CN110150511A - A kind of freshwater fish quality improving agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of freshwater fish quality improving agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of freshwater fish quality improving agent and preparation method thereof, modifying agent includes Eucommia Leaf Powder, semen viciae fabae, allicin, arginine, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, carnitine, vitamin E, vitamin C, taurine, glycine betaine, sodium selenite, MgSO4、MgCl2, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, bentonite, Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, wild chrysanthemum, wheat-middlings.The present invention uses nutrition regulation method, by adjusting feed nutritional ingredient and use efficient additive, be conducive to increase nutritive composition in muscle a variety of, increase immunity of organisms, improve muscle texture characteristic, improve the beneficiating ingredient combination of mouthfeel and chewable, collective effect, it can achieve the effect that the muscle nutrition value for improving cultured fishes and muscle organoleptic quality, can have additional nutrients content of material, increase muscle fibre density, it builds up muscle hardness, improve the texture character of muscle, increase the hardness of mouthfeel, adhesiveness, elasticity, cohesive strength, deadlocked degree, chewability, the texture characteristics such as restoring force.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of freshwater fish quality improving agents and preparation method thereof, belong to aquaculture field.
Background technique
Overfishing and the deterioration of the ecological environment cause the increasingly failure of fish natural resources, increase output of aquatic products by cultivation
The unique feasible approach for improving high-quality protein supply, but the degeneration of breed variety, in addition living environment and food nutrition with
There are larger differences for wild fish so that cultured fishes quality is decreased obviously, generally existing body colour is degenerated, meat is soft, poor taste,
The problems such as body protein content is low, body fat content is excessively high, n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid and lower taste compound content, causes
Cultivation fish differs greatly with the wild fish market price, greatly influences its commodity value, constrains fish farming industry sustainable development
Exhibition.Therefore, how to improve cultured fishes quality, so that its meat is compared favourably with wild fish, preferably cater to the taste of consumer
It is the important topic of meat quality research with health demand.Cultured fishes meat improvement at present generallys use hereditary and selection, cultivation
The methods of environmental condition regulation and feed nutrition regulation, wherein nutrition regulation is the main path of meat quality improvement.
Currently, commercially available routine meat modifier is primarily present following problems: one, quality improving index is single: laying particular stress on mostly
In improvement in a certain respect, such as by adding carotenoid, artificial synthesized astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, lutern in feed
And various natural pigment sources improve the yellowish pink of fish;Physical and chemical index by improving breeding water body improves meat bilgy odour, smell;
Feedstuff feeding by adding n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid improves unsaturated fatty acid content etc..Although these Feed Energies change
Quality of fish, but it cannot be converted into industry production, thus characteristic brand and industry cannot be formed.Two, at high cost, kind shortage,
Quality is lower, is difficult systematization, large-scale production, if astaxanthin price is higher, improves the cost needs per ton of flesh of fish color
1500 yuan.Three, without unified standard, value and risk assessment is less for the addition of microelement and minerals.Therefore a kind of energy is researched and developed
The modifying agent for enough improving a variety of meat qualities is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of freshwater fish quality improving agent and its preparation sides
Method can achieve the effect that improve a variety of meat qualities.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of freshwater fish quality improving agent, the raw material including following weight percent: Eucommia Leaf Powder 4%-7%, semen viciae fabae
57%-62%, allicin 0.05%-0.5%, arginine 0.2%-0.4%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 0.2%-0.4%,
Carnitine 0.3%-0.4%, vitamin E 0.02%-0.05%, vitamin C 0.05%-0.1%, taurine 0.03%-
0.05%, glycine betaine 0.2%-0.4%, sodium selenite 0.01%-0.02%, MgSO40.01-0.02%, MgCl2 0.005-
0.015%, zinc sulfate 0.005-0.01%, manganese sulfate 0.01-0.03%, bentonite 17%-20%, Radix Astragali 1.2%-2%, party
Join 1%-2%, wild chrysanthemum 1%-2.3%, wheat-middlings 8%-12%.
A kind of preparation method of freshwater fish quality improving agent, each raw material is uniformly mixed, is granulated with tablet press machine, particle is prepared
The subcircular or circular tablet of size diameter 2mm~5mm;In use, modifying agent is fed according to the ratio of fish weight 2-5%.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention adds semen viciae fabae in modifying agent, by changing the food structure of ingesting of fresh-water fishes, so that fresh-water fishes
Carnification is tight hard and sharp and clear, is not easy well-done, and chopping is not easy to break, and delicious flavour, unique flavor, is to improve the meat that cultivates fresh water fishes
A kind of unique way of matter not only successfully improves the meat of fresh-water fishes, also significantly improves the economic benefit of cultivation.
2, the present invention adds allicin in modifying agent, the meat of adult fish can be made fine and smooth, close, delicious flavour.Cortex Eucommiae
Leaf powder can be improved the feed intake of fish, promote the digestion and growth of fish, improve collagen of muscle content, while can increase
The tenderness of the strong flesh of fish, taste are also more delicious.Eucommia Leaf Powder, allicin and the two compound preparation can promote the growth of fish, right
Meat quality and digestive enzyme activity generate active influence.
3, improvement of the vitamin to meat quality:
(1) Nutritional principles of carnitine are chiefly to facilitate lipid metabolism, participate in the oxidation of fatty acid, can carry long-chain rouge
Fat acid promotes fat oxidation by mitochondrial membrane.Carnitine is added in feed can improve feed amino acid utilization rate, promote fish raw
It is long, muscle protein content is improved, flesh of fish fat content is reduced, the exquisiteness for becoming flesh quality.
(2) addition VE can promote fish growth, enhance non-specific immunity, improve meat quality, extend fish muscle
Color and freshness keep muscle taste fresher, moreover it is possible to extend the fresh meat holding time.
4, improvement of the complex mineral element to meat quality: selenium can prevent the lipid structure of cell membrane from being destroyed, and keep
Cell membrane integrity.Selenium can be improved the activity of fish body hydrogen peroxide enzyme and superoxide dismutase, three's collaboration, Neng Gouti
The tenderness and color of the high flesh of fish, improve the flavor of the flesh of fish, improve the quality of the flesh of fish.MgSO is added in feed4、MgCl2It can extremely show
Landing reduces the drip loss of the flesh of fish, keeps the fresh and tender degree of the flesh of fish.The ingredient of zinc and manganese as superoxide dismutase participates in dynamic
Object body antioxidant system, inhibitory activity oxygen generate, and prevent muscle fat from aoxidizing.Rationally addition zinc and manganese also can effectively improve meat
Matter.
5, improvement of the taurine to meat quality: adding appropriate taurine can be improved fish muscle nutriment: albumen, must
Amino acid, flavor amino acid and content of polyunsaturated fatty acid are needed, crude fat and lactic acid content are reduced, cooking loss is reduced, cuts
Shear force improves meat quality.
6, improvement of the arginine to collagen of muscle: arginine resolves into ornithine and urine under arginase effect
Element, and ornithine is the important precursor for synthesizing collagen.Fish flesh can be improved in the arginine of optimal level in diet
Meat arginase vigor and ornithine content, to improve the synthesis capability of collagen of muscle.
7, improvement of the Chinese medicine to meat quality:
Radix Astragali: adding appropriate Radix Astragali in feed, fish non-specific immunity can be improved, and adjusts body substance metabolism,
It can be improved collagen of muscle content simultaneously, promote fish growth.
Radix Codonopsis: adding appropriate Radix Codonopsis, the excitement and inhibition of energy Rosemary Essence Oil in feed, enhancing body prevents stimulation
Imperial ability and antimicrobial and anti-inflammation efficacy, while fish growth can be promoted.
Wild chrysanthemum: adding appropriate wild chrysanthemum in feed, energy conspicuousness improves the weight of each organ of fish body, can improve fish body blood
The phagocytic percentage and phagocytic index of liquid phagocyte, can inside and outside reinforcement lysozyme Bacteriolytic activity.
8, the present invention uses nutrition regulation method, by adjusting the nutritional ingredient of feed and using efficient additive, more
Kind is conducive to increase nutritive composition in muscle, increases immunity of organisms, improves muscle texture characteristic and improve mouthfeel and chewable
Beneficiating ingredient combination, collective effect, can reach improve cultured fishes muscle nutrition value and muscle organoleptic quality (color
Pool, mouthfeel, hardness, delicate flavour, smell etc.) effect, the content of material that can have additional nutrients, increase muscle fibre density, increase flesh
Meat hardness improves the texture character of muscle, increases the hardness of mouthfeel, adhesiveness, elasticity, cohesive strength, deadlocked degree, chewability, returns
The texture characteristics such as multiple power.
9, each raw material is uniformly mixed by the present invention, is granulated with tablet press machine, the nearly circle of particle size diameter 2mm~5mm is made
Shape or circular tablet can play the physiological action of each component comprehensively, and Autoamtic bait putting machine convenient to use is directly fed, and have preferable
Practical application value.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of freshwater fish quality improving agent, the raw material including following weight percent: Eucommia Leaf Powder 5%, semen viciae fabae 60%, big
Allicin 0.5%, arginine 0.3%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 0.2%, carnitine 0.35%, vitamin E 0.02%, vitamin
C 0.05%, taurine 0.03%, glycine betaine 0.3%, sodium selenite 0.01%, MgSO40.01%, MgCl20.01%, sulphur
Sour zinc 0.01%, manganese sulfate 0.01%, bentonite 20%, Radix Astragali 1.2%, Radix Codonopsis 1%, wild chrysanthemum 1%, wheat-middlings 10%.
Preparation method are as follows: each raw material is uniformly mixed, is granulated with tablet press machine, the circle of particle size diameter about 3mm is prepared
Shape tablet.
Embodiment 2
A kind of freshwater fish quality improving agent, the raw material including following weight percent: Eucommia Leaf Powder 4%, semen viciae fabae 62%, big
Allicin 0.25%, arginine 0.2%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 0.3%, carnitine 0.3%, vitamin E 0.02%, vitamin
C 0.1%, taurine 0.05%, glycine betaine 0.4%, sodium selenite 0.02%, MgSO40.02%, MgCl20.015%, sulphur
Sour zinc 0.005%, manganese sulfate 0.02%, bentonite 18%, Radix Astragali 2%, Radix Codonopsis 2%, wild chrysanthemum 2.3%, wheat-middlings 8%.
Preparation method is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of freshwater fish quality improving agent, the raw material including following weight percent: Eucommia Leaf Powder 7%, semen viciae fabae 57%, big
Allicin 0.05%, arginine 0.4%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 0.4%, carnitine 0.4%, vitamin E 0.05%, vitamin
C 0.05%, taurine 0.03%, glycine betaine 0.2%, sodium selenite 0.01%, MgSO40.015%, MgCl20.005%,
Zinc sulfate 0.01%, manganese sulfate 0.03%, bentonite 17%, Radix Astragali 1.85%, Radix Codonopsis 1.5%, wild chrysanthemum 2%, wheat-middlings 12%.
Preparation method is the same as embodiment 1.
Application examples 1
Zhengzhou raiser, pond culture kind are grass carp, choose the comparable grass carp of weight and are randomly divided into two groups, one group is being thrown
On the basis of feeding basal diet, improved daily in strict accordance with the particle that the ratio of fish total weight 4% feeds the embodiment of the present invention 1
Agent, as test group, another group only feeds basal diet, does not feed modifying agent, as a control group.The base of test group and control group
Plinth daily ration be (weight percent meter): fish meal 12%, dregs of beans 26%, cotton dregs 10%, rapeseed meal 12%, wheat-middlings 20%, wheat bran 8%,
(premix is the limited public affairs of the peaceful aquatic science and technology of Guangdong moral for maize alcohol lees 6%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, soya-bean oil 3%, premix 1%
The carp compound premix of department).Improve through feedings in 90 days, feeds the fish muscle consolidation of modifying agent of the present invention, muscle moisture
Content reduces, and moisture content is down to 76.18% from 78.47%, and crude protein content increases, and rises to 15.15% from 14.27%, thick rouge
Fat content reduces, and is down to 3.35% from 4.75%.It is tasted through culinary art, chewy in taste, Chewy, flavor is delicious.
Table one, which feeds granular preparation grass carp muscle conventional nutrients of the present invention, to be influenced
Project (%) | Control group | Test group |
Crude protein content (%) | 14.27b±0.01 | 15.15a±0.54 |
Crude fat content (%) | 4.75a±0.84 | 3.35b±0.37 |
Moisture content (%) | 78.47±0.55 | 76.18±0.40 |
Note: subscript lowercase difference of going together in table indicates significant difference, the p < 0.05 of statistical analysis." ± " is statistics
The standard deviation of analysis shows the dispersion degree of data.
Application examples 2
Break a seal raiser, and pond culture kind is carp, chooses the comparable carp of weight and is randomly divided into two groups, one group is being thrown
On the basis of feeding basal diet, improved daily in strict accordance with the particle that the ratio of fish total weight 3% feeds the embodiment of the present invention 1
Agent, as test group, another group only feeds basal diet, does not feed modifying agent, as a control group.The base of test group and control group
Plinth daily ration be (weight percent meter): fish meal 12%, dregs of beans 26%, cotton dregs 10%, rapeseed meal 12%, wheat-middlings 20%, wheat bran 8%,
(premix is the limited public affairs of the peaceful aquatic science and technology of Guangdong moral for maize alcohol lees 6%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, soya-bean oil 3%, premix 1%
The carp compound premix of department).Improve through feedings in 100 days, detects nutritive composition in muscle, compared with the control group, test group carp
The muscle crude protein of fish is increased to 16.57% by 15.42%, and moisture content is reduced to 75.48% by 76.21%, calcium content by
430.57mg/100g muscle is increased to 920.75mg/100g muscle, and content of glutamic acid is increased to 4.65% by 3.12%, phenylpropyl alcohol
Histidine content is increased to 4.82% by 3.54%, and Glycine Levels are increased to 4.71% by 3.42%.It is tasted through culinary art, mouthfeel strength
Road, Chewy, flavor are delicious.
Table two, which feeds granular preparation of the present invention, influences carp muscle of back nutritive index and Fresh ear field content
Project | Control group | Test group |
Content of glutamic acid (%) | 3.12b±0.23 | 4.65a±0.22 |
Phenylalanine content (%) | 3.54b±0.41 | 4.82a±0.35 |
Glycine Levels (%) | 3.42b±0.72 | 4.71a±0.32 |
Crude protein content (%) | 15.42±0.08 | 16.57±0.41 |
Moisture content (%) | 76.21±0.63 | 75.48±0.49 |
Calcium content (mg/100g muscle) | 430.57±1.29 | 920.75±1.97 |
Note: subscript lowercase difference of going together in table indicates significant difference, the p < 0.05 of statistical analysis." ± " is statistics
The standard deviation of analysis shows the dispersion degree of data.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of freshwater fish quality improving agent, which is characterized in that the raw material including following weight percent: Eucommia Leaf Powder 4%-
7%, semen viciae fabae 57%-62%, allicin 0.05%-0.5%, arginine 0.2%-0.4%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid
0.2%-0.4%, carnitine 0.3%-0.4%, vitamin E 0.02%-0.05%, vitamin C 0.05%-0.1%, taurine
0.03%-0.05%, glycine betaine 0.2%-0.4%, sodium selenite 0.01%-0.02%, MgSO40.01-0.02%, MgCl2
0.005-0.015%, zinc sulfate 0.005-0.01%, manganese sulfate 0.01-0.03%, bentonite 17%-20%, Radix Astragali 1.2%-
2%, Radix Codonopsis 1%-2%, wild chrysanthemum 1%-2.3%, wheat-middlings 8%-12%.
2. freshwater fish quality improving agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the original including following weight percent
Material: Eucommia Leaf Powder 5%, semen viciae fabae 60%, allicin 0.5%, arginine 0.3%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 0.2%, carnitine
0.35%, vitamin E 0.02%, vitamin C 0.05%, taurine 0.03%, glycine betaine 0.3%, sodium selenite 0.01%,
MgSO40.01%, MgCl20.01%, zinc sulfate 0.01%, manganese sulfate 0.01%, bentonite 20%, Radix Astragali 1.2%, Radix Codonopsis
1%, wild chrysanthemum 1%, wheat-middlings 10%.
3. freshwater fish quality improving agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the original including following weight percent
Material: Eucommia Leaf Powder 4%, semen viciae fabae 62%, allicin 0.25%, arginine 0.2%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 0.3%, carnitine
0.3%, vitamin E 0.02%, vitamin C 0.1%, taurine 0.05%, glycine betaine 0.4%, sodium selenite 0.02%,
MgSO40.02%, MgCl20.015%, zinc sulfate 0.005%, manganese sulfate 0.02%, bentonite 18%, Radix Astragali 2%, Radix Codonopsis
2%, wild chrysanthemum 2.3%, wheat-middlings 8%.
4. freshwater fish quality improving agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the original including following weight percent
Material: Eucommia Leaf Powder 7%, semen viciae fabae 57%, allicin 0.05%, arginine 0.4%, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 0.4%, carnitine
0.4%, vitamin E 0.05%, vitamin C 0.05%, taurine 0.03%, glycine betaine 0.2%, sodium selenite 0.01%,
MgSO40.015%, MgCl20.005%, zinc sulfate 0.01%, manganese sulfate 0.03%, bentonite 17%, Radix Astragali 1.85%, party
Join 1.5%, wild chrysanthemum 2%, wheat-middlings 12%.
5. a kind of preparation method of modifying agent according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that mix each raw material equal
It is even, it is granulated with tablet press machine, prepares the subcircular or circular tablet of particle size diameter 2mm~5mm;In use, modifying agent according to
The ratio of fish weight 2-5% is fed.
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CN111955624A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-20 | 广东海大集团股份有限公司 | Taiwan loach feed additive and preparation method and application thereof |
CN112806499A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-18 | 中山市泰山饲料有限公司 | Feed for improving meat quality and delicate flavor of grass carp and preparation method thereof |
CN112877445A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-01 | 河南牧业经济学院 | Microsatellite marker and primer for identifying genetic sex of hucho taimen, and identification method and application |
CN113712135A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-30 | 广州市联鲲生物科技有限公司 | Additive for improving meat quality and flavor of carps, compound premix feed and preparation method and application of compound premix feed |
CN114468179A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-05-13 | 广东海洋大学 | Feed additive for improving meat quality of eleutheronema tetradactylum and preparation method thereof |
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CN114847418A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-05 | 华南农业大学 | Composite fat source for improving muscle quality of tilapia based on accurate nutritional requirement of fatty acid |
CN115226817A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-25 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | Fish food for improving anti-stress reaction capability of live fish |
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CN114847418B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-08-22 | 华南农业大学 | Composite fat source for improving muscle quality of tilapia based on accurate nutrition requirement of fatty acid |
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