CN110229981B - Forging forming method for aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint - Google Patents

Forging forming method for aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint Download PDF

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CN110229981B
CN110229981B CN201910556715.8A CN201910556715A CN110229981B CN 110229981 B CN110229981 B CN 110229981B CN 201910556715 A CN201910556715 A CN 201910556715A CN 110229981 B CN110229981 B CN 110229981B
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aluminum alloy
thrust rod
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CN110229981A (en
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何振波
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Hang Qiao New Material Technology Binzhou Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/003Selecting material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/05Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a forging forming method of an aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint, belongs to the field of aluminum alloy forging forming, and particularly relates to a forging forming method of an aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint. The invention solves the problem that the existing thrust rod joint forming method can not achieve the performance requirement and can also realize effective weight reduction of components. The aluminum alloy round cast rod is subjected to blanking, heating, die forging, water cooling, edge cutting, etching and washing, inspection, quenching and aging. The production method provided by the invention not only meets the performance requirement of a straight thrust rod joint forging blank, but also reduces the production cost, improves the production efficiency and realizes effective weight reduction of components. The forging forming method is used for forging and forming the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint.

Description

Forging forming method for aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy forging and forming, and particularly relates to a method for forging and forming an aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint.
Background
With the push of the trend of light weight of automobiles and the improvement of environmental requirements, the integral weight reduction of transportation machinery such as automobiles and the like becomes an important way for improving fuel efficiency, the effective weight reduction of automobile bodies is difficult to realize by traditional steel or cast iron parts, the aluminum production of the parts becomes an effective way for light weight of automobiles, the application amount of aluminum alloy parts in automobile bodies and chassis bearing parts of passenger vehicles at present is gradually enlarged, but the use amount of aluminum on commercial vehicles is relatively small.
The straight thrust rod is used as an important structural component of a commercial vehicle, plays a role in buffering the impact force of a bridge part and a frame and stabilizing the frame, is mainly welded by a sleeve and a forging-formed joint, is mainly made of steel at present, is difficult to realize effective weight reduction of components, and is represented by aluminum alloy as a light high-strength material and is bound to become a preferred substitute material of the straight thrust rod.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing thrust rod joint forming method cannot meet the performance requirement and can realize effective weight reduction of parts, and provides a method for forging and forming an aluminum alloy straight type thrust rod joint.
The invention relates to a forging and forming method of an aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting an aluminum alloy round cast rod as a blank, beating the blank to be flat, and cutting the blank to obtain a cut rod material;
secondly, heating the cut bar stock to 450-480 ℃ to perform blank making, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ to obtain a blank;
thirdly, performing die forging on the blank at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ to obtain a forging blank;
fourthly, after the forging blank is cooled, trimming and polishing are carried out, then etching and washing are carried out, the forged blank after etching and washing is inspected, and the forging blank without forging defects and forming defects is selected to obtain a qualified forging blank;
fifthly, quenching the qualified forging blank at the temperature of 550-565 ℃ to obtain a quenched forging blank;
and sixthly, carrying out aging treatment on the quenched forging blank at the temperature of 170-190 ℃, and finishing the forging forming of the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the raw material adopted by the forging method is a casting rod, and an extrusion rod is not used, so that the processing procedure is shortened, the production efficiency is improved, the processing cost is reduced, and the additional value of the product is increased.
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint, which has a weight reduction ratio of about 50% compared with the traditional steel joint.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a forged aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1; wherein B is the sampling point of the tensile bar.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the forging forming method of the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps of:
firstly, selecting an aluminum alloy round cast rod as a blank, beating the blank to be flat, and cutting the blank to obtain a cut rod material;
secondly, heating the cut bar stock to 450-480 ℃ to perform blank making, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ to obtain a blank;
thirdly, performing die forging on the blank at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ to obtain a forging blank;
fourthly, after the forging blank is cooled, trimming and polishing are carried out, then etching and washing are carried out, the forged blank after etching and washing is inspected, and the forging blank without forging defects and forming defects is selected to obtain a qualified forging blank;
fifthly, quenching the qualified forging blank at the temperature of 550-565 ℃ to obtain a quenched forging blank;
and sixthly, carrying out aging treatment on the quenched forging blank at the temperature of 170-190 ℃, and finishing the forging forming of the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: in the first step, the aluminum alloy round cast rod is 6082 aluminum alloy, and the aluminum alloy round cast rod comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si 1-1.3%, Fe not more than 0.2%, Cu not more than 0.1%, Mn 0.4-1%, Mg 1-1.2%, Zn0.16-0.18%, Cr0.2-0.25%, Ti not more than 0.1%, and the balance of Al; the grain size of the aluminum alloy round cast rod is less than or equal to the primary grain size, and the aluminum alloy round cast rod has no cracks, strain, bubbles and corrosion in appearance. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the specification of the aluminum alloy round cast rod in the first step is phi 123mm multiplied by 1300 mm. The others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: in the first step, the flat beating is carried out along the diameter direction, and the distance between two flat beating surfaces is 90mm after the flat beating. The rest is the same as one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: the length of a single bar of the bar stock cut in the step one is 60 mm. The rest is the same as one of the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: spraying a release agent before the die forging in the third step; the die forging adopts a 2500-ton die forging machine, the die forging speed is 15mm/s, and the forging pressure is 20 MPa. The rest is the same as one of the first to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: and in the fourth step, the cooling is water cooling, and the water cooling temperature is 20-40 ℃. The rest is the same as one of the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: and the etching and washing in the fourth step is to soak the substrate for 10min by adopting a nitric acid solution with the mass fraction of 15-30%, and then soak the substrate for 10min by adopting a NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 20%. The rest is the same as one of the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment differs from the first to eighth embodiments in that: and fifthly, preserving heat for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 550-565 ℃ before quenching. The rest is the same as the first to eighth embodiments.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to ninth embodiments in that: and in the sixth step, the time of the aging treatment is 8-12 h. The rest is the same as one of the first to ninth embodiments.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows: the forging and forming method of the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting an aluminum alloy round cast rod as a blank, beating the blank to be flat, and cutting the blank to obtain a cut rod material;
secondly, heating the cut bar stock to 450-480 ℃ to perform blank making, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ to obtain a blank;
thirdly, performing die forging on the blank at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ to obtain a forging blank;
fourthly, after the forging blank is cooled, trimming and polishing are carried out, then etching and washing are carried out, the forged blank after etching and washing is inspected, and the forging blank without forging defects and forming defects is selected to obtain a qualified forging blank;
fifthly, quenching the qualified forging blank at the temperature of 550-565 ℃ to obtain a quenched forging blank;
and sixthly, carrying out aging treatment on the quenched forging blank at the temperature of 170-190 ℃, and finishing the forging forming of the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint. The weight of the processed parts was 0.9 kg.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a forged aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1; wherein B is the sampling point of the tensile bar.
Comparative example one: the steel straight pushing force rod joint parts which are provided by a certain commercial vehicle enterprise and have the same purpose are weighed, and the weight is 1.9 kg.
The weight reduction ratio of the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod in example 1 was 52.6% as compared with the steel straight thrust rod joint for the same application provided in a certain vehicle in comparative example 1.
Example two: the forging and forming method of the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting a 6082 round cast rod as a blank, beating the blank to a thickness of 90mm along the diameter direction, and moving the blank to a rapid saw for cutting to obtain a cut rod material; the length of the blank obtained by cutting is 60 mm; the specification of the cast rod is phi 123 multiplied by 1300 mm; the aluminum alloy cast rod comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 1.0-1.3% of Si, less than or equal to 0.2% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.10% of Cu, 0.4-1.0% of Mn, 1.0-1.2% of Mg1.16-0.18% of Zn0.2-0.25% of Cr0.2, less than or equal to 0.1% of Ti, and the balance of Al. The grain size of the round cast rod is less than or equal to the first-grade grain size, and the appearance is not allowed to have the defects of cracks, strain, bubbles, corrosion spots and the like;
secondly, heating the cut bar stock to 480 ℃ to perform blank making, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours under the condition that the temperature is 480 ℃ to obtain a blank;
thirdly, performing die forging on the blank at the temperature of 480 ℃ to obtain a forging blank; before die forging, a release agent is sprayed, die forging is carried out by using a 2500-ton forging die machine, the die forging speed is set to be 15mm/s, and the forging pressure is 20 MPa;
fourthly, after the forging blank is cooled by water at the temperature of 20-40 ℃, trimming and polishing are carried out, then the forging blank after trimming is etched and washed in 20% nitric acid solution for 10min and in 20% NaOH solution for 10min, the forged blank after etching is inspected, and the forging blank without forging defects and forming defects is selected to obtain a qualified forging blank;
fifthly, quenching the qualified forging blank at the temperature of 555-565 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to obtain a quenched forging blank;
and sixthly, carrying out aging treatment on the quenched forging blank at the temperature of 175-185 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 10 hours to finish the forging forming of the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint.
The metallographic structure and the properties of the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint prepared in the second embodiment are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002107082130000041
Comparative example two:
blanking: selecting a blank, selecting a 6082 extrusion rod as a raw material, wherein the specification is phi 123 multiplied by 1300mm, and the aluminum alloy casting rod comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 1.0-1.3% of Si, less than or equal to 0.2% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.10% of Cu, 0.4-1.0% of Mn, 1.0-1.2% of Mg1.16-0.18% of Zn0.2-0.25% of Cr0.2, less than or equal to 0.1% of Ti, and the balance of Al. The grain size of the bar is less than or equal to the first-grade grain size, and the appearance of the bar is not allowed to have the defects of cracks, strain, bubbles, corrosion spots and the like. After the blank is beaten to 90mm thick along the diameter direction, the blank is moved to a rapid saw for cutting, and the length of the blank obtained by cutting is 60 mm;
heating: transferring the cut blank to a heating furnace for heating to 480 ℃;
die forging: when the blank is heated to 480 ℃ for die forging, a release agent is required to be sprayed before die forging, a 2500-ton die forging machine is used for die forging, the die forging speed is set to be 15mm/s, and the forging pressure is 20 MPa;
water cooling: after die forging is finished, quickly putting the forging blank into a water tank for cooling, wherein the temperature of the used water is 20-40 ℃;
trimming: trimming the cooled forging blank, wherein the trimming has no residual flash, no indentation and other defects;
etching and washing: and (3) etching and washing the edge-cut forging blank in a 20% nitric acid solution for 10min, and etching and washing in a 20% NaOH solution for 10 min.
Inspecting the forged blank after the etching, and selecting the forged blank without forming defects and forged as a qualified part
Quenching: and (3) transferring the qualified forging blank to a quenching furnace for solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is 560 +/-5 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours.
Aging: and (4) transferring the quenched forging blank to an aging furnace for aging treatment, wherein the aging temperature is 180 +/-5 ℃, and preserving heat for 10 hours.
The metallographic structure and the properties of the straight thrust rod joint produced by the comparative example 2 are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002107082130000051
Compared with the comparative example II, the raw material adopted by the example II is the casting rod, and compared with the extrusion rod, the adoption of the casting rod as the raw material reduces the extrusion working procedures, reduces the processing cost, improves the production efficiency and can meet the performance requirements of customers.

Claims (3)

1. A forging and forming method for an aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, selecting an aluminum alloy round cast rod as a blank, beating the blank to be flat, and cutting the blank to obtain a cut rod material;
secondly, heating the cut bar stock to 450-480 ℃ to perform blank making, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ to obtain a blank;
thirdly, performing die forging on the blank at the temperature of 450-480 ℃ to obtain a forging blank;
fourthly, after the forging blank is cooled, trimming and polishing are carried out, then etching and washing are carried out, the forged blank after etching and washing is inspected, and the forging blank without forging defects and forming defects is selected to obtain a qualified forging blank;
fifthly, quenching the qualified forging blank at the temperature of 550-565 ℃ to obtain a quenched forging blank;
sixthly, carrying out aging treatment on the quenched forging blank at the temperature of 170-190 ℃ to finish the forging forming of the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint;
in the first step, the aluminum alloy round cast rod is 6082 aluminum alloy, and the aluminum alloy round cast rod comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si 1-1.3%, Fe not more than 0.2%, Cu not more than 0.1%, Mn 0.4-1%, Mg 1-1.2%, Zn0.16-0.18%, Cr0.2-0.25%, Ti not more than 0.1%, and the balance of Al; the grain size of the aluminum alloy round cast rod is less than or equal to the primary grain size, and the aluminum alloy round cast rod has no cracks, strain, bubbles and corrosion in appearance;
in the first step, the flat beating is carried out along the diameter direction, and the distance between two flat beating surfaces is 90mm after the flat beating;
spraying a release agent before the die forging in the third step; the die forging adopts a 2500-ton die forging machine, the die forging speed is 15mm/s, and the forging pressure is 20 MPa;
in the fourth step, the cooling is water cooling, and the water cooling temperature is 20-40 ℃;
the fourth step of etching and washing is to soak the substrate for 10min by adopting a nitric acid solution with the mass fraction of 15-30%, and then soak the substrate for 10min by adopting a NaOH solution with the mass fraction of 20%;
preserving heat for 1-3 h at 550-565 ℃ before quenching in the fifth step;
and in the sixth step, the time of the aging treatment is 8-12 h.
2. The method for forging and forming the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint as recited in claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy round cast rod in the first step has a specification of phi 123mm x 1300 mm.
3. The method for forging and forming the aluminum alloy straight thrust rod joint as recited in claim 1, wherein the cut bar stock in the first step has a single length of 60 mm.
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CN110938758A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-03-31 东北轻合金有限责任公司 Manufacturing method of T61 state 6 series plate
CN111151694A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-05-15 十堰亨昌源汽车零部件有限公司 Optimized V-shaped thrust rod head and forming method
CN111376001A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-07-07 陕西德仕汽车部件(集团)有限责任公司 Manufacturing process of friction welding V-shaped thrust rod
CN113231583B (en) * 2021-04-19 2022-08-16 上海长特锻造有限公司 Forging forming process of joint blank

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CN107955893A (en) * 2017-12-01 2018-04-24 宁波拓普汽车电子有限公司 A kind of method for forging and molding of aluminium alloy knuckle
CN109226620A (en) * 2018-10-10 2019-01-18 江苏亚太安信达铝业有限公司 A kind of forging molding process of heavy goods vehicles aluminium alloy vertical pulling distance rod
CN109622844A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-04-16 昆山惠众机电有限公司 A kind of forging technology of the pump housing for vent gas treatment

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107955893A (en) * 2017-12-01 2018-04-24 宁波拓普汽车电子有限公司 A kind of method for forging and molding of aluminium alloy knuckle
CN109226620A (en) * 2018-10-10 2019-01-18 江苏亚太安信达铝业有限公司 A kind of forging molding process of heavy goods vehicles aluminium alloy vertical pulling distance rod
CN109622844A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-04-16 昆山惠众机电有限公司 A kind of forging technology of the pump housing for vent gas treatment

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