CN110333182A - A kind of weak soil treatment of the earth-Soil Interface friction parameter long range in-situ measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of weak soil treatment of the earth-Soil Interface friction parameter long range in-situ measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110333182A CN110333182A CN201910586333.XA CN201910586333A CN110333182A CN 110333182 A CN110333182 A CN 110333182A CN 201910586333 A CN201910586333 A CN 201910586333A CN 110333182 A CN110333182 A CN 110333182A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the studying technological domains such as ground, geology and environment, provide a kind of weak soil treatment of the earth-Soil Interface friction parameter long range in-situ measuring method, towing gear bottom end is equipped with multiple grooves, friction plate is arranged in groove, friction plate is connect with the tension-compression sensor being installed in groove, it is ensured that the lower surface of friction plate contacts with the soil body and is located in same line of travel；One tension-compression sensor is parallel to the direction of motion, another sensor vertical is in the direction of motion；Friction plate is set to reach the designated depth of soil layer to be measured by adjusting counterweight above towing gear.Using the mentioned method of the present invention, the in-site measurement of the achievable soil body and works interface friction parameter is tested by once pulling, and provides parameter foundation for Soil-structure interaction model research in engineering practice.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the research fields such as ground, geology and environment, are related to a kind of weak soil treatment of the earth-Soil Interface friction
Parameter long range in-situ measuring method.
Background technique
Structure Soil interface friction problem is commonplace in geotechnical engineering, and Structure Soil contact surface is often larger due to generating
Shear stress causes contact surface the noncontinuities metaboly such as partial disengagement, dislocation, sliding occur, seriously affects structural bearing
Energy and stability.Weak soil generally has that natural moisture content is high, natural void ratio is big, compressibility as a kind of unfavorable geology soil body
High, the features such as shearing strength is low, the coefficient of consolidation is small, consolidation time is long, high sensitivity, bad hydraulic permeability, thus to weak soil place into
Row design and construction risk are higher.Friction parameter between structure and soil is the weight of structural bearing capacity calculating and estimation of stability
Want parameter, realize weak soil treatment of the earth-Soil Interface friction parameter rapidly, continuously, accurately measurement be to the important of experimental method
Test, particularly with structures such as submerged pipeline, cables, the complexity of geological environment as locating for it carries out the measurement of friction parameter
It becomes increasingly difficult.
About interface friction problem between soil and structure, domestic and international outer scholar mostly passes through indoor shearing from macroscopic perspective at present
Test carries out interface shearing mechanism study, and foreign study starting is more early, and Potyondy (1961) utilizes improved shear box earliest
Progress interface shearing test, domestic correlative study are started late, and loud, high-pitched sound and Zhang Jianmin (2005) etc. are added using large-scale interface circulation
Carry dullness and circulation shear experimental study that boxshear apparatus has carried out coarse grain dynamic soil-sturcture interaction.Structure Soil interface friction ginseng
Several test methods mainly includes model test and live two kinds of full scale test at present.Model test can be weighed because its is easy to operate
Renaturation is strong, it is considered that is to carry out friction parameter to study most direct, effective mode.But due to model structure size and soil
The ratio between grain partial size is much smaller than original state structure, and dimensional effect limits the reliability of model test to a certain extent, in addition model
Experimental condition is difficult to accurately control, and research achievement is confined to the research of law of regularity mostly at present, and quantitative rule aspect is ground
Study carefully that achievement is less and there are biggish errors relative to site test results.Live full scale test can preferably obtain structure
Interface friction parameter under loading condition in situ, the test method have the measurement of the friction parameter of simple target point
Good applicability.But it for a wide range of engineering ground, can only be faced by more experimental point in situ measurements using this kind of method
Time-consuming, laborious problem, therefore engineering is difficult in practice by widespread adoption.It is asked for the above engineering is existing in practice
Topic can be realized the laterally experimental method for measuring soil with structural interface friction parameter continuous over long distances the invention proposes a kind of,
This method has great importance to the engineering design and estimation of stability that build on weak soil place.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problem that existing experimental method can not achieve lateral long range measurements soil and structural interface friction parameter, this
Invention proposes a kind of weak soil treatment of the earth-Soil Interface friction parameter long range in-situ measuring method, and this method is applicable to lake
The continuous measurement of the soil and structural interface friction parameter of the bottoms such as pool, marsh, river, ocean soft layer.Especially with depth
Extra large petrol resources exploitation is increasing, and the mentioned method of the present invention is relied on to measure ocean soil and structural interface friction parameter,
Design and estimation of stability to job facilities such as submerged pipeline, submarine cables have particularly important meaning.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of weak soil treatment of the earth-Soil Interface friction parameter long range in-situ measuring method, steps are as follows:
Step 1, towing gear bottom end are equipped with multiple grooves, arrange friction plate in groove, friction plate and are installed in groove
Tension-compression sensor connection, it is ensured that the lower surface of friction plate contacts with the soil body and is located in same line of travel；One tension and compression sensing
Device is parallel to the direction of motion, another sensor vertical is in the direction of motion；Make friction plate by adjusting counterweight above towing gear
Designated depth in soil layer to be measured；
Step 2, towing gear are actively or passively transversely at the uniform velocity walked, it is ensured that towing gear friction plate institute in walking
It is constant to locate depth；By the transforming relationship between surveyed tension-compression sensor voltage signal and power, the soil body suffered by friction plate is obtained
Frictional force and normal pressure then obtain the coefficient of friction between friction plate and the soil body；It is same in conjunction with soil layer for cohesive soil
Relationship and disturbed soil between frictional force suffered by the friction plate of position and the friction plate number of its corresponding disturbed soil
The relationship between relative displacement that friction plate number and the soil body occur, it is final to obtain friction plate frictional resistance and accumulate opposite position
Relationship between shifting；For sandy soil, pass through normal pressure suffered by frictional resistance suffered by soil layer same position friction plate and its
Relationship can be obtained the coefficient of friction between friction plate and the soil body, in conjunction with by same position disturbed soil friction plate number with
The relationship between relative displacement that the soil body occurs, the pass between final available friction plate coefficient of friction and accumulation relative displacement
System.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1) soil body and works interface friction parameter are always the weight of the built engineering design in weak soil place and stability analysis
Point and difficult point, using the mentioned method of the present invention, by once pulling the achievable soil body of test and works interface friction parameter
In-site measurement provides parameter foundation for Soil-structure interaction model research in engineering practice.
2) interfacial friction factor attenuation law is most important to project durability and fatigability evaluation.Pass through multiple frictions
The horizontal linear laying of plate and dilatory, in conjunction with friction plate number and the soil body by friction and disturbance be displaced between relationship, can get the soil body
With structural interface friction parameter with the attenuation relation of friction displacement.
3) embedded depth of friction plate can be changed in test by adjusting 4 top counterweight of shuffle structure main body, therefore tested
Depth of penetration can be set according to the present position of practical structures.Meanwhile it can also be according under live actual environment in test
Friction plate is changed with practical structures material, carries out the research of friction parameter in-situ test by structural material.
4) cross of the soil body and structural interface friction parameter and its attenuation law may be implemented in mentioned method according to the present invention
To measurement continuous over long distances, increasing, the proposed method of the support present invention, by surveyed parameter is developed especially as deep-sea oil gas
Design and estimation of stability applied to engineerings such as submerged pipeline, submarine cables are of great significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 proposes experimental rig general illustration by provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is towing gear schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is towing gear side view provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is towing gear main view provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is towing gear bottom end friction plate layout drawing provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is local location friction plate scheme of installation in towing gear bottom end provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 (a) changes schematic diagram based on friction plate vertical pressure sensor institute's measuring pressure to be provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 (b) changes schematic diagram based on friction plate transverse pressure sensor institute's measuring pressure to be provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 (c) obtains coefficient of friction situation of change schematic diagram based on friction plate test by provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 (a) obtains shear stress attenuation relation schematic diagram based on friction plate test by provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 (b) obtains coefficient of friction attenuation relation schematic diagram based on friction plate test by provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1 towboat；2 towing cable terminal devices (cover the equipment such as releasing winch and data acquisition)；3 towing cables (have compared with
High-tensile and can transmission sensor acquire signal)；4 shuffle structure main bodys；5 friction plates；6 towing rollers；7 clump weights；8
Hollow floor；9 rotary screws；10 shuffle structure top plates；11 tension-compression sensors；12 towing cable pull rings.
Wherein shuffle structure main body 4, which can carry out pulling by external equipments such as towboats 1, makes it laterally walk, and can also pass through
Itself configuration dynamical system makes it carry out transverse shifting in actual measurement.Collected sensing in towing gear walking process
Device signal can be directly delivered to measurement towing cable terminal device 2 by towing cable 3, constantly analyze, can also test for testing crew
It is stored in inside towing gear, after the completion of test measurement data is analyzed in advance in the process.
Specific embodiment
To become apparent from the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.Embodiment described herein is this
Invention section embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Usually the description in attached drawing and the present invention shown are implemented here
The component of example can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations.
Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the following drawings is not intended to limit claimed
The scope of the present invention, and be only to indicate selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, art technology
Personnel's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain item
It is defined in an attached drawing, does not then need that it is further defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing.
The positional relationship of the instructions such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" in present invention description is side based on the figure
Position and the positional relationship invention product using when the orientation or positional relationship or art technology usually put
The orientation or positional relationship that personnel usually understand, the description being merely for convenience of in the present embodiment, rather than indication or suggestion institute
The equipment and element of finger must have a particular orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, " first ", " second " appeared in the present invention ..., the sequentialities word such as " the tenth ", be only convenient for
Description, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
Embodiment
The present embodiment is a kind of weak soil treatment of the earth-Soil Interface friction parameter long range in-situ measuring method, the present embodiment
The experimental method of offer is simple and can be realized continuously laterally long range soil and the measurement of structural interface friction parameter, can be used to
Serve the isostructural design of underwater line, cable and construction.
Referring to Fig. 1, towing gear provided in this embodiment can be joined by laterally pulling completion soil with structural interface friction
The continuous measurement of number.Towing gear includes shuffle structure main body 4, friction plate 5, towing roller 6, counterweight 7, hollow floor 8, rotation
Screw 9, shuffle structure top plate 10, tension-compression sensor 11 and towing cable pull ring 12.Friction plate 5 respectively be installed on towing gear bottom
Transverse direction in portion's groove is connected with the tension-compression sensor 11 vertically laid.All friction plates 5 use identical material, are connected with drawing
The friction plate 5 of pressure sensor 11 and the friction plate 5 of tension-compression sensor 11 are spaced and install.
In conjunction with attached drawing and technical solution, the present embodiment key step is as follows:
First, assemble towing gear
Refering to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, towing roller 6 is installed on 4 two sides of shuffle structure main body, to guarantee that towing gear is moving
Middle holding is stablized；Before test, adjustment idler wheel 6 makes it that friction plate 5 be allowed to can reach soil depth to be measured, 6 rotary screw of fixed idler whell
9；Hollow 8 bottom end of floor is connected with 15 friction plates 5 altogether, and 5 material therefor of friction plate is set according to actual requirement of engineering, can
For concrete slab or rigid plate etc..Friction plate 5 is longitudinally uniformly distributed in hollow 8 bottom end of floor, wherein 8 are connected with tension and compression sensing
Device 11, in addition 7 are attached directly to hollow 8 bottom surface of floor.To the friction plate 5 for being connected with sensor, respectively with lateral and vertical cloth
If tension-compression sensor 11 be connected, 5 length of friction plate be 10cm, width 5cm.
Second, equipment performance detects and debugging
After friction plate 5 and its corresponding tension-compression sensor 11 connect, by differentiated friction plate 5 carry out tension and compression come
Verify the sensitivity and validity of the auxiliary facilities such as friction plate 5, transmission cable 3 and towing cable terminal device 2.By dragging in test
The acquisition of the progress data of cable terminal device 2.After equipment detects complete no problem, prepare to test in next step.
Third, adjustment top plate top counterweight 7, to make depth to be measured in friction plate 5 to soil layer
Since the sedimentary age of the different depth soil body is different, frictional property possessed by the soil body also has significantly different.
By taking submerged pipeline as an example, it is normally at 0~1.0m of native surface or less.Therefore it needs before the test actually located according to object construction
Position adjusts the size of 10 top counterweight 7 of top plate, and friction plate 5 is made to sink to designated position.
4th, towing gear is thrown to soil layer surface to be measured
By assembled shuffle structure main body 4 by gantry crane or other hanging devices it is slow under be put in soil layer surface, under
Lowering velocity is controlled during putting, and the biggish inertia force of towing gear landing instant is avoided to damage equipment.Decentralization extremely refers to
Positioning postpones, and continues to transfer towing cable 3 and makes towboat low-speed forward, and control 3 length of towing cable keeps its angle between mud face enough
Small (within general 30 °).After towing cable reaches specified angle, towing cable terminal device 2 is opened and checked, after equipment inspection is errorless,
Data acquisition equipment is formally opened.
5th, the lateral of towing gear pulls
Test preparation it is ready after, shuffle structure main body 4 is dragged along assigned direction using towboat 1, it is stringent in dragging
Towboat speed and direction are controlled, guarantee towboat as far as possible is constantly observed, analyzed and protected to the data of acquisition at the uniform velocity to advance
It deposits.
6th, the recycling of equipment
It is completed wait test, towboat 1 is slowly fallen back and take-up simultaneously, is lifted up towing gear, is recycled to towboat deck
Afterwards, the inspection and storage of equipment are carried out.
7th, the processing of measurement data
1) sandy soil friction parameter
For sandy soil, coefficient of friction is as the primary friction parameter between soil and structural interface.Rubbing between soil and structure
Coefficient is wiped to obtain by the pressure and frictional resistance of measurement towing gear bottom end friction plate 5.During towing, suffered by friction plate 5
The vertical pressure arrived is obtained by vertical tension-compression sensor 11, vertical pressure situation of change such as Fig. 7 suffered by friction plate 5 in test
(a) shown in；Side-friction suffered by friction plate 5 is obtained according to 11 measurement result of tension-compression sensor that it is laterally laid, in test
Shown in side-friction such as Fig. 7 (b).According to Coulomb friction criterion, coefficient of friction can be calculate by the following formula:
Wherein: FfFor side-friction suffered by friction plate 5 during towing, N；FNIt is friction plate 5 during towing
Suffered vertical pressure, N.Shown in coefficient of friction situation of change such as Fig. 7 (c) that differentiated friction plate 5 is surveyed during towing.
After n friction plate rubbing action, the accumulation friction displacement that the soil body is occurred is
S(n)=nL
Wherein: L is the length of single friction plate, m.
The coefficient of friction of the same position soil body are as follows:
Wherein: Ff,nFor frictional force suffered by the low n friction plate 5 in analysis position, N；FN,nFor the low n friction in analysis position
Vertical pressure suffered by plate 5, N；In conjunction with the accumulation friction displacement occurred between differentiated friction plate 5 and the soil body, friction is obtained after test
Shown in the attenuation relation such as Fig. 8 (b) of coefficient with friction displacement.
2) cohesive soil friction parameter
Since the same position soil body can be by the friction of multiple friction plates 5 along direction of motion dragging process in towing gear
Effect, and differentiated friction plate 5 is different to soil disturbance situation, therefore frictional resistance suffered by friction plate 5 can have apparent difference.
In test, the same position soil body (such as Fig. 7 position X), shear stress suffered by n-th of friction plate 5 is calculated as follows:
Wherein: W is the width of single friction plate, m.
By calculating above, the decaying of the soil and structural interface friction parameter (shear stress) of sticky soil material can be obtained
Rule, as shown in Fig. 8 (a).
The above is only preferred embodiments of the invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
For, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All any modifications within the ideas and principles of the present invention, made, etc.
With replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of weak soil treatment of the earth-Soil Interface friction parameter long range in-situ measuring method, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
Step 1, towing gear bottom end are equipped with multiple grooves, arrange friction plate, friction plate and the drawing being installed in groove in groove
Pressure sensor connection, it is ensured that the lower surface of friction plate contacts with the soil body and is located in same line of travel；One tension-compression sensor is flat
Row is in the direction of motion, another sensor vertical is in the direction of motion；Friction plate is reached by adjusting counterweight above towing gear
The designated depth of soil layer to be measured；
Step 2, towing gear are actively or passively transversely at the uniform velocity walked, it is ensured that towing gear depth locating for friction plate in walking
It is constant；By the transforming relationship between surveyed tension-compression sensor voltage signal and power, the frictional force of the soil body suffered by friction plate is obtained
And normal pressure, then obtain the coefficient of friction between friction plate and the soil body；For cohesive soil, in conjunction with by soil layer same position
Relationship and disturbed soil friction plate between frictional force suffered by friction plate and the friction plate number of its corresponding disturbed soil
The relationship between relative displacement that number and the soil body occur, it is final to obtain between friction plate frictional resistance and accumulation relative displacement
Relationship；Sandy soil is obtained by the relationship of normal pressure suffered by frictional resistance suffered by soil layer same position friction plate and its
The coefficient of friction between friction plate and the soil body is obtained, in conjunction with the phase occurred by same position disturbed soil friction plate number with the soil body
It is final to obtain friction plate coefficient of friction and accumulate the relationship between relative displacement to the relationship between displacement.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111610144A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-01 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Gravity type structural stability test bottom friction coefficient calibration system |
| WO2021000342A1 (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-07 | 大连理工大学 | Apparatus for continuously measuring soil parameters of large-scale soft soil site |
| CN115078694A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-20 | 大连理工大学 | Rotary type soil and structure interface mechanical property test device and method |
| CN115078695A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-20 | 大连理工大学 | Vertical continuous penetration type interface mechanical property test device and method thereof |
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| CN115078695A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-20 | 大连理工大学 | Vertical continuous penetration type interface mechanical property test device and method thereof |
| CN115078694B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2023-11-24 | 大连理工大学 | Rotary soil and structure interface mechanical property test device and method |
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