, and the other end of the fixed end bidirectional connecting base is connected with the other end of the third abrasive flow circulating pipe.
Furthermore, the abrasive flow container, the second abrasive flow circulation pipe, the water suction pump, the first abrasive flow circulation pipe, the heating pipe, the movable end bidirectional connecting seat, the movable end workpiece clamping head, the workpiece to be machined, the fixed end workpiece clamping head, the fixed end bidirectional connecting seat and the third abrasive flow circulation pipe jointly form the whole abrasive flow circulation system, and when the water suction pump works, the abrasive flow flows in each component of the abrasive flow circulation system in sequence.
Furthermore, nitrogen gas is introduced into the sealing device through the nitrogen gas vent, other gases in the sealing device are gradually pumped out from the nitrogen gas pumping hole through the air pumping device, the container is filled with a large amount of nitrogen gas, the nitrogen gas generating device is closed, the air pumping device is continuously utilized to pump the sealing device, the whole sealing device is in a negative pressure state, at the moment, air pumping is stopped, the nitrogen gas pumping hole is closed, and the inside of the sealing device is always kept in the negative pressure state in the whole machining process.
Further, an observation window is arranged on the sealed container.
Furthermore, the fixed end bidirectional connecting seat, the fixed end workpiece clamping head and one end of the third abrasive flow circulation pipe are connected through threads and sealed through a sealing ring.
Furthermore, the movable end bidirectional connecting seat, the heating pipe and the movable end workpiece clamping head are connected through threads and sealed through sealing rings.
Furthermore, the fixed end bidirectional connecting base is provided with a left threaded connector and a right threaded connector, one end of the third abrasive flow circulating pipe is provided with an internal thread matched with the left threaded connector on the fixed end bidirectional connecting base, and the third abrasive flow circulating pipe is matched with the left threaded connector on the fixed end bidirectional connecting base through the internal thread and is fixedly connected with the fixed end bidirectional connecting base; the bidirectional connecting base of the movable end is provided with a left threaded joint and a right threaded joint, one end of the heating pipe is provided with an internal thread matched with the right threaded joint on the bidirectional connecting base of the movable end, and the heating pipe is fixedly connected with the bidirectional connecting base of the movable end through the matching of the internal thread and the right threaded joint on the bidirectional connecting base of the movable end.
Further, expansion end work piece holding head and stiff end work piece holding head all include cylindric stiff end and the installation end that is used for installing the work piece, be provided with on the fixed end of expansion end work piece holding head with the left side screwed joint matched with internal thread on the two-way connecting seat of stiff end, the stiff end of expansion end work piece holding head passes through the internal thread and the cooperation and the two-way connecting seat fixed connection of stiff end of the left side screwed joint on the two-way connecting seat of stiff end, be provided with on the fixed end of stiff end work piece holding head with the right side screwed joint matched with internal thread on the two-way connecting seat of expansion end, the stiff end of stiff end work piece holding head passes through the internal thread and the cooperation and the.
Furthermore, the installation ends of the movable end workpiece clamping head and the fixed end workpiece clamping head are designed in a copying manner, different copying ends are designed for different workpieces, and two ends of the workpiece to be processed are respectively in sealing connection with the installation ends of the movable end workpiece clamping head and the fixed end workpiece clamping head.
A through hole polishing method for polishing a through hole by using negative pressure based on a through hole polishing device for polishing a through hole by using negative pressure specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing one end of a workpiece to be processed in a fixed end workpiece clamping head, starting a driving motor, driving the whole body consisting of a sliding block and a movable plate of a horizontal linear module to move along a straight line through a coupler, enabling a movable end workpiece clamping head to gradually approach the other end of the workpiece to be processed until the workpiece to be processed is clamped between the movable end workpiece clamping head and the fixed end workpiece clamping head, completely sealing the two ends of the workpiece to be processed with the movable end workpiece clamping head and the fixed end workpiece clamping head, stopping the driving motor at the moment, and respectively communicating the two ends of a bent inner hole on the workpiece to be processed with the movable end workpiece clamping head and the fixed end workpiece clamping head;
step two: injecting the abrasive flow into an abrasive flow container, wherein the liquid level of the abrasive flow in the abrasive flow container is higher than the height of a water outlet of the abrasive flow container and lower than the height of a water inlet of the abrasive flow container;
step three: opening an external nitrogen generating device, filling nitrogen into the whole sealing device by using a nitrogen vent, opening an external air extracting device, and extracting air in the sealing device by using a nitrogen extracting port until the sealing device is filled with a large amount of nitrogen;
step four: closing the nitrogen generating device, continuously utilizing the air extracting device to extract air to the sealing device to enable the whole sealing device to be in a negative pressure state, closing the nitrogen extracting opening and the air extracting device when the negative pressure value of the sealing device reaches a certain degree, stopping extracting air to the sealing device and enabling the sealing device to keep the negative pressure state; because the upper end of the abrasive particle flow container is provided with the container inflation inlet communicated with the sealing device, the interior of the abrasive particle flow container is also in a negative pressure state;
step five: turning on a water suction pump, pumping out the abrasive flow in the abrasive flow container through a second abrasive flow circulating pipe by the water suction pump, returning the abrasive flow to the abrasive flow container through a first abrasive flow circulating pipe, a heating pipe, a movable end bidirectional connecting seat, a movable end workpiece clamping head, a workpiece to be processed, a fixed end workpiece clamping head, a fixed end bidirectional connecting seat and a third abrasive flow circulating pipe in sequence, and keeping the abrasive flow flowing in the whole abrasive flow circulating system under the condition that the water suction pump is always kept on;
step six: the heating pipe is opened, the heating device in the heating pipe is utilized to heat the abrasive particle flow flowing through the heating pipe, the abrasive particle flow starts to be gasified in a negative pressure heating environment, so that the original abrasive particle flow only with solid and liquid two phases is changed into a solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixed state, the abrasive particle flow in the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixed state continuously flows through the bent inner hole of the workpiece to be processed, and the processing of the bent inner hole of the workpiece to be processed is realized until the processing of the whole workpiece to be processed is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: .
1. According to the invention, the polishing of the bent inner hole on the machined workpiece printed by 3D can be realized through the abrasive flow in the negative pressure state, the automation of the polishing of the bent inner hole is realized, the labor cost is saved, the higher polishing precision can be obtained through the automatic machining, and the efficiency is greatly improved.
2. According to the invention, the curved inner hole of the workpiece to be processed is polished through the abrasive particle flow, and the whole polishing device is in a negative pressure environment through the sealing device, so that the abrasive particle flow can enter the curved inner hole of the workpiece to be processed more smoothly, and the polishing is more sufficient.
3. The invention reduces the influence of oxygen in the air on the polished workpiece during polishing by exhausting the air in the sealing device.
4. The whole device is placed in a negative pressure environment, so that the requirement on the air tightness of the whole polishing device is lowered.
5. According to the invention, the heating pipe is adopted to heat the solid-liquid two-phase abrasive flow into the solid-liquid-gas three-phase abrasive flow, so that the polishing effect can be better realized through gasification, the inner hole of the 3D workpiece can be effectively polished, the polishing efficiency is enhanced, and the polishing quality is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a through-hole polishing apparatus for through-hole polishing by negative pressure inside a sealing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the through-hole polishing apparatus for polishing a through-hole using negative pressure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a through-hole polishing apparatus for through-hole polishing by negative pressure inside the sealing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed end workpiece holding head or a movable end workpiece holding head according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed end workpiece holding head or a movable end workpiece holding head according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed end workpiece holding head or a movable end workpiece holding head according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a sealing device, 2-a first abrasive particle flow circulating pipe, 3-a movable end workpiece clamping head, 4-a water pump, 5-a heating pipe, 6-a second abrasive particle flow circulating pipe, 7-a nitrogen gas pumping port, 8-a motor base, 9-a driving motor, 11-a coupler, 12-a horizontal linear module, 13-an observation window, 14-a movable plate, 15-a movable end bidirectional connector base, 17-a workpiece to be processed, 18-a fixed base, 19-a fixed end workpiece clamping head, 20-a fixed end bidirectional connecting base, 21-a third abrasive particle flow circulating pipe, 23-an abrasive particle flow container, 24-a nitrogen gas vent and 25-a container pumping port.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a through hole polishing device for polishing a through hole by using negative pressure comprises a sliding guide rail clamping assembly, a workpiece clamping assembly, an abrasive particle flow circulating assembly and a sealing device 1, wherein the sliding guide rail clamping assembly, the workpiece clamping assembly and the abrasive particle flow circulating assembly are all installed inside the sealing device 1, a nitrogen vent 24 and a nitrogen exhaust opening 7 are formed in the sealing device 1, the nitrogen vent 24 on the sealing device 1 is connected with an external nitrogen generating device, and the nitrogen exhaust opening 7 on the sealing device 1 is connected with an external air exhaust device.
Sliding guide clamping components includes driving motor 9, horizontal straight line module 12, shaft coupling 11, motor cabinet 8 and fly leaf 14, horizontal straight line module 12 horizontal installation is on sealing device 1's bottom plate, and driving motor 9 passes through motor cabinet 8 to be fixed in the one end of horizontal straight line module 12, and driving motor 9's output shaft passes through shaft coupling 11 and connects horizontal straight line module 12, fly leaf 14 is fixed on horizontal straight line module 12's slider, and the slider of driving horizontal straight line module 12 and fly leaf 14 are at horizontal direction linear motion during driving motor 9 moves.
The abrasive particle flow circulation assembly comprises an abrasive particle flow container 23, a water suction pump 4, a first abrasive particle flow circulation pipe 2, a third abrasive particle flow circulation pipe 21 and a heating pipe 5, wherein a water outlet of the water suction pump 4 is connected with a water inlet of the heating pipe 5, a water inlet of the water suction pump 4 is connected with a water outlet of the abrasive particle flow container 23 through the first abrasive particle flow circulation pipe 2, and a water inlet of the first abrasive particle flow circulation pipe 2 is connected with one end of the third abrasive particle flow circulation pipe 21; the top of the abrasive flow container 23 is provided with a container pumping hole 25, and a container inflation hole at the top of the abrasive flow container 23 is communicated with the inside of the sealing device 1.
The workpiece clamping assembly comprises a fixed end bidirectional connecting seat 20, a movable end bidirectional connecting seat 15, a movable end workpiece clamping head 3, a fixed end workpiece clamping head 19 and a fixed base 18, the fixed base 18 is fixed on a bottom plate of the sealing device 1, the movable end bidirectional connecting seat 15 is fixedly arranged on the fixed base 18, and the fixed end bidirectional connecting seat 20 is fixedly arranged on the movable plate 14; one end of the movable end bidirectional connecting seat 15 is connected with the movable end workpiece clamping head 3, and the other end of the movable end bidirectional connecting seat 15 is connected with a water outlet of the heating pipe 5 through a first abrasive flow circulating pipe; one end of the fixed end bidirectional connecting base 20 is connected with the fixed end workpiece clamping head 19, and the other end of the fixed end bidirectional connecting base 20 is connected with the other end of the third abrasive flow circulating pipe 21.
The abrasive particle flow circulation system comprises an abrasive particle flow container 23, a first abrasive particle flow circulation pipe 2, a water suction pump 4, the first abrasive particle flow circulation pipe 2, a heating pipe 5, a movable end bidirectional connecting seat 15, a movable end workpiece clamping head 3, a workpiece to be machined 17, a fixed end workpiece clamping head 19, a fixed end bidirectional connecting seat 20 and a third abrasive particle flow circulation pipe 21, and when the water suction pump 4 works, abrasive particle flows in each component of the abrasive particle flow circulation system in sequence.
The nitrogen generating device is used for introducing nitrogen into the sealing device 1 through the nitrogen vent 24, other gases in the sealing device 1 are gradually pumped out from the nitrogen pumping hole 7 through the pumping device, so that a large amount of nitrogen is filled in the container, the nitrogen generating device is closed, the pumping device is continuously utilized to pump the sealing device 1, the whole sealing device 1 is in a negative pressure state, at the moment, pumping is stopped, the nitrogen pumping hole 7 is closed, and the inside of the sealing device 1 is always kept in the negative pressure state in the whole machining process.
The sealed container is provided with a viewing window 13.
The fixed end bidirectional connecting base 20 is connected with one end of the fixed end workpiece clamping head 19 and one end of the third abrasive flow circulating pipe 21 through threads and is sealed through a sealing ring.
The movable end bidirectional connecting seat 15 is connected with the heating pipe 5 and the movable end workpiece clamping head 3 through threads and is sealed through a sealing ring.
The fixed end bidirectional connecting base 20 is provided with a left threaded connector and a right threaded connector, one end of the third abrasive flow circulating pipe 21 is provided with an internal thread matched with the left threaded connector on the fixed end bidirectional connecting base 20, and the third abrasive flow circulating pipe 21 is matched with the left threaded connector on the fixed end bidirectional connecting base 20 through the internal thread and is fixedly connected with the fixed end bidirectional connecting base 20; the two-way connecting seat 15 of expansion end is provided with left side screwed joint and right side screwed joint, and the one end of heating pipe 5 is provided with the internal thread with the right side screwed joint matched with on the two-way connecting seat 15 of expansion end, and heating pipe 5 passes through the right side screwed joint cooperation on internal thread and the two-way connecting seat 15 of expansion end and is fixed connection with two-way connecting seat 15 of expansion end.
As shown in fig. 4-6, the expansion end workpiece clamping head 3 and the fixed end workpiece clamping head 19 both include a cylindrical fixed end and an installation end for installing a workpiece, a left threaded joint matched internal thread on the fixed end bidirectional connection seat 20 is provided on the fixed end of the expansion end workpiece clamping head 3, the fixed end of the expansion end workpiece clamping head 3 is fixedly connected with the fixed end bidirectional connection seat 20 through the matching of the internal thread and the left threaded joint on the fixed end bidirectional connection seat 20, a right threaded joint matched internal thread on the expansion end bidirectional connection seat 15 is provided on the fixed end of the fixed end workpiece clamping head 19, and the fixed end of the fixed end workpiece clamping head 19 is fixedly connected with the expansion end bidirectional connection seat 15 through the matching of the internal thread and the right threaded joint.
The installation end of expansion end work piece holding head 3 and stiff end work piece holding head 19 adopts the profile modeling design, to the different profile modeling end of different work piece design, not only can design into circular, triangle-shaped, square also can design into other arbitrary profile modeling shapes according to the shape at waiting to process work piece both ends, only need guarantee to install the back sealed can, make the both ends of waiting to process work piece 17 respectively with the installation end sealing connection of expansion end work piece holding head 3 and stiff end work piece holding head 19.
A through hole polishing method for polishing a through hole by using negative pressure based on a through hole polishing device for polishing a through hole by using negative pressure specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing one end of a workpiece 17 to be processed in a fixed-end workpiece clamping head 19, starting a driving motor 9, driving the whole body consisting of a sliding block of a horizontal linear module 12 and a movable plate 14 to move along a straight line through a coupler 11, enabling a movable-end workpiece clamping head 3 to gradually approach the other end of the workpiece 17 to be processed until the workpiece 17 to be processed is clamped between the movable-end workpiece clamping head 3 and the fixed-end workpiece clamping head 19, completely sealing two ends of the workpiece 17 to be processed with the movable-end workpiece clamping head 3 and the fixed-end workpiece clamping head 19, stopping the driving motor 9 at the moment, and respectively communicating two ends of a bent inner hole on the workpiece 17 to be processed with the movable-end workpiece clamping head 3 and the fixed-end workpiece clamping head 19;
step two: injecting the abrasive flow into the abrasive flow container 23, wherein the liquid level of the abrasive flow in the abrasive flow container 23 is higher than the height of the water outlet of the abrasive flow container 23 and lower than the height of the water inlet of the abrasive flow container 23;
step three: opening the external nitrogen generating device, filling nitrogen into the whole sealing device 1 by using the nitrogen vent 24, opening the external air extracting device, and extracting air in the sealing device 1 by using the nitrogen extracting port 7 until the sealing device 1 is filled with a large amount of nitrogen;
step four: closing the nitrogen generating device, continuing to perform air extraction on the sealing device 1 by using the air extraction device to enable the whole sealing device 1 to be in a negative pressure state, closing the nitrogen air extraction opening 7 and the air extraction device when the negative pressure value of the sealing device 1 reaches a certain degree, stopping air extraction of the sealing device 1 and enabling the sealing device 1 to be in the negative pressure state; because the upper end of the abrasive flow container 23 is provided with a container inflation inlet communicated with the sealing device 1, the interior of the abrasive flow container 23 is also in a negative pressure state;
step five: turning on a water suction pump 4, pumping out the abrasive flow in an abrasive flow container 23 by the water suction pump 4 through a first abrasive flow circulation pipe 2, enabling the abrasive flow to sequentially pass through the first abrasive flow circulation pipe 2, a heating pipe 5, a movable end bidirectional connecting base 15, a movable end workpiece clamping head 3, a workpiece to be machined 17, a fixed end workpiece clamping head 19, a fixed end bidirectional connecting base 20 and a third abrasive flow circulation pipe 21 and return to the abrasive flow container 23, and keeping the abrasive flow flowing in the whole abrasive flow circulation system under the condition that the water suction pump 4 is always kept on;
step six: the heating pipe 5 is opened, the heating device in the heating pipe 5 is utilized to heat the abrasive particle flow flowing through the heating pipe 5, the abrasive particle flow starts to be gasified in the negative pressure heating environment, so that only the abrasive particle flow with solid phase and liquid phase originally existing is converted into a solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixed state, the abrasive particle flow with the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixed state continuously flows through the bent inner hole of the workpiece 17 to be processed, and the processing of the bent inner hole of the workpiece 17 to be processed is realized until the whole workpiece 17 to be processed is processed.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, so long as the technical solutions can be realized on the basis of the above embodiments without creative efforts, which should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an utilize negative pressure to carry out through-hole burnishing device of through-hole polishing which characterized in that: the grinding wheel comprises a sliding guide rail clamping assembly, a workpiece clamping assembly, an abrasive flow circulating assembly and a sealing device (1), wherein the sliding guide rail clamping assembly, the workpiece clamping assembly and the abrasive flow circulating assembly are all installed inside the sealing device (1), a nitrogen vent (24) and a nitrogen exhaust port (7) are formed in the sealing device (1), the nitrogen vent (24) in the sealing device (1) is connected with an external nitrogen generating device, and the nitrogen exhaust port (7) in the sealing device (1) is connected with an external air exhaust device;
the sliding guide rail clamping assembly comprises a driving motor (9), a horizontal linear module (12), a coupler (11), a motor base (8) and a movable plate (14), the horizontal linear module (12) is horizontally installed on a bottom plate of the sealing device (1), the driving motor (9) is fixed at one end of the horizontal linear module (12) through the motor base (8), an output shaft of the driving motor (9) is connected with the horizontal linear module (12) through the coupler (11), the movable plate (14) is fixed on a sliding block of the horizontal linear module (12), and the sliding block of the horizontal linear module (12) and the movable plate (14) are driven to linearly move in the horizontal direction when the driving motor (9) moves;
the abrasive particle flow circulation assembly comprises an abrasive particle flow container (23), a water suction pump (4), a first abrasive particle flow circulation pipe (2), a third abrasive particle flow circulation pipe (21) and a heating pipe (5), wherein a water outlet of the water suction pump (4) is connected with a water inlet of the heating pipe (5), a water inlet of the water suction pump (4) is connected with a water outlet of the abrasive particle flow container (23) through the first abrasive particle flow circulation pipe (2), and a water inlet of the first abrasive particle flow circulation pipe (2) is connected with one end of the third abrasive particle flow circulation pipe (21); a container pumping hole (25) is formed in the top of the abrasive particle flow container (23), and a container inflation hole in the top of the abrasive particle flow container (23) is communicated with the inside of the sealing device (1);
the workpiece clamping assembly comprises a fixed end bidirectional connecting seat (20), a movable end bidirectional connecting seat (15), a movable end workpiece clamping head (3), a fixed end workpiece clamping head (19) and a fixed base (18), the fixed base (18) is fixed on a bottom plate of the sealing device (1), the movable end bidirectional connecting seat (15) is fixedly installed on the fixed base (18), and the fixed end bidirectional connecting seat (20) is fixedly installed on the movable plate (14); one end of the movable end bidirectional connecting seat (15) is connected with the movable end workpiece clamping head (3), and the other end of the movable end bidirectional connecting seat (15) is connected with a water outlet of the heating pipe (5) through a first abrasive flow circulating pipe; one end of the fixed end bidirectional connecting base (20) is connected with the fixed end workpiece clamping head (19), and the other end of the fixed end bidirectional connecting base (20) is connected with the other end of the third abrasive flow circulating pipe (21).
2. A through-hole polishing apparatus for through-hole polishing by using negative pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the abrasive particle flow circulation system is characterized in that the abrasive particle flow container (23), the first abrasive particle flow circulation pipe (2), the water suction pump (4), the first abrasive particle flow circulation pipe (2), the heating pipe (5), the movable end bidirectional connecting seat (15), the movable end workpiece clamping head (3), the workpiece to be processed (17), the fixed end workpiece clamping head (19), the fixed end bidirectional connecting seat (20) and the third abrasive particle flow circulation pipe (21) jointly form the whole abrasive particle flow circulation system, and when the water suction pump (4) works, abrasive particle flow sequentially flows in all component parts of the abrasive particle flow circulation system.
3. A through-hole polishing apparatus for through-hole polishing by using negative pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nitrogen generating device is used for introducing nitrogen into the sealing device (1) through the nitrogen vent (24), other gases in the sealing device (1) are gradually pumped out from the nitrogen pumping hole (7) through the air pumping device, the container is filled with a large amount of nitrogen, the nitrogen generating device is closed, the air pumping device is continuously utilized to pump the sealing device (1), the whole sealing device (1) is in a negative pressure state, at the moment, air pumping is stopped, the nitrogen pumping hole (7) is closed, and the inside of the sealing device (1) is always kept in the negative pressure state in the whole machining process.
4. A through-hole polishing apparatus for through-hole polishing by using negative pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: an observation window (13) is arranged on the sealed container.
5. A through-hole polishing apparatus for through-hole polishing by using negative pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed end bidirectional connecting seat (20), the fixed end workpiece clamping head (19) and one end of the third abrasive flow circulating pipe (21) are connected through threads and sealed through sealing rings.
6. A through-hole polishing apparatus for through-hole polishing by using negative pressure according to claim 5, characterized in that: the movable end bidirectional connecting seat (15) is connected with the heating pipe (5) and the movable end workpiece clamping head (3) through threads and is sealed through a sealing ring.
7. A through-hole polishing apparatus for through-hole polishing by using negative pressure according to claim 6, characterized in that: the fixed end bidirectional connecting base (20) is provided with a left threaded connector and a right threaded connector, one end of the third abrasive flow circulating pipe (21) is provided with an internal thread matched with the left threaded connector on the fixed end bidirectional connecting base (20), and the third abrasive flow circulating pipe (21) is matched with the left threaded connector on the fixed end bidirectional connecting base (20) through the internal thread and is fixedly connected with the fixed end bidirectional connecting base (20); the bidirectional movable end connecting seat (15) is provided with a left threaded connector and a right threaded connector, one end of the heating pipe (5) is provided with an internal thread matched with the right threaded connector on the bidirectional movable end connecting seat (15), and the heating pipe (5) is fixedly connected with the bidirectional movable end connecting seat (15) through the matching of the internal thread and the right threaded connector on the bidirectional movable end connecting seat (15).
8. A through-hole polishing apparatus for through-hole polishing by using negative pressure according to claim 7, characterized in that: the utility model discloses a two-way connection structure of expansion end, including expansion end work piece holding head (3) and stiff end work piece holding head (19), the installation end that all includes cylindric stiff end and be used for installing the work piece, be provided with on the stiff end of expansion end work piece holding head (3) with the left side screwed joint matched with internal thread on stiff end two-way connection seat (20), the stiff end of expansion end work piece holding head (3) passes through the left side screwed joint's on internal thread and the stiff end two-way connection seat (20) cooperation and stiff end two-way connection seat (20) fixed connection, be provided with on the stiff end of stiff end work piece holding head (19) with the right side screwed joint matched with internal thread on expansion end two-way connection seat (15), the stiff end of stiff end work piece holding head (19) passes through the cooperation and the.
9. A through-hole polishing apparatus for through-hole polishing by using negative pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the installation ends of the movable end workpiece clamping head (3) and the fixed end workpiece clamping head (19) adopt a copying design, different copying ends are designed for different workpieces, and two ends of a workpiece (17) to be processed are respectively in sealing connection with the installation ends of the movable end workpiece clamping head (3) and the fixed end workpiece clamping head (19).
10. A through-hole polishing method for through-hole polishing by negative pressure of a through-hole polishing apparatus for through-hole polishing by negative pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing one end of a workpiece (17) to be machined in a fixed end workpiece clamping head (19), starting a driving motor (9), driving a whole body consisting of a sliding block and a movable plate (14) of a horizontal linear module (12) to move along a straight line through a coupler (11), enabling a movable end workpiece clamping head (3) to gradually approach the other end of the workpiece (17) to be machined until the workpiece (17) to be machined is clamped between the movable end workpiece clamping head (3) and the fixed end workpiece clamping head (19), completely sealing the two ends of the workpiece (17) to be machined with the movable end workpiece clamping head (3) and the fixed end workpiece clamping head (19), stopping the driving motor (9), and respectively communicating the two ends of a bent inner hole in the workpiece (17) to be machined with the interiors of the movable end workpiece clamping head (3) and the fixed end workpiece clamping head (19);
step two: injecting the abrasive flow into the abrasive flow container (23), wherein the liquid level of the abrasive flow in the abrasive flow container (23) is higher than the height of the water outlet of the abrasive flow container (23) and lower than the height of the water inlet of the abrasive flow container (23);
step three: opening an external nitrogen generating device, filling nitrogen into the whole sealing device (1) by using a nitrogen vent (24), opening an external air extracting device, and extracting air in the sealing device (1) by using a nitrogen extracting port (7) until the sealing device (1) is filled with a large amount of nitrogen;
step four: closing the nitrogen generating device, continuously utilizing the air extracting device to extract air to the sealing device (1) to enable the whole sealing device (1) to be in a negative pressure state, closing the nitrogen air extracting opening (7) and the air extracting device when the negative pressure value of the sealing device (1) reaches a certain degree, stopping extracting air to the sealing device (1) and enabling the sealing device (1) to be in the negative pressure state; because the upper end of the abrasive particle flow container (23) is provided with a container inflation inlet communicated with the sealing device (1), the interior of the abrasive particle flow container (23) is in a negative pressure state;
step five: the method comprises the following steps that a water suction pump (4) is turned on, abrasive flow in an abrasive flow container (23) is pumped out by the water suction pump (4) through a first abrasive flow circulating pipe (2), the abrasive flow sequentially passes through the first abrasive flow circulating pipe (2), a heating pipe (5), a movable end bidirectional connecting base (15), a movable end workpiece clamping head (3), a workpiece to be processed (17), a fixed end workpiece clamping head (19), a fixed end bidirectional connecting base (20) and a third abrasive flow circulating pipe (21) and returns to the abrasive flow container (23), and the abrasive flow is kept to flow in the whole abrasive flow circulating system under the condition that the water suction pump (4) is always kept open;
step six: the heating pipe (5) is opened, the heating device in the heating pipe (5) is utilized to heat the abrasive particle flow flowing through the heating pipe (5), the abrasive particle flow starts to be gasified in a negative pressure heating environment, so that the abrasive particle flow only having solid and liquid phases originally becomes a solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixed state, the abrasive particle flow in the solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixed state continuously flows through the bent inner hole of the workpiece (17) to be processed, and the processing of the bent inner hole of the workpiece (17) to be processed is realized until the processing of the whole workpiece (17) to be processed is completed.
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