CN110234521A - 车轮悬架 - Google Patents
车轮悬架 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110234521A CN110234521A CN201880004116.9A CN201880004116A CN110234521A CN 110234521 A CN110234521 A CN 110234521A CN 201880004116 A CN201880004116 A CN 201880004116A CN 110234521 A CN110234521 A CN 110234521A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
- B62D7/08—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in a single plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
- B62D7/12—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in a single plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle with twin-output steering gear
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
- B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
- B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
- B60G15/067—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit
- B60G15/068—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit specially adapted for MacPherson strut-type suspension
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
- B60G3/02—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm
- B60G3/04—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm the arm being essentially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
- B60G3/06—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm the arm being essentially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle the arm being rigid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
- B60G3/18—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
- B60G3/20—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
- B60G7/001—Suspension arms, e.g. constructional features
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
- B60G7/006—Attaching arms to sprung or unsprung part of vehicle, characterised by comprising attachment means controlled by an external actuator, e.g. a fluid or electrical motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0418—Electric motor acting on road wheel carriers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
- B62D7/08—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in a single plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
- B62D7/14—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
- B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
- B60G2200/142—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with a single lateral arm, e.g. MacPherson type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
- B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
- B60G2200/142—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with a single lateral arm, e.g. MacPherson type
- B60G2200/1422—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with a single lateral arm, e.g. MacPherson type the lateral arm being resilient
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
- B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
- B60G2200/144—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with two lateral arms forming a parallelogram
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
- B60G2200/44—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions steerable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/14—Mounting of suspension arms
- B60G2204/148—Mounting of suspension arms on the unsprung part of the vehicle, e.g. wheel knuckle or rigid axle
- B60G2204/1484—Mounting of suspension arms on the unsprung part of the vehicle, e.g. wheel knuckle or rigid axle on an intermediate upright strut upon which the stub axle is pivoted
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/422—Links for mounting suspension elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/50—Constructional features of wheel supports or knuckles, e.g. steering knuckles, spindle attachments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
- B60G2500/40—Steering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种车轮悬架、尤其用于车辆行驶机构的车轮悬架,该车轮悬架具有承载轮(10)的转向节(14,46,66),该转向节具有用于所述车轮(10)的第一转向轴线(16,52,64),其中,所述第一转向轴线(16,52,64)允许在预给定范围内的轮偏转,并且该车轮悬架具有用于将所述转向节(14,46,66)和承载结构(38,38’)连接的部件(18,20,22;40,42,44;48,56;56,74)。为了能够实现90°和更大的转向角,根据本发明提出,所述部件(18,20,22;40,42,44;48,56;56,74)中的至少一个部件具有选择地可释放的第二转向轴线(30,60,70),以便产生与由所述第一转向轴线(16,52,64)限定的车轮偏转不同的车轮偏转。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车轮悬架、尤其用于车辆行驶机构的车轮悬架,该车轮悬架具有承载车轮的转向节,该转向节具有用于车轮的第一转向轴线,其中,第一转向轴线允许在预给定范围内的车轮偏转,并且该车轮悬架具有用于将转向节与承载结构连接的部件。
背景技术
目前在车辆技术中主要使用标准行驶机构,所述标准行驶机构在其独特的几何形状上依据对应车辆型号的特定规格要求。
乘用车/商用车的已知车轮悬架例如是:
-麦弗逊式车轮悬架,其具有附加横向连杆的使车轮导向的弹簧支柱
-双横向连杆(也称双叉臂)作为大底座或小底座
-多连杆轴
-组合式连杆轴或耦合式连杆轴
-纵向连杆/斜向连杆/和刚性轴
通常仅一个轴、即前轴被转向;而后轴实施为部分地携同转向,但是在实践中很少被使用。能够实现与前轴类似大转向角的主动转向式后轴仅能够在个别的特殊解决方案中找到却不能在大批量生产中找到。在前轴处的最大可能转向角受所选择的车轮悬架的几何形状限制。
已知车轮悬架的受限转向角的缺点例如在于,平行于道路进行泊车的车辆需要较大的停车空位以进行调度,因此不能优化地充分利用越来越受限地存在的泊车空间。此外,由于在大多数情况下需要倒车泊车,因此会妨碍交通或使流动的交通停止。车辆也不能原地转动。根据车辆类别而定,转弯半径在9至13米之间。
发明内容
由此出发,本发明的任务在于,减少对于车辆所需的泊车空间并且能够通过合适的底盘几何形状实现横向且对流动交通妨碍仅很少的、在很大程度上精确、节省地方和自动化的泊车。
为了解决该任务,提出一种在权利要求1中给出的特征组合。本发明的有利构型和扩展方案由从属权利要求得到。
根据本发明的解决方案的基本思想在于,通过将附加的第二转动轴线集成到转向节的转动支承件与车轮悬架在车辆或运输工具上的附接部之间的传统的、可转向的车轮悬架中,使车轮单独的转向偏转在左侧和右侧相同地增大到90°(或更大)。因此,根据本发明提出,所述部件中的至少一个部件具有选择式地可释放的第二转向轴线,以便产生与由第一转向轴线限定的车轮偏转不同的车轮偏转。
即使下面根据一种车辆行驶机构描述本发明,本发明的应用领域也不限于此。除了在车辆技术中的使用以外,也可以在任何其它的移动应用中实现该解决方案。例如可以考虑一般性地在运输货物或人员方面的使用。在此尤其应以商用车和用于残疾人的运输工具或用于在特殊环境例如仓储空间中的物流车辆为例。车辆可以被用在室内并且构造有作为灵活的起重吊车、叉车、传送带运输车(车体在所述车辆上被运输)和类似装置的特殊上部结构(Aufbauten)。
在车辆的纯行驶运行中,车辆的引导传统上通过配属于转向节的外部转向轴线的细微转动运动(在两个方向上约40°的转向偏转)进行。为了在较低的速度情况下进行泊车或横向行驶,内置的、即车身侧的第二转向轴线从行驶位态解锁并且通过两个轴的转动角度的叠加使总转向偏转增大至横向于车辆纵向方向的轮转偏转。
这种车轮悬架既可以仅被使用在前轴上又可以同时被使用在所有其它车轴上(全轮转向)。通过内置的第二转向轴线实现的转向操控既可以在单个的车轮悬架上实现(通过相应的促动器进行单车轮转向),又可以通过将一个轴的两个车轮耦合并且仅被一个促动器驱动的转向运动机构来实现。
通过附加的内转向轴线在两个方向上能够实现直至90°或更大的转向偏转,这提供以下两个主要优点:
-主销偏距(Lenkrollradius)(车轮接地点到转向轴线向外与行车道的理论交点的距离)可以设计得很小或设计为零;在行驶运行中驱动或制动力矩对转向的影响变得非常小。
-通过合适地选择第二内转向轴线的位置,车轮平行于横向连杆在尽可能小的空间上转动到车轮罩中;不必增大轮缘开口,这可以得到节省空间的布置并且保留更多的设计自由度。
除传统的可转向的轴(例如多连杆、双横向连杆、麦弗逊式弹簧支柱/摆动轴、纵向连杆轴)以外,在本发明的构型中,在转向节的转动支承件与车轮悬架在车辆或运输工具上的附接部之间还安装有具有六个自由度的另一铰链(例如承载铰链)并且因此将横向连杆分开成一个短的外横向连杆和一个长的内横向连杆。外部的第一转向轴线的支承件被纯转动支承件(例如圆锥滚子轴承)代替。除绕着内部的第二转向轴线的转动以外,在短横向连杆和长横向连杆之间的支承件还承担能够实现车轮悬架的弹簧装置的任务,并因此必须配有六个自由度。
在双横向连杆轴情况下的实现方案通过以下方式进行:短的上横向连杆和下横向连杆一件式实施或者通过连接件耦合为一体。弹簧减振器单元可转动地被支承在长的内横向连杆上并且直接支撑在车身上。
在麦弗逊式弹簧支柱情况下的实现方案类似于双横向连杆轴来进行,其中,仅下横向连杆被分开。内部的第二转向轴线的顶点是弹簧支柱在车身上的铰接点。
在本发明的一个优选构型中,在转向节上布置有用于使车轮绕着第一转向轴线转动的促动器。该促动器可以构造为电动机或构造为液压或气动机组。从而能够避免借助传统转向传动装置在机械上非常费事地传递转向指令。
在本发明的第一构型中,用于将转向节与承载结构连接的部件可以构造为双横向连杆轴。然后,有利地设置有用于转向节的支架,该支架可绕着第二转向轴线枢转地布置在双横向连杆轴的上横向连杆和下横向连杆上。替代地,在双横向连杆轴的上横向连杆和下横向连杆的承载结构侧端部区域处布置有可绕第二转向轴线枢转的、用于该横向连杆的承载管。
在本发明的一个替代构型中,用于将转向节与承载结构连接的部件构造为麦弗逊式轴。
因为第二转向轴线优选不应该被用于在较高速度情况下的正常行驶运行中,所以该第二转向轴线符合目的地具有能被机械式、电气式、液压式或气动式的操纵机构释放的锁止机构。
因为在根据本发明的车轮悬架情况下驱动力传递到车轮上在机械上也是非常费事的,所以优选在车轮上布置有轮毂马达作为驱动器。
在另一构型中,根据本发明的车轮悬架允许附加或替代的功能和应用:
-省去内轴上的转向促动器:省去短的上横向连杆。通过锁止和打开下方的中间铰链,可以仅通过车轮驱动器实现用于行驶的附加所需的90°转向角度。
-减小轮距:通过两个转向轴线的大小相同但方向相反的转向偏转(外轴向左偏转40°,内轴向右偏转40°)来抵消转向效果;轮距减小。
-冗余的制动器/紧急制动:在一些情况下可以省去附加的机械制动器,或者可以通过转向装置来补偿制动器失效。通过轮毂马达(能量回收制动器)进行行车制动;附加地通过调整车轮前束来辅助紧急制动。或者在制动器失效时通过方向相反的车轮转向产生制动力矩。
-在内转动轴的支承件上测量力和力矩并且推断出在车轮上的力和力矩。然后借助分析评估电子装置求取运行情况、负载分布、地面特性、轮胎特征数据和摩擦系数作为相关的车辆特征值。
附图说明
下面根据在附图中示意性示出的实施例详细阐述本发明。附图示出:
图1在立体视图中具有双横向连杆的车轮悬架的第一实施例;
图2在转动90°的立体视图中根据图1的车轮悬架;
图3至5在俯视图中根据图1的车轮悬架;
图6根据图1的车轮悬架的示意性侧视图;
图7至图9具有双横向连杆的车轮悬架的替代实施方式的俯视图;
图10根据图7至9的车轮悬架的示意性侧视图;
图11麦弗逊式车轮悬架的示意性侧视图;和
图12替代的麦弗逊式车轮悬架的示意性侧视图。
具体实施方式
在图1和2中所示的车轮悬架基本上包括:具有构造为轮毂马达的车轮支架12的车轮10;具有第一转向轴线16并且承载车轮的转向节14(图6);用于转向节16的支架18;上三角形横向连杆20;下三角形横向连杆22;布置在转向节16上的促动器24,该促动器用于使车轮10绕着第一转向轴线16转向,在转向节16与支架18之间布置在上方和下方的圆锥滚子轴承26,26’;用于使支架18绕着第二转向轴线30转动的连杆28(图6);弹簧阻尼器单元32;用于在行驶运行中锁止第二转向轴线30的锁止机构34;以及在支架18与三角形横向连杆20,22之间布置在上方和下方的支承轴承36,36’(图6)。车辆底盘象征性地通过横撑38,38’表示,上三角形横向连杆和下三角形横向连杆20,22可枢转地固定在所述横撑上。在图1和2中,车轮10既绕着第一转向轴线16转动又绕着第二转向轴线30转动,使得实现了关于车辆纵向方向约90°的总转向角度。如果所有存在的车轮这样转向,那么例如可以横向于道路地移动车辆以进行泊车。
图3示出车轮10处于径直地指向行驶方向的位态中。图4示出例如在弯道行驶时具有绕着第一转向轴线16约40°最大转向偏转的车轮10。第二转向轴线30在此被锁止。图5示出关于车辆纵轴线偏转约90°的车轮10。第二转向轴线30在此被解锁,并且其转动角度与第一转向轴线16的转动角度叠加。
图7至图9示出双横向连杆轴的一个变型方案的俯视图,在该变型方案中,代替用于转向节14的支架18(图1至6),布置在上横向连杆和下横向连杆42,44的底盘侧端部上的承载管40包含第二转向轴线30。图7至9分别相应于第一变型方案的图3至5。在图7中,车轮10径直地指向行驶方向,在图8中,车轮10绕着第一转向轴线16枢转,而在图9中,车轮10既绕着第一转向轴线16枢转又绕着第二转向轴线30枢转并且与车辆纵轴线成大约90°的角度。
图10示出在图7至9中所示的、相应于图6的变型方案的示意性侧视图。在此,相同部分设有相同的附图标记。在此,区别基本上在于,使用了承载管40作为用于上横向连杆和下横向连杆42,44的支架。第二转向轴线30靠近车辆底盘地穿过承载管40延伸。只要没有妨碍的车辆构件碍事,那么该变型方案理论上允许车轮10转向360°。
图11在相应于图6和10的示意性侧视图中示出麦弗逊式车轮悬架的第一变型方案。该车轮悬架基本上包括具有车轮支架12的车轮10、转向节46、下横向连杆48、用于使车轮10绕着第一转向轴线52转动的促动器50,作为下方中间件的短连杆54、弹簧阻尼器单元56、用于锁止第二转向轴线60的锁止机构58以及用于使车轮10绕着第二转向轴线60转动的连杆62。
图12在相应于图6,10和11的示意性侧视图中示出麦弗逊式车轮悬架的第二变型方案。在此,第一转向轴线64穿过布置在转向节66上的承载管68延伸。第二转向轴线70穿过弹簧阻尼器单元56的上铰接件并穿过下横向连杆74的支承轴承72延伸。第二转向轴线可以被锁止机构76锁止。通过线性促动器78实现车轮10绕着第一转向轴线64的转向。第二转向轴线70通过上连杆80铰接。
总之,应当确定以下内容:本发明涉及一种车轮悬架、尤其用于车辆行驶机构的车轮悬架,该车轮悬架具有承载车轮10的转向节14,46,66,所述转向节具有用于车轮10的第一转向轴线16,52,64,其中,第一转向轴线16,52,64允许预给定范围内的车轮偏转,并且该车轮悬架具有用于将转向节14,16,66与承载结构38,38’连接的部件20,22;40,42,44;48,56;56,74。为了能够实现90°或更大的转向角度,根据本发明提出,这些部件18,20,22;40,42,44;48,56;56,74中的至少一个部件具有选择式地可释放的第二转向轴线30,60,70,以便产生与由第一转向轴线16,52,64限定的车轮偏转不同的车轮偏转。
Claims (9)
1.一种车轮悬架、尤其用于车辆行驶机构的车轮悬架,具有:承载车轮(10)的转向节(14,46,66),该转向节具有用于所述车轮(10)的第一转向轴线(16,52,64),其中,所述第一转向轴线(16,52,64)允许在预给定范围内的车轮偏转;和用于将所述转向节(14,46,66)与承载结构(38,38’)连接的部件(18,20,22;40,42,44;48,56;56,74),其特征在于,所述部件(18,20,22;40,42,44;48,56;56,74)中的至少一个部件具有选择式地能释放的第二转向轴线(30,60,70),以便产生与由所述第一转向轴线(16,52,64)限定的车轮偏转不同的车轮偏转。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车轮悬架,其特征在于,在所述转向节(14,46,66)上布置有用于所述车轮(10)绕着所述第一转向轴线(16,52,64)转动的促动器(24,78)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车轮悬架,其特征在于,所述促动器(24,78)构造为电动机或构造为液压机组或气动机组。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的车轮悬架,其特征在于,用于将所述转向节(14,46,66)与所述承载结构(38,38’)连接的部件(18,20,22;40,42,44)构造为双横向连杆轴。
5.根据权利要求4所述的车轮悬架,其特征在于,设置有用于所述转向节(14)的支架(18),所述支架能绕着所述第二转向轴线(30)枢转地布置在所述双横向连杆轴的上横向连杆和下横向连杆(20,22)上。
6.根据权利要求4所述的车轮悬架,其特征在于,在所述双横向连杆轴的上横向连杆和下横向连杆(42,44)的承载结构侧端部区域处布置有能绕着所述第二转向轴线(30)枢转的、用于所述横向连杆(42,44)的承载管(40)。
7.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的车轮悬架,其特征在于,用于将所述转向节(46,66)与所述承载结构连接的部件(48,56;56,74)构造为麦弗逊式轴。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的车轮悬架,其特征在于,所述第二转向轴线(30,60,70)具有能被机械式、电气式、液压式或气动式的操纵机构释放的锁止机构(34,58,76)。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的车轮悬架,其特征在于,在所述车轮(10)上布置有作为驱动器的轮毂马达。
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